Pugongying（Dandelion），first recorded in the New Revised Materia Medica，is a plant with a long history of medicinal and edible homology，which has the effects of clearing heat and detoxifying. Polysaccharides are one of the main active ingredients in dandelion. This article took Pugongying（Dandelion）polysaccharides as the research object and summarized the chemical structure，extraction，separation and purification methods，biological activity and related applications of Pugongying（Dandelion）polysaccharides based on relevant literature from domestic and foreign sources in the past two decades. The results showed that Pugongying（Dandelion）polysaccharides were extracted using methods such as hot water extraction，ultrasound assisted extraction，enzyme extraction and supercritical extraction，with significant differences in extraction rates. Homogeneous polysaccharides were extracted by impurity removal methods such as Sevag method，macroporous adsorption resin method and column chromatography. Pugongying（Dandelion）polysaccharides have anti-tumor，antibacterial，anti-inflammatory，hypoglycemic，hepatoprotective and anti mutagenic effects. Up to now，the research on dandelion polysaccharides has mainly focused on their primary structure，while there are few reports on the complete structural characteristics of monosaccharide components，and most studies are limited to animal and cellular levels，lacking in-depth research on their mechanisms. Therefore，improving the separation and purification technology of polysaccharides，and using modern detection technology to identify their structure，determine the structure-activity relationship，activity and mechanism of action is a major focus of future research on Pugongying（Dandelion）polysaccharides，and it is also the key to the large-scale application of Pugongying（Dandelion）polysaccharides in the market.