ArchiveMitophagy acts as a crucial mediator in the progression of heart failure（HF）after myocardial infarction（MI），characterized by the clearance of the damaged mitochondria and the maintenance of mitochondrial homeostasis. The regulation of mitophagy exerts a protective effect on cardiomyocytes post-MI. The theory of “harmful hyperactivity and responding inhibition” in traditional Chinese medicine elucidates the physiological and pathological phenomena in the human body and guides the clinical practice. The pathological mechanism underlying mitophagy dysfunction in HF after MI aligns with the theoretical essence that “hyperactivity is harmful，and commitment is a control.” The involvement of the internal organs results in the impaired Qi transformation，leading to the failure of the dispersal of essence，blood and body fluids，as well as the obstruction of phlegm，water and stagnant toxins within the heart vessels. This presents an excess of harm，manifested by the accumulation of inflammatory factors and reactive oxygen species（ROS），which contributes to the aggravation of mitophagy dysfunction. The interaction between these two aspects creates a vicious cycle that is pivotal to the progression from MI to HF. Adhering to the treatment principle of “restraining excess and alleviating hyperactivity”，and applying traditional Chinese medicine interventions that respect the pathogenesis characteristics can inhibit the mitochondrial damage，regulate the mitophagy，promote the clearance of inflammatory factors and ROS，protect the cardiomyocytes，and improve the cardiac function.
Awei（Ferulae Resina）first appeared in the Tang Dynasty's Newly Compiled Materia Medica（Xinxiu Bencao）. Before 1975，it was mainly imported from countries like Iran and Afghanistan. This traditional Chinese medicine，which has a history of over 1300 years recorded in herbal literature，has always been shrouded in mystery. To explore the true nature of imported Awei（Ferulae Resina），the author processed herbalogical study on the name，habitat and original plants，and then traveled to eastern Iran for an on-site investigation to clarify the source plant，harvesting methods，resources and applications. The results show that in ancient times，Awei（Ferulae Resina）imported from Iran is the mainstream for medicinal use，and Awei（Ferulae Resina）produced in Xinjiang may also have been used. The investigation results indicate that imported Awei（Ferulae Resina）is the dried resin of the perennial herb Awei（Ferula assa-foetida L.）from the Umbelliferae family. Wild resources of Awei（Ferula assa-foetida L.）are scarce and it is considered an endangered species in Iran，although it has been successfully cultivated. There are two methods for collecting Awei（Ferulae Resina）：（1）Before flowering，in the second or third year，the growing point around the underground root is cut to obtain resin.（2）During the flowering period，the stalk is broken from the root，shaded，and after a certain amount of resin has oozed out，it is scraped off. This process is repeated until the resin is exhausted. In Iran，the tender roots，petioles，leaf，flower clusters and fruits of Awei（Ferula assa-foetida L.）are all edible or used as spices. Additionally，Ferulae Resina is known locally for its digestive aid，expectorant，laxative，calming，analgesic，anti-parasitic，aphrodisiac and preservative properties. In the future，it is suggested that the resin of Xinjiang Awei（F. sinkiangensis K. M. Shen）or Fukang Awei（F. fukanensis K. M. Shen）in China can adopt local Iranian methods for multiple harvests to increase yield. To protect the resources of Xinjiang Awei（F. sinkiangensis K. M. Shen）or Fukang Awei（F. fukanensis K. M. Shen），it is also suggested that Awei（F. assa-foetida L.）should be recorded as one of the official original plants in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia.
Machine learning，as the core driving force of artificial intelligence，brings opportunities and challenges to the development of traditional Chinese medicine in the context of rapid development of information technology. Its combination with traditional Chinese medicine research has significantly promoted the standardization，efficiency and intelligence process of traditional Chinese medicine disease syndrome system，but it is still in the exploration stage. In this paper，it provided an overview of the research progress of machine learning in the field of traditional Chinese medicine from the fields of ancient literature，experience of famous doctors，syndrome-based diagnosis，disease prediction，as well as traditional Chinese medicine and acupuncture，and discussed its future development trend，with a view to providing new methodological ideas for the application of intelligent technologies，such as machine learning，to the study of traditional Chinese medicine.
To solve the problem of poor recognition performance of current traditional Chinese medicine case naming entity recognition models，and to improve the efficiency and accuracy of the structuring of traditional Chinese medicine cases.
A BDM-CRF named entity recognition neural network model was constructed to integrate multi-dimensional information. The model integrated Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory（BiLSTM），Gated-Dilated Convolutional Neural Networks（DGCNN）and Multi-Head Attention（MHA）models for multi-dimensional feature extraction. The feature extraction results were constrained by the Conditional Random Field（CRF）model. The effectiveness of the model was verified through comparative experiments，ablation experiments，pre-training model comparison experiments and neural network structure comparison experiments，validating and demonstrating the extraction performance of the model through case analysis.
The model proposed in this study achieved an average improvement of 2.30% in precision，4.73% in recall and 3.53% in F1 score compared to those of the control model. The case analysis results indicated that the model in this study can correctly identify most of the entity content in the text of traditional Chinese medicine medical cases.
The proposed model for the named entity recognition in traditional Chinese medicine（TCM）medical records，which integrates multi-dimensional information，can achieve better recognition results，effectively improve the accuracy and efficiency of TCM medical record structuring，and promote the intelligent processing of TCM medical records.
