ArchiveTo compare the disparities in the modified Kupperman’s score（KMI）and peripheral blood micro indicators between non-interaction between heart and kidney syndrome and liver depression and Qi stagnation syndrome of perimenopausal women experiencing sleep difficulties.
Eighty patients with perimenopausal sleep disorders were selected as research participants using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index（PSQI）. Among them，40 patients had non-interaction between heart and kidney syndrome and 40 patients had liver depression and Qi stagnation syndrome. The data，including traditional Chinese medicine syndrome collection forms and KMI scales was gathered. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA）was used to quantify serum inflammatory markers［interleukin-1β（IL-1β），tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α）］and neurotransmitter levels［gamma aminobutyric acid（GABA），glutamic acid（Glu）］in two groups.
The study findings revealed that noninteraction between heart and kidney syndrome had higher values for time to fall asleep，sleep time，sleep efficiency，sleep disorder score and total PSQI score compared to the liver depression and Qi stagnation syndrome group（P<0.05）. Additionally，the liver depression and Qi stagnation syndrome group had a higher daytime dysfunction score than the non-interaction between heart and kidney syndrome group（P<0.05）. Furthermore，the non-interaction between heart and kidney syndrome group exhibited higher values for hot flashes，sweating，muscle and joint pain，palpitations，urinary system symptoms and total KMI score compared to the liver depression and Qi stagnation syndrome group（P<0.05）. Conversely，the liver depression and Qi stagnation syndrome group had higher scores for emotional excitement，depression，suspicion，dizziness，headache and skin ant sensation compared to the non-interaction between heart and kidney syndrome group（P<0.05）. Serum levels of IL-1βand TNF-αwere also higher in the liver depression and Qi stagnation syndrome group. The levels in the non-interaction between heart and kidney syndrome group were significantly higher than those in the other group（P<0.05）. In contrast，the serum GABA level in the non-interaction between heart and kidney syndrome group was lower than that in the liver depression and Qi stagnation syndrome group，while the Glu level was higher（P<0.05）.
In women experiencing sleep difficulties during the perimenopausal period，the non-interaction between heart and kidney syndrome is associated with worse overall sleep quality compared to the liver depression and Qi stagnation syndrome. Additionally，the non-interaction between heart and kidney syndrome is also linked to more severe perimenopausal symptoms. The sleep disturbances and perimenopausal symptoms have distinct classifications. There are significant differences in the expressions of IL-1β，TNF-α，GABA and Glu between the two syndromes，which may contribute to the objectivity and precision of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome differentiation for sleep disorders in perimenopausal women.
To evaluate the safety and efficacy of Simo Decoction Oral Liquid（四磨汤口服液）for post-prandial distress syndrome（PDS）of functional dyspepsia（FD）.
Randomized，controlled and placebo-controlled parallel trial design was adopted，the observation was conducted in 12 parallel centers，and 240 cases were randomly divided into trial group and control group，with 120 cases in each group. The trial group was administered with Simo Decoction Oral Liquid，while the control group was given Simo Decoction Oral Liquid simulation agent. The treatment course was 4 weeks. The PDSsymptom improvement rate，other individual symptom scores of FD，overall treatment evaluation scale（OTE），hospital anxiety and scale（HAD），functional dyspepsia quality of live（FDDQL）and safety were compared. Full analysis set（FAS）and per protocol set（PPS）were used for effectiveness analysis，while safety set（SS）was used for safety analysis.
There were 237 cases in the FAS（with 118 in the trial group and 119 in the control group），220 cases in the PPS（with 112 in the trial group and 108 in the control group），and 239 cases in the SS（with 120 in the trial group and 119 in the control group）. FASand PPSanalyses showed that after treatment，postprandial distress syndrome，postprandial fullness and discomfort and early satiety in the trial group were higher；the decrease of postprandial discomfort symptoms and postprandial fullness and discomfort VAS scores were larger and the symptom improvement rates of OTEwere higher than those in the control group（P<0.05）. FASanalyses showed that after treatment，the response rates of stomach burning sensation，acid reflux and poor bowel movement in the trial group were higher；the decrease of stomach burning sensation VASscore was larger than those in the control group（P<0.05）. PPS analyses showed that after treatment，the response rates of stomach burning sensation and poor bowel movement in the trial group were higher；the decrease of stomachache，stomach burning sensation and poor bowel movement VAS scores were larger than those in the control group（P<0.05）. There was 1 adverse event occurred in the trial group，and 2 adverse events occurred in the control group，and there were no statistical difference between groups（P>0.05）.
Simo Decoction Oral Liquid is effective and safe in treating post-prandial distress syndrome of functional dyspepsia.
With the support of modern technology，in order to better inherit the essence of traditional Chinese medicine（TCM）and keep the innovation，the digitization of TCM diagnostic information is the inevitable development path. Based on the objective technique of TCM diagnosis，this paper proposes a digital collection and recognition method of TCM emotional information based on millimeter wave radar. Based on the emotion theory of TCM，this paper traces the origin and classifies emotion，analyzes the causes of emotion disease and the relationship between emotion and breathing and heartbeat. Millimeter wave radar can detect the two vital signs of breathing and heartbeat，and it is consistent with the mood of TCM，which has the common point of non-inductive observation. Therefore，a scientific model of emotion information data based on millimeter wave radar is proposed to provide objective data support for TCM emotion diagnosis. The model consists of two parts. First，the determination of the acquisition index of millimeter wave radar，and the relationship between the acquisition index and emotion is explained from the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine. Secondly，the emotion recognition model of millimeter wave radar is established for the recognition of emotion state in TCM. Finally，the scientific application direction of TCM emotional data based on millimeter wave radar is discussed to provide ideas for the subsequent development.
Traditional Chinese medicine（TCM）is an integral part of traditional medicine in China，with a rich theoretical basis and valuable practical experience. However，the advancement of TCM necessitates diverse tools to support its intelligent development. With the rapid advancements in natural language processing technology and artificial intelligence，the application of large language models（LLMs）has garnered widespread attention in the field of medical health. This paper focusedon exploring the potential application of LLMs in the field of TCM，aiming to provide insights for intelligent research and practice in this domain. Firstly，it provided an overview of the development of LLMs in medicine，introduced the concept and development history of such models，and presented the current research status in the biomedical field. Subsequently，the paper delved into the potential application of large language models in TCM，considered associated risks and challenges，and provided recommendations to address these issues. Finally，it outlined the future development direction of large language models in the field of TCM.
To investigate the mechanism of Tripterygium wilfordii polysaccharides inducing pancreatic stem cell differentiation through stromal cell-derived factor-1（SDF-1）/CXC chemokine receptor-4（CXCR4）axis.
Primary pancreatic stem cells were prepared from pancreatic tissue from Kunming mice on day 4 of neonatal birth. The immunohistochemistry method was used to identify the pancreatic stem cells. Isletβcells were identified by dithiazone（DTZ）staining. An inverted fluorescence microscope was used to photograph and record the cells at various cultivation time points. The release of SDF-1 from cells were detected at various administration time points by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA）. The relative mRNA expression levels of SDF-1 and CXCR4 in each group were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR（qPCR）technology. The expression levels of SDF-1 and CXCR4 proteins in each group were detected by Western blot assay（WB）.
The cells obtained was Nestin positive and Brownish-yellow were identified by immunohistochemistry method. DTZ staining was positive，and the number of positive stained cells in the treatment group was significantly higher than that in the control group（P<0.05）. The release of SDF-1 from the control group cells remained relatively stable，while the release of SDF-1 from the experimental group cells gradually increased over time and reached its peak on the 26th day. Subsequently，the release of SDF-1 gradually decreased over time. The relative mRNA expression levels of SDF-1 and CXCR4 in the experimental group cells were significantly higher than those in the control group cells detected by qPCR technology（P<0.05）. The ex-pression levels of SDF-1 and CXCR4 proteins in the experimental group cells were significantly higher than those in the control group cells by WB（P<0.05）.
Tripterygium wilfordii polysaccharides can induce pancreatic stem cell differentiation through the SDF-1/CXCR4 axis.
To study the effect of Jiawei Jiaotai Pill（加味交泰丸）in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome based on bile acid metabolism and intestinal microecological abnormalities.
From August 2022 to June 2023，96 patients with diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome diagnosed and treated in the outpatient department of spleen and stomach disease department of nantong affiliated hospital of traditional Chinese medicine of Nanjing university of Chinese medicine were selected as the research objects. According to the random and control principle，they were divided into experimental group and control group，with 48 cases in each group. The patients of two groups were treated with routine treatment measures such as regulating emotions，reasonable diet and rest，and tobacco and alcohol control. At the same time，the control group was treated with Bacillus licheniformis and the experimental group was treated with Jiawei Jiaotai Pill. The course of treatment was 28 days and the treatment time of both groups was 1 course. The efficacy of TCM syndromes，irritable bowel syndrome symptom severity scale（IBS-SSS）score，Hamilton anxiety scale（HAMA）score，Hamilton depression scale（HAMD）score，bile acid level，intestinal flora distribution and treatment safety were compared between the two groups.
The total effective rate of the experimental group was 97.92%，which was significantly higher than that（83.33%）of the control group（P<0.05）. After treatment，the scores of IBS-SSS，HAMA and HAMD of the two groups were significantly decreased and the scores of the experimental group were significantly lower than those of the control group（P<0.05）. There was no significant difference in cholic acid（CA），che-nodeoxycholic acid（CDCA），ursodeoxycholic acid（UDCA），dehydrocholic acid（HDCA）or lithocholic acid（LCA）between the two groups before treatment（P>0.05）. After treatment，the levels of CA，CDCA and HDCA were significantly reduced，and the levels of UDCA and LCA were significantly increased. The improvement of the experimental group was better than that of the control group（P<0.05）. After treatment，the number of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus in the two groups increased，the number of Escherichia coli and Enterococcus decreased and the change in the experimental group was more significant（P<0.05）. There were no serious adverse reactions in the two groups and the treatment safety was good.
The clinical effect of Jiawei Jiaotai Pill in the treatment of diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome is satisfactory. It can significantly improve the bile acid metabolism and intestinal microecological abnormalities of patients，thereby alleviating their symptoms and promoting the rehabilitation of patients.
To study the effect of Longdan Xiegan Decoction（龙胆泻肝汤）combined with thunder-fire moxibustion in the treatment of chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome.
A total of 160 patients with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome diagnosed and treated from January 2022 to December 2023 were selected as the research objects. According to the random number table method，they were randomly divided into four groups：western medicine group，western medicine+thunder fire moxibustion group，Chinese medicine group and Chinese medicine+thunder fire moxibustion group，with 40 cases in each group. The efficacy，pain symptom score（VAS），international prostate symptom score（IPSS），international erectile function score-5（IIEF-5），the maximum urinary flow rate（Qmax），urine volume（VV），prostate-specific extracellular vesicle protein（PSEP）and adverse reactions of the four groups were observed and compared.
