ArchiveTo define“sweetness”in traditional Chinese medicine based on sweet taste receptors and explore the hypoglycemic mechanism of Yuzhu（Polygonatum odoratumin）saponin.
The diabetic model was established by streptozocin（STZ）method. After successfully modeling，the mice were randomly divided into model group，metformin group，low dose of Yuzhu（Polygonatum odoratumin）saponin group，high dose of Yuzhu（Polygonatum odoratumin）saponin group，low dose of Yuzhu（Polygonatum odoratumin）saponin＋Lac（Lactisole）group and high dose of Yuzhu（Polygonatum odoratumin）saponin＋Lac group. The mice without modeling were taken as the normal group. Fasting blood glucose and glucose tolerance were tested 7 weeks after administration of the drug. After 8 weeks of drug administration，the levels of total cholesterol（TC），triglyceride（TG），low-density lipoprotein cholesterol（LDL-C）and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol（HDL-C）were determined by biochemical kits. The morphology of pancreas and liver tissues were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining（HE），and the contents of glucagon-like peptide-1（GLP-1）and insulin were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA）. HuTu-80 was used as a cellular model，and the contents of GLP-1 and Cyclic adenosine monophosphate（cAMP）were detected by ELISA. The intensity of Ca2＋fluorescence was detected by laser confocal.
Yuzhu（Polygonatum odoratumin）saponin significantly reduced the levels of fasting blood glucose，TC，TG and LDL-C in diabetic mice（P<0.05）. Yuzhu（Polygonatum odoratumin）saponin increased the levels of HDL-C，GLP-1 and insulin（P<0.05），and improved the morphology of the pancreas and liver tissues. Yuzhu（Polygonatum odoratumin）saponin significantly increased the contents of cAMP，Ca2＋and GLP-1 after their action on cells（P<0.05）. However，the action of Yuzhu（Polygonatum odoratumin）saponin could be significantly inhibited by the sweet taste receptor inhibitor Lactisole（P<0.05）.
Yuzhu（Polygonatum odoratumin）saponin agitates sweet taste receptors due to the sweet taste，which in turn promotes GLP-1 secretion and exerts hypoglycemic effects.
To observe the effects of acupotomy intervention on the morphology of cervical muscle tissue，and the contents of cytokine and neuropeptide in rabbits with cervical spondylosis.
Thirty 6-month-old male New Zealand rabbits of ordinary health were randomly divided into acupotomy group，model group and blank group，with 10 rabbits in each group. The rabbits in the model and acupotomy groups were fixed in a head-down posture in a model box with ice packs applied to the neck once a day for 5 hours，continuing for 4 weeks to establish a cervical spondylosis model. After successful model establishment，the blank group and model group were raised under normal conditions，while the acupotomy group received acupotomy interventions at the cervical spinous processes and the areas of muscle nodules and cord-like sensations in the neck muscles，once a week for a total of three times. One week after the intervention，the posterior neck muscles and serum of the rabbits were collected. The morphological changes in the neck muscles were observed under a light microscope using HE staining. The serum cytokines［tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α），interleukin-1β（IL-1β），interleukin-6（IL-6），interleukin-8（IL-8）］were detected by ELISA and neck muscle neuropeptides（substance P，bradykinin）were detected by immunohistochemistry.
The sections from the model group revealed significant pathological changes under light microscopy，including disorderly degeneration alignment of muscle cells，edema，twisted and fractured muscle fibers，and extensive infiltration of inflammatory cells. The acupotomy group showed significant improvement in the structure of the neck muscles，with muscle fibers arrangement resembling that of the blank group，indicating that the acupotomy intervention could effectively restore the morphology of the damaged rabbit neck muscles and reduce inflammation levels. The levels of TNF-α，IL-1β，IL-6，IL-8，substance P and bradykinin in the model group were significantly higher than those in the blank group（P<0.05）. The levels of TNF-α，IL-1β，IL-6，IL-8，substance Pand bradykinin in the acupotomy group were significantly lower than those in the model group（P<0.05）.
Acupotomy therapy can reduce the levels of inflammatory mediators（TNF-α，IL-1β，IL-6，IL-8），and regulate the contents of substance P and bradykinin，alleviate inflammation and pain，and effectively promote the repair of damaged neck muscles.
The knowledge system of Traditional Chinese Medicine（TCM）is rich in contents，diverse in types and complex in relationships. Knowledge Graph（KG），as an important tool for knowledge discovery，carries a large amount of information while preserving the relationship among the information and can effectively describe and mine the tacit knowledge in TCM.KG has been developing rapidly since its introduction to the field of TCM，and it has been applied in the mining of the experience of famous and old TCM practitioners，prescription regularity analysis，intelligent Q & A and many other aspects. However，the current data mining method of KG is relatively single，mainly focusing on query retrieval，which restricts the discovery of tacit knowledge in TCM. In this paper，based on the KG of traditional Chinese medicine treatment for coronary heart disease constructed from literature，it tested and analyzed the algorithms commonly used in KG，such as centrality，community detection，similarity，pathfinding and so on to find the algorithms suitable for data mining in TCM and to provide assistance for the discovery of tacit knowledge in the KG in the field of TCM.
Digestive system disease is the largest disease group in the whole body，and its incidence is high. It causes a great burden for the family，society and country of patients. There are still many unclear problems in the diagnosis and treatment of digestive system diseases，and traditional data analysis has certain limitations in predicting the risk of digestive system diseases. Traditional Chinese medicine combined with artificial intelligence technology has broad application prospects in the treatment of digestive system diseases. Based on a large amount of medical data and clinical experience，the artificial intelligence can assist traditional Chinese medicine doctors to diagnose digestive system diseases，analyze the development trend of the disease，and provide personalized treatment plans according to individual differences of patients. In this paper，the application and prospect of artificial intelligence in the diagnosis and treatment of digestive system diseases in traditional Chinese medicine were summarized.
The study investigated the molecular mechanism of“ascending the clear and descending the turbid”effect of Ganlu Xiaodu Micropill（甘露消毒丹，GXM）on retinoicacid-inducible gene 1（RIG-1）/mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein（MAVS）/nuclear factor-κB（NF-κB）pathway in influenza virus（IV）-infected mice.
Ninety-six SPF-grade BALB/c mice were randomly divided into normal，model，GXM and Oseltamivir groups. Except for the mice in the normal group，the IV infection mode in the other groups was set up and sampled on day 7 of modelling after the mouse abscission experiment.HE staining was used to observe pathological changes in lung tissues. The pathological changes in organelles of mouse lung tissue cells were observed under electron microscope. The mRNA expressions of nuclear factor kappa-B p65（NFκB p65），MAVS，RIG-1 and lactate dehydrogenase A（LDHA）were detected in mouse lung tissues by qPCR method. Western blot method was used to determine the protein contents of MAVS，NF-κB and RIG-1 in mouse lung tissues and serum levels of interleukin 6（IL-6），LDH，Interferon-β（IFN-β）and interleukin-10（IL-10）were detected in mouse serum by ELISA method.
Compared with those in the normal group，after IV infection，the alveolar structure of mice was severely damaged，with the presence of a large number of inflammatory cell infiltration and capillary dilatation；the ultrastructure of lung tissue was damaged，the alveolar structure was broken，the number of organelles was reduced，and part of the outer membrane and cristae of mitochondria were reduced or disappeared；the total distance and the average speed of walking of mice in all the other groups were significantly reduced（P<0.05）. The pulmonary tissue of mice had a significant decrease in the expressions of RIG-1，NF-κB p65，MAVS，LDHA mRNA and protein in the lung tissues of mice were significantly elevated；the serum levels of IL-6，IFN-βand LDH in mice were elevated，and the serum IL-10 level was decreased（P<0.05）. Compared with those in the model group，the total distance and the average speed of walking were significantly increased in the GXM group，the average speed of walking was significantly higher in the Oseltamivir group，and the average speed of mice in the Oseltamivir group was significantly lower than that in the GXM group（P<0.05）. The expressions of RIG-1，NF-κB p65，MAVS，LDHA mRNA and protein were reduced，the serum levels of IL-6，IFN-βand LDH were reduced，and the serum levels of IL-10 were increased（P<0.05），and the trends of changes were consistent between the two treatment groups after administration of the drug，in which the expression of RIG-I mRNA in lung tissues of the GXM group was decreased significantly，and the improvement of serum levels of IL-6 and IFN-βin mice of the Oseltamivir group was obvious（P<0.05）.
GXM regulates the expressions of inflammatory factors and regulates energy metabolism in IV infection，possibly through the RIG-I/MAVS/NF-κB pathway，which regulates the“ascending the clear and descending the turbid”effects of IV infection.
To explore the effect of high-fat diet induced obesity on the reproductive ability of male rats.
A high-fat diet was used to establish an obese rat model，and changes in sperm concentration，sperm motility，sperm morphology，sperm DNA fragmentation index（DNA fragmentation index，DFI）and testicular tissue pathology were observed in obese rats.
Compared with those of the blank group，the sperm motility，sperm morphology and DFI of the modeling group significantly decreased（P<0.05）. Compared with those of the blank group，there was no significant change in sperm concentration in the modeling group（P>0.05）. In the modeling group，there was interstitial edema and fewer interstitial cells compared to the blank group. The interstitial space between the seminiferous tubules widened，and the distance between spermatogonial cells increased. There was a significant decrease in various levels of spermatogenic cells and supporting cells，as well as a significant decrease in sperm cells in the lumen.
The obesity induced by high fat diet can reduce the reproductive ability of male rats，especially in terms of sperm motility，sperm morphology，DFI and testicular tissue pathology.
To reveal the protective effects of Dangshen（Codonopsis pilosula）water extract on intestinal barrier and microbial metabolism in aging model mice.
Fifty specific pathogen free（SPF）grade 8-week-old C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into 5 groups to construct a D-galactose mouse aging model，and different doses of Dangshen（Codonopsis pilosula）water extract were used for intervention. Biochemical analysis was used to detect the levels of superoxide dismutase（SOD），malondialdehyde（MDA）and lipid peroxidation（LPO）in mouse serum. Haematoxylin Eosin（HE）staining was used to observe pathological changes in mouse intestinal tissue. Immunohistochemical staining was used to observe the expressions of Occludin and Claudin 1 proteins in mouse intestinal tissue. The ultrastructure of mouse intestinal tissue cells was observed by using transmission electron microscopy. The combination of 16S rDNA sequencing and metabolomics analysis was used to detect the changes in gut microbiota and metabolites in mice after aging and Dangshen（Codonopsis pilosula）intervention，while joint analysis was conducted through bioinformatics.
Compared with those of the normal control group，the weight and food intake of aging mice decreased（P<0.05），and the weight and food intake of the intervention group with Dangshen（Codonopsis pilosula）significantly increased compared to those of the aging group（P<0.05）. Compared with those in the normal control group，the serum SOD in the aging group decreased（P<0.05），while the levels of MDA and LPO increased（P<0.05）. The intervention group with Dangshen（Codonopsis pilosula）significantly reversed the level change of SOD，MDA and LPO（P<0.05）. The intestinal tissue structure of aging model mice was significantly damaged，and the expressions of Occludin and Claudin 1 proteins decreased significantly compared to those of the normal controls（P<0.05）. After high-dose intervention with Dangshen（Codonopsis pilosula），there was a significant improvement in intestinal tissue damage，and the expressions of Occludin and Claudin 1 proteins increased significantly（P<0.05），and the ultrastructure of mouse intestinal cells tended to be normal. During the aging process of mice，the ratio of Bacteroidota to Firmicutes was decreased，after high-dose intervention with Dangshen（Codonopsispilosula），the ratio was increased. During this process，the main differential metabolites were lipids and lipid molecules，organic acids and their derivatives. Metabolic pathways included galactose metabolism，glyceride metabolism and drug metabolism-cytochrome P450. Omics association analysis showed that Paraacteroides，Lactobacillus and Lachnochlostrium were closely related to lipids and lipid molecules.