Based on Toll-like receptor 4（TLR-4）/MyD88/nuclear factor kappa-B（NF-κB）signal pathway，the regulatory effect of warm acupuncture on rabbit model of knee osteoarthritis was observed，and the mechanism of warm acupuncture in treating knee osteoarthritis was discussed.
Forty healthy big-ear white rabbits were randomly divided into blank group，model group，warm acupuncture group and western medicine group，with 10 rabbits in each group. The model of knee osteoarthritis was established by improved Hulth method. After four weeks of intervention，two rabbits were randomly killed. The pathological examination showed that the model was successful. HE staining was used to observe the morphological changes of rabbit knee joint and Mankin's score was made. Immunohistochemical method was used to observe the expressions of TLR-4，MyD88 and NF-κB in rabbit knee cartilage，and semi-quantitative analysis was made. The contents of interleukin-6（IL-6），interleukin-1β（IL-1β）and tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α）in rabbit serum were detected by ELISA. The protein expression levels of TLR-4，MyD88 and NF-κB in cartilage were detected by Wes automatic protein blot quantitative analysis system.
HE staining showed that the cartilage tissue of knee joint in the blank group was smooth without any pathological changes. In the model group，the surface of cartilage tissue was rough，and chondrocytes were clustered or reduced. The surface of cartilage tissue in warm acupuncture group and western medicine group was uneven，with a few cracks and a small amount of inflammatory cell infiltration. Compared with the blank group，the serum levels of IL-6，IL-1β and TNF-α in the model group increased significantly（P<0.05），while those in the warm acupuncture group and western medicine group decreased significantly（P<0.05）. Compared with those of the blank group，the expressions of TLR-4，MyD88 and NF-κB protein in cartilage tissue of the model group were significantly increased（P<0.05），while the expressions of TLR-4，MyD88 and NF-κB protein in cartilage tissue of the warm acupuncture group and western medicine group were significantly decreased（P<0.05），and the effect of the warm acupuncture group was more significant.
Warm acupuncture can inhibit the activation of TLR-4/MyD88/NF-κB signal pathway，reduce the contents of IL-6，IL-1β and TNF-α downstream，alleviate the inflammatory reaction，delay the progress of the disease，achieve the purpose of treating knee osteoarthritis，and repair the cartilage tissue to a certain extent.
To study the efficacy of Shenmai Injection（参麦注射液）in the treatment of diabetic lung injury and its effect on lung function and inflammatory factors in patients with diabetic lung injury.
A total of 110 patients with diabetic lung injury treated in the emergency department of the hospital from August 2021 to January 2024 were selected and divided into two groups according to the random number table method，with 55 cases in each group. The patients in the control group were treated with conventional western medicine，and those in the observation group were treated with Shenmai Injection on the basis of the control group for 10 days. The effective rate of traditional Chinese medicine（TCM）syndromes，lung function［forced vital capacity（FVC），oxygenation index（OI），static compliance（Cst）］，inflammatory factors［tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α），interleukin（IL）-6，IL-10］ and incidence of adverse reactions between two groups of patients.
The total effective rates of the observation group and the control group were 96.36% （53/55）and 83.64%（46/55），respectively. The rate of the observation group was higher than that of the control group and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）. After treatment，the values of FVC，OI and Cst of both groups significantly increased，and the values of the observation group were higher than those of the control group（P<0.05）. After treatment，the serum levels of TNF-α，IL-6 and IL-10 in both groups were significantly reduced，and the levels of the observation group were lower than those of the control group（P<0.05）. No serious adverse reactions occurred in either group.
Shenmai Injection is effective in the treatment of diabetic lung injury. It can effectively improve the lung function of patients，reduce the levels of inflammatory factors，and promote the relief of symptoms. It is a safe and effective treatment plan.
To study the efficacy of Shensong Yangxin Capsule（参松养心胶囊）in the treatment of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation and its effect on the levels of serum creatine kinase（CK），creatine kinase isoenzyme（creatine kinase-MB，CK-MB）and cardiac troponin I（cTnI）in patients.
A total of 320 patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation diagnosed and treated in the hospital from January 2021 to February 2024 were selected as the research objects. According to the treatment plan，they were divided into two groups. A hundred and sixty patients treated with conventional western medicine were as the control group，and the other 160 patients treated with Shensong Yangxin Capsule on the basis of conventional western medicine were as the observation group. The curative effect，TCM syndrome scores，serum myocardial injury markers，cardiac function indexes and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.
The total effective rate of the observation group was 97.50%（156/160），which was significantly higher than that of the control group（92.50%，148/160）（P<0.05）. After treatment，the scores of palpitation，chest tightness，upset，poor sleep，dizziness and fatigue in the two groups were significantly decreased（P<0.05），and those in the observation group were lower than the control group（P<0.05）. After treatment，the levels of serum CK，CK-MB and cTnI in the two groups were significantly decreased（P<0.05），and those in the observation group were lower than those in the control group（P<0.05）. After treatment，the left atrial diameter（LAD）of the two groups decreased，and the left ventricular ejection fraction（LVEF）and stroke volume（SV）increased. The indexes of the observation group were better than those of the control group（P<0.05）.