The total effective rates of the western medicine group，the western medicine+thunder fire moxibustion group，the Chinese medicine group and the Chinese medicine+thunder fire moxibustion group were 80.00%（32/40），87.50%（35/40），77.50%（31/40）and 97.50%（39/40），respectively，and the differences between the groups were statistically significant（P<0.05）. After treatment，the VASand IPSS scores of the four groups decreased，and the IIEF-5 scores increased，and the scores of the traditional Chinese medicine+thunder fire moxibustion group changed more significantly（P<0.05）. There was no significant difference in Qmax，VV or PSEP among the four groups before treatment（P>0.05）. After treatment，the values of Qmax and VV of the four groups were significantly increased，and PSEPlevels were significantly decreased. The values of Qmax and VV in the Chinese medicine+thunder fire moxibustion group were the highest，and the PSEP level was the lowest. Compared with those of the other three groups，the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）.
The effect of Longdan Xiegan Decoction combined with thunderfire moxibustion in the treatment of chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome is significant. It can significantly relieve the symptoms of patients，improve their urination and sexual dysfunction，and has good safety and high application value.
To explore the effects of Wenyang Jieyu Decoction（温阳解郁汤）on serum inflammatory factors，monoamine neurotransmitter levels and intestinal microbiota in patients with post-stroke depression（PSD）.
Ninety PSD patients admitted to the hospital from January 2020 to March 2023 were selected and divided into control group（45 cases）and observation group（45 cases）by using a random number table method. The control group took Paroxetine Hydrochloride Tablets orally，while the observation group took Wenyang Jieyu Decoction on the basis of control group. The treatment period for two groups was 8 weeks. The therapeutic effects of two groups were compared. The changes in daily living ability，depressive mood，neurological function，inflammatory factors，monoamine neurotransmitters and gut microbiota were compared before and after treatment.
The effective rate of the observation group was higher than that of the control group（P<0.05）. After treatment，the daily activity level（ADL）scores of two groups were higher than those before treatment，while the Hamilton depression scale（HAMD）score and National Institute of Health stroke scale（NIHSS）score were lower than those before treatment（P<0.05）. The ADL score of the observation group was higher than that of the control group after treatment，while the HAMD score and NIHSSscore were lower than those of the control group（P<0.05）. After treatment，the levels of serum tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α），hypersensitive C-reactive protein（hs-CRP）and interleukin-6（IL-6）of two groups were lower than those before treatment（P<0.05）. And the levels of the observation group were lower than those of the control group（P<0.05）. After treatment，the levels of serum norepinephrine（NE），5-hydroxytryptamine，（5-HT）and dopamine（DA）of two groups were higher than those before treatment（P<0.05）and the levels of the observation group were higher than those of the control group（P<0.05）. After treatment，the levels of lactobacilli and bifidobacteria of two groups were higher than those before treatment，while the levels of Enterococcus and Escherichia coli were lower than those before treatment（P<0.05）. In the observation group，the levels of lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria were higher than those of the control group，while the levels of Enterococcus and Escherichia coli were lower than those of the control group（P<0.05）.
Wenyang Jieyu Decoction has a good therapeutic effect on PSD patients，which can significantly reduce inflammatory reactions，regulate monoamine neurotransmitter levels and improve intestinal microbiota changes.
To analyze the influence of Xixi Guzhe Prescription（西溪骨折方）on the prognosis of patients with tibiofibular fracture after operation and the serum type I collagen carboxy terminal peptideβspecial sequence（β-CTX）and collagen Crosslaps.
One hundred and ten patients with tibia and fibula fractures admitted to the hospital from June 2016 to March 2021 were randomly divided into the combined group（55 cases）and the control group（55 cases）. Both groups were treated with open reduction and internal fixation，and the combined group was treated with Xixi Guzhe Prescription. The changes of pain score，tenderness，swelling degree，serumβ-CTX and Crosslaps before and 7 days after operation，and the changes of knee joint function score and knee joint range of motion（ROM）in American Special Surgery Hospital（HSS）at 7 days and 4 weeks after operation were evaluated. The fracture healing time of the two groups was compared，and the prognosis of the two groups was evaluated by Johner-Wruh tibial shaft fracture evaluation standard at 4 weeks after operation.
The pain score，tenderness and swelling degree of the two groups decreased after 7 days，while the serumβ-CTX and Crosslaps increased. The pain score，tenderness and swelling degree of the combined group were lower than those of the control group after 7 days，while the serumβ-CTX and Crosslaps were higher than those of the control group（P<0.05）. The HSSscore and ROM of the two groups were higher than those of the control group at 4 weeks after operation，while those of the combined group were higher than those of the con-trol group at 4 weeks after operation（P<0.05）. The fracture healing time in the combined group was（15.14±2.63）weeks，which was lower than that in the control group（16.88±3.15）weeks（t＝3.145，P=0.002）. The excellent and good recovery rate in the combined group was 94.55%（52/55）after 4 weeks，which was higher than that in the control group（81.82%，45/55）（P<0.05）. The incidence of postoperative complications in the combined group and the control group were 7.27%（4/55）and 10.91%（6/55）respectively，and there was no statistical difference between the two groups（P>0.05）.
On the basis of open reduction and internal fixation，the addition of Xixi Guzhe Prescription can relieve patients'pain，improve bone metabolism and play a positive role in promoting the early rehabilitation of patients'knee joint function，and will not lead to an increase in the risk of postoperative complications.
To investigate the effect of Fuzheng Qufeng Decoction（扶正祛风汤）combined with Du meridian moxibustion on chronic urticaria with yang deficiency.
72 cases of chronic urticaria with yang deficiency admitted to the hospital from January 2020 to January 2022 were selected as the research objects. According to the random number table，they were divided into the observation group（36 cases were treated with Fuzheng Qufeng Decoction and Du meridian Moxibustion）and the control group（36 cases were treated with loratadine）. The clinical efficacy，symptom score，urticaria activity score（urticaria activity score，UAS），dermatosis quality of life scale（dermatosis quality of life scale，DQLS）and immune function（T lymphocyte subsets：CD4+，CD8+）of the two groups were observed.
After treatment，the total effective rate in the observation group was 94.44%（34/36），which was higher than that in the control group（75.00%，27/36，P<0.05）. Before treatment，there was no significant difference between the two groups in the number of wheals，maximum diameter，frequency of wheals，duration or other symptom scores（P>0.05）. After treatment，the number，maximum diameter，frequency and duration of wheals in the observation group were lower than those in the control group. The data difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）. Before treatment，there was no significant difference in the scores of pruritus degree or number of wheals between the two groups（P>0.05）. After treatment，the scores of pruritus degree and number of wheals in the observation group were lower than those in the control group. The data difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）. Two weeks，one month，and two months after treatment，the scores of skin disease quality of life of the patients in the observation group were lower than those of the patients in the control group. The data difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）. Before treatment，there was no significant difference in CD4+，CD8+or CD4+/CD8+values between the two groups（P>0.05）. After treatment，the CD4+and CD4+/CD8+values in the observation group were higher than those in the control group. The CD8+value of patients in the observation group was lower than that of patients in the control group（P<0.05）.
The self prepared Fuzheng Qufeng Decoction combined with Du meridian moxibustion can improve the clinical efficacy of chronic urticaria patients with yang deficiency，improve the clinical symptoms，reduce the activity score of urticaria，improve the quality of life of skin diseases，and improve the immune function，which is worthy of clinical promotion.
To analyze the effect of meridian tendon therapy of Zhuang medicine combined with Guizhi plus Huangqi Decoction（桂枝加黄芪汤）on surface electromyography（SEMG）and prognosis of patients with periarthritis of shoulder with wind-cold-dampness Bi syndrome.
A total of 114 patients with periarthritis of shoulder with wind-cold-dampness Bi syndrome admitted to the hospital from January 2022 to December 2022 were randomly divided into the combined group（57 cases）and the control group（57 cases）. Both groups were treated with meridian tendon therapy of Zhuang medicine，and the combined group was treated with Guizhi plus Huangqi Decoction. Both groups lasted for one month. The changes of shoulder joint function score，deltoid muscle SEMGand other indicators were detected before and after treatment in the two groups，and the prognosis of the two groups was evaluated.
After treatment，the scores of pain，muscle strength，shoulder joint activity and functional activity of Constant-Murley shoulder function score（CMS）in both groups were higher than those before treatment. After treatment，the scores of pain，muscle strength，shoulder joint activity and functional activity in the combined group were higher than those in the control group，and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）. After treatment，integrated electromyography（iEMG）on the surface of deltoid muscle in both groups increased and visual analog scale（VAS）score decreased. After treatment，the value of iEMGof the deltoid muscle surface in the combined group was higher than that in the control group，and its VASscore was lower than that in the control group with statistical significance（P<0.05）. After treatment，the total clinical effective rate of the combined group was 97.40%（75/77），which was significantly higher than that of the control group（86.67%，65/75）with statistical significance（P<0.05）.
Combined with Guizhi plus Huangqi Decoction on the basis of meridian tendon therapy of Zhuang medicine，it can further improve the SEMG signal of patients with periarthritis of shoulder with wind-cold-dampness Bi syndrome，promote the recovery of shoulder joint function and relieve pain，thus improving the quality of prognosis.
Based on the literature research method and following the principle of terminology standardization，this study used Delphi method to preliminarily form an expert consensus on TCM symptom terminology for coronary heart disease（CHD），which laid a foundation for the formation of TCM symptom terminology standards and clinical treatment research.
According to the results of the previous literature research，the Delphi method was used to compile an expert questionnaire，which mainly included the terms of the four diagnosis symptoms of CHD. Three rounds of questionnaires were distributed electronically，and the questionnaire results were entered into Microsoft Office Excel 2021. After the establishment of the database，IBM SPSSStatistics 26.0 statistical software was applied，and the indicators such as expert positive coefficient，expert authority degree，expert opinion concentration degree and coordination degree were analyzed statistically.
The expert positive coefficients of the three rounds of questionnaire were 85.71%，91.43% and 100.00% respectively，and the average expert authority coefficient was 0.86，indicating a high degree of authority. The Kendall harmony coefficient of the first two rounds of Delphi expert consultation was between 0.2 and 0.5. The expert consistency coefficient of the second round was higher than that of the first round，close to 0.5，and the chi-square test results of the Kendall harmony coefficient of the two rounds were less than 0.01，indicating that the expert opinions were gradually centralized and unified. In the third round of questionnaire，the experts actively put forward written suggestions，which were adopted by the research group.