Dangshen（Codonopsis pilosula）water extract has a significant protective effect on the intestinal tissue structure and function of aging mice. By regulating the intestinal microbiota structure and its metabolites，it improves the intestinal barrier function and resists aging in the body.
To explore the effect of circ-0002133/miR-182/Bcl2L12 axis on cell apoptosis and the occurrence and development of hepatocellular carcinoma（HCC）and the intervention of gypenosides（GPs）.
The relevant data of liver cancer were obtained from TCGA database，and the difference analysis，survival analysis，gene expression and clinical correlation analysis of Bcl2 like protein 12（Bcl2L12）were performed. Circ-0002133miRNA and miR-182，which were associated with circAtlas and circRNADisease and were able to establish ceRNA networks with BCL2L12，were respectively predicted using miRanda and targetscan databases. The clinical specimens were verified by qRT-PCR. HepG2 hepatoma cells were then interfered with by GPs，the inhibition rate of GPs on HepG2 cells was detected by CCK-8 method，and the migration ability of HepG2 cells was observed by scratch test. The mRNA expressions of Caspase-3，Caspase-7 and Bcl2L12 were detected by qRT-PCR. The expressions of Caspase-7，Caspase-3 and Bcl2L12 were detected by Western Blot.
The results of TCGA database showed that the expression of Bcl2L12 was significantly increased in LIHCtissues，and high Bcl2L12 was associated with abnormal age，sex and TNM stage. The survival time of high Bcl2L12 HCC patients was shorter than that of low Bcl2L12 HCC patients. Compared with paracuncinoma group，circ-0002133 mRNA decreased（P<0.01），while miR-182 and Bcl2L12 mRNA increased（P<0.01）. The scratch test results showed that compared with the control group，GPs group had obvious inhibitory effect on HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Compared with those of the control group，the mRNA levels of Caspase-7 and Caspase-3 in GPs group were increased（P<0.01），and the mRNA levels of Bcl2L12 were decreased（P<0.01）. Compared with those of the control group，the protein levels of Caspase-7 and Caspase-3 in GPs group were increased（P<0.01），and the protein levels of Bcl2L12 were decreased（P<0.01）.
GPs can inhibit the proliferation of hepatoma cells，and the mechanism of action may be related to the apoptosis pathway mediated by circ-0002133/miR-182/Bcl2L12 axis.
To study the efficacy and safety of Mongolian prescription in the treatment of ulcerative colitis with different physical characteristics of Mongolian medicine.
Sixty patients diagnosed with ulcerative colitis were selected from the Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities. According to different treatment methods，30 patients in the control group were treated with western medicine，and the other 30 patients in the study group were treated with Mongolian medicine. The clinical efficacy，main syndrome and secondary syndrome scores，inflammatory factor levels，recurrence rate and adverse reaction rate of two groups were observed and compared.
The total effective rate of the study group was 93.33%（28/30），higher than that of the control group. The recurrence rate of the study group was 6.67%（2/30），lower than that of the control group（33.33%，10/30）. The total incidence of adverse reactions（6.67%，2/30）was lower than that of the control group（30.00%，9/30）. The difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）. After treatment，compared with those of the control group，the main syndrome scores in the study group were lower，and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）. After treatment，compared with those of the control group，the secondary syndrome scores in the study group were lower，and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）. After treatment，the levels of C-reactive protein（CRP），tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α）and interleukin-6（IL-6）in the study group were lower than those in the control group，and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）.
After taking Mongolian medicine to treat ulcerative colitis patients with different syndromes，the therapeutic effect is good. It can effectively reduce the clinical symptoms and promote the recovery of patients，and has high clinical application value.
To explore the clinical effect of Shenqi Erzhi Prescription（参芪二至方）combined with tacrolimus in the treatment of immunoglobulin A（IgA）nephropathy.
In this study，144 patients with IgA nephropathy（admitted from April 2020 to June 2023）were divided into Western medicine group（72 cases，tacrolimus）and comibined traditional Chinese medicine group（72 cases，Shenqi Erzhi Prescription combined with tacrolimus）. Two cases fell off during the treatment. Three cases fell off in the Western medicine group，and the data of each group was observed，including the treatment effect，the changes of TCM syndrome scores（thirst and drinking，shortness of breath，fatigue，dysphoria in chestpalms-soles，spontaneous sweating，etc.），the levels of blood creatinine（SCr），blood urea nitrogen（BUN），24 h urinary protein quantitative changes，complement C3 and IgA，interleukin-6（IL-6）and interleukin-17（IL-17）and other indexes changes before and after treatment in each group and adverse reactions.
The total effective rate of the comibined traditional Chinese medicine group was significantly higher than that of Western medicine group（P<0.05）. Before treatment，TCM syndrome scores，renal function related indexes（SCr，BUN，24 h urinary protein quantitative），the levels of complement C3，IgA，IL-6 and IL-17 were not significant in two groups（P>0.05）. After treatment，TCM syndrome scores，renal function related indexes（SCr，BUN，24 h urinary protein quantitative），the levels of IgA，IL-6 and IL-17 were significantly decreased in two groups，and complement C3 was increased. And these results were all lower in the comibined traditional Chinese medicine group than those in the Western group，and the complement C3 index was higher than that in the Western group（P<0.05）. The rate of adverse reactions in the comibined traditional Chinese medicine group was lower than that in the Western medicine group（P<0.05）.
Shenqi Erzhi Prescription combined with tacrolimus has a significant effect in the treatment of IgA nephropathy，with improved clinical symptoms，renal function and immune function，less adverse reactions，and it is a safe and reliable treatment.
Professor ZHAN Libin is good at treating malignant tumors，many of which are rare malignant tumors. In view of the current clinical diagnosis and treatment status of rare malignant tumors，such as the lack of standard treatment plans and guidelines，difficult diagnosis，long course of disease and complex pathogenesis，Professor ZHAN Libin has proposed the syndrome differentiation principle and the diagnosis and treatment mode of“segment and stage”. This article explored and introduced the connotation of Professor ZHAN Libin's academic thoughts on the diagnosis and treatment of rare malignant tumors，and shared a classic clinical medical case in order to provide ideas and references for the TCM treatment of this disease.
Primary immune thrombocytopenia（ITP）is an autoimmune disorder characterized by abnormal immune function. It is categorized as“purpura”or“blood syndrome”in traditional Chinese medicine. According to the etiology and pathogenesis of ITP，the effective treatments for ITP have been explored from the analysis of benefiting Qi，nourishing blood and eliminating blood stasis to provide new ideas for the treatment of immune diseases. In this paper，it explored the effect of Th17/Treg cell balance on the development of ITPin children，which involved dysregulation of immune cell balance，especially the abnormal function of Th17 and Treg cells. Th17 cells are usually associated with pro-inflammatory responses，while Treg cells have anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive functions to maintain autoimmune tolerance.TCM not only improves blood circulation through nourishing blood and dredging collateral method，but also may restore the balance of Th17/Treg cells by regulating the cytokine environment，promoting Treg cell function and inhibiting Th17 cell activity. The clinical treatment of ITP in children with TCM comprehensively regulates the internal environment and controls the development of the disease by integrating the methods of benefiting Qi，nourishing blood and resolving blood stasis and dredging collaterals，emphasizing symptomatic treatment and examining the syndrome to find the cause，especially in the case of mixed of deficiency and excess，which need to be treated in a balanced manner. This article summarized the treatment of ITPin children and Th17/Treg cell balance with the TCM method of nourishing blood and dredging collaterals，and analyzed the effects of TCM method of nourishing blood and dredging collaterals on ITP in children and Th17/Treg cell balance from the perspectives of Th17/Treg cell and ITPin children，nourishing blood and dredging collaterals in ITP in children，and nourishing blood and dredging collaterals in ITP in children and Th17/Treg cell balance. At the same time，it summarized the relevant progress of TCM intervention therapy and provided new ideas for the analysis of the complex mechanism of TCM therapeutic intervention in ITP in children.
The theory of“depression and toxin leading to deficiency”holds that the pathological products such as dampness，phlegm，heat and blood stasis caused by excessive anger and depression，Qi stagnation，impaired Zang-Fu function，imbalance of internal environment of the body and metabolic disorder of Qi，blood and body fluid are the initiating factors of carcinogenesis. The key pathogenesis of the occurrence and development of breast cancer is“depression-toxin intertwining，spread of cancer toxin，deficiency caused by cancer，and mutual injury of deficiency and toxin”.“Multi-cause intersection and transformation of cancer toxin”is the core driver of breast cancer. Under the background of modern medicine，“heat toxin injuring Yin essence”，“toxin impairing Qi and blood”and“deficiency fire stagnating heat”are the main pathogenesis evolution of breast cancer radiotherapy，chemotherapy and endocrine therapy，respectively.“Driving away pathological factors and leaving body deficiency”and“residual toxin flowing”are closely related to breast cancer surgery and recurrence and metastasis，respectively. Professor LIU Caigang，in view of the complex pathogenesis of“depression and toxin leading to deficiency”of breast cancer and the complications after modern medical intervention，adopted the modern research and development checkpoint therapeutic target database（CKTTD），combined with the theory of traditional Chinese medicine，explored the advantages of anti-cancer traditional Chinese medicine，and carried out the research of traditional Chinese and Western medicine around cancer-related fatigue，chemotherapy resistance，macroscopically adjusting the body's healthy Qi deficiency and depression and microscopically treating the target of cancer toxins. Several medical institutions represented by Shenbailing Granules（参百灵颗粒）have been developed，and a series of large-sample，multi-center，randomized controlled studies have been carried out to form an“efficient，low-toxic，individualized”breast cancer diagnosis and treatment strategy.
Based on the theory that“heart is corresponding to small intestine”，to explore the mechanism of Qingzhi Tongmai Formula（清脂通脉方）in preventing and treating atherosclerosis.
Thirty-two male ApoE-/-mice were randomly divided into model group，Qingzhi Tongmai Formula optimal dose group 1，Qingzhi Tongmai granules optimal dose group 2 and western medicine control group. The normal control group consisted of 8 male C57BL/6Jmice. Model group，traditional Chinese medicine intervention groups and western medicine group were fed with high-fat diet，while the normal control group was fed the ordinary diet. After 12 weeks feeding，the Chinese medicine intervention groups were given the optimal dose of Qingzhi Tongmai Formula by gavage，and Lipitor was the control drug of western medicine. At the 12th week，the fresh fecal samples of mice were collected，and 16S rRNA gene sequencing technology was used to analyze the intestinal flora of fecal samples from each group.