Shensong Yangxin Capsule is effective in the treatment of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. It can better improve TCM syndromes，reduce myocardial injury and improve cardiac function. It is worthy of application.
Zaojiaoci（Gleditsiae Spina）is a dry thorn of the leguminous plant Zaojia（Gleditsia sinensis Lam），which has the function of reducing swelling and supporting poison，expelling pus and killing insects. The main chemical components include polyphenols，flavonoids，terpenoids，sterols，etc. Modern pharmacology indicates that Zaojiaoci（Gleditsiae Spina）has various pharmacological effects such as anti-tumor，anti-bacterial，anti-coagulation，immune regulation and anti-allergy effects. However，there is no index component for quality control in recorded of Zaojiaoci（Gleditsiae Spina）in Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Furthermore，there is no systematical standard basis for interpreting the relationship between its “composition” and “quality”. Therefore，the chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Zaojiaoci（Gleditsiae Spina）were summarized. According to the concept of quality marker（Q-Marker），the Q-Markers of Zaojiaoci（Gleditsiae Spina）were predicted from the aspects of plant relatives，chemical composition specificity，composition and efficacy correlation，traditional medicinal properties，compound compatibility and chemical measurement of chemical composition，which provided the basis for the quality evaluation and rational development and utilization of Gleditsiae Spina.
Daqingye（Isatidis Folium）is the dried leaves of Songlan（Isatis indigotica Fort）. Its chemical composition mainly includes alkaloids，organic acids，flavonoids，lignans，etc.，with antiviral，anti-endotoxin，anti-inflammatory，antibacterial，antioxidant，anti-tumor，immune regulation and other effects. Based on the research progress of chemical components and pharmacological effects of Daqingye（Isatidis Folium），the quality markers of Daqingye（Isatidis Folium）were predicted and analyzed from the aspects of transmission and traceability，plant genetics，chemical component specificity，effectiveness and measurability. It is predicted that indirubin，indigo，tryptanthrin，4（3H）- quinazolinone，1，2，2＇-tri-O-E-sinapoyl-β-gentiobiose，1，2，6＇-tri-O-E-sinapoylgentiobiose，isovitexin，isoscoparin and lariciresinol can be used as the candidate compounds of the quality markers of Daqingye（Isatidis Folium），which can provided a reference for improving the quality evaluation system of Daqingye（Isatidis Folium）.
To analyze the clinical efficacy and regression of patients with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome treated with Modified Xuanbai Chengqi Decoction（宣白承气汤加减）.
A total of 120 patients with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome were selected for the study，60 cases of the control group were treated with conventional treatment，and 60 cases of the observation group were treated with auxiliary treatment of Modified Xuanbai Chengqi Decoction based on the above mentioned foundation. The blood gas indicators，traditional Chinese medicine syndrome scores，inflammatory factors，acute physiology and chronic health conditions（APACHE Ⅱ），sequential organ failure assessment（SOFA）scores，mechanical ventilation time and ICU stay time of the two groups were compared between the two groups.
The level of partial pressure of carbon dioxide（PaCO2）of the observation group was lower than that of the control group and the levels of partial pressure of oxygen（PaO2）and PaO2/fraction of inspiration O2（FiO2）were higher than those of the control group after 3 d and 7 d of treatment（P<0.05）. The traditional Chinese medicine syndrome scores of the observation group were lower than those of the control group，and the time of mechanical ventilation and ICU hospitalization were shorter than those of the control group after treatment（P<0.05）. The levels of interleukin-1β（IL-1β），tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α）and interleukin-6（IL-6）of the observation group were lower than those of the control group after 3 d and 7 d of treatment（P<0.05）. The APACHE Ⅱ scores and SOFA scores were lower than those of the control group after treatment（P<0.05）.
The application of Modified Xuanbai Chengqi Decoction adjuvant treatment for patients with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome is conducive to improving the patients＇ oxygenation index and blood oxygen metabolism，enhancing the tissue circulation，regulating the levels of inflammatory factors，correcting the manifestations of respiratory distress and hypoxemia faster，and contributing to the improvement of the patients＇prognosis.
To investigate the clinical efficacy mechanisms of acupuncture combined with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation（rTMS）in treating post-stroke non-fluent aphasia using near-infrared brain functional imaging.
A total of 104 patients diagnosed with stroke and non-fluent aphasia at the First Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from June 2022 to March 2024 were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group，with 52 patients in each. All subjects underwent assessments using near-infrared brain functional imaging techniques. The control group received rTMS，while the observation group was treated with a combination of acupuncture and rTMS. Clinical outcomes，speech function，acoustic levels and aphasia scoring were compared between the two groups，along with brain activity assessments through near-infrared imaging.
The total effective rate was significantly higher in the observation group（98.00%，49/50）compared to that in the control group（70.00%，35/50）（P<0.05）. Post-treatment，both groups showed improved speech function scores，with the scores of the observation group exceeding those of the control group（P<0.05）. Additionally，the scores on the Communication Activities of Daily Living（CADL），Nonverbal Cognitive Assessment（NLCA）and the Barthel Index improved post-treatment，with the scores of the observation group outperforming those of the control group（P<0.05）. The changes in brain activity，specifically in the PMC，SMC and SMA，were statistically significant between two groups post-treatment（P<0.05）.
