To investigate the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine syndromes in patients with hemodialysis complicated with vascular calcification.

A total of 108 end-stage renal disease patients with vascular calcification treated with maintenance hemodialysis were selected，and a questionnaire survey and traditional Chinese medicine syndrome differentiation were conducted by a dedicated person.

All 108 patients were diagnosed as deficiency syndrome，102 patients（94.44%）can be identified as the combination of root deficiency syndrome and manifestation excess syndrome. This root deficiency syndrome was mainly characterized by Yang deficiency of spleen and kidney syndrome（42 cases，38.89%）. Secondly，there were Qi-Yin deficiency syndrome（30 cases，27.78%），Yin-Yang deficiency syndrome（18 cases，16.67%），Qi deficiency of spleen and kidney syndrome（12 cases，11.11%），and Yin deficiency of liver and kidney syndrome（6 cases，5.56%）. The manifestation excess syndrome was mainly characterized by blood stasis syndrome（42 cases，38.89%）. Secondly，there were damp-heat syndrome（33 cases，30.56%），damp-turbidity syndrome（20 cases，18.52%），water retention syndrome（4 cases，3.70%）and stirring wind syndrome（3 cases，2.78%）. The combined syndrome types of the manifestation excess syndrome：blood stasis syndrome was more common in Yang deficiency of spleen and kidney syndrome，Qi-Yin deficiency syndrome and Yin-Yang deficiency syndrome，while damp-heat syndrome and damp-turbidity syndrome were more common in Yang deficiency of spleen and kidney syndrome and Qi-Yin deficiency syndrome.stirring wind syndrome and water retention syndrome only appeared in patients with Qi-Yin deficiency syndrome and Yin-Yang deficiency syndrome. There were differences in the distribution of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome types among patients of different ages and dialysis ages，and the differences were statistically significant（P<0.05）. The patients aged more than 65 years old and with dialysis age more than 5 years with deficiency syndrome were more likely to experience Yang deficiency of spleen and kidney syndrome，followed by Qi-Yin deficiency syndrome，damp-heat syndrome was more common in excess syndrome，followed by damp-turbidity syndrome. The patients aged more than 65 years old and with dialysis age less than 5 years with deficiency syndrome were more likely to experience Qi-Yin deficiency syndrome，followed by Yang deficiency of spleen and kidney syndrome，damp-heat syndrome was more common in excess syndrome，followed by blood stasis syndrome. There was no statistical difference in the distribution of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome types among patients of different genders and primary diseases（P>0.05）.

The patients with hemodialysis complicated with vascular calcification merged with identified as the combination of root deficiency syndrome and manifestation excess syndrome. This root deficiency syndrome was mainly characterized by Yang deficiency of spleen and kidney syndrome. The manifestation excess syndromewas mainly characterized by blood stasis syndrome. Blood stasis syndrome was more common in Yang deficiency of spleen and kidney syndrome，Qi-Yin deficiency syndrome and Yin-Yang deficiency syndrome，while damp-heat syndrome and damp-turbidity syndrome were more common in Yang deficiency of spleen and kidney syndrome and Qi-Yin deficiency syndrome. Age and dialysis age can affect the distribution of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome types in patients.