Intestinal flora 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that the intestinal flora of mice in each group was mainly composed of Firmicutes，Bacteroides，Proteobacteria，TM7，verrucobacteria，actinobacteria，ferricobacteria，Leucoticus，Chloromycetes and chloromycetes. There were differences in Lactobacillus，heterobacillus，Vibrio desulphurificus，Staphylococcus，Turingbacillus，Spirillum fibrillans，Anderkeria，rumen coccus，Bacteroides and other bacteria. The dominant Bacteroidetes in the normal group were Bacteroidetes at the phylum level，and their average relative abundance was 65%. At the phylum level，the dominant Bacteroidetes in the model group were Bacteroidetes with an average relative abundance of 50%. Firmicutes were the dominant bacteria in samples of Qingzhi Tongmai Formula groups at the phylum level，and their average relative abundance was 56% and 65%，respectively. The dominant bacteria in the samples of Lipitor group at the phylum level were Firmicutes，with an average relative abundance of 65%. According to the results of comparison of taxonomic species composition and relative abundance of each phylum，the dominant bacteria were similar in each group，but the abundance proportion of species changed.
Qingzhi Tongmai Formula can affect the species composition，structure and diversity of intestinal flora by improving the composition of microflora，and maintain the homeostasis of intestinal flora，and plays a role in the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis.
To study the mechanism of Sishen Pill（四神丸）in regulating immune balance and secreting inflammatory cytokines through Th17/Treg signaling pathway in the treatment of ulcerative colitis.
A total of 104 patients with ulcerative colitis diagnosed and treated in the hospital from August 2022 to July 2023 were selected and divided into two groups according to the random number table method，with 52 cases in each group. The patients in the control group were routinely treated with Mesalazine，and the observation group was treated with Sishen Pill on the basis of the control group. After 12 weeks of treatment，the efficacy，disease activity index score，immune indexes（Treg cell ratio，Th17 cell ratio and Th17/Treg value），inflammatory cytokines［interleukin（IL）-2，IL-6，IL-10，IL-17］and adverse reactions were observed and compared between the two groups
The markedly effective rate of the observation group was 86.54%（45/52），which was significantly higher than 69.23%（36/52）of the control group，and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant（P<0.05）. After treatment，the disease activity index scores of the two groups were significantly decreased，and the score of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group［（2.61±0.72）points vs（3.19±0.84）points］（P<0.05）. After treatment，the proportion of Treg cells in the two groups increased，the proportion of Th17 cells and Th17/Treg value decreased，and the indexes in the observation group were significantly better than those in the control group［（7.61±1.80）%，（6.35±0.41）%，（1.61±0.32）%vs（6.57±1.64）%，（7.67±0.52）%，（1.13±0.28）%］（P<0.05）. After treatment，the levels of IL-2，IL-6 and IL-17 in the two groups decreased，and the level of IL-10 increased. The above indexes in the observation group were significantly better than those in the control group［（5.39±1.13）pg/mL，（5.68±1.41）pg/mL，（53.82±5.20）pg/mL，（2.49±0.37）pg/mL vs（6.45±1.06）pg/mL，（6.62±1.70）pg/mL，（47.19±4.83）pg/mL，（2.98±0.30）pg/mL］（P<0.05）. No serious adverse reactions occurred in both groups.
By regulating the immune balance through Th17/Treg signaling pathway and regulating the secretion of inflammatory cytokines. Sishen Pills can significantly improve the symptoms of ulcerative colitis and play a higher therapeutic value.
Latent evil causes disease，waiting for the time to attack，lingering and hard to cure. Professor XU Luzhou believes that latent evil is closely related to the occurrence，development and outcome of autoimmune gastritis，and proposes that innate endowment insufficiency，latent evil and kidney deficiency are the main etiology of autoimmune gastritis，and spleen deficiency with endogenous latent evil is the key factor of its onset and progression. He emphasizes that the treatment should protect spleen and kidney from the beginning of the disease，using the“clearing and resolving”method as the basic treatment，focusing on promoting blood circulation and removing stasis to slow down the progression of the disease in order to prevent it from changing，and at the same time，the treatment should combine the modern means of gastroscopy，pathology and serology with the traditional Chinese medicine pathogenesis evolution and discrimination，and carry out a staged treatment，so as to accurately and efficiently diagnose and treat the autoimmune gastritis.
To investigate the inhibitory effect of Xianhecao（Agrimoniae Herba）extract on lung cancer cell A549 via ferroptosis and the mechanism.
The extract of Xianhecao（Agrimoniae Herba）（XHC）was prepared，and the cells were divided into control group（XHC 0 mg/mL），XHC 5 mg/mL group，XHC 10 mg/mL group and XHC 20 mg/mL group. The cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8 assay，and the cell clonogenic ability was detected by clonogenic assay. The levels of malondialdehyde（MDA），glutathione（GSH）and superoxide dismutase（SOD）in four groups of cells were detected by colorimetric assay，and the mRNA expression levels of NOX1，COX2，GPX4，FTH1 and SLCA11 were detected by RT-qPCR. The ferroptosis related proteins were detected by Western blot，and cellular ferrous ion contents were observed by fluorescence.
Compared with 0 mg/mL，different concentrations of XHCinhibited the proliferation ability of A549 cells in a concentration dependent manner. Clonogenic assay results showed that compared with those of the control group，the number and size of cell clumps formed by the clones from A549 cells treated with XHC decreased，and the clonogenic rate decreased（P<0.05）. In A549 cells treated with XHC，the contents of SOD and GSH significantly decreased，while MDA significantly increased（P<0.05）compared with the control cells. The mRNA and protein expression levels of NOX1 and COX2 were significantly increased in the groups treated with XHC，while those of GPX4，FTH1 and SLCA11 were significantly decreased（P<0.05）. Compared with that of the control group，the cellular Fe2＋fluorescence intensity was significantly enhanced in the XHCtreated groups（P<0.05）.
XHC inhibited proliferation and clonogenicity in lung cancer A549 cells in a concentration dependent manner，and the inhibitory mechanism of XHC is likely to be associated with ferroptosis.
This study aimed to screen the diagnostic biomarkers in the pathogenesis of sciatica and analyze the genes related to endoplasmic reticulum stress in the pathogenesis of sciatica.
The data of sciatica microarray was retrieved from Geo database，and the differentially expressed genes（DEGs）associated with endoplasmic reticulum stress were obtained by analyzing the intersection of DEGs and endoplasmic reticulum stress genes. The differentially expressed genes were enriched and analyzed，and the differentially expressed genes were analyzed by immune cell infiltration. The differentially expressed genes associated with immunity were further obtained by combining weighted gene coexpression network analysis. Key genes were screened by Lasso，xgboost and random forest methods to construct a diagnostic model and validate it. It objectively analyzed the correlation between endoplasmic reticulum stress related genes and diagnostic genes，and then predicted the Chinese medicine that can intervene the pathogenesis of sciatica and endoplasmic reticulum stress related genes.
A total of 286 DEGs were obtained by differential analysis，which were mainly concentrated in biological processes such as cell response to reactive oxygen species，cell response to chemical stress，immune receptor activity，oxidoreductase activity，as well as peroxisomeproliferater-activated receptor（PPAR）signaling pathway，phospholipase D signaling pathway，necrotic apoptosis and other signaling pathways. Immunoinfiltration analysis showed that regulatory T cells，follicular helper T cells and memory CD4 T cells were differentially expressed，which also showed that the above three kinds of immune cells played a certain role in the pathogenesis of sciatica.A total of 83 key module genes were obtained by WGCNA combined with immune infiltration analysis. Hub genes such as ZC3H15，RPL7，RPL26l1，TPT1，RPL22l1，RPS15A，RPS3A，RPL36A，RPS24 and RPL30 were obtained by PPI analysis. Four diagnostic genes such as KLF9，scarf1，CYP27A1 and CEBPA were screened by machine learning method，and the four diagnostic genes were correlated with the expression of hub gene. Finally，36 kinds of Chinese medicine that can regulate hub gene were predicted.
KLF9，SCARF1，CYP27A1 and CEBPA genes have diagnostic value for sciatica. Endoplasmic reticulum stress related genes play a certain role in the pathogenesis of sciatica. Quanxie（Scorpio），Yanjingshe（cobra），Ziheche（dried human placenta），Liuhuang（sulfur），Lurong（Cervi Cornu Pantotrichum）and other Chinese medicines may be potential drugs for the prevention and treatment of sciatica.
To observe the clinical efficacy of Modified Shaofu Zhuyu Decoction（少腹逐瘀汤加减）combined with progesterone in the treatment of postoperative pain in laparoscopic surgery for ovarian endometriosis.
A total of 100 patients with ovarian endometriosis who were treated in the obstetrics and gynecology department of the hospital from January 2022 to December 2023 were selected. The above patients were randomly divided into two groups，with 50 cases in each group. The control group was treated with progesterone，while the observation group was treated with Modified Shaofu Zhuyu Decoction in addition to that of the control group. The clinical efficacy，pain level，adverse reactions as well as changes in ovarian reserve function and hormone levels were compared before and after treatment between two groups.
The effective rate of the observation group（94.00%，47/50）was significantly better than that of the control group（80.00%，40/50），and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）. After 3 months of intervention and 6 months of follow-up，the visual analog scale（VAS）scores of dysmenorrhea，sexual intercourse pain and chronic pelvic pain in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group（P<0.01）. After intervention，the levels of follicle stimulating hormone（FSH），luteinizing hormone（LH）and estradiol（E2）in the observation group were significantly reduced compared to those in the control group（P<0.01）. After intervention，the ovarian volume of the observation group was significantly decreased compared to that of the control group，while the AFC number significantly increased（P<0.01）. The main adverse reactions of all patients during the intervention process were hot flashes，excessive sweating，headache and irregular vaginal bleeding，but the symptoms were mild. There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups（P>0.05）.
The combination of Shaofu Zhuyu Decoction and deinorgestrel has good clinical efficacy in the treatment of postoperative pain in patients with ovarian endometriosis undergoing laparoscopic surgery. It can significantly alleviate the clinical symptoms such as dysmenorrhea，sexual intercourse pain and chronic pelvic pain，regulate the hormone levels and improve the ovarian reserve function，making it suitable for clinical application.
To study the therapeutic effect of Duhuo Jisheng Decoction（独活寄生汤）combined with acupuncture on patients with rotator cuff injury after major joint adhesion lysis.
From November 2022 to June 2023，80 patients with rotator cuff injury after major joint adhesion lysis were selected and divided into two groups according to the random number table method，with 40 cases in each group. The patients in the control group were treated with postoperative exercise therapy，and those in the observation group were treated with Duhuo Jisheng Decoction combined with acupuncture on the basis of the control group. The course of treatment was 8 weeks. The overall efficacy，shoulder joint mobility（flexion，abduction，external rotation），shoulder joint Chinese version of Constant-Murley score，inflammatory factors［C-reactive protein（CRP），tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α），interleukin-6（IL-6）］were observed and compared between the two groups.