The treatment of post-stroke non-fluent aphasia with acupuncture combined with rTMS，followed by brain activation using near-infrared brain functional imaging，significantly enhances therapeutic outcomes and speech function，promotes patient recovery and demonstrates high clinical value.
Primary dysmenorrhea（PD）is a common gynecological disease that seriously affects the quality of life of young women. The previous research has found that electroacupuncture at “Sanyinjiao（SP6）- Xuanzhong（GB39）” can treat dysmenorrhea，however，its mechanism is still unclear. Therefore，this study aims to explore the mechanism of electroacupuncture “Sanyinjiao（SP6）-Xuanzhong（GB39）” in treating dysmenorrhea from the perspective of endocrine natural immune network.
Thirty-six 3-month-old female rats were selected and randomly divided into six groups：physiological saline control group，model group，“Sanyinjiao（SP6）” group，“Xuanzhong（GB39）” group，“Sanyinjiao（SP6）- Xuanzhong（GB39）” group，and “Sanyinjiao（SP6）- Xuanzhong（GB39）” non acupoint group. The dysmenorrhea rat model was established by injecting estradiol benzoate and oxytocin，and the electroacupuncture performed on “Sanyinjiao（SP6）” and “Xuanzhong（GB39）”. The vaginal smears were used to test the estrous cycle of a rat model of dysmenorrhea，and the thickness and number of uterine micro vessels and capillaries were observed using a cold light microcirculation microscope. The contents of prostaglandin F2 alpha（PGF2 alpha），prostaglandin E2（PGE2）and beta endorphin（β-EP）in uterine tissue were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The expression levels of natural killer cells（NK cells）in the uterus were detected by flow cytometry，and the mRNA expression levels of interleukin-6（IL-6）and tumor necrosis factor alpha（TNF-α）in NK cells of each group were measured.
Electroacupuncture at “Xuanzhong（GB39）” cannot cause dilation of uterine micro vessels，while the combination of “Sanyinjiao（SP6）” can dilate the uterine micro vessels and improve the microcirculation disorders in dysmenorrhea rats. During the treatment of electroacupuncture at “Sanyinjiao（SP6）” and “Xuanzhong（GB39）”，the expression level of PGF2α in uterine tissue increased compared to that in the model group，while the expression level of PGE2 decreased significantly. Compared with the model group，the electroacupuncture treatment significantly reduced the number of uterine natural killer cells and the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α.
The combined treatment of Sanyinjiao and Xuanzhong with electroacupuncture may alleviate dys-menorrhea in PD rats by reducing the content of PGF2α in uterine tissue，relaxing uterine microvascular obstruction and reducing the number and secretion of inflammatory factors by uterine NK cells，thereby suppressing excessive inflammatory response.
To observe the effects of Modified Liuwei Dihuang Decoction（六味地黄汤加味）combined with acupuncture on optic disc blood flow and visual function in patients with liver-kidney Yin deficiency syndrome of non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy（NPDR）.
Eighty-six patients with liver-kidney Yin deficiency syndrome of NPDR were randomly divided into control group and experimental group，each with 43 cases，using random number generation by Excel. Both groups received routine treatment，with the control group additionally receiving acupuncture treatment，and the experimental group receiving Modified Liuwei Dihuang Decoction based on the treatment of the control group. The changes in traditional Chinese medicine（TCM）symptom scores，optic disc blood flow and visual function before and after treatment in both groups were compared. The therapeutic effects and adverse reactions between the two groups were compared.
Two cases were lost to follow-up in each group，and ultimately 41 cases were included in both. After treatment，the main symptom scores，secondary symptom scores，total scores and best-corrected visual acuity（BCVA）in logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution（LogMAR）in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group（P<0.05），the blood flow density（PPVD）values at the temporal inferior，temporal superior，nasal superior，nasal inferior，inferior temporal，inferior nasal，superior nasal and inferior nasal quadrants were higher than those in the control group（P<0.05）. The total effective rate in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group（P<0.05）. There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the control group and the experimental group（P>0.05）.
Modified Liuwei Dihuang Decoction combined with acupuncture can alleviate TCM symptoms of NPDR，improve optic disc blood flow，visual function and clinical efficacy，and does not lead to an increase in adverse reactions.
To analyze the therapeutic effect of wrist-ankle acupuncture combined with Shenqi Tongbi Prescription（参芪通痹方）on diabetes peripheral neuropathy with deficiency of both Qi and Yin deficiency with blood stasis syndrome and its influence on nerve conduction.
This study selected 82 patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy（deficiency of both Qi and Yin deficiency with blood stasis syndrome）who were treated in the hospital from December 2021 to December 2023 as the research subjects. Using the random number table method，the patients were randomly divided into two groups，with 41 patients in each group. The control group received the conventional Western medicine treatment，while the observation group was treated with wrist-ankle acupuncture combined with Shenqi Tongbi Prescription. The therapeutic effects of the two groups were compared and analyzed，observing the changes in TCM syndrome scores，Toronto Clinical Scoring System（TCSS），blood glucose levels，nerve conduction velocity and the levels of serum cystatin C（Cys-C），insulin-like growth factor-1（IGF-1）and C-peptide（C-P）.
