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Outline
Parkinson's disease is a common neurodegenerative disease. Its incidence and mortality rates are increasing year by year. It has a great impact on the life of patients and a great burden on society. However，there is a lack of effective therapeutic drugs. Huanglian（Coptidis Rhizoma）is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine with a history of over two thousand years. It contains various active ingredients such as alkaloids，lignans，flavonoids，acidic components，etc. It has a multi-signal，multitarget and multi-pathway neuroprotective effect，such as anti-inflammatory，antioxidant stress，mitochondrial protection and other pharmacological effects. Huanglian（Coptidis Rhizoma）has shown good application prospects in neurodegenerative diseases such as cerebral ischemic injury，Alzheimer's disease，Parkinson's disease，Huntington's disease，epilepsy，etc. Huanglian（Coptidis Rhizoma）and its effective component，berberine，may exert neuroprotective effects through mechanisms such as antioxidant stress，mitochondrial protection，inhibition of neuroinflammation and inhibition of cell apoptosis. This article summarized the current research status of Parkinson's disease，the theoretical role of Huanglian（Coptidis Rhizoma）in preventing and treating Parkinson's disease，and the research progress of berberine in protecting dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra of the brain，providing a theoretical basis for Huanglian（Coptidis Rhizoma）in the clinical prevention and treatment of Parkinson's disease.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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