The total effective rate was 97.50%（39/40）in the observation group and 92.50%（37/40）in the control group. There was no significant difference between the two groups（P>0.05）. The effective rate of the observation group was 77.50%（31/40），which was significantly higher than that of the control group（52.50%，21/40）（P<0.05）. After treatment，the abduction and external rotation activity of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group［（45.84±5.46）°，（137.96±10.17）°vs（42.26±4.93）°，（129.33±11.48）°］（P<0.05）. The scores of pain，activities of daily living，range of motion and muscle strength in the Chinese version of Constant-Murley score of shoulder joint in the observation group were higher than those in the control group［（12.74±1.21）points，（17.03±2.16）points，（31.93±4.50）points，（21.60±3.08）points vs（11.63±1.82）points，（14.92±2.06）points，（27.80±3.44）points，（19.23±2.10）points］（P<0.05）. The levels of CRP，TNF-αand IL-6 in the observation group were lower than those in the control group［（9.92±1.45）mg/L，（16.08±3.70）ng/L，（10.33±2.10）μg/L vs（13.28±1.19）mg/L，（P<0.05）］.
Duhuo Jisheng Decoction combined with acupuncture has a satisfactory therapeutic effect on patients with rotator cuff injury after major joint adhesion lysis. It can reduce pain and inflammatory response，better promote the improvement of shoulder joint function，muscle strength and activity，and is conducive to the rehabilitation of patients.
To investigate the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine syndromes in patients with hemodialysis complicated with vascular calcification.
A total of 108 end-stage renal disease patients with vascular calcification treated with maintenance hemodialysis were selected，and a questionnaire survey and traditional Chinese medicine syndrome differentiation were conducted by a dedicated person.
All 108 patients were diagnosed as deficiency syndrome，102 patients（94.44%）can be identified as the combination of root deficiency syndrome and manifestation excess syndrome. This root deficiency syndrome was mainly characterized by Yang deficiency of spleen and kidney syndrome（42 cases，38.89%）. Secondly，there were Qi-Yin deficiency syndrome（30 cases，27.78%），Yin-Yang deficiency syndrome（18 cases，16.67%），Qi deficiency of spleen and kidney syndrome（12 cases，11.11%），and Yin deficiency of liver and kidney syndrome（6 cases，5.56%）. The manifestation excess syndrome was mainly characterized by blood stasis syndrome（42 cases，38.89%）. Secondly，there were damp-heat syndrome（33 cases，30.56%），damp-turbidity syndrome（20 cases，18.52%），water retention syndrome（4 cases，3.70%）and stirring wind syndrome（3 cases，2.78%）. The combined syndrome types of the manifestation excess syndrome：blood stasis syndrome was more common in Yang deficiency of spleen and kidney syndrome，Qi-Yin deficiency syndrome and Yin-Yang deficiency syndrome，while damp-heat syndrome and damp-turbidity syndrome were more common in Yang deficiency of spleen and kidney syndrome and Qi-Yin deficiency syndrome.stirring wind syndrome and water retention syndrome only appeared in patients with Qi-Yin deficiency syndrome and Yin-Yang deficiency syndrome. There were differences in the distribution of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome types among patients of different ages and dialysis ages，and the differences were statistically significant（P<0.05）. The patients aged more than 65 years old and with dialysis age more than 5 years with deficiency syndrome were more likely to experience Yang deficiency of spleen and kidney syndrome，followed by Qi-Yin deficiency syndrome，damp-heat syndrome was more common in excess syndrome，followed by damp-turbidity syndrome. The patients aged more than 65 years old and with dialysis age less than 5 years with deficiency syndrome were more likely to experience Qi-Yin deficiency syndrome，followed by Yang deficiency of spleen and kidney syndrome，damp-heat syndrome was more common in excess syndrome，followed by blood stasis syndrome. There was no statistical difference in the distribution of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome types among patients of different genders and primary diseases（P>0.05）.
The patients with hemodialysis complicated with vascular calcification merged with identified as the combination of root deficiency syndrome and manifestation excess syndrome. This root deficiency syndrome was mainly characterized by Yang deficiency of spleen and kidney syndrome. The manifestation excess syndromewas mainly characterized by blood stasis syndrome. Blood stasis syndrome was more common in Yang deficiency of spleen and kidney syndrome，Qi-Yin deficiency syndrome and Yin-Yang deficiency syndrome，while damp-heat syndrome and damp-turbidity syndrome were more common in Yang deficiency of spleen and kidney syndrome and Qi-Yin deficiency syndrome. Age and dialysis age can affect the distribution of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome types in patients.
To observe the effect of Youhua Kuijie Formula（优化溃结方）on phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and serthreonine protein kinase（PI3K/AKT）signaling pathway in colon tissues of rats with ulcerative colitis（UC）.
A rat UC model was constructed by applying trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid（2，4，6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid，TNBS），and was randomly divided into a blank group，a model group，an Youhua Kuijie Formula group，a salicylazosulfapyridine（SASP）group，and an Youhua Kuijie Formula＋SASP group. The concentration of the Youhua Kuijie Formula was 0.738 g/mL，and the concentration of SASPwas 0.024 g/mL. Except for the blank group and the model group，which were gavaged twice daily with 3 mL of distilled water，the other groups were gavaged with the corresponding drugs once in the morning and once in the evening. After successful modeling，the drugs were administered continuously for 21 days，and the morphology of the colon tissue of rats in each group was observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining（HE），the expression levels of IL-1βand IL-10 in the colon serum of rats in each group were detected by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay（ELISA），and the protein expression levels of PI3K，p-PI3K，AKT and p-AKT were detected by immunohistochemistry，and the expression levels of PI3K，p-PI3K，p-PI3K，AKT and p-PI3KT were detected by western blot（WB）in the colon.
Compared with those in the blank group，the colonic HE stained sections in the model group showed severe damage to the colonic mucosal structure，disordered arrangement，loss of crypt cells，inflammatory cells all over the mucosal muscularis layer，increased protein expressions of PI3K，p-PI3K，AKT and p-AKT（P<0.05），increased serum IL-1βcontent（P<0.05），and decreased IL-10 content（P<0.05）. Compared with those in the model group，PI3K，p-PI3K，AKT and p-AKT proteins and serum IL-1βcontents decreased（P<0.05）and IL-10 contents increased（P<0.05）in the Youhua Kuijie Formula group，the SASP group and Youhua Kuijie Formula＋SASP group，with the best effect in the Youhua Kuijie Formula＋SASPgroup.
Youhua Kuijie Formula may play a protective role by inhibiting PI3K/AKT signaling pathway，decreasing IL-1βsecretion and increasing IL-10 expression，which may improve the colonic injury，remodel the colonic structure and attenuate the inflammatory response in rats with ulcerative colitis.
To analyze the clinical efficacy of Dahuangqi Decoction（大黄芪汤）in the treatment of radioactive xerostomia in head and neck tumors.
Eighty-six patients with radioactive xerostomia in head and neck tumors treated in Bishan Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University from January 2022 to October 2023 were included as study objects. They were divided into two groups by random number table method. Forty-three patients in the control group received conventional treatment，and the other 43 patients in the observation group received Dahuangqi Decoction. The treatment effect，accumulated dose of different radiotherapy and the changes of salivary volume，dry mouth degree，salivary gland secretion index（ET），salivary amylase（AMS）and epidermal growth factor（EGF）after 3 and 6 months of radiotherapy were compared between the two groups.
The total effective rate of the observation group was 95.35%（41/43），which was much higher than that of the control group（74.72%，32/43），and the difference was significant（P<0.05）. The degree of dry mouth in the observation group was 44.19%（19/43）in grade 1 and 39.53%（17/43）in grade 2，higher than that in the control group［25.58%（11/43）and 18.60%（8/43）］，and 11.63%（5/43）and 4.65%（2/43）in grade 3 to 4，lower than that in the control group［34.88%（15/43）and 20.93%（9/43）］，with significant difference between two groups（P<0.05）. The static salivary secretion of 20 Gy，40 Gy，60 Gy and 10 min after 3 and 6 months after radiotherapy in the observation group was higher than that in the control group，and the anterior salivary gland secretion index after radiotherapy was also lower than that in the control group，and the difference between two groups was significant（P<0.05）. After treatment，the levels of EGFand AMSin the observation group were higher than those in the control group（P<0.05）.
In the treatment of radioactive xerostomia in head and neck tumors，Dahuangqi Decoction can promote the secretion of body fluid，improve the degree of dry mouth，regulate the levels of AMSand EGF，play a better protective role on the salivary glands in the wild，and improve the quality of life of patients.
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis（IPF）is a chronic and fibrotic lethal interstitial lung disease. There is no specific treatment except lung transplantation. Modern medical research shows that the pathogenesis of IPF can be discussed from the aspects of imbalance of coagulation-fibrinolysis system，platelet activation and pathological angiogenesis. According to the theory of traditional Chinese medicine（TCM），“blood stasis”runs through the course of IPF. Therefore，the method of promoting blood circulation for removing blood stasis is established as an important method for the treatment of IPF，and combined with the methods of benefiting Qi，nourishing Yin and dispelling phlegm，the research has found that the treatment of IPF from blood stasis has a definite therapeutic effect on IPF patients，which can effectively alleviate clinical symptoms and delay disease progression，and mainly plays an anti-pulmonary fibrosis role by improving the imbalance of coagulation-fibrinolysis system，intervening platelet activation，reducing angiogenesis and other multiple mechanisms. This article reviewed the understanding of“blood stasis”of IPF in TCM and modern medicine，the related treatment methods of IPF from blood stasis，and the modern biological mechanism of the treatment of IPF from blood stasis，so as to reveal the scientific connotation of the treatment of IPF from blood stasis and provide a new theoretical basis for enriching the TCM methods of treating blood stasis.
Cangzhu（Atractylodis Rhizoma）is a major traditional Chinese medicine commonly used in TCM clinical practice and has a long history of medicinal use. It has the effect of drying dampness and strengthening spleen，dispelling wind and dispelling cold，and brightening eyes. It is widely used in gastrointestinal diseases and rheumatic diseases，the clinical effect is remarkable. The main active ingredients are volatile oils，including atractyloketone，atractylotin，β-phylloalcohol and citronol. Atractylotin is one of the main efficacy components of Cangzhu（Atractylodis Rhizoma）. It is also an important index component for quality control of Cangzhu（Atractylodis Rhizoma）. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that atractylotin has anti-inflammatory，gastric emptying，anti-tumor，positive muscle strength，antibacterial，liver protection，heart protection，antioxidant activities. It has a wide range of anti-inflammatory effects and therapeutic effects on intestinal inflammation，arthritis，airway inflammation，pneumonia，etc. It can improve gastrointestinal function to strengthen spleen，inhibit the proliferation of bile duct cancer，liver cancer，breast cancer and lung cancer cells，and has significant antibacterial effect. The liver protection effect may be related to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities，and it also has protective effects on the heart and nervous system. Atractylotin has a wide range of pharmacological effects and great potential for development and application. With further research，more and more pharmacological mechanisms will be elucidated，which will play an important role in promoting the development and utilization of atractylotin. The pharmacological action and mechanism of atractylotin were summarized in order to provide reference for its clinical application and new drug development.