The overall effectiveness of the observation group was 95.12%（39/41）and that of the control group was 73.17%（30/41）. The overall effectiveness of the observation group was higher than that of the control group，and the difference between the groups was significant（P<0.05）. After treatment，the traditional Chinese medicine symptom scores，TCSS scores and blood glucose index levels in the observation group were lower than those in the control group（P<0.05）. After treatment，the levels of motor nerve conduction velocity（MNCV）and sensory nerve conduction velocity（SNCV）in the observation group were higher than those in the control group（P<0.05）. After treatment，the Cys-C level in the observation group decreased，while the levels of IGF-1 and C-P increased，both of which were better than those of the control group，and the difference between the groups was significant（P<0.05）.
In the treatment of patients with deficiency of both Qi and Yin deficiency with blood stasis syndrome of diabetic peripheral neuropathy，wrist-ankle acupuncture combined with Shenqi Tongbi Prescription can significantly alleviate limb numbness and pain，help to reduce blood sugar，regulate the levels of Cys-C，IGF-1 and C-P，and improve the nerve conduction speed，which has a positive impact on the rehabilitation process of patients.
Osteoporosis（OP）has complex etiology and its incidence is on the rise. Delayed treatment will increase the risk of fractures and other complications. Qing'e Pill（青娥丸）is an effective prescription for treating kidney-deficiency low back pain. Its formulation has few ingredients but specific effects，with the functions of warming and tonifying kidney Yang，securing the essence and nourishing blood，tonifying liver and kidney，and strengthening muscles and bones. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that Duzhong（Eucommiae Cortex），Buguzhi（Psoraleae Fructus），Hetaoren（Juglandis Semen）and Dasuan（Allii Sativi Bulbus）in the prescription all have the effect of treating OP. As a traditional Chinese medicine compound，Qing'e Pill has the characteristics of “multi-component and multi-target”. For the treatment of OP，it can exert the estrogen-like effects，promote the bone formation，inhibit the bone resorption，affect the intestinal flora and inhibit the ferroptosis. Clinical studies have shown that Qing’e Pill can improve the clinical symptoms of OP. This article elaborated on the regulatory effect and research status of Qing’e Pill on bone metabolism in OP research from the aspects of the pharmacological mechanism of each ingredient of Qing’e Pill，the overall pharmacological mechanism and clinical research，in order to provide reference for the research and development of anti-osteoporosis drugs and the scientific understanding，inheritance and development of traditional Chinese medicine.
Organ fibrosis is a highly dynamic pathophysiological process that can affect multiple organs，characterized by excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix. The pathogenesis of fibrosis is complex，and in severe cases，it can lead to organ failure. Currently，there is a lack of specific drugs. In recent years，it is found that Huangqin（Scutellariae Radix）has shown positive effects in various organ fibrosis. Therefore，this study searched six commonly used biomedical databases and analyzed the literature on the treatment of fibrosis diseases with Huangqin（Scutellariae Radix）in the past 20 years. This study has found that the anti-fibrotic components of Huangqin（Scutellariae Radix）mainly include baicalin，baicalein，wogonoside，scutellarin，etc. Huangqin（Scutellariae Radix）mainly exerts its anti-fibrotic effect by inhibiting fibroblast transformation，preventing fibroblast proliferation，reducing extracellular matrix deposition，antioxidant stress and regulating fibrotic related pathways. In summary，Huangqin（Scutellariae Radix）is a potential anti-fibrotic drug with positive clinical significance.
To analyze the curative effect and rehabilitation efficiency of activating blood and dispersing wind acupuncture combined with Tianma Guteng Yin（天麻钩藤饮）in the treatment of stroke patients with hypertension.
A total of 208 patients with stroke combined with hypertension admitted to the hospital from May 2022 to May 2024 were included as the study objects. They were divided into two groups by the random number table method. A hundred and four patients in the control group were treated with conventional western medicine，and the other 104 patients in the observation group were treated with activating blood and dispersing wind acupuncture combined with Tianma Guteng Yin on this basis. The difference of curative effect，24 h ambulatore blood pressure，nerve function，limb function，TCM syndrome scores，vascular endothelial function and Klotho protein level were compared between the two groups.
The total effective rate of the observation group was 97.12%（101/104），which was much higher than 85.58%（89/104）of the control group（P<0.05）. After treatment，the TCM symptom scores，National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale（NIHSS）score and 24 h ambulatore blood pressure in the observation group were lower than those in the control group，and the Fugl-Meyer Assessment（FMA）score was higher than that in the control group（P<0.05）. After treatment，endothelin-1（ET-1）in the observation group was lower than that in the control group，and nitric oxide（NO）and Klotho were higher than those of the control group（P<0.05）.
Activating blood and dispersing wind acupuncture combined with Tianma Guteng Yin can effectively reduce the blood pressure，regulate the levels of NO，ET-1 and Klotho protein，improve the vascular endothelial function，promote the recovery of nerve function and limb function，and plays a positive role in improving the prognosis of patients with stroke and hypertension.
To investigate the clinical efficacy of electroacupuncture at Zusanli（ST36）combined with Danggui Yinzi in patients with chronic eczema of the blood-deficiency and wind-dryness pattern，and to explore its effects on the neuro-immune-skin barrier crosstalk.