After literature research and three rounds of expert questionnaires，according to the index of expert authority，concentration of opinions，the terms of TCM symptoms，their English translations and definitions in the four diagnostic categories of CHD were preliminarily obtained. In summary，the Delphi method was adopted in this study，the process was standardized，and the results were scientific and reliable. The expert consensus on TCM symptom terms of CHD was basically reached.
To evaluate the effect of traditional Chinese medicine on lumbar degenerative diseases based on magnetic resonance（MR）voxel incoherent motion diffusion weighted imaging（IVIEM-DWI）.
A total of 84 patients with lumbar degenerative diseases treated in the hospital from June 2021 to June2023 were included in the study. They were divided into two groups by random number table method. Forty-two cases in the control group were treated by conventional methods，and the other 42 cases in the observation group were treated by Duhuo Jisheng Decoction（独活寄生汤）combined with traditional Chinese medicine. The therapeutic effect，changes in lumbar function，pain score，straight leg elevation angle and IVIEM-DWID quantitative parameters were compared between the two groups.
The total effective rate of the observation group was 95.24%（40/42），which was higher than that of the control group（73.81%，31/42）. After treatment，Japanese Orthopaedic Association（JOA）score and straight leg elevation angle of the observation group were higher than those of the control group，and Oswestry Disability Index（ODI）and visual analogue scale（VAS）scores were lower than those of the control group（P<0.05）. After treatment，the values of apparent diffusion coefficient（ADC）and slow diffusion coefficient（D）in the observation group were higher than those in the control group，and there were significant differences between groups（P<0.05）.
Traditional Chinese medicine has a clear effect on the treatment of lumbar degenerative diseases，which can effectively reduce the symptoms of patients with low back pain or lower extremity radiative pain，improve lumbar motion and promote the recovery of lumbar function. IVIEM-DWID can effectively evaluate the degree of lumbar degenerative diseases and provide reference for treatment.
Dysfunction of circadian rhythms can induce ferroptosis by affecting the expressions of clock genes. According to the holographic theory of traditional Chinese medicine，each cell in the body is regarded as a microcosm of the entire body. The source，distribution and function of iron in cells are similar to those of nutrient Qi，and mitochondria are similar to those of defensive Qi. Moreover，the function of nutrient Qi is controlling the opening and closing of the cell membrane. It is speculated that nutrient Qi and defensive Qi inhibit the process of cell ferroptosis by balancing intracellular iron content and improving mitochondrial morphology and cell membrane structure，and the main mechanism of ferroptosis is the decline of mitochondrial structure and function caused by iron overload and membrane damage，indicating that the deficiency of defensive Qi caused by excessive nutrient Qi is a traditional Chinese medicine pathogenesis of ferroptosis induced by biological clock disorder. The liver's function of regulating blood circulation and storing blood plays a role in regulating the circulation of Qi and promoting the production of blood. It can be seen that treating liver can effectively improve iron death induced by the disturbance of the biological clock by regulating nutrient Qi and defensive Qi.
To investigate the regulatory effects of Dahuang Lingpi Formula（大黄灵脾方）on oxidative stress in rats with ischemia-reperfusion acute kidney injury（IRI）.
Male Sprague-Dawley（SD）rats were randomly divided into sham operation group，model group，Dahuang Lingpi Formula low and high dose groups with 16 rats in each group. The IRI model was established by clamping bilateral renal pedicles for 45 min and restoring blood flow reperfusion. The rats in Dahuang Lingpi Formula groups were given Dahuang Lingpi Formula by gavage，and the rats in the sham operation group and model group were given distilled water every day for continuous intervention for 7 days. On the 3rd and 7th day，8 rats in each group were randomly executed to collect samples to detect the contents of serum creatinine，urea，hepcidin，serum iron and renal iron，malondialdehyde（MDA），superoxide dismutase（SOD），glutathione peroxidase（GSH-Px）and interleukin-6（IL-6）. The renal histology was observed by HE staining. The expressions of hepatic hepcidin and renal ferroportin（FPN）were detected by immunohistochemistry and western blot（WB）. Real-time fluorescence quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction（RT-qPCR）was used to detect hepcidin mRNA expression in liver tissues.
Compared with those of the model group，the contents of serum creatinine，urea，serum iron，renal iron，MDA and IL-6 were significantly decreased（P<0.05）. The contents of serum hepcidin，SOD and GSH-Px were significantly increased（P<0.05）. HE staining showed that the pathological injury of kidney in Dahuang Lingpi Formula groups was significantly alleviated. RT-qPCR showed that the expression of hepcidin mRNA in Dahuang Lingpi Formula groups was significantly higher than that in the model group（P<0.05）. Immunohistochemical and WB results showed that the expressions of hepcidin in Dahuang Lingpi Formula groups were significantly higher than those in the mod-el group（P<0.05）. FPN protein expression was significantly lower than that of the model group（P<0.05）.
-Dahuang Lingpi Formula can alleviate oxidative stress and inflammation levels in IRIrats，promote renal injury repair and accelerate renal function recovery. The mechanism may be related to the intervention of oxidative stress related to iron metabolism abnormalities in IRI.
To explore the molecular mechanism of damp-heat syndrome in acquired immune deficiency syndrome（AIDS）.
Agilent gene expression profile chip and iTRAQ-MStechnology were used to perform genomic and proteomic tests on human immunodeficiency virus（HIV）/AIDSpatients with damp-heat syndrome. A total of 20 differentially expressed genes of HIV/AIDSdamp-heat syndrome were identified with ratio change≥1.15 or≤0.87 and P<0.05 as the criteria. There were 22 differentially expressed proteins.
Compared with those of the healthy control group，the expressions of CXCR4，NF-κBIA，TRIB1 and other genes increased，while the expression of CX3CR1 decreased. The expressions of APOA-Ⅱ，CRP，PF4 and AAT were increased，while the expressions of CFB and Gelsolin were decreased.
HIV/AIDSdampheat syndrome is closely related to inflammation. HIV/AIDS damp-heat syndrome has its specific molecular biological basis，which provides methods and basis for the objectization and standardization of traditional Chinese medicine.
Constipation can lead to gastrointestinal nervous dysfunction，which has a potential impact on colorectal cancer，hepatic encephalopathy and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases，and even induces cardiovascular and cerebrovascular accidents leading to sudden death. In clinical practice，if laxatives are used improperly，constipation aggravation and melanosis of colon often occur，leading to repeated attacks and poor prognosis. Zhishi（Aurantii Fructus Immaturus）-Houpo（Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex），as classic Qi-regulating drugs，have synergistic effects. They were first used in Dachengqi Decoction（大承气汤）and Xiaochengqi Decoction（小承气汤），Maziren Pill（麻子仁丸）and other prescriptions in ZHANG Zhongjing's Treatise on Cold Disease. The efficacy of these prescriptions in the treatment of constipation has been clinically verified. In this paper，the research progress of this drug in the treatment of functional constipation was reviewed，and its mechanism of action was discussed，in order to expand the idea of clinical rational drug use and new drug development.
Primary liver cancer（PLC）is referred to as“liver cancer”，the onset of which is insidious，and the patients are often in the advanced stage of the disease when they are diagnosed. Professor ZHOU Zhongying is good at identifying and treating diseases as a whole，and proposes that the common pathogenesis of acute and difficult diseases is a composite pathogenesis. Starting from the theory of compound pathogenesis，this paper explored the clinical diagnosis and treatment ideas of Professor ZHOU Zhongying in the treatment of PLC. It is believed that the combination of multiple pathological factors is the pathogenesis characteristic of PLC，among which damp-heat and blood stasis are the basic pathogenesis of PLC，and cancer metaplasia is the key link of PLC pathogenesis. Based on the theory of composite pathogenesis，the treatment of PLC can adopt the idea of multimethod combination and compound formula，which mainly included the treatment of vital Qi and evil spirits，the reconciliation of the five Zang-organs，the regulation of Qi，blood and fluid，and the treatment of anti-cancer and detoxification.
To study the intervention effect of Fuyuan Huoxue Decoction（复元活血汤）combined with Dahuang Zhechong Pill（大黄䗪虫丸）on cancer-induced fatigue of breast cancer under the guidance of exhaustion and dry blood theory.
A total of 240 patients diagnosed as breast cancer fatigue were divided into two groups according to the random number table，120 patients in the reference group were treated with chemotherapy and corresponding symptomatic treatment，and 120 patients in the study group were treated with Fuyuan Huoxue Decoction combined with Dahuang Zhechong Pill. The clinical efficacy of the two groups was observed and compared.
Compared with that of the reference group，the total effective rate of the study group was 95.83%（115/120），which was higher than that of the reference group（75.00%，90/120），and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）. After treatment，the fatigue degree of the study group was lower than that of the reference group，the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）. After treatment，the levels of CD3+and CD4+in the study group were higher than those in the reference group，and the level of CD8+was lower than that in the reference group，with statistical significance（P<0.05）. After treatment，compared with those of the reference group，the serum levels of TNF-αand IL-4 in the study group were lower than those in the reference group，and the levels of IL-2 and IFN-γwere higher in the study group with statistical significance（P<0.05）.
The combined treatment of Fuyuan Huoxue Decoction and Dahuang Zhechong Pill can effectively relieve the symptoms of cancer fatigue，reduce the inflammatory response and improve the immune function of the body，with high clinical application value.
To study the effect of Modified Shentong Zhuyu Decoction（身痛逐瘀汤加味）assisting Tuina therapy for chronic frozen shoulder on the changes of bradykinin（BK）and interleukin-1β（IL-1β）in patients.
One hundred patients with chronic frozen shoulder admitted to the Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from May 2022 to April 2023 were selected，and were divided into the Tuina group and the Modified Shentong Zhuyu Decoction group by the randomized numerical method. The Tuina group was treated with Tuina therapy，and the Modified Shentong Zhuyu Decoction group was treated with Modified Shentong Zhuyu Decoction on the basis of Tuina therapy，and the clinical effects of the two groups were analyzed.
The total effective rate was 96.00%（clinical cure rate 28.00% +significant effect rate 42.00% +effective rate 26.00%）in the Modified Shentong Zhuyu Decoction group was higher than that（84.00%）（clinical cure rate 18.00%+significant effect rate 36.00%+effective rate 30.00%）in the Tuina group，with a significant difference（P<0.05）. Before treatment，there was no difference in bradykinin（BK），5-hydroxytryptamine（5-HT）or inflammatory factors between the Tuina group and the Modified Shentong Zhuyu Decoction group（P>0.05）. The levels of BK，interleukin-18（IL-18），5-HT，IL-1β，interleukin-32（IL-32）and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor（GM-CSF）were lower in the Tuina and Modified Shentong Zhuyu Decoction groups compared with those before treatment（P<0.05），and they were lower in the Modified Shentong Zhuyu Decoction group compared with those in the Tuina group（P<0.05）. Before treatment，there was no difference between the McGill Pain Questionnaire score and American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons'Score（ASES）in the Tuina group and the Modified Shentong Zhuyu Decoction group（P>0.05）. McGill scores were lower in the Tuina and Modified Shentong Zhuyu Decoction groups than those before treatment（P<0.05），and lower in the Modified Shentong Zhuyu Decoction group than those in the Tuina group（P<0.05）. ASESscores were lower（P<0.05）in the Tuina and Modified Shentong Zhuyu Decoction groups than those before treatment，and the score in the Modified Shentong Zhuyu Decoction group higher（P<0.05）than that in the Tuina group.