Traditional Chinese Medicine（TCM）has the unique advantages of multi-efficacy，multi-target and multieffect mechanism，and has a long history in anti-cancer and anti-tumor treatment. As the limitations of western medicine in the treatment of cancer continue to highlight，the monomer and compound active ingredients of TCM have been widely concerned in the field of biomolecular and pharmacological research. More and more research evidence shows that the flavonoids of TCM have more aspects，more ways and significant anti-hepatoma effect. It mainly plays an anti-hepatoma effect by regulating the apoptosis and autophagy of liver cancer cells，inhibiting the invasion and migration of liver cancer cells，anti-angiogenesis of liver cancer cells，regulating the cell cycle arrest of liver cancer cells and reshaping the microenvironment of immunosuppressed liver cancer cells. This article systematically reviewed the domestic and foreign literature on the anti-hepatocellular carcinoma mechanism of flavonoids in TCM，and expounded the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase（PI3K）/protein kinase B（AKT）/mammalian target of rapamycin（mTOR）signaling pathway，Janus kinase（JAK）/signal transducer and activator of transcription（STAT）signaling pathway and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway involved in the proliferation，invasion，migration，transcription，drug resistance and other effects of liver cancer，in order to provide a theoretical basis for the treatment of liver cancer by flavonoids in TCM. Clarifying the multiple pharmacological mechanisms of active ingredients in TCM can provide new thinking and opportunities for cancer treatment strategies and new drug development，and bring benefits to more clinical cancer patients.
To study the changes in metabolites in platelets of a rat model of Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome using metabolomics methods and further elucidate the intervention effect of Buyang Huanwu Decoction（补阳还五汤，BYHWD）on Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome.
Thirty Sprague dawley（SD）rats were randomly divided into the normal，model and BYHWD groups. The model group established a sleep deprivation model through a multi-platform sleep deprivation system in the water environment. The BYHWD group was administered for two weeks after successful modeling，with sleep deprivation added simultaneously. The administration group was orally administered BYHWD at a clinical dose of 13 g· kg-1，while the normal and model groups were orally administered an equal amount of distilled water once a day at the same time for 14 consecutive days. The construction of a comprehensive evaluation model and platelet function were evaluated from the perspectives of grip，coagulation function，platelet morphology，aggregation rate and CD62P（P-Selectin）expression rate. The metabolomics analysis of endogenous metabolites in rat platelets was carried out by using Ultra-high Performance Liquid Chromatography with Quadrupole Time-of-flight Mass Spectrometry（UPLC-Q-TOF-MS）. The detection conditions were reverse phase chromatography column（RPLC）and Hydrophilic Interaction Chromatography（HILIC）chromatographic column，mobile phase 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution（A）-0.1% formic acid acetonitrile solution（B）gradient elution，flow rate 0.3 mL· min-1，electric spray ion source（ESI），positive and negative ion mode detection，scanning range m/z50-1000. The multivariate statistical analysis was used to screen the inter-group differential ions and match fragment ion information with databases such as the Human Metabolome Database（HMDB）to identify biomarkers. The biological information of metabolites was obtained through the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes（KEGG）database，and their related metabolic pathways were analyzed using MetaboAnalyst 5.0 software.
Study showed that compared with that of the normal group，the grip of the model group decreased（P<0.01），and BYHWD significantly increased the grip compared to the model group（P<0.01）. Compared with that of the normal group，the activated partial thromboplastin time（APTT）of coagulation function in the model group decreased（P<0.01），while the thrombin time（TT）increased（P<0.05）and the level of fibrinogen（FIB）increased（P<0.05）. Compared with those of the model group，the APTT in the BYHWD group significantly increased（P<0.01），while FIB level decreased（P<0.05）. Compared with those of the normal group，the maximum platelet aggregation rate（MAR）and average platelet aggregation rate（AAR）of the model group rats were significantly increased（P<0.01）. Compared with those of the model group，the MAR and AAR of platelets in the BYHWD group were significantly reduced，with varying degrees of difference（P<0.01，P<0.05）. Compared with that of the normal group，the expression of platelet CD62Pin the model group was significantly increased（P<0.05），and the BYHWD group could significantly reduce the expression rate of platelet CD62P（P<0.05）. The scanning electron microscopy results showed that compared with the normal group，the model group showed excessive platelet activation，significant pseudopodia extension and increased aggregation between platelets. Compared with the model group，the BYHWD group had fewer platelet activation and aggregation phenomena. The metabolomics results showed that the platelet metabolism of the rat model with Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome was disrupted，resulting in 95 significantly different metabolites. The main differential metabolites were concentrated in fatty acids，amino acids，phosphatidylcholine，lysophosphatidylcholine，nucleotides，etc. The intervention effect of BYHWD on Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome was mainly reflected in the regulation of metabolic pathways such as lipid metabolism，amino acid metabolism，nucleic acid metabolism and energy metabolism.
Study preliminarily reveals the metabolomics characteristics of platelets in rats with Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome and provides a basis for the mechanism of action of BYHWD on platelets in the intervention of Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome.
This paper summarized the clinical experience of Professor LIANG Fanrong in treating angina pectoris of coronary heart disease by combining acupuncture and medicine from the perspectives of“spirit，phlegm，blood stasis and deficiency”. According to the clinical symptoms of chest congestion，wheezing and inability to lie down，and even heartache involving back，back pain involving heart，and the theoretical basis of heart governing blood，heart governing spirit，and prolonged illness damaging Qi，combined with long-term clinical experience，Professor LIANG Fanrong believes that spirit disturbance，phlegm turbidity，blood stasis and positive Qi deficiency are the four major pathogenesis of coronary heart disease angina pectoris. These can cause disease either alone or in combination. And Professor LIANG Fanrong has put forward the four principles of combining acupuncture and medicine to treat spirit，phlegm，blood stasis and deficiency. Professor LIANGFanrong's clinical study has found that Neiguan（PC6）and Tongli（HT5）are obviously“activated”due to pathological changes in patients with angina pectoris，so the two are identified as the sensitizing acupoints of angina pectoris，and Jiaji acupoints（EX-B2）become the main acupoints together. Professor LIANG Fanrong stresses that in the course of treatment，the attention should be paid to the adjustment of body with medicine，the adjustment of Qi with acupuncture，the combination of acupuncture and medicine，and the harmonization of body and Qi，so as to achieve the purpose of treating both symptoms and root causes，controlling the disease and alleviating the recurrence.
Liver cancer is one of the most common clinical oncological diseases. Its incidence and fatality rate are in the forefront of all cancers. In addition，most cases of liver cancer in China are initially diagnosed in late stage，which is difficult to treat，with high recurrence and metastasis rate and poor prognosis. Modern medicine has surgical operation，interventional therapy，chemoradiotherapy，targeted therapy，immunotherapy and other means in the treatment of liver cancer. The curative effect is accurate，but there are many limitations such as side effects，poor compliance and high drug resistance. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that the occurrence of liver cancer is related to dampness，heat，phlegm，toxin，blood stasis，deficiency and other pathological factors. The disease is characterized by positive deficiency and evil excess，and the treatment is based on syndrome differentiation and treatment，with one prescription for one patient，which can effectively improve the quality of life and prolong the survival period of patients. Xiaochaihu Decoction（小柴胡汤）is a classic prescription for the treatment of liver cancer recorded in Treatise on Febrile Diseases，with the effect of reconciling Shaoyang，soothing liver and strengthening spleen. In recent years，many studies have found that it has a good therapeutic effect on liver cancer. In clinical studies，Xiaochaihu Decoction can improve the curative effect of surgery，promote postoperative recovery，improve the adverse reactions of radiotherapy and chemotherapy，treat complications such as cancerous fever and prevent liver cancer. In terms of basic research，the mechanism of Xiaochaihu Decoction in the treatment of liver cancer may be related to promoting mitochondrial apoptosis，blocking cell cycle，reversing chemotherapy resistance，improving immune function and antioxidant effect. This paper mainly discussed the treatment of liver cancer by Xiaochaihu Decoction from three aspects，including basic prescription theory，clinical research and basic research，aiming to further study the new progress of Xiaochaihu Decoction in the treatment of liver cancer and provide a broader idea for clinical diagnosis and treatment.
Modern studies have shown that immune cells play an important role in the occurrence and development of ischemic stroke（IS）. Currently，the intrinsic mechanism of the theory of positive Qi-evil in traditional Chinese medicine（TCM）has not been elucidated yet，and a number of studies have suggested that immune cell-mediated immune homeostasis may be one of the important mechanisms of the theory of positive Qi-evil in TCM. In this paper，it used Mendelian randomization（MR）analysis to verify the causal relationship of immune cells on ISand further explored the intrinsic mechanism of the theory of positive Qi-evil.
Based on publicly available genetic data，a two-sample MR analysis was performed using immune cells as instrumental variables to explore the causal relationship between 731 immune cell phenotypes and the risk of IS prevalence. The inverse variance weighting（IVW）method as the primary method was used as a standardized analysis，supplemented by the use of weighted median，MR-Egger，Simple mode and Weighted mode. Cochrans Q was used to test the heterogeneity，and MR-Egger intercept to test the test-level pleiotropy.
Eleven immune cell phenotypes were still found to be statistically significant（P<0.05 corrected for FDR）：among them CD27 on memory B cell，CD27 on sw mem，CD27 on CD24＋CD27＋，CD27 on IgD-CD38dim，CD27 on IgD-CD38-，CD27 on IgD-CD38br，CD25 on IgD＋and CD25 on IgD＋CD38dim play a dangerous role for IS；CD40 on CD14-CD16＋monocyte，CD40 on CD14＋CD16-monocyte and CD40 on CD14＋CD16＋monocyte play a protective role for IS. Eight of them were in the B-cell group and three in the monocyte group. It was significant with CD27 and CD25 on B cells and CD40 on monocytes.
This study confirmed that immune cells play a key role in ISby genetic means，providing some reference for elucidating the intrinsic mechanism of the theory of positive Qi-evil.
This paper highlighted the research status of medicinal insects in the treatment of heart diseases from both ancient literature and modern research. The research findings on the treatment of heart diseases with medicinal insects were sorted out from the ancient literature，and the current research status of the treatment of heart diseases with medicinal insects was summarized by etiology，pathogenesis，tendency of disease，indications and pharmacology. In particular，several problems，direction and trend of future research in the treatment of heart diseases with medicinal insects were pointed out. These two aspects provided reference for further in-depth research on the treatment of heart diseases with medicinal insects.
This study aimed to investigate the ameliorating effect of Qinjiao Wuwei Formula（秦艽五味方，QJF）on skin lesions in a mouse model of 2，4-dinitrofluorobenzene（DNFB）-induced atopic dermatitis（AD）-like mice and its mechanism.
The DNFB-induced mouse AD-like model was established，and the mice were randomly divided into blank control，model（DNFB），positive control（dexamethasone，DXMS）and QJF groups. The severity of skin lesions was evaluated using the Scoring Atopic Dermatitis Index（SCORAD），and the histomorphological changes and epidermal thickness of the lesions were observed under light microscopy. The number of mast cells was detected by toluidine blue staining，the expression of filaggrin（FLG）in skin lesions was detected by immunohistochemistry，and the expression of serum IgE was detected by ELISA. The proportion of Th1/Th2 cells in the spleen and lymph nodes，the proportion of Th17 cells in lymph nodes were tested by flow cytometry，and the differential expressions of inflammatory factors in serum were detected by high-throughput liquid-phase protein chip technology.
Compared with the model group，the QJFgroup had significantly reduced SCORAD scores and scratching index，thinner skin lesions，and a significant decrease in the number of mast cells in the lesions. The positive expression of FLG was restored，and the expression of IgE was reduced. The ratio of Th1/Th2 in the spleen and lymph nodes increased，while the proportion of Th17 cells in the lymph nodes was decreased. Furthermore，inflammatory cytokines in serum were all decreased after treatment with QJF，with the most significant regulatory effect on the expressions of Th2-related cytokines.