This prospective，randomized controlled trial enrolled 60 patients diagnosed with chronic eczema of the blood-deficiency and wind-dryness pattern at the outpatient Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine，Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University，from September 2023 to December 2024. Participants were randomized（1∶1）to an observation group（electroacupuncture at ST36 plus Danggui Yinzi）or a control group（electroacupuncture at ST36 alone）for an 8-week intervention. The primary outcome was the Eczema Area and Severity Index（EASI）. Secondary outcomes included nocturnal pruritus assessed by the Visual Analogue Scale（VAS），Traditional Chinese Medicine（TCM）syndrome score，serum interleukin（IL）-31 and IL-4 levels，and filaggrin（FLG）expression as a marker of skin barrier function. Neuro-immune-related biomarkers were quantified using ELISA，qRT-PCR，and immunohistochemistry，including substance P（SP），nerve growth factor（NGF），and FLG mRNA. Statistical analyses were performed using mixed-effects models，analysis of covariance（ANCOVA），and correlation analyses.
After 8 weeks，the EASI score in the observation group decreased to 4.2±1.5，significantly lower than that in the control group（7.8±2.1，P<0.001）. The VAS score decreased by 63%，and serum IL-31 and IL-4 levels decreased by 57.3% and 44.6%，respectively（all P<0.001），with superior improvements compared with the control group. The relative expression of FLG increased by 2.15-fold（95% CI［1.42，3.72］）in the observation group，and FLG upregulation was negatively correlated with SP reduction（r=-0.67，P<0.001）. Electroacupuncture at ST36 combined with Danggui Yinzi may alleviate eczema symptoms through synergistic actions of “suppressing neurogenic itch，modulating Th2-driven inflammation，and promoting barrier repair.”
Electroacupuncture at Zusanli（ST36）combined with Danggui Yinzi effectively improves clinical symptoms in patients with chronic eczema of the blood-deficiency and wind-dryness pattern by reducing pruritus，lowering inflammatory burden，and enhancing skin barrier function. The underlying mechanisms may involve inhibition of the TRPV1/SP/IL-31 axis，regulation of Th2 inflammation，and FLG-mediated barrier restoration，providing modern biomedical evidence for combined acupuncture-herbal therapy in eczema.
Zexie Decoction（泽泻汤）is a classic prescription from ZHANG Zhongjing's Synopsis of the Golden Chamber，which is a classic prescription for inducing diuresis and removing water，strengthening spleen and controlling water. It is mostly used in modern clinics for the treatment of vertigo，hypertension，hyperlipidemia and other diseases with remarkable efficacy. In this article，it reviewed the progress of research on the chemical compositions，pharmacological effects and clinical applications of Zexie Decoction in recent years，and analyzed its quality marker（Q-Marker）prediction based on the concept of Q-Marker. The results showed that the compositions of alisol A，alisol B，23-acetate alisol B，alisol C，23-acetyl alisol C，alisol G，sitosterol，atractylenolide Ⅱ，atractylenolide Ⅲ，atractylone and polysaccharide of atractylodes macrocephala can be used as the Q-Markers of Zexie Decoction，which can be used to provide references for the subsequent quality studies of Zexie Decoction and its related preparations.
To observe the effect of Haipiaoxiao（Cuttlebone）drug-containing serum regulating PI3K/Akt/eNOS signaling pathway on proliferation，apoptosis and angiogenesis of vascular endothelial cells（HUVECs）induced by high glucose.
Twenty SD rats were selected，10 rats were randomly gavaged with Haipiaoxiao（Cuttlebone）water decoction and 10 rats with the same amount of normal saline. The corresponding serum was prepared 2 h after the last administration. HUVECs were cultured in vitro，the optimal high glucose concentration was screened，and the cells were induced for 24 h to establish a high glucose damage model. According to the induction conditions，they were divided into blank Control group，Model group，Haipiaoxiao（Cuttlebone）low group，Haipiaoxiao（Cuttlebone）medium group group，Haipiaoxiao（Cuttlebone）high group，and the corresponding serum was treated for 24 h. The cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8 method. Cell migration ability was evaluated by cell scratch assay. The apoptosis of cells in each group was detected by flow cytometry. Angiogenesis of each group was detected by in vitro tube formation. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction（qRT-PCR）was used to determine the mRNA expression of each group. The expressions of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase（PI3K），p-PI3K，protein kinase B（Akt），p-Akt，endothelial nitric oxide synthase（eNOS）and human tumor suppressor gene（p53）protein were detected by Western blot.
The optimal concentration of high glucose induced endothelial cell injury was 30 mmol/L. Compared with those of the Control group，the cell activity，wound-healing rate，the number of angiogenesis experiment in vitro were decreased，the apoptosis rate and p53 protein expression were increased，the protein expressions of p-PI3K，p-Akt and eNOS were decreased，and mRNA expressions of PI3K，Akt and eNOS were decreased in the Model group. The differences were statistically significant（P<0.05）. Compared with the Model group，Haipiaoxiao（Cuttlebone）low，medium and high dose groups increased the cell survival rate，improved the wound-healing rate，increased the number of angiogenesis experiment，decreased the apoptosis rate and p53 protein expression，increased the protein expressions of p-PI3K，p-Akt and eNOS and the mRNA expressions of PI3K，Akt and eNOS. The differences were statistically significant（P<0.05）.