Modified Shentong Zhuyu Decoction assisting Tuina therapy for chronic frozen shoulder can reduce the expressions of BK，5-HT and Inflammatory Factors and improve the daily living ability.
To observe the therapeutic effect and the levels of related inflammatory factors of electrical stimulation pain-relieving acupoints guided by meridian theory in the treatment of postoperative pain in anal and intestinal diseases.
A hundred and twenty patients with postoperative pain of anal diseases who met the inclusion criteria were randomly divided into a study group and a control group by using a random number table method. The control group consisted of 60 patients who followed the doctor's instructions to receive analgesics after surgery，while the study group consisted of 60 patients who received electroacupuncture combined with analgesics. The pain relief，the levels of inflammatory factors interleukin-6（IL-6）and tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α）were compared between the two groups before and after surgery. The acupoints used for electrical stimulation therapy were Changqiang（DU1），Zhibian（BL54），Chengshan（BL57），Shugu（BL65），Zhigou（SJ6）and Hegu（LI4），with an observation period of 7 days.
There was no significant difference in pain intensity between the control group and the study group before and 8 and 12 hours after postoperative pain treatment（P>0.05）. At 24 hours after pain treatment，there was no significant difference in the analgesic effect between the control group and the study group（P>0.05）. At 48 hours after pain treatment and the first bowel movement，the analgesic effect of the study group was significantly better than that of the control group，with a statistically significant difference（P<0.05）. After 7 days of pain treatment，the pain scores of the two groups of patients were similar（P>0.05）. Compared with those of the control group，the levels of IL-6 and TNF-αof the study group showed no downward trend before treatment and on the first day after treatment（P>0.05）. At the 3rd and 7th day time points，the level of IL-6 significantly decreased and was higher than that of the control group（P<0.05）. On the 3rd day，the level of TNF-αin the study group had a significant decrease（P<0.05），and there was still a downward trend after 7 days，but there was no significant difference compared to that in the control group（P>0.05）.
Under the guidance of meridian theory，electrical stimulation therapy combined with oral analgesics has a good therapeutic effect on postoperative pain of anal diseases，and can effectively alleviate pain during defecation，and significantly reduce the content of inflammatory factors. It has a positive effect on postoperative pain treatment of anal diseases.
To observe the clinical efficacy，recurrence rate and serum inflammation of patients with recurrent oral ulcer treated by Kouyanqing Granules（口炎清颗粒）combined with Kangfuxin Liquid（康复新液）.
Sixty patients with mild recurrent oral ulcer treated in the stomatology department of the hospital from January 2020 to September 2022 were selected as the research objects. The patients were divided into conventional treatment group and Kouyanqing Granules group by random number table method，with 30 cases in each group. The conventional treatment group was given Kangfuxin Liquid. The Kouyanqing Granules group was orally treated with Kouyanqing Granules on the basis of conventional treatment group. The clinical efficacy，clinical symptoms，recurrence rate and adverse reactions of the two groups were compared as well as the changes of serum inflammatory factors and immune function before and after intervention.
The effective rate of the conventional treatment group was 73.33%（22/30）and that of Kouyanqing Granules group was 93.33%（28/30）. Compared with the conventional treatment group，the effective rate of the Kouyanqing Granules group was significantly increased（P<0.05）. Compared with those of the conventional treatment group，the pain duration，wound healing time and feeding improvement time in the Kouyanqing Granules group were significantly shortened and the differences were statistically significant（P<0.01，P<0.05）. After the intervention，the levels of CD3+，CD4+and CD4+/CD8+in peripheral blood of the Kouyanqing Granules group were significantly higher than those of the conventional treatment group，while the levels of CD8+were significantly decreased（P<0.01，P<0.05）. After the intervention，the serum levels of IL-1，IL-6 and TNF-αin the Kouyanqing Granules group were significantly decreased compared with those in the conventional treatment group（P<0.01）. There was no significant difference in recurrence rate between the two groups at 3 and 6 months after the intervention（P>0.05）. However，compared with those of the conventional treatment group，the total recurrence rate of the Kouyanqing Granules group was significantly reduced（P<0.05）. No obvious drug-related adverse reactions or allergic reactions occurred in the two groups during the intervention.
Kouyanqing Granules combined with Kangfuxin Liquid have good clinical effects in the treatment of recurrent oral ulcer，which can significantly improve the clinical symptoms of patients and reduce the recurrence rate. Its mechanism of action is related to inhibiting serum inflammatory response and regulating the body's immune function.
To observe the effects of electroacupuncture（EA）preconditioning on cardiac function，myocardial injury related indexes and autophagy level in rats with myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury（MIRI），and to explore the possible mechanism of electroacupuncture preconditioning in improving MIRI.
Sixty male SD rats were randomly divided into five groups：sham operation group，model group，EA group，EA+saline group and EA+agonist group，with 12 rats in each group. The I/R model was established by ligation of left anterior descending coronary artery for 30 min and reperfusion for 4 h in rats. The EA group，EA+saline group and EA+agonist group were treated with EA intervention at Neiguan（PC6）for 20 min，once a day for successive4 days. In EA+agonist group，nigericin（1 mg/kg），an agonist of NLRP3 receptor，was injected intraperitoneally 30 min before each EA. In EA+saline group，saline was injected into abdominal cavity 30 min before each EA，and the dose was the same as that in agonist group. The echocardiography was used to observe left ventricular ejection fraction（LVEF）and left ventricular fractional shortening（LVFS）of rats 4 hours after modeling to evaluate cardiac function. Serum levels of IL-6 were de-tected by ELISA. HE staining was used to observe the myocardial tissue morphology of rats. The mRNA and protein expressions of NLRP3，Beclin 1，TRIF，Caspase-1，LC3 and IL-18 were detected by RT-qPCR and Western blot.
Compared with those of the sham operation group，the values of LVEF and LVFSin the model group were significantly decreased（P<0.05），and the myocardial fibers were disordered，with vague structure and large inflammatory infiltration. The level of IL-6 and the contents of NLRP3，TRIF，Beclin 1，LC3 mRNA and protein in the myocardial tissue were all increased（P<0.05）. Compared with those of the model group，the myocardial fiber breakage was reduced and a small amount of inflammatory cells infiltrated. In the EA group，the values of LVEF and LVFSwere significantly increased（P<0.05），the level of IL-6 and the expressions of NLRP3 mRNA and protein in myocardial tissue were all decreased（P<0.05），while the contents of TRIF，Beclin 1 and LC3 mRNA and protein were all increased（P<0.05）. Compared with those of the EA group，the levels of IL-6 and the contents of NLRP3，TRIF，Beclin 1，LC3 mRNA and protein and the values of LVEF and LVFSin the EA+saline group had no obvious changes（P>0.05）. In the EA+agonist group，the myocardial structure of rats was abnormal，with obvious tissue fibrosis and inflammatory infiltration，and the values of LVEF and LVFSin rats were obviously decreased（P<0.05）. The level of IL-6 and the expressions of NLRP3 mRNA and protein in myocardial tissue decreased（P<0.05），while the contents of TRIF，Beclin 1 and LC3 mRNA and protein increased（P<0.05）.
EA preconditioning can alleviate myocardial injury in I/R rats by regulating autophagy level，and its mechanism may be related to activating NLRP3/TRIF/Beclin 1 signal pathway.
To investigate the therapeutic effect of exercise combined with Chishao（Paeoniae Radix Rubra）on the rat model of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease（NAFLD）.
Forty male rats were divided into the blank control group，the model group，the exercise group，the Chishao（Paeoniae Radix Rubra）group and the exercise combined with Chishao（Paeoniae Radix Rubra）group. Except the blank control group，the other groups were continuously fed with a high-fat diet for 4 weeks，the blood of the rats was collected and the concentrations of alanine aminotransferase（ALT），aspartate aminotransferase（AST），triglyceride（TC），total cholesterol（TG），low-density lipoprotein（LDL-C），high-density lipoprotein（HDL-C），free fatty acid（FFA）and leptin were measured and the body weight and liver weight of the rats were measured.
Feeding with a highfat diet for 4 consecutive weeks could form an animal model of NAFLD rats. In the Chishao（Paeoniae Radix Rubra）group and the exercise combined with Chishao（Paeoniae Radix Rubra）group，the contents of ALT，AST，TC，TG，LDL-C and FFA in the rat serum were significantly lower than those in the model group（P<0.05）. The contents of HDL-Cand leptin in the rat serum in the Chishao（Paeoniae Radix Rubra）group and the exercise combined with Chishao（Paeoniae Radix Rubra）group were significantly higher than those in the model group（P<0.05）.
Chishao（Paeoniae Radix Rubra）can reduce the contents of ALT，AST，TC，TG，LDL-Cand FFA，and increase the contents of HDL-C and leptin to treat NAFLD rats.
To establish a gas chromatography mass spectrometry（GC-MS）technique using 1，1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl（DPPH）as a free radical for rapid screening of antioxidant active components in the oil extracted from Bangmaoluoxinfu（Trichonephila clavata）.
The method combining GC-MSchromatographic analysis with DPPH radical chemical reaction was used to screen antioxidant components by analyzing the changes in the chromatographic of the oil extracted from Bangmaoluoxinfu（Trichonephila clavata）before and after reaction with DPPH. Furthermore，the antioxidant activity of each compound was evaluated by the rate of reduction of the peak area of the chromatograms. At the same time，to verify the screening results of antioxidants by the DPPH-GC-MSmethod，a methodological study was carried out，and the free radical scavenging ability of the control product was determined by a microplate reader.
A total of 22 compounds were identified from the oil extracted from Bangmaoluoxinfu（Trichonephila clavata），accounting for 89.67% of the total，mainly consisting of fatty acids and esters，with relatively high levels of methyl oleate and methyl linoleate. Sixteen antioxidants were rapidly screened from them by the DPPH-GC-MSmethod，among which 2，4-Di-tert-butylphenol，ethyl stearate，linoleic acid，ethyl linoleate，ethyl oleate and palmitic acid ethyl ester showed strong antioxidant capacity. The results of activity verification showed that the DPPH-GC-MS method was reliable and can be used for rapid screening and identification of antioxidants in natural products.