QJF can effectively improve the skin lesions of DNFB-induced AD-like mice while regulating the inflammatory response of Th2-related cytokines.
To observe the mechanism of electroacupuncture intervention on the activation of astrocytes in the hippocampal region of rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury and its effects on the expressions of reactive oxygen species（ROS），thioredoxin interacting protein（TXNIP）and nucleotidebinding oligomerization domain（NOD）-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3（NLRP3）.
Forty-eight adult male SD rats were randomly divided into sham surgery group，model group，ROSinhibitor group and electroacupuncture group，with 12 rats in each group. The cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury rat model was prepared using the traditional Koizumi suture method，and the rats were included or excluded according to the Longa scoring method. The sham surgery group only underwent the separation of the carotid artery. The inhibitor group received intragastric administration of the ROSinhibitor N-acetyl-L-cysteine solution for 10 days starting 3 days before modeling. The electroacupuncture group received intervention at Baihui（DU20），Yintang（DU29）and bilateral Zusanli（ST36）for 10 min per day for 7 days. Cylinder experiment was conducted to observe the recovery ofneurological function.TTC was used to detect the infarct area of the brain. The immunohistochemistry method was performed to detect the positive expression of GFAPin the hippocampal region.DHE fluorescence probe was used to detect ROScontent in the hippocampal region. Western blot was performed to detect the protein expressions of GFAP，TXNIP and NLRP3 in the hippocampal region，and immunofluorescence was used to determine the colocalization of TXNIPand NLRP3 in the hippocampal region.
Compared with the sham surgery group，the model group showed a significantly reduced asymmetry index，more severe neurological function damage（P<0.01），larger range of cerebral infarction area（P<0.01），increased expression and protein content of GFAP（P<0.01），less proliferation of astrocytes，weaker fiber protrusions of cell bodies，and significant increase in ROS，TXNIPand NLRP3（P<0.01）. Compared with the model group，the ROSinhibitor group and the electroacupuncture group showed higher asymmetry index，better recovery of neurological function（P<0.05，P<0.01），smaller range of cerebral infarction area（P<0.01），significantly increased expression and protein content of GFAP（P<0.01），increased activation of astrocyte proliferation，denser arrangement，increased degree of cell fiber protrusions，and decrease in the contents of ROS，TX-NIP and NLRP3（P<0.05，P<0.01），with the electroacupuncture group showing more significant effects than the inhibitor group.
Electroacupuncture intervention can restore neurological function damage in rats，which may be related to promoting the proliferation and activation of astrocytes，inhibiting the ROSTXNIP-NLRP3 signaling pathway，reducing oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions and exerting neuroprotective effects.
Dahuang（Rhubarb）is a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine in ancient and modern clinical practice. By consulting the works of past generations of herbal medicine，the author combed the historical evolution and processing functions of Dahuang（Rhubarb）in ancient literature and documents，summarized the inclusion of Dahuang（Rhubarb）processing methods in the pharmacopoeia standards and national and provincial Chinese medicine processing specifications，and the modern research results of Dahuang（Rhubarb）processing technology，the influence of processing on chemical composition and pharmacological effects. It was found that there were many ancient processing methods，including purification，cutting，cannon roasting，wine processing（wine washing，wine immersion，wine steaming，wine stirring，wine simmering），honey processing，stir-frying，vinegar processing（vinegar decoction，vinegar steaming，vinegar simmering，vinegar boiling），simmering，children's urine processing，medicinal juice processing，swilling water processing，crisping and ginger production；the common modern processing methods are mainly purification，wine roasting，wine stewing or wine steaming，and stir-frying charcoal，significantly reduced compared with those in the ancient times. This article provided the reference for further research on the processing of Dahuang（Rhubarb）and the development of clinical processed products.
Parkinson's disease is a common neurodegenerative disease. Its incidence and mortality rates are increasing year by year. It has a great impact on the life of patients and a great burden on society. However，there is a lack of effective therapeutic drugs. Huanglian（Coptidis Rhizoma）is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine with a history of over two thousand years. It contains various active ingredients such as alkaloids，lignans，flavonoids，acidic components，etc. It has a multi-signal，multitarget and multi-pathway neuroprotective effect，such as anti-inflammatory，antioxidant stress，mitochondrial protection and other pharmacological effects. Huanglian（Coptidis Rhizoma）has shown good application prospects in neurodegenerative diseases such as cerebral ischemic injury，Alzheimer's disease，Parkinson's disease，Huntington's disease，epilepsy，etc. Huanglian（Coptidis Rhizoma）and its effective component，berberine，may exert neuroprotective effects through mechanisms such as antioxidant stress，mitochondrial protection，inhibition of neuroinflammation and inhibition of cell apoptosis. This article summarized the current research status of Parkinson's disease，the theoretical role of Huanglian（Coptidis Rhizoma）in preventing and treating Parkinson's disease，and the research progress of berberine in protecting dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra of the brain，providing a theoretical basis for Huanglian（Coptidis Rhizoma）in the clinical prevention and treatment of Parkinson's disease.
To observe the effects of Shenling Baizhu Powder（参苓白术散，SLBZP）and its separated components on glucose and lipid metabolism in obese type 2 diabetes mellitus（T2DM）rats induced by high-fat diet（HFD）combined with low-dose streptozotocin（STZ），so as to obtain the best effective part of SLBZP to improve obese T2DM，and to clarify the main material basis of SLBZP to treat T2DM with“sweet drugs”.
The obese T2DM rats were treated with SLBZP，its split components and liraglutide. The body weight，abdominal circumference，food intake，water intake and fasting blood glucose of rats were measured regularly，and oral glucose tolerance test（OGTT），insulin tolerance test（ITT）and pyruvate tolerance test（PTT）were performed after administration. Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance index（HOMA-IR），homeostasis model assessment ofβ-cell（HOMA-β），insulin sensitivity index（ISI），quantitative insulin sensitivity check index（QUICKI）and other parameters were calculated. At the end of the study，the serum and pancreatic tissue were collected for biochemical and pathological analysis.
The obese T2DM animal model was successfully established by HFD＋STZ.SLBZP and its split components can reduce the weight and abdominal circumference of obese T2DM rats，alleviate the phenotype of polyphagia and polydipsia in obese T2DM rats，and regulate lipid metabolism. It can reduce fasting blood glucose，improve glucose tolerance，insulin tolerance and pyruvate tolerance，islet morphology and function，and regulate glucose metabolism in obese T2DM rats.
SLBZPand its separated components can effectively improve obese T2DM，regulate the disorder of glucose and lipid metabolism，and repair the pathological damage of pancreas. Polysaccharide of SLBZP is the best effective part to improve obese T2DM. The polysaccharides faction，70% ethanol fraction and water eluted fraction of SLBZPare the main material basis of the“sweet”taste of SLBZP，which together play the role of SLBZPin improving obese T2DM.
Duhuo（Angelicae Pubescentis Radix）is a classic wind-dampness eliminating medicine with outstanding efficacy of eliminating wind-dampness and relieving paralysis and pain，which is widely used in the treatment of bone diseases. However，there are many varieties of Duhuo（Angelicae Pubescentis Radix）and its efficacy varies greatly，so the effectiveness of clinical use of the drug cannot be guaranteed. Standardizing the quality of Chinese herbal medicines is the basis for ensuring the safety and effectiveness of the clinical use of Duhuo（Angelicae Pubescentis Radix）. In this paper，it reviewed the current status of quality control of Duhuo（Angelicae Pubescentis Radix），pointed out the inadequacy of only using the contents of serpentin and dihydroparsinol angelic acid ester as the quality control standard，and at the same time，combined with the core concept of Quality Marker（Q-Marker），it predicted the Q-Marker from the aspects of phytopharmacology，chemical constituent peculiarities，traditional medicinal properties，the measurability of the chemical constituents，different compounding environments，different harvesting periods and preparation methods and new efficacies. The Q-Marker was used to predict the efficacy of Duhuo（Angelicae Pubescentis Radix）. The results revealed that the coumarin-like components，such as serpentin，dihydroeucalyptol angelate，isoeucalyptol，citronellolide，psoralen，eucalyptol and scopoletin，and volatile oils，such as eucalyptol methyl ether，α-myrcene alcohol，2-（diethylaminophenylmethyl）cyclohexyl alcohol，β-hydroxycaryophyllene，angelicin A and angelicin G could be used as the Q-Markers of Duhuo（Angelicae Pubescentis Radix），which provided a reference basis to set up a comprehensive and perfect quality control system for Duhuo（Angelicae Pubescentis Radix）.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease（COPD）in a stable stage complicated with pulmonary hypertension（PH）is a common comorbidity. It is a progressive disease and a key factor in the development of chronic pulmonary heart disease. Traditional Chinese medicine treatment offers unique advantages such as multiple levels，multiple targets and lower side effects. The stable stage is crucial for the prognosis of the disease. The method of“simultaneous treatment of heart and lung”was first created by ZHANG Zhongjing. The academic thought of“integration of heart and lung”was proposed by CHENG Songya by inheriting the experience of predecessors.“Simultaneous treatment of lung and heart”embodies“the integration of heart and lung”，which has profound ideas of addressing symptoms and root causes and preventing the disease from progressing. This paper is based on the physiological basis that the lung and heart are connected by the channel and“Qi and blood”；the lung and heart are located in the upper energizer and correspond to Yin and Yang；the lung and heart are maintained by Zongqi and associated with Ying and Wei. Clarifying the core pathogenesis of COPD complicated with PH involves the deficiency of lung and heart，endogenous phlegm and stasis. Treatment methods such as harmonizing the essence of Qi and blood，warming the movement of Yangqi，and cultivating and benefiting Zongqi，which are based the theory of“three talents of heaven-earth-man”and used to provide ideas and references for the clinical diagnosis and treatment process.
To explore the effect of Yishen Huayu Recipe（益肾化瘀方）combined with bioelectric stimulation on preventing recurrence after hysteroscopic intrauterine adhesion separation.
A total of 148 patients with severe intrauterine adhesions（admitted from June 2020 to June 2023）were included in the study and divided into observation group and control group by random number table method，with 74 cases in each group. The patients in the control group were treated with hysteroscopic intrauterine adhesions separation combined with simulated bioelectric stimulation. Those in the observation group were treated with Yishen Huayu Recipe on the basis of the treatment of patients in the control group. During the treatment，2 cases fell off in the control group and 3 cases fell off in the observation group. The data of each group was observed，including the efficacy，the postoperative complications，the total scores of TCM symptoms and uterine adhesion scores before and after treatment，uterine volume and endometrial thickness，pulse index（PI）and vascular resistance index（RI）before and after treatment，Pictorial Blood Loss Assessment Chart（PBAC）scores before surgery，1 and 2 months after surgery，recurrence rate of uterine adhesion and successful pregnancy rate 6 months after surgery.
The treatment effect of the observation group was better than that of the control group，and the postoperative complication rate was lower than that of the control group（P<0.05）. After treatment，the total scores of TCM symptoms，uterine adhesion score，uterine volume and endometrial thickness，PI and RI were improved in both groups，and the total scores of TCM symptoms，uterine adhesion score，uterine volume and endometrial thickness，PI and RI in the observation group were better than those in the control group（P<0.05）. The PBAC score of the observation group 1 and 2 months after operation was better than that of the control group（P<0.05）. The recurrence rate of intrauterine adhesions in the observation group was lower than that in the control group 6 months after operation，and the successful pregnancy rate was higher than that in the control group（P<0.05）.