Haipiaoxiao（Cuttlebone）drug-containing serum can mediate PI3K/Akt/eNOS signaling pathway to promote the proliferation，migration and angiogenesis of vascular endothelial cells.
To explore the preventive effect of Banxia Baizhu Tianma Decoction（半夏白术天麻汤）combined with ear acupoint stimulation on postoperative nausea and vomiting（PONV）in breast surgery.
One hundred and thirty patients with breast cancer who were admitted to Longhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2023 to March 2024 were enrolled for the research. They were divided into the observation group（Banxia Baizhu Tianma Decoction combined with ear acupoint stimulation）and the control group（ear acupoint stimulation alone）through a random number table，65 cases in each group. The preoperative baseline data，surgery related data，postoperative incidences of PONV，headache and headache and visual analogue scale（VAS）score as well as blood levels of tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α），interleukin-6（IL-6）and 5-hydroxytryptamine（5-HT）at 30 minutes before and 24 hours after surgery were compared between observation group and control group.
There were no statistically significant differences in preoperative baseline data，surgical related data and the blood levels of TNF-α，IL-6 and 5-HT at 30 minutes before surgery between the observation group and the control group（P>0.05）. The total incidence of PONV and the incidence of PONV above grade 2 in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group（P<0.05）. The blood levels of TNF-α，IL-6 and 5-HT in two groups at 24 hours after surgery were significantly higher than those at 30 minutes before surgery，and the blood levels of TNF-α，IL-6 and 5-HT in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group at the same time（P<0.05）. There were no significant differences between the observation group and the control group in the incidence of dizziness，headache or VAS score after breast cancer surgery（P>0.05）.
Banxia Baizhu Tianma Decoction combined with ear acupoint stimulation could effectively reduce the risk of PONV in patients with breast cancer after surgery，and the preventive effect was better than that of ear acupoint stimulation alone，which is worthy of promoting.
To observe the clinical effect and safety of Shenling Baizhu Powder（参苓白术散）combined with FOLFOX4 regimen chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced colorectal cancer（CRC）.
One hundred and thirty-two patients with advanced CRC admitted to Nanyang First People's Hospital from June 2021 to June 2024 were selected as research subjects and randomly divided into treatment group（66 cases）and control group（66 cases）. The control group used the FOLFOX4 chemotherapy regimen，with 2 weeks as one cycle，and a total of 6 cycles of chemotherapy. The treatment group was treated with Shenling Baizhu Powder on the basis of the control group. It was decocted in water and taken once in the morning and once in the evening，with warm intake after meals. One dose was taken daily for 12 consecutive weeks. The clinical efficacy of the two groups was compared after 12 weeks of treatment. The traditional Chinese medicine syndrome scores，tumor marker expression levels and immune function of the two groups were compared before and after treatment. The occurrence of adverse reactions during the treatment of the two groups was recorded.
The disease control rate（DCR）of the treatment group（81.82%，54/66）was higher than that（60.61%，40/66）of the control group（χ2=7.243，P<0.05）. After 12 weeks of treatment，the TCM syndrome scores，serum levels of carcinoembryonic antigen（CEA）and carbohydrate antigen-199（CA-199）in the treatment group［（12.66±3.29）points，（13.44±3.18）μg·L-1，（32.23±4.17）U·mL-1］were lower than those of the control group group［（16.84±3.87）points，（17.68±3.89）μg·L-1，（40.49±4.54）U·ml-1］（t=6.685，6.856，10.886，P<0.05）. The values of CD3+，CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ in the treatment group［（66.29±8.33）%，（41.72±4.88）%，1.86±0.47］ were all higher than those in the control group［（61.57±7.16）%，（38.54±4.21）%，1.69±0.39］（t=3.491，4.008，2.261，P<0.05）. During the treatment period，the incidence of neurotoxicity，gastrointestinal discom fort，hematuria，thrombocytopenia and total adverse reactions in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group（x2=3.895，4.117，3.895，5.114，24.877，P<0.05）.
Shenling Baizhu Powder combined with FOLFOX4 can effectively alleviate the clinical symptoms of patients with advanced CRC，improve the patients’ immune function，and reduce the expression levels of serum tumor markers. It has significant clinical efficacy and good safety.
To study the influence of nematode infection on the quality of Dihuang（Rehmanniae Radix），and to provide the basis for the quality control of Dihuang（Rehmanniae Radix）and the rational utilization of resources of Dihuang（Rehmanniae Radix）infected by nematode.
High Performance Liquid Chromatography（HPLC），High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Evaporative Light Scattering Detection（HPLC-ELSD），1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone（PMP）pre-column derivatization，2，2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl（DPPH）antioxidant method combined with SPSS 27 and SIMCA 14.1 were used to systematically analyze the characteristics of iridoid glycosides，phenylethanol glycosides，free monosaccharides，oligosaccharides，polysaccharides，monosaccharide composition and antioxidant activity in normal Dihuang（Rehmanniae Radix）with different degrees of nematode infection.