The DPPH-GC-MSmethod can simply and efficiently screen out the antioxidants in the oil extracted from Bangmaoluoxinfu（Trichonephila clavata），and provided the experimental basis for further development and utilization of Bangmaoluoxinfu（Trichonephila clavata）resources.
To explore the effects and mechanisms of Arenobufagin on colorectal cancer using single-cell transcriptomics and organoid models.
Single-cell sequencing on colorectal cancer xenografts treated with Arenobufagin and phosphate buffered saline（PBS）was performed. The study analyzed the reduction in specific tumor cell subpopulations and their biological functions. EDU experiments assessed the impact of Arenobufagin on HCT 116 cell proliferation，and Western Blotting verified changes in protein expressions related to the Notch pathway. Organoid models were evaluated using Hematoxylin-Eosin and Immunohistochemistry staining.
The single-cell RNA sequencing results revealed that the proportion of the second tumor cell subpopulation significantly decreased following intervention. The subpopulation accounted for 21.57% in the PBS group and 14.16% in the Are group. Gene enrichment analysis indicated that these tumor cells were associated with biological processes such as protein transport，transcription regulated by RNA polymerase II，vesicle-mediated transport，negative regulation of transcription from DNA templates，vesicle-mediated transport from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus，apoptosis，tumor necrosis factor（TNF）signaling pathway，proteoglycans in cancer，ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation，cancer pathways，Notch signaling pathway，and Wnt signaling pathway. The EDU assay demonstrated that arenobufagin（Are）dose-dependently inhibited the proliferation of HCT116 cells within the concentration range of 100 nm to 300 nm compared to the PBSgroup. Western blot analysis showed that，compared to the PBSgroup，arenobufagin significantly increased the expression of BAX while downregulating the expression of BCL-2. Additionally，proteins associated with the Notch pathway，including Notch1，Jagged1，HES1，Cyclin D1，and DLL4，exhibited varying degrees of expression inhibition.
Arenobufagin effectively inhibits the proliferation and migration of colorectal cancer cells，likely through the suppression of the Notch signaling pathway.
To evaluate the in vitro and in vivo antitumor activity of near-infrared light responsive elemene nanoemulsion thermosensitive hydrogel（ICG-ELE-NE-gel）on 4T1 breast cancer cells when combined with 808 nm near infrared irradiation.
The biological safety of ICG-ELE-NE-gel was evaluated by hemolysis test in vitro. The effect of ICGELE-NE-gel on the proliferation of 4T1 cells in vitro was determined by MTT assay. The uptake effect of 4T1 cells was qualitatively observed by using an inverted fluorescence microscopy. And the changes of cell migration ability were investigated by cell scratch test. Infrared thermal imaging test and in vivo pharmacodynamic study were performed after the orthotopic transplantation animal model of 4T1 breast cancer in BALB/c mice was established. At the end of the pharmacodynamic experiment，the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α），interleukin-6（IL-6）and interferon-γ（IFN-γ）in plasma of 4T1 tumor-bearing BALB/c mice were measured by ELISA. The pathological changes of the tumor tissues were observed by H&E and TUNEL staining.
ICG-ELE-NE-gel had high biological safety and good photothermal stability. ICG-ELE-NE-gel could inhibit the migration of 4T1 cells in a concentration-and time-dependent manner. ICG-ELE-NE-gel could be successfully taken up by 4T1 cells and significantly inhibited the horizontal migration of 4T1 cells. ICG-ELE-NE-gel and its laser group could significantly inhibit the growth of body weight and tumor volume of 4T1 tumor-bearing mice. The hydrogel could also effectively inhibit the expressions of TNF-αand IL-6，and promote the expression of IFN-γ. The H&E and TUNEL pathological sections showed that the tumor tissues in ICG-ELE-NE-gel group had obvious tumor cell apoptosis. When combined with 808 nm laser irradiation，there was more extensive cell damage or apoptosis.
ICG-ELE-NE-gel combined with near-infrared light irradiation could enhance the anti-tumor activity of 4T1 breast tumor in vitro and in vivo，and possibly realize the photothermal-chemical combination therapy of breast cancer.
Asthma，characterized as an inflammatory disease of the airways，arises from a myriad of intricate causes. Existing studies have shown that the formation of asthma are heavily influenced by the NLRP3 inflammasome and other cellular inflammatory factors. Traditional Chinese medicine（TCM）has a significant therapeutic effect on asthma，but the mechanism is not known. This article aims to provide a review of TCM therapies such as TCM compound formulations that regulate the NLRP3 inflammasome and related cellular inflammatory factor system in the treatment of asthma. Studies have found that traditional Chinese medicine can positively influence asthma by modulating the immune system，enhancing the body's ability to remove reactive oxygen species（ROS）and improving endoplasmic reticulum stress levels，providing reference for further exploring the scientific effectiveness of TCM targeting NLRP3 inflammasome in the treatment of asthma.
Bushen Huoxue Prescription（补肾活血方，BHP），a traditional Chinese medicine formula，is used for the treatment of diabetic retinopathy（DR）. It is composed of four herbal ingredients. However，the absorbed prototypes and metabolites of BHP have not been extensively studied.
The plasma，liver，heart，spleen，lung，kidney，intestine，stomach，eye，urine and feces of SD rats at different time points were collected after intragastric administration of BHP. The absorbed prototypes and metabolites of BHPin rats were characterized using the UHPLC-Q-Exactive-MS/MSstrategy. The metabolic networks in rats after oral administration of BHP were constructed by molecular network.
Seventy-five absorbed prototypes and 123 metabolites were identified in rats belonging to different groups in BHP，including iridoids，phenylethanol glycosides，tanshinones，ginsenosides，isoflavonoids and other types of compounds. Phenylethanoid glycosides were derived from Dihuang（Rehmanniae Radix），which had low bioavailability and were easy to be biotransformed into metabolites such as methylation and glucuronidation，and were more distributed in the kidney. The prototype components of tanshinones and isoflavones were derived from Danshen（Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma）and Gegen（Puerariae Lobatae Radix）respectively，which were easily detected in rat plasma and tissues. The metabolic pathways were mainly hydroxylation，methylation and glucuronidation，and the products were easily distributed in plasma and liver and kidney tissues. Ginsenosides were easily hydrolyzed into protopanaxadiol and protopanaxatriol in the gastrointestinal tract of rats. After phase I metabolism such as dehydrogenation and deoxidation，the products were more distributed in the spleen.
These findings could reveal the mechanism of action of BHPin DR treatment and provide a method for the discovery of metabolites and metabolic pathways.
This article mainly analyzed and discussed the regulations on heavy metal residue limits for plant medicinal materials in the Pharmacopoeia of The People's Republic of China，understood the existing heavy metal limit regulations in the Pharmacopoeia of The People's Republic of China and provided reference for the revision of heavy metal residue regulations for plant medicinal materials in the future and corresponding countermeasures to promote the development of the medicinal value of plant medicinal materials.
The main research methods used in this project were literature research，statistical analysis and descriptive research，searching the literature for statistical analysis.
The Pharmacopoeia of The People's Republic of China has been conducting heavy metal testing since2000. The 2005 edition clearly defined the heavy metal content in plant medicinal materials and with the increase of years，we can add other plant medicinal material while maintaining the original heavy metal content. The heavy metal limits in the The Pharmacopoeia of The People's Republic of China are consistent with the Green Industry Standard for the Import and Export of Medicinal Plants and Preparations，and their values are stricter compared to the heavy metal limits of other countries and regions.
The formulation of heavy metal residue limit standards for plant medicinal materials in the Pharmacopoeia of The People's Republic of China is gradually being improved and perfected. The analysis and research of the standards for heavy metal residues in plant medicinal materials is a detailed explanation of the residual amount，stability，accuracy，objectivity and other characteristics of heavy metals in plant medicinal materials as reference indicators for monitoring and national basic medical and health standards.
This study was aimed to investigate effects of baicalin on ovarian glycometabolism process in aged mice.
Female ICR mice at the age of 10 months old were selected as the aged model，and were divided into the aged control group and baicalin group. Meanwhile，the mice aged 7 weeks old were set as the young control. The aged mice were orally administrated with 25 mg/kg baicalin，once a day for continuous 30 days. The other groups were orally administrated with the same dose of physiological saline solution. After the end of the experiments，peripheral blood，ovaries，liver，kidney and spleen of mice of each group were collected for assays of enzyme activities of glycometabolism key rate-limiting enzymes and expression levels of pro-apoptotic proteins as well as phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin（PI3K/AKT/mTOR）pathway.
The results showed that compared with those of the aged control，the general clinical manifestations of the aged mice with baicalin treatment were normal，the levels of serum follicle-stimulating hormone（FSH）diseased（P<0.05），the level of serum estradiol（E2）increased（P<0.05），the activity of glycometabolism key rate-limiting enzymes enhanced（P<0.001），the expressions of pro-apoptosis protein including BCL2 associated X protein（BAX）and cysteine aspartate-specific protease-3（Caspase-3）were inhibited and the expressions of PI3K，AKT，mTOR and their phosphorylated forms were suppressed.
These data above indicated that baicalin can regulate activities of glycometabolism key ratelimiting enzymes and expressions of pro-apoptotic proteins through PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway，so as to improve ovarian aging.
Polycystic ovary syndrome（PCOS）is a reproductive endocrine metabolic disease characterized by endocrine abnormalities，with menstrual disorders，infertility and hirsutism as the main clinical manifestations，seriously affecting the reproductive health of patients. The hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis（HPO axis）has secretion abnormalities in PCOS，such as abnormal pulse frequency of gonadotropin releasing hormone（GnRH），the increased ration of luteinizing hormone（LH）/folliclestimulating hormone（FSH），adrenal and ovarian androgen overproduction. In recent years，traditional Chinese medicine（TCM）has been widely used in the prevention and treatment of PCOSand has shown positive therapeutic effects. Flavonoids，one of the common active ingredients in Chinese medicine，can improve the hormone disorders in the HPO axis of PCOSthrough anti-inflammatory，antioxidant，autophagy and apoptosis pathways，and modulation of the PI3K/AKT pathway，the TGF-β1/Smad pathway，the MAPK/ERK pathway and so on. This article reviewed and analyzed the mechanisms of flavonoids in the treatment of HPO axis secretion disorders in PCOSin recent years，and provided theoretical references for their further development and treatment of PCOS.
As a traditional Chinese medicine commonly used folk medicine in clinic，Banbianlian（Lobelia chinensis）has the effects of clearing heat and detoxifying，promoting urination and eliminating edema. It can relieve snake venom and treat a variety of cancers. It mainly contains alkaloids，flavonoids，flavonoid glycosides，terpenoids，polyacetylenes，lignans，polysaccharides，amino acids and other components. It is widely used and has reliable curative effect. This paper summarized the current quality control of Banbianlian（Lobelia chinensis）and analyzed from the aspects of plant genetic relationship，compatibility environment，chemical composition and drug efficacy. It is preliminarily determined that the components such as lobeline，new lobeline A and new lobeline Bmay be the quality markers of Banbianlian（Lobelia chinensis），which provides a basis for the quality control and evaluation of Banbianlian（Lobelia chinensis）.