Yishen Huayu Recipe combined with bioelectric stimulation can better improve the surgical effect of hysteroscopic intrauterine adhesion separation，prevent the recurrence of intrauterine adhesion，improve the clinical symptoms and uterine conditions of the patients，reduce the postoperative complications and increase the successful pregnancy rate，which is worthy of application.
To evaluate the application of Guizhi Longgu Muli Decoction（桂枝龙骨牡蛎汤）combined with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease（COPD）with anxiety and depression.
A prospective study was conducted to select 98 COPD patients with anxiety and depression who received a systematic diagnosis and treatment plan，and to cooperate in completing the follow-up process. According to the random number table method，the patients were divided into two groups，with 49 cases in each group. The control group received repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation and continued to take it for 8 weeks. The observation group was given Guizhi Longgu Muli Decoction combined with repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation for 8 weeks. The clinical efficacy and adverse reactions were evaluated. The levels of interleukin-1β（IL-1β），interleukin-6（IL-6），C-reactive protein（CRP），self rating anxiety scale（SAS），self rating depression scale（SDS）before and after 8 weeks of treatment were compared.
The clinical efficacy of the control group was lower than that of the observation group，and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）. The levels of serum IL-1β，IL-6 and CRP in the control group after 8 weeks of treatment in the observation group［（32.81±5.80）ng/mL，（20.15±3.56）ng/mL，（8.46±2.15）mg/L］were higher than those in the observation group［（28.63±5.47）ng/mL，（14.08±3.12）ng/mL，（5.13±1.86）mg/L］，with statistical significance（P<0.05）. After 8 weeks of treatment，the SAS score［（49.81±1.63）points］and SDSscore［（52.10±1.22）points］in the control group were higher than those in the observation group［（48.42±1.56）points］and［（50.06±1.16）points］，with statistical significance（P<0.05）. There was no statistically significant difference in total adverse reactions between the two groups（P>0.05）.
Guizhi Longgu Muli Decoction combined with repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation can improve the symptoms of anxiety and depression in COPD patients with anxiety and depression，reduce inflammatory reaction，and has high safety.
To investigate the effects of Danhong Injection（丹红注射液）and levosimendan on the levels of n-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide（NT-proBNP），troponin I（cTnI）and hemodynamics in patients with septic cardiomyopathy.
A total of 85 patients with septic cardiomyopathy from January 2018 to October 2018 2023 divided into Group A（42 cases，treated with levosimendan）and Group B（43 cases，treated with Danhong Injection and levosimendan）according to different treatment methods，both groups were treated for two courses. The levels of NT-proBNPand cTnI were compared between the two groups before and after treatment，the hemodynamics indexes，cardiac function indexes and the levels of miR-133a，miR-499a-5p and miR-21-3 before and 24 h，48 h and 72 h after treatment were compared between the two groups.
After treatment，the levels of NT-proBNPand cTnI in both groups were lower than those before treatment，and the levels of NT-proBNP and cTnI in Group B were lower than those in group A after treatment. The TCM syndrome scores of main symptoms and secondary symptoms in both groups decreased，and the above scores in Group B were lower than those in group A. At different time points after treatment，the heart rate（HR）of patients in group B decreased compared to group A. With the prolongation of treatment time，HR decreased and mean arterial pressure（MAP）increased in both groups，left ventricular ejection fraction（LVEF）increased in both groups at different time points after treatment，the level of LVEF at 72 h in Group B was higher than that in Group A，and left ventricular end diastolic diameter（LVEDD）was higher in both groups at different time points after treatment than that before treatment. After treatment，the levels of miR-133A，miR-499a-5p and miR-21-3 in both groups were significantly lower than those before treatment，the above indexes in Group B were lower than those in Group A（all P<0.05）.
Danhong Injection combined with levosimendan in the treatment of patients with septic cardiomyopathy can effectively relieve the clinical symptoms，reduce the degree of myocardial damage and decrease the expression levels of miRNAs，help to improve hemodynamics indicators.
To observe the clinical efficacy of fire needle combined with cold stimulation of pharynx for the treatment of oropharyngeal dysphagia after stroke.
Eighty patients with oropharyngeal dysphagia after stroke who were admitted to the hospital from February 2020 to May 2023 were selected and randomly divided into cold stimulation group（40 cases，routine treatment＋cold stimulation）and fire needle group（40 cases，cold stimulation＋fire needle）by computer random number generator. The scores of TCM syndrome，swallowing function grade，swallowing function score，quality of life and nutritional status were compared before and after treatment in both groups. The clinical efficacy and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.
After treatment，the scores of dysphagia，limb hemiplegia，tongue stiffness，dysarthria and total score，the percentage of swallowing function gradeⅢ，and the nutritional risk screening 2002 scale（NRS-2002）score in the fire needle group were lower than those in the cold stimulation group（P<0.05），while the percentage of swallowing function gradeⅠandⅡ，the swallowing function score and the swallowing disorder specific quality of life scale（SWAL-QOL）score in the fire needle group were higher than those in the cold stimulation group（P<0.05）. The total effective rate in the fire needle group was higher than that in the cold stimulation group（P<0.05）. No obvious adverse reactions were observed in both groups.
Fire needle combined with cold stimulation of pharynx can relieve oropharyngeal dysphagia after stroke，improve the treatment effect，quality of life and nutritional status of patients，and is safe and reliable.
To explore the efficacy of Bufei Yishen Qutan Naqi method combined with Budigefu（budesonide，glycopyrronium bromide and formoterol fumarate）in the treatment of patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease（COPD）of Yang deficiency and phlegm obstruction type.
A total of 95 patients with stable COPD were enrolled as the research subjects and were classified into control group（48 cases）and experimental group（47 cases）according to the random number table method. Both groups were given the basic treatment，and the control group was treated with Budigefu while the experimental group was given Bufei Yishen Qutan Naqi method＋Budigefu. Both groups were treated for 3 months. The TCM syndromes scores，pulmonary function［forced expiratory volume in the first second as a percentage of predicted value（FEVl%pred），FEVl/forced vital capacity（FVC），maximum mid-expiratory flow（MMEF），peak flow rate（PEF）］，airway remodeling indicators［matrix metalloproteinase（MMP）-9，tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase（TIMP）-1，MMP-9/TIMP-1］，inflammatory indicators［interleukin（IL）-8，tumor necrosis factor（TNF）-α］，vascular endothelial function indicators［endothelin（ET），nitric oxide（NO）］and activity ability［six-minute walking test（6 MWT），modified Medical Research Council（mMRC）］were compared between both groups before and after treatment.
After 3 months of treatment，the scores of TCM syndromes，levels of serum IL-8，TNF-α，ET，MMP-9 and MMP-9/TIMP-1 were decreased in the two groups，and the decreases of the above indicators in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group（P<0.05）. The levels of FEV1%pred，FEV1/FVC，MMEF，PEF，serum NO and TIMP-1 and the distance of 6MWT were increased in both groups，and the increases were higher in the experimental group（P<0.05）.
Bufei Yishen Qutan Naqi method combined with Budigefu can effectively improve the endothelial function，reduce the airway remodeling，inhibit the inflammatory response，and then relieve the clinical symptoms，improve the pulmonary function，and promote the recovery of life activity ability in the treatment of stable COPD of Yang deficiency and phlegm obstruction type.
To discuss the clinical effect and safety observation of Suhuang Zhike Capsule（苏黄止咳胶囊）in treating post-thyroidectomy cough.
Two hundred and three patients with post-thyroidectomy cough admitted from January 2021 to September 2023 were included，and assigned into two groups using random number table methods. The control group（101 cases）was given ambroxol aerosol inhalation，while the observation group（102 cases）was given ambroxol aerosol inhalation and Suhuang Zhike Capsule. The treatment in both groups lasted for 7 days. During treatment，2 cases in the observation group and 0 case in the control group were dropped out. Then the clinical efficacy，postoperative cough relief time，postoperative cough disappearance time，daytime cough symptom，nighttime cough symptom，Leicester Cough Questionnaire in Mandarin Chinese（LCQMC），self-rating anxiety scale（SAS），self-rating depression scale（SDS），immunoglobulin-related indexes，Karnofsky performance status scale（KPS）and adverse reactions were compared between two groups.
The observation group reported a higher clinical efficacy rate than the control group［97.00%（97/100）vs 90.10%（91/101），P<0.05］.the observation group showed decreased time to the relief and disappearance of postoperative cough，and had lower daytime and nighttime cough symptom scores compared to the control group（P<0.05）. After treatment，an increase in LCQ-MC score，immunoglobulin-related indexes and KPSscore，as well as a reduction in SASand SDSwere observed in all patients，and both changes were more notable in the observation group than those in the control group（P<0.05）. Both groups yielded a low adverse reaction rate，with no statistical difference（P>0.05）.
Application of Suhuang Zhike Capsule in treating post-thyroidectomy cough can effectively improve immune function and quality of life，which has little adverse reaction and good safety.
To explore the risk factors of elderly patients with coronary heart disease（CHD）and weakness and the effect of using traditional Chinese medicine Gancao Xiexin Decoction（甘草泻心汤）combined with Modified LI Ke’s Shensiwei（李可肾四味加减）.
A total of 120 elderly CHD patients complicated with weakness who received the treatment in the hospital from February 2020 to February 2021 were as the weakness group，and another 120 elderly CHD patients without weakness were as the non weakness group to analyze the risk factors that caused weakness. The weakness group was randomly divided into a combination group and a Western medicine group，with 60 cases in each. The Western medicine group received conventional Western medicine treatment，while the combination group received additional treatment with Gancao Xiexin Decoction combined with Modified LI Ke’s Shensiwei on the basis of the Western medicine group. The treatment courses were both 12 weeks，and the differences in treatment effects between the two groups were compared.
（1）According to Logistic regression model analysis，decreased body mass index（BMI），complicated with acute coronary syndrome，increased Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form（MNA-SF）score and Charlson comorbidity index were independent risk factors for weakness in elderly CHD patients（P<0.05）. Increased Charlson comorbidity index was an independent risk factor for weakness in elderly CHD patients（P<0.05）. The elevated levels of albumin（ALB）and total protein（TP）can effectively reduce the risk of weakness in elderly CHD patients and were protective factors（P<0.05）.（2）Before treatment，there was no significant difference in serum hemoglobin（Hb），ALB，TP or prealbumin（PA）between the Western medicine group and the combination group（P>0.05）. After treatment，the serum levels of Hb，ALB，TP and PA of the two groups were significantly increased compared to those before treatment（P<0.05），while the serum levels of Hb，ALBand PA of the combination group were higher than those of the Western medicine group（P<0.05）. Before treatment，the grip strength，the levels of Timed Up and Go Test（TUG）and Functional Sit-to-Stand Test（FTSS）between the western and combination groups were not significant（P>0.05）. After treatment，the grip strength of both groups was significantly improved and the levels of TUG and FTSS were significantly reduced（P<0.05）. The grip strength in the combination group was higher than that in the Western medicine group，and the TUGwas lower than that in the Western medicine group（P<0.05）.
