Full
Outline
To define“sweetness”in traditional Chinese medicine based on sweet taste receptors and explore the hypoglycemic mechanism of Yuzhu（Polygonatum odoratumin）saponin.
The diabetic model was established by streptozocin（STZ）method. After successfully modeling，the mice were randomly divided into model group，metformin group，low dose of Yuzhu（Polygonatum odoratumin）saponin group，high dose of Yuzhu（Polygonatum odoratumin）saponin group，low dose of Yuzhu（Polygonatum odoratumin）saponin＋Lac（Lactisole）group and high dose of Yuzhu（Polygonatum odoratumin）saponin＋Lac group. The mice without modeling were taken as the normal group. Fasting blood glucose and glucose tolerance were tested 7 weeks after administration of the drug. After 8 weeks of drug administration，the levels of total cholesterol（TC），triglyceride（TG），low-density lipoprotein cholesterol（LDL-C）and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol（HDL-C）were determined by biochemical kits. The morphology of pancreas and liver tissues were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining（HE），and the contents of glucagon-like peptide-1（GLP-1）and insulin were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA）. HuTu-80 was used as a cellular model，and the contents of GLP-1 and Cyclic adenosine monophosphate（cAMP）were detected by ELISA. The intensity of Ca2＋fluorescence was detected by laser confocal.
Yuzhu（Polygonatum odoratumin）saponin significantly reduced the levels of fasting blood glucose，TC，TG and LDL-C in diabetic mice（P<0.05）. Yuzhu（Polygonatum odoratumin）saponin increased the levels of HDL-C，GLP-1 and insulin（P<0.05），and improved the morphology of the pancreas and liver tissues. Yuzhu（Polygonatum odoratumin）saponin significantly increased the contents of cAMP，Ca2＋and GLP-1 after their action on cells（P<0.05）. However，the action of Yuzhu（Polygonatum odoratumin）saponin could be significantly inhibited by the sweet taste receptor inhibitor Lactisole（P<0.05）.
Yuzhu（Polygonatum odoratumin）saponin agitates sweet taste receptors due to the sweet taste，which in turn promotes GLP-1 secretion and exerts hypoglycemic effects.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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