To observe the mechanism of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α（HIF-1α）/vascular endothelial growth factor（VEGF）/Notch signaling pathway regulated by the secretion of exosome miR-210 in ischemic stroke rats.
SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group，model group and electroacupuncture group，with 6 rats in each group. In the later stage experiment，SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group，model group，exosome group（plasma exosome extracted after injection of electroacupuncture after modeling）and miR-210siRNA group（plasma exosome and miR-210siRNA extracted after injection of electroacupuncture after modeling）. HIF-1αinhibitor group（plasma exosomes and HIF-1αinhibitor group extracted after electroacupuncture treatment after modeling），20 in each group. The modified middle cerebral artery occlusion（MCAO）rat model was established in the preliminary experiment，and was reperfused after ischemia for 1 h. The electroacupuncture group was treated with electroacupuncture，and“Shuigou（DU26）”and“Baihui（DU20）”were selected for 30 min for a total of 3 days. The plasma exosomes of the rats in the electroacupuncture group were extracted for injection in the later experimental exosome group，miR-210siRNA group and HIIF-1αinhibitor group. After the experiment was completed，the samples were collected. The nerve function of rats was evaluated by Longa nerve function deficit score before and after the experiment. The concentration of exosomes was measured by BCA and the morphology and size of exosomes were observed by transmission electron microscopy. The expressions of exosome signature proteins CD63，CD9 and CD81 were detected by Western blot. HE staining was used to observe the pathological morphology of cerebral ischemic tissue in rats. The expressions of miR-210mRNA，CD34，HIF-1α，VEGF and Notch mRNA in the exosomes of rats in the early experimental period and those in the striatal brain of rats in the late experimental period were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR.
Compared with those of the sham operation group，Longa nerve function scores in the model group were higher（P<0.001）. Compared with that of the model group，the Longa nerve function score of rats in the electroacupuncture group was lower（P<0.05）. Compared with that in the sham operation group，the exosome concentration in the model group and the electroacupuncture group was higher（P<0.001），and the presence of exosome signature proteins CD63，CD9 and CD81 was true，that is，there were exosomes in the serum extracted by electroacupuncture in the previous experiment. In the later experiment，compared with that of the model group，the percentage of cerebral infarction volume in the exosome group，miR-210siRNA group and HIF-1αinhibitor group decreased（P<0.001）and the neuronal swelling，nucleus atrophy and chromatin staining were improved in the exosome group. Expressions of miR-210mRNA，CD34，HIF-1α，VEGF and Notch mRNA were increased in exosome group，miR-210siRNA group and HIF-1αinhibitor group（P<0.05）. Compared with that of the exosome group，the percentage of cerebral infarction volume of rats in miR-210siRNA group and HIF-1αinhibitor group was increased（P<0.001）and the pathological damage of brain tissue of rats in both miR-210siRNA group and HIF-1αinhibitor group was increased. And compared with those in the miR-210siRNA group，the arrangement of nerve cells was more disordered，the number of dense mass was more and the nucleus wrinkled was more serious in the HIF-1αinhibitor group. The expressions of miR-210mRNA，CD34，HIF-1α，VEGF and Notch mRNA were decreased in miR-210siRNA group and HIF-1αinhibitor group（P<0.05）.
Electroacupuncture can alleviate nerve function injury in rats，promote the production of exosome miR-210，regulate HIF-1α/VEGF/Notch signaling pathway，promote angiogenesis after cerebral ischemia，and then alleviate cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury.
To study the clinical effect of Xinshuai No.1 Formula（心衰1号）combined with sacubitril valsartan in the treatment of chronic heart failure with hypotension.
A hundred patients with chronic heart failure and hypotension treated in the hospital from August 2022 to July 2023 were selected and divided into observation group and control group according to the random number table method，with 50 patients in each group. The patients in the control group were treated with sacubitril valsartan，and those in the observation group were treated with Xinshuai No.1 Formula combined with sacubitril valsartan for 4 weeks. The efficacy of cardiac function，blood pressure changes，serum inflammatory factors，quality of life and adverse reactions were observed and compared between the two groups.
The effective rate of cardiac function in the observation group was 68.00%（34/50），which was significantly higher than that in the control group（48.00%，24/50）（P<0.05）. After treatment，the systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure of the two groups were significantly increased（P<0.05），and the pressures of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group（P<0.05）. There was no significant difference in serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein（hs-CRP），interleukin-6（IL-6）or tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α）between the two groups before treatment（P>0.05）. After treatment，the serum inflammatory factors of the two groups were significantly reduced，and the levels of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group（P<0.05）. After treatment，the physical domain score and total score of the Chinese version of the Minnesota Heart Failure Quality of Life Scale（MLHFQ）in the two groups were significantly decreased，and the physical domain score and total score of the MLHFQ in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group（P<0.05）. The incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group and the control group was 8.00%（4/50）and 10.00%（5/50）and the difference was not statistically significant（P>0.05）.
The clinical effect of Xinshuai No.1 Formula combined with sacubitril valsartan in the treatment of chronic heart failure with hypotension is satisfactory. It can better improve the cardiac function and blood pressure level，reduce the body's inflammatory response and improve the quality of life of patients，and the treatment is safe and reliable.
Huangqi（Astragali Radix）is sweet，slightly warm and its meridian tropism is spleen and lung meridians. It is a common herbal medicine to replenish Qi and blood. In recent years，many experts have found that Huangqi（Astragali Radix）can not only be used for the treatment of medical diseases，but also has a good effect in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis（KOA）. There are many effective main components in Huangqi（Astragali Radix），such as Astragalus saponins，Astragalus flavones and Astragalus polysaccharides. Modern experiments have confirmed that Huangqi（Astragali Radix）and these active ingredients play an important role in the treatment of KOA. These active ingredients reduce the contents of inflammatory factors in the body or joint fluid，and also can reduce the negative effects of oxidative stress reaction，and ultimately reduce the degradation of cartilage，bone remodeling and inflammatory lesions of synovial tissue or fibrosis of synovial tissue. Finally，it alleviates the morphological changes of the joint and plays a role in preventing and treating KOA. These active ingredients have been proven to regulate chondrocyte metabolism and reduce the expressions of Bcl-2 and Bax，the key genes for apoptosis，under the action of Wnt/β-catenin，PI3K/AKT/mTOR，Hippo and other signaling pathways，thereby inhibiting the apoptosis of chondrocytes. It also can reduce the expressions of MMPs protein，protect typeⅡcollagen and agglutinoglycan in cartilage，and then prevent cartilage degeneration and delay the progression of KOA. This paper summarized the articles on Huangqi（Astragali Radix）and its active ingredients in the treatment of KOA in the past ten years，and described the role and mechanism of Huangqi（Astragali Radix）and its active ingredients in the treatment of KOA in detail，so as to provide direction and basis for the treatment of KOA.
To investigate the effects of Gegen Qinlian Decoction（葛根芩连汤，GQD）on cholesterol levels in inguinal adipose tissue（epididymal white adipose tissue，iWAT）and epididymal adipose tissue（epididymal white adipose tissue，eWAT）of type 2 diabetic rats and to explore the possible mechanism from the viewpoint of DNA methylation of genes encoding key enzymes of cholesterol synthesis.
Rats were divided into 5 groups：control group（CON），type 2 diabetes mellitus model group（T2DM），metformin group（MET），GQD low-dose and high-dose groups（GQDL，GQDH）which were given the corresponding medicines via gavage for 14 weeks. Choelsterol levels were determined by spectrophotometer. Western blot（WB），Quantitative Real-time PCR（QPCR）and Bisulfite sequencing PCR（BSP）were used to detect protein，mRNA expression and DNA methylation respectively.
Both MET and GQDH could effectively reverse cholesterol levels of iWAT and eWAT in diabeteic rats. Moreover，GQDL could effectively reverse cholesterol levels of eWAT. GQDL and GQDH effectively elevated the protein expression levels of Hmgcr inWAT and eWAT，however，treatment groups didn’t exhibit the increase of the mRNA expression of genes encoding key enzymes of cholesterol synthesis. CAs methylation of Hmgcr in iWAT and eWAT and CG3 methylation of Hmgcr in eWAT were correlated with FBG，GSP or insulin of serum. Furthermore，CG3 methylation of eWAT in T2DM group was significantly reduced，while CAs methylation of eWAT in MET group was significantly increased.
The effect of GQD or MET on reversing cholesterol level in adipose tissue of diabetic rats may not be achieved by regulating the biosynthesis of the cholesterol. However，GQD may promote the nonsterol branch of mevalonate pathway by post-transcriptional regulation of Hmgcr. The hypomethylation of CAs and CG3 in adipose tissue may be closely related to the progress of diabetes mellitus.
The correlation between the occurrence of diuretic resistance in chronic heart failure and traditional Chinese medicine（TCM）syndrome score was explored and the prevention of diuretic resistance in chronic heart failure and the reference basis for diagnosis and treatment were provided.
The data of hospitalized patients from2020 to 2022 was collected and stratified into two cohorts：those with diuretic resistance（154 cases）and those without diuretic resistance（265 cases）. Chi-square test and T-test were employed to compare the general data between the two groups. Logistic regression and Lasso regression were utilized to investigate the correlation between TCM syndrome score and diuretic resistance.
From 2020 to 2022，a total of 756 inpatients diagnosed with chronic heart failure were enrolled from sample hospitals. Among them，419 patients met the inclusion criteria，including 154 cases with diuretic resistance and 265 cases without diuretic resistance. Both groups received standard treatment consisting of traditional Chinese and Western medicine. There were no significant differences between the two groups in age，sex，cardiac function grade or combined diseases（P>0.05）and the two groups were comparable. The total admission score of the diuretic resistance group［（17.43±4.19）point］was significantly higher than that of the non-diuretic resistance group［（15.80±5.10）point］. Logistic regression model comparison showed that the scores of dyspnea（OR：1.359，95%CI：1.109～1.666），chest tightness and palpitation（OR：1.333，95%CI：1.092～1.628）and hypuria and limb swelling（OR：1.245，95%CI：1.105～1.404）at admission）was a risk factor for diuretic resistance when the patient was admitted. Las-so regression showed that the scores of dyspnea and hypuria and limb swelling were strongly correlated with diuretic resistance.
There is a correlation between diuretic resistance and TCM syndrome score in chronic heart failure. Patients'symptoms should be paid attention to and TCM syndrome score should be accurately evaluated when admitted to hospital.