Malnutrition and comorbidities are risk factors for concurrent weakness in elderly CHD patients. On the basis of the basic treatment plan of Western medicine，the addition of traditional Chinese medicine Gancao Xiexin Decoction combined with Modified LI Ke’s Shensiwei can significantly improve the treatment effect.
To study the application effect of oral and external use of Tongguan Xiaozheng Decoction（通管消癥汤）and Huangjin Powder（黄金散）in tubal obstructive infertility and its effect on the levels of inflammatory factors.
From January 2020 to December 2021，120 patients with tubal obstructive infertility after tubal interventional recanalization in the hospital were selected and divided into two groups according to the random number table method，with 60 patients in each group. The patients in the control group were treated with conventional western medicine，enema and external application therapy. The patients in the observation group were treated with Tongguan Xiaozheng Decoction on the basis of the control group. After 3 months of treatment，the clinical efficacy，TCM symptom scores，the levels of inflammatory factors interleukin-6（IL-6），interleukin-8（IL-8）and tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α）were compared between the two groups. The tubal patency rate and intrauterine pregnancy rate were observed after 12 months of follow-up.
The total effective rate of the observation group was 95.00%（57/60），which was significantly higher than that of the control group（83.33%，50/60）. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant（P<0.05）. After treatment，the scores of abnormal vaginal discharge，lumbosacral pain，stringy pulse and white tongue coating in the two groups were significantly decreased，and those in the observation group were significantly lower than the control group（P<0.05）. After treatment，the levels of IL-6，IL-8 and TNF-αin the two groups were significantly decreased，and the levels in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group（P<0.05）. At 12 months after treatment，the tubal patency rate and intrauterine pregnancy rate in the observation group were 91.67%（55/60）and 33.33%（20/60），and those in the control group were 81.67%（49/60）and 23.33%（14/60）. There was no significant difference between the two groups（P>0.05）.
The application effect of oral and external use of Tongguan Xiaozheng Decoction and Huangjin Powder in tubal obstructive infertility is satisfactory. It can reduce the levels of serum inflammatory factors. It is an effective treatment plan and worthy of application.
To evaluate the effect of kidney-tonifying method and ibandronate based on lung-kidney-bone axis in the treatment of lung cancer bone metastasis and the monitoring value of CT for prognosis.
A total of 92 patients with lung cancer bone metastasis were included from September 2020 to September 2023. All patients were obtained from the hospital and it was a retrospective analysis. All patients were divided into group A（46 cases，treated with ibandronic acid）and group B（46 patients，treated with kidney-tonifying method based on lung-kidney-bone axis combined with ibandronate）.TCM syndrome scores，KPSscores，serum tumor marker levels，levels of serotonin（5-HT），prostaglandin E2（PGE2）and endothelin-1（ET-1），and the CT values of osteolytic，osteogenic and mixed bone metastasis before and after treatment were compared between two groups.
After treatment，the scores of both groups decreased compared to that before treatment，and the score of group B decreased compared to that of group A.KPSscores increased compared to those pre-treatment，and the KPSscore of group B increased compared with that of group A. The serum levels of glucose antigen 125（CA125），glucose antigen 199（CA199）and cytokeratin fragment 19（CYFRA21-1）were all decreased compared to those before treatment，and the above indexes of patients in group B decreased compared with those in group A. The serum levels of 5-HT，PGE2 and endothelin-1 were all decreased compared to those before treatment，and the above indexes of patients in group B decreased compared with those in group A. The CT value of bone metastases of osteolytic and mixed lung cancer gradually increased at 3 and 6 months after treatment. Moreover，the CT value of different types of lung cancer increased at 6 months compared with that at 3 months after treatment（all P<0.05）.
The combination of kidney-tonifying method and ibandronate based on the lungkidney-bone axis in the treatment of lung cancer bone metastasis patients can help to alleviate the clinical symptoms，improve the physical function，reduce the serum tumor marker levels and have significant analgesic effects. At the same time，MSCT examination can be used to evaluate the treatment effect of lung cancer bone metastasis patients.
To study the effect of Jiedu Sangen Decoction（解毒三根汤）on CT-26 cells in colon cancer.
Ninety healthy and clean BALB/c mice were randomly divided into control group，model group and Jiedu Sangen Decoction group. The colon cancer mouse models in all groups except for the control group were established. The model group received normal saline by gavage，and the Jiedu Sangen Decoction group received Jiedu Sangen Decoction by gavage. After 1 week，the serum was obtained from each group through eyeball. The serum of mice in each group was co-cultured with CT-26 cells，the cell proliferation was detected by MTT method，the cell migration was detected by Transwell method，the cell invasion was detected by invasion test，and the protein expressions of Bax and bcl-2 were detected by Western blot.
After 24 h，48 h and 72 h of cell cultured，the light absorption values of the Jiedu Sangen Decoction group were 0.198±0.068，0.321±0.103 and 0.462±0.106，which were significantly lower than those of the control group and the model group（P<0.05）. The numbers of migrating cells and invading cells in the Jiedu Sangen Decoction group were（122.03±10.48）/HPand（32.10±5.15）/HP，which were significantly lower than those in the control group and the model group（P<0.05）. The relative expression level of Bax protein in Jiedu Sangen Decoction group was 0.978±0.106，significantly higher than that in the control serum group and model serum group（P<0.05），while the relative expression level of Bcl-2 protein was 0.354±0.092，significantly lower than that in the control group and model group（P<0.05）.
Jiedu Sangen Decoction can inhibit the proliferation，migration and invasion of colon cancer CT-26 cells，and its mechanism may be related to the regulation of the expressionsof Bax and Bcl-2.
Based on gut microbiota，to explore the compatibility rules of Sugemule-4 Decoction.
Seventy-two SPF grade male SD rats were randomly divided into control group（C），model group（M），Sugemule-4 Decoction group（S-4），lack of Suanzaoren（Ziziphi Spinosae Semen）formula group（QSZR），lack of Baidoukou（Amomum kravanh Pierre ex Gagnep）formula group（QBDK），lack of Xianghanqin（Cuminum cyminum L.）formula group（QXHQ），lack of Biba（Piperis Longi Fructus）formula group（QBB），Suanzaoren（Ziziphi Spinosae Semen）group（SZR），Baidoukou（Amomum kravanh Pierre ex Gagnep）group（BDK），Xianghanqin（Cuminum cyminum L.）group（XHQ），Biba（Piperis Longi Fructus）group（BB），Anshen Bunao Liquid（安神补脑液）group（Y）. An insomnia rat model was established by using chronic unpredictable mild stress stimulation（CUMS）＋parachlorophenylalanine（PCPA）method. After modeling，the corresponding drugs were administered for 7 days at a dose of 1.215 g/kg. Both group Cand group M were given the equal amounts of distilled water，while Group Y received a dose of 1.8 mL/kg. The general state and colon tissue morphology of rats in each group were compared after treatment，as well as the levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine（5-HT），γ-aminobutyric acid（GABA），acetylcholine（AChE），prostaglandin D2（PGD2），substance P（SP），vasoactive intestinal peptide（VIP）and gastrin（GAS）in serum，inducible nitric oxide synthase（INOS）content in colon and hypothalamic tissues，and 16SrDNA analysis of gut microbiota.
After treatment，the circadian rhythm of the M group rats was disrupted or even disappeared，and their mental state deteriorated. The mental state of the other groups improved to varying degrees compared to those before treatment. Colon tissue HE staining showed that each treatment group could improve the pathological changes of the model rats to varying degrees. The serum levels of 5-HT，GABA，AChE，GASand VIP in group M rats were significantly altered（P<0.05），while the levels of INOSin the colon and hypothalamus were significantly increased（P<0.05）. The S-4 group was able to significantly improve these changes（P<0.05）. Baidoukou（Amomum kravanh Pierre ex Gagnep）had the strongest regulatory ability on insomnia related neurotransmitter levels，Xianghanqin（Cuminum cyminum L.）had the strongest regulatory ability on brain gut peptide levels，and Biba（Piperis Longi Fructus）had the strongest regulatory ability on INOSlevels in colon and hypothalamic tissues. The gut microbiota of each group at the level of gut microbiota genera was analyzed，linear discriminant effect analysis（LEfSe）was used to compare multiple groups，and 7 key differential bacterial genera were selected. Through analysis，it was found that each component in the formula can regulate the disorder of gut microbiota to varying degrees. Further exploring the relationship between the gut microbiota genus and the ELISA indicators detected in this article，it was found that the Coriobacteriaceae_UCG_002 showed a significant positive correlation with INOSin hypothalamic tissue，Anaerostipes showed a significant positive correlation with INOSin colon tissue and serum VIP，and Bifidobacterium showed a significant negative correlation with serum GAS.
Sugemule-4 Decoction and its split formula can improve the changes of insomnia related neurotransmitters，brain-gut peptide content and intestinal microbiota in the body of insomnia model rats to varying degrees.
Pugongying（Dandelion），first recorded in the New Revised Materia Medica，is a plant with a long history of medicinal and edible homology，which has the effects of clearing heat and detoxifying. Polysaccharides are one of the main active ingredients in dandelion. This article took Pugongying（Dandelion）polysaccharides as the research object and summarized the chemical structure，extraction，separation and purification methods，biological activity and related applications of Pugongying（Dandelion）polysaccharides based on relevant literature from domestic and foreign sources in the past two decades. The results showed that Pugongying（Dandelion）polysaccharides were extracted using methods such as hot water extraction，ultrasound assisted extraction，enzyme extraction and supercritical extraction，with significant differences in extraction rates. Homogeneous polysaccharides were extracted by impurity removal methods such as Sevag method，macroporous adsorption resin method and column chromatography. Pugongying（Dandelion）polysaccharides have anti-tumor，antibacterial，anti-inflammatory，hypoglycemic，hepatoprotective and anti mutagenic effects. Up to now，the research on dandelion polysaccharides has mainly focused on their primary structure，while there are few reports on the complete structural characteristics of monosaccharide components，and most studies are limited to animal and cellular levels，lacking in-depth research on their mechanisms. Therefore，improving the separation and purification technology of polysaccharides，and using modern detection technology to identify their structure，determine the structure-activity relationship，activity and mechanism of action is a major focus of future research on Pugongying（Dandelion）polysaccharides，and it is also the key to the large-scale application of Pugongying（Dandelion）polysaccharides in the market.
The characteristics of Traditional Chinese Medicine（TCM）“valuing syndrome and belittling disease”make the current TCM disease nomenclature lack of regularization and standardization，and gradually appear“aging”，marginalization and“westernization”. How the TCM disease nomenclature can achieve dialogue with western medicine on the basis of maintaining their own theoretical and cultural characteristics is the key to deepening the integration of TCM and western medicine as well as promoting the modernization of TCM. The project group focused on the TCM disease nomenclature of heart failure（HF），and relied on the National Terminology Committee for TCM and the Expert Committee for Cardiovascular Diseases of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine of Chinese Research Hospital Association，established an expert consensus working group，systematically sorted out the connotation of the TCM disease nomenclature of HF，and conducted three rounds of expert questionnaire survey on the improved Delphi method. The expert consensus of TCM disease nomenclature of HF was preliminary achieved，aiming at promoting the theoretical and clinical research on the prevention and treatment of HF in TCM.
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