Qingfengteng（Sinomenii Caulis）is a commonly used clinical drug to dispel wind-dampness，with the effect of dispelling wind dampness，dredging meridians and promoting urine. At present，alkaloids，triterpenoids，lignans，lactenate，anthraquinone，volatile oil and other compounds have been identified from Qingfengteng（Sinomenii Caulis），which have anti-inflammatory，analgesic，immunosuppression，anti-tumor and anti-cardiovascular diseases effects. According to the relevant literature at home and abroad in recent years，the chemical composition，pharmacological mechanism of action，clinical application and attenuation and efficiency strategies of Qingfengteng（Sinomenii Caulis）were summarized，so as to provide reference for the further development and utilization of the medicinal resources of Qingfengteng（Sinomenii Caulis）.
Chronic heart failure is a serious chronic disease with high incidence and poor prognosis，which threatens human health and quality of life. In the course of the disease，end-stage refractory water and sodium retention and diuretic resistance are the key and difficult points to be overcome urgently. The theory of"sweat being the liquid of the heart"comes from the traditional Chinese medicine classic Huangdi Neijing，which points out the close relationship between sweat and the heart. It not only explains the clinical phenomenon of abnormal sweating in patients with heart failure，but also provides a solution to the problem for patients with water and sodium retention. This article expounds the theoretical connotation of"sweat being the liquid of the heart"，traces the mechanism of action of sweat method in the treatment of chronic heart failure and the clinical application of Chinese and western medicine，in order to provide new enlightenment for the clinical treatment of heart failure.
To analyze and identify the chemical components of Guizhi Gancao Decoction（桂枝甘草汤）and its components migrating to blood after oral administration to rats using UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS method.
Chromatographic separation was carried out on XSelect HSST3 column（2.1 mm×150 mm，2.5μm）with gradient elution of acetonitrile-1% acetic acid solution as mobile phase at the flow rate of 0.3 mL/min. The column temperature was 35℃，and the detection was performed in positive and negative ion modes. The chemical components of Guizhi Gancao Decoction were analyzed according to the retention time，precise molecular weight，fragment ions，fragmentation pattern and comparison with the reference substances. By comparing the chromatographic and mass spectrometry information of blank plasma，medicated plasma and Guizhi Gancao Decoction samples，the components migrating to blood were analyzed.
A total of 68 chemical components were identified in Guizhi Gancao Decoction，including 30 flavonoids，16 triterpenoids，8 organic acids，5 aldehydes，3 coumarins and 6 other components. After oral administration of Guizhi Gancao Decoction，a total of 45 prototype components were identified in rat plasma.
The established UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MSmethod can rapidly characterize the whole chemical composition of Guizhi Gancao Decoction and its components migrating to blood in rats，providing a basis for further study on the pharmacodynamic material basis and quality control of Guizhi Gancao Decoction.
To discuss the efficacy of Modified Xiyangshen Baihe Maidong Decoction（加味西洋参百合麦冬汤）on immune function and renal function impairment in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.
One hundred and fifty patients with non-small cell lung cancer admitted to the hospital from August 2021 to February 2023 were selected，and assigned to treatment group（Modified Xiyangshen Baihe Maidong Decoction plus chemotherapy，73 cases）and control group（chemotherapy，77 cases）. Then the clinical efficacy，TCM syndrome score，immune function，inflammatory factors and toxic and side effect were compared between two groups.
The overall response rate（ORR）and disease control rate（DCR）were 53.42%（39/73）and 82.19%（60/73）in the treatment group，which were higher than 29.87%（23/77）and 62.34%（48/77）in the control group，with statistical difference（P<0.05）. TCM syndrome score was lower in the treatment group than that in the control group after treatment（P<0.05）. The proportion of CD+3，CD+4 and CD+4/CD+8，and natural killer（NK）cells showed an increase in the treatment group after treatment，and was larger than that in the control group（P<0.05）. Serum levels of interleukin-6（IL-6），tumour necrosis factor-α（TNF-α）and C-reaction protein（CRP）were lower in the treatment group than those in the control group（P<0.05）. The main toxic side effects were grade I-Ⅲ. The incidence of nausea and vomiting，leukopenia and renal function impairment in the treatment group was lower than that in the control group（P<0.05），whereas no statistical difference was reported in the incidence of myelosuppression between two groups（P>0.05）.
Application of Modified Xiyangshen Baihe Maidong Decoction combined with chemotherapy in patients with non-small cell lung cancer can effectively alleviate the clinical symptoms，improve immune function，attenuate inflammation response and reduce toxic side effects such as renal impairment.
To explore the clinical effect of the treatment of facial seborrheic dermatitis with heat excess in lung and stomach syndrome with the combination of Liangxue Qingfei Decoction（凉血清肺汤）and nitrate yellow liniment wet application.
A total of 102 acial seborrheic dermatitis patients with heat excess in lung and stomach syndrome admitted to the hospital from January 2022 to January 2023 were retrospectively selected and divided into study group（51 cases）and conventional group（51 cases）according to random number table method. The conventional group was treated with nitrate yellow liniment wet application and the study group was treated with Liangxue Qingfei Decoction combined with nitrate yellow liniment wet application. The clinical efficacy of patients after treatment，the eczema area severity index（EASI），investigator's global assessment（IGA），matrix metalloproteinase-3（MMP-3），interleukin-1β（IL-1β）and the adverse reactions during treatment were compared.
After treatment，the TCM symptom scores of two groups were lower than those before treatment（P<0.05），and the score of the study group was lower than that of the conventional group（P<0.05）. The total effective rate of the study group and the conventional group was 94.12%（48/51）and 72.55%（37/51），respectively，and the rate of the study group was higher than that of the conventional group（P<0.05）. The IGA and EASI scores of two groups were lower after treatment. The levels of MMP-3 and IL-1βin the study group were lower than those in the conventional group（P<0.05），and the levels of MMP-3 and IL-1βin the study group were lower than those in the conventional group after treatment（P<0.05）. There was no significant difference in the adverse reaction rate between the two groups（P>0.05）.
Liangxue Qingfei Decoction combined with nitrate yellow liniment wet application can improve the clinical efficacy，relieve symptoms，reduce IGA and EASI scores and improve the level of serum inflammation in patients with facial seborrheic dermatitis.
To study the effect of acupuncture combined with traditional Chinese medicine decoction on knee osteoarthritis and its effect on serum inflammatory pain mediators.
From August 2020 to January 2022，80 patients with knee osteoarthritis in the Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College were divided into two groups according to the random number table method，40 cases in the control group and 40 cases in the observation group. The control group was treated with fire acupuncture alone，and the treatment group was treated with acupuncture combined with traditional Chinese medicine decoction. After 8 weeks of treatment，the efficacy，the levels of inflammatory factors interleukin-1（IL-1），interleukin-6（IL-6）and tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α），knee joint pain and activity，osteoarthritis index and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.
The total effective rate of the treatment group was 97.50%（39/40），which was significantly higher than that of the control group（80.00%，32/40），and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）. After treatment，the levels of inflammatory factors（IL-1，IL-6，TNF-α）in the two groups were significantly decreased（P<0.001），and the levels in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group（P<0.001）. Before treatment，there was no significant difference in visual analogue scale（VAS），active activity and passive activity between the two groups（P>0.05）. After treatment，the VASscores of the two groups were significantly decreased，and the active activity and passive activity were significantly increased（P<0.001）. The VASscores，active activity and passive activity of the treatment group were significantly better than those of the control group（P<0.05）. There was no significant difference in Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index（WOMAC）scores between the two groups before treatment（P>0.05）. After treatment，the WOMAC scores of the two groups decreased significantly（P<0.001），and the WOMAC score of the treatment group was significantly lower than that of the control group（P<0.05）. The incidence of adverse reactions in the treatment group and the control group was 7.50%（3/40）and 10.00%（4/40），and the difference was not statistically significant（P>0.05）.
The curative effect of acupuncture combined with traditional Chinese medicine decoction in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis is significant. It can reduce the levels of inflammatory factors and better relieve the pain of knee joint of knee joint，so as to improve the condition of knee joint.
To explore the clinical study of blood letting puncture combined with“Tongji”electroacupuncture in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation.
From January 2022 to January 2023，88 patients with lumbar disc herniation were selected from the acupuncture and moxibustion department of the hospital. According to the treatment method，the patients were divided into an observation group（48 cases）and a control group（40 cases）. The control group was treated with traditional conventional acupuncture，while the observation group was treated with blood letting puncture and“Tongji”electroacupuncture for lumbar disc herniation. The changes of pain visual analogue score（VAS），Japanese Orthopaedic Association（JOA）score，bradykinin（BK），substance P（SP），Fas-FasL factor in peripheral venous blood，clinical efficacy，and serum inflammatory factor interleukin-6（IL-6），tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α），C-reactive protein（CRP）and Oswestry disability index（ODI）before and after treatment between the two groups were observed and compared. There was no obvious difference in the levels of SP，BK or Fas-FasL between two groups before treatment（P>0.05）. After 7 and 14 days of treatment，the levels of SPand BK in the serum of the observation group were obvious lower than those of the control group（P<0.05）. After 7 and 14 days of treatment，there was no obvious difference in Fas-FasL between two groups（P>0.05）. There was no obvious difference in VASbetween two groups before treatment（P>0.05）. After 7 and 14 days of treatment，the VASscore of the observation group was obvious lower than that of the control group（P<0.05）. There was no obvious difference in JOA between two groups before treatment（P>0.05）. After 7 and 14 days of treatment，the JOA score of the observation group was obvious higher than that of the control group（P<0.05）. The total effective rate of the observation group（97.92%，47/48）was higher than that of the control group（82.50%，33/40），and the difference was obvious（P<0.05）. The levels of IL-6 and TNF-αin two groups before treatment. There was no obvious difference in CRP（P>0.05）. The levels of IL-6，TNF-αand CRPof the observation group after treatment were significantly reduced compared to those of the control group（P<0.05）. There was no obvious difference in ODI between two groups before treatment（P>0.05）. After treatment，the ODI score of the observation group was obvious lower than that of the control group（P<0.05）.
Acupuncture and blood letting puncture combined with“Tongji”electroacupuncture significantly improved the patients'quality of life，increased the levels of BK and SP，reduced treatment cycles and significantly lowered the levels of inflammatory factors.
To study the effect of dispersing lung and descending Qi acupuncture combined with Ditan Decoction（涤痰汤）on lung function in patients complicating pulmonary infection during the recovery period of ischemic stroke.
Eighty patients complicating pulmonary infection during recovery period of ischemic stroke admitted to the hospital from July 2022 to July 2023 were enrolled，and assigned into two groups using random number table method，each with 40 cases. The control group received conventional Western medicine and dispersing lung and descending Qi acupuncture. Based on this，the observation group added Ditan Decoction. Then the outcome criteria were compared between two groups，including clinical efficacy，clinical pulmonary infection score（CPIS），forced expiratory volume in the first second（FEV1），maximum voluntary ventilation（MVV），peak expiratory flow（PEF），forced vital capacity（FVC），alveolar partial pressure of oxygen（PaO2），potential of hydrogen（pH），partial pressure of carbon dioxide in artery（PaCO2），cough score，sputum score，fatigue severity scale（FSS）score and incidence of adverse reactions.
No statistical difference was reported between two groups in CPIS，cough score，sputum score，FSS，PaO2，pH，PaCO2，FEV1，MVV，FVC or PEF（P>0.05）. After treatment，the overall efficacy rate was 97.50%（39/40）in the observation group，which was higher than 85.00%（34/40）in the control group（P<0.05）. After 2 and 4 of treatment，CPIS，cough，sputum and FSSscores showed a reduction in both groups（P<0.05），and the reduction was more notable in the observation group than that in the control group（P<0.05）. After 2 and 4 weeks of treatment，an increase in PaO2 as well as a decrease in PaCO2 and pH were observed in two groups（P<0.05），and both improvements were more remarkable in the observation group than those in the control group（P<0.05）. An elevation in FEV1，MVV，PEFand FVCwas measured in both groups after 2 and 4 weeks of treatment，and the elevation was more significant in the observation group than that in the control group（P<0.05）. The adverse reaction rate was 7.50%（3/40）in the observation group，which was slightly lower than 10.00%（4/40）in the control group，with no statistical difference（P>0.05）.
Application of dispersing lung and descending Qi acupuncture combined with Ditan Decoction on lung function in patients complicating pulmonary infection during the recovery period of ischemic stroke can effectively ameliorate the clinical symptoms，and has a good safety profile.
To investigate the effect of Wuzi Xiezhuo Decoction（五子泄浊汤）combined with acupuncture on glucose and lipid metabolism and ovulation rate in obese polycystic ovary syndrome.
Eighty cases of obese polycystic ovary syndrome were randomly divided into a control group and a study group，with 40 cases in each group. The control group was given Diane-35 and Metformin orally，and the study group was given Wuzi Xiezhuo Decoction combined with acupuncture at abdominal acupoints. The changes of glucose metabolism index，lipid metabolism index，sex hormone level and ovulation were observed before and after treatment.
The levels of fasting blood sugar（FBG），fasting insulin（FINS）and homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance（HOMA-IR）before treatment in the study group and the control group were not significant（P>0.05）. The above indexes decreased after treatment compared with those before treatment，and the decline level in the study group was greater than that in the control group（P<0.05）. The levels of total serum cholesterol（TC），triacylglycerol（TG），high-density lipoprotein cholesterol（HDL-C）and low density lipoprotein cholesterol（LDL-C）in the two groups before treatment were compared（P>0.05）. The levels of TC，TG and LDL-C after treatment were lower than those before treatment，and the decline level in the study group was greater than that in the control group. The level of HDL-Cincreased compared to that before treatment，and the level of increase in the study group was higher than that in the control group（P<0.05）. Before treatment，the levels of follicle stimulating hormone（FSH），luteinizing hormone（LH），progesterone（P）and LH/FSH in the two groups were not significant（P>0.05）. After treatment，the levels of LH，P and LH/FSH decreased compared with those before treatment，and the decrease level in the study group was greater than that in the control group. After treatment，the FSH increased compared with that before treatment，and the increase level in the study group was greater than that in the control group（P<0.05）. Compared with that of the control group before treatment，the ovulation rate of the study group increased after treatment（P>0.05），and the level of increase in the study group was higher than that of the control group（P<0.05）.
The treatment of obesity polycystic ovary syndrome with Wuzi Xiezhuo Decoction combined with acupuncture is helpful to improve the disorder of glucose and lipid metabolism，further regulate the levels of sex hormones and increase the ovulation rate.
To observe the clinical effect of Wenpi Huayu Recipe（温脾化瘀方）combined with musk moxibustion on pancreatic cancer.
In this study，a total of 105 patients with pancreatic cancer（admitted from July 2020 to July 2023）were divided into two groups by random number table method. The patients in the control group（52 cases）received clinical symptomatic treatment and chemotherapy and those in the observation group（53 cases）received combined treatment with Wenpi Huayu Recipe and musk moxibustion on the basis of the treatment in the control group. During the study，1 case fell off in the control group and 1 case in the observation group. The data of each group was observed，including curative effect，TCM syndrome scores（abdominal lumps，limb coldness，overeating，limb edema，abdominal distension，etc），the levels of carcinoembryonic antigen and carbohydrate antigen 199（CA199）before and after treatment，the levels of interleukin-6（IL-6），interleukin-10（IL-10），tumor necrosis factorα（TNF-α）and other inflammatory factors，the levels of T lymphocyte subsets CD3+，CD4+，CD8+，adverse reactions and changes of Karnofsky performance status（KPS）before and after treatment.
The treatment effect of the observation group was better than that of the control group（P<0.05）. Before treatment，TCM syndrome scores（abdominal lumps，limb coldness，overeating，limb edema，abdominal distension，etc），the levels of CA199，IL-6，IL-10，TNF-α，CD3+，CD4+and CD8+and KPSscores were not significant in both groups（P>0.05）. After treatment，TCM syndrome scores（abdominal lumps，limb coldness，overeating，limb edema，abdominal distension，etc），levels of carcinoembryonic antigen and CA199，IL-6 and IL-10，TNF-αand CD3+，CD4+and CD8+of patients in all groups were decreased，and KPSscores were increased. Traditional Chinese medicine syndrome scores（abdominal mass，limb chills，lack of food，limb edema，abdominal dis-tension，etc.），levels of carcinoembryonic antigen，CA199，IL-6，IL-10 and TNF-αin observation group were lower than those in control group，and the levels of CD3+，CD4+and CD8+and KPS scores were higher than those in the control group（P<0.05）. The adverse reaction rate of the observation group was lower than that of the control group（P<0.05）.
Wenpi Huayu Recipe combined with musk moxibustion has good clinical effect in the treatment of pancreatic cancer，which can effectively inhibit tumor cells，relieve the symptoms，inhibit the body's inflammatory response，improve the body's immune capacity and quality of life，alleviate the adverse reactions of chemotherapy and ensure the treatment safety，and the treatment is worthy of application.
To study the effects of endoscopic mucosal dissection（ESD）endoscopic surgery combined with Yiwei Sijunzi Decoction（益胃四君子汤）on the serum regulatory function of mucosal repair and indicators such as glutathione peroxidase（GSH-Px），hypoxia inducible factor-1α（HIF-1α）and vascular endothelial growth factor（VEGF）in patients with precancerous lesions of chronic atrophic gastritis.
A retrospective analysis was conducted on 93 patients with chronic atrophic gastritis precancerous lesions admitted to the hospital. The patients were divided into two groups. The control group（46 cases）received Weifuchun Tablets（胃复春片），while the experimental group（47 cases）received Yiwei Sijunzi Decoction. The correlation between the mechanisms of gastric mucosal repair［epidermal growth factor（EGF），epidermal growth factor receptor（EGFR）］，angiogenesis（HIF-1α，VEGF），serum p53，malondialdehyde（MDA），GSH-Px and clinical efficacy were compared between the two groups before and after treatment.
After one month of treatment，the expressions of EGF，EGFR，HIF-1α and VEGF，and the serum levels of p53 and MDA in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group，and the expression of GSH-Px was significantly higher than that in the control group（P<0.05）. The total therapeutic effect（76.09%，35/46）in the control group was significantly lower than that（91.49%，43/47）in the experimental group（P<0.05）.
ESD endoscopy combined with Yiwei Sijunzi Decoction can effectively reduce the overexpressions of gastric mucosal repair factors and angiogenic factors in patients with precancerous lesions of chronic atrophic gastritis，increase the expression of GSH-Px，and has good clinical efficacy.
Gouqi（Lycii Fructus）is a Chinese drug which is homology of medicine and food with the effect of nourishing liver and kidney，nourishing the essence and brightening the eyes. Pigment is one of the main active components of Gouqi（Lycii Fructus），which has pharmacological activities such as antioxidant，anti-tumor，vision protection and liver protection effects. Different extraction and purification methods have varying degrees of impact on the contents and purities of pigments. This paper summarized the extraction methods，separation and purification，chemical composition and main pharmacological activities of pigments from Gouqi（Lycii Fructus）and prospected their research prospects，providing theoretical support for the further development and utilization of pigments from Gouqi（Lycii Fructus）.
Processing Chinese medicinal materials while they are fresh has advantages over traditional processing，such as improving production efficiency，reducing production costs，minimizing the loss of active ingredients and facilitating storage and transportation. Origin processing is a key technical link in the formation of the quality of Chinese medicinal materials，and different origin processing methods have a certain impact on the appearance and internal quality of Chinese medicinal materials. Drying is one of the key processes in the processing of traditional Chinese medicine and decoction pieces. The drying methods and process parameters in the production area have a significant impact on the quality of traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces，and there are differences in drying methods and temperatures among different medicinal parts. This article classified Chinese medicinal materials according to their medicinal parts. Roots and rhizomes are generally dried at a low temperature around 60℃，while leaves，whole grass and flowers are not suitable for high-temperature drying as traditional processing methods such as shade drying or low-temperature drying are used. Some skin type Chinese medicinal materials are rich in volatile oil，and the main drying methods are low-temperature drying and freeze-drying. Seed and fruit type Chinese medicinal materials are generally dried at low temperature. Through sorting out and summarized the processing technology of origin processing of traditional Chinese medicine，the influence of drying on the chemical components of traditional Chinese medicine in the“integration”process was analyzed. It is urgent to seek scientific and reasonable origin processing methods to provide reference for future research on origin processing processing directions.
Guanxinning Tablets（冠心宁片）have good clinical efficacy and safety in the treatment of coronary heart disease. This consensus is based on existing evidence，fully combined with expert experience，and follows the principle of“evidencebased approach，consensus as a supplement，experience as a mirror”，and jointly developed by 44 traditional Chinese and western medicine clinical and methodological，pharmaceutical and other multidisciplinary experts. The internationally recognized GRADE evidence grading standard was adopted，and the nominal group method was used to comprehensively consider the evidence quality，efficacy，safety，patient acceptability and other five aspects of Guanxinning Tablets. This consensus has formed recommendations and consensus recommendations on the advantages，administration plan and timing，dosage and course characteristics，and safety issues of Guanxinning Tablets in the treatment of coronary heart disease. By means of expert meetings and letter reviews，opinions and target user evaluations were solicited nationwide，providing decision-making basis for rational clinical drug use.
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