There were significant differences in the chemical quality characteristics of extremely severely infected Dihuang（Rehmanniae Radix），which could be divided into two categories. Rehmanniae A，Cistanche A，oliberoside，hydroxytyrosol，sucrose，glucose，catalcatalol，Rehmanniae D，stacitose and polysaccharide were the main differentiating components. When the sample concentration was more than 0.8 mg·mL-1，the antioxidant activity of extremely severely infected Dihuang（Rehmanniae Radix）was significantly lower than that of the other three Dihuang（Rehmanniae Radix）. Catalpol，echinoside，verbascoside，isocitroside，fructose，stachyose and polysaccharide showed a strong positive or negative correlation with DPPH free radical scavenging rate.
Nematode infection has a certain effect on the appearance and quality characteristics of Dihuang（Rehmanniae Radix），and iridoid glycosides and saccharides are the main difference substances between normal Dihuang（Rehmanniae Radix）and nematode infected Dihuang（Rehmanniae Radix）.
Liver fibrosis is a common chronic liver disease，which is easy to develop into cirrhosis and even liver cancer. Its morbidity and mortality are high. The pathogenesis has not been fully defined，and there are no specific drugs against liver fibrosis. Animal model experiments are commonly used in liver fibrosis research. Based on the clinical characteristics of liver fibrosis，this paper summarized and evaluated the existing animal models of liver fibrosis，providing references for improving the establishment of animal models of liver fibrosis combining disease and syndrome.
According to the clinical diagnostic criteria of traditional Chinese medicine（TCM）and Western medicine for liver fibrosis，the clinical characteristics of TCM and Western medicine were summarized，assigned and evaluated.
It was concluded that subcutaneous/intraperitoneal injection of CCl4 suspension modeling，intraperitoneal injection/free drinking of thionoacetamide modeling，caudal vein injection of hepatitis B virus modeling，subcutaneous injection of CCl4 solution + high-fat feed + ethanol solution drinking modeling were highly consistent with Western medicine，but were not well consistent with TCM. The coincidence between TCM and western medicine is good，and the coincidence between TCM and Western medicine is the highest.
The existing animal model of the combination of disease and syndrome has a high coincidence between TCM. and Western medicine. According to the syndrome type of traditional Chinese medicine，it is feasible to simulate the development and change of human liver fibrosis in animals and establish the corresponding animal model of liver fibrosis（healthy Qi deficiency，toxin accumulation and blood stasis type）. However，at present，the animal model of combining disease and syndrome still does not cover all syndrome types，and lacks the unified and standardized syndrome differentiation standards. Therefore，it is necessary to use the idea of combining TCM and Western medicine and modern biotechnology to establish a more suitable animal model of combining disease and syndrome with liver fibrosis on the basis of ensuring the accuracy and stability of the model，so as to provide a research basis for the treatment of liver fibrosis by combining TCM and Western medicine.
Dahuang（Rhei Radix et Rhizoma）is one of the traditional bulk medicinal materials in China. It has a long history and wide application in the treatment of constipation because of its efficacy of purging，clearing heat and purging fire，cooling blood and detoxifying，removing blood stasis and dredging meridians，and removing dampness and jaundice. Constipation is one of the most common functional gastrointestinal diseases. The incidence of constipation is increasing year by year，seriously endangering the health of the body. At present，although the chemical drugs can achieve remarkable results in the short term，the long-term use often has the problems of gradually weakened efficacy and adverse reactions. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that Dahuang（Rhei Radix et Rhizoma）can regulate intestinal flora and metabolites，intestinal mucus secretion，as well as the expressions of ion channels，aquaporins，neurotransmitters，etc.，and promote the intestinal motility. Dahuang（Rhei Radix et Rhizoma）can play a role in the treatment and protection of constipation through different processing methods，administration routes and combined medication，multi-target，multi-channel and multi-channel. This article reviewed the research progress of Dahuang（Rhei Radix et Rhizoma）in the treatment of constipation from the aspects of processing，optimal efficacy，clinical application，pharmacological effects and toxicology，in order to provide some reference value for the further research and application of Dahuang（Rhei Radix et Rhizoma）and the development of drugs related to the treatment of constipation.
Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu Decoction（黄芪桂枝五物汤），originating from Synopsis of the Golden Chamber，has the function of warming the body，regulating blood flow and relieving joint stiffness. It is widely used to treat various diseases with the main pathogenesis of Qi deficiency，cold congealing and blood stasis. With the rapid development of modern pharmacology，modern pharmacological research，animal experiments and clinical observation studies on Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu Decoction have gradually deepened，providing new ideas for the clinical application of Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu Decoction. Therefore，this paper systematically reviewed the modern pharmacological research and clinical application of Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu Decoction from two perspectives，and described the current application status of Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu Decoction in treating peripheral nerve lesions，cardiovascular and cerebrovascular system diseases，rheumatic diseases and bone injuries in clinical practice，intending to provide reference for the treatment of related diseases with Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu Decoction.
To investigate the composition differences between the fresh Donglingcao［Rabdosia rubescens（Hemsl.）Hara］（FRH）and its two dry products（natural drying and vacuum freeze-drying）.
Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Quadrupole-Exactive Mass Spectrometry（UHPLC-Q-Exactive HF-X/MS）was used to collect MS data from Donglingcao［Rabdosia rubescens（Hemsl.）Hara］ compounds in positive and negative ion modes. The components were identified and analyzed based on the online database，local standard product database and literature. Then，principal component analysis（PCA）and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis（OPLS-DA）were performed on the collected data through SIMCA software. The differential components between fresh and dried products were screened out based on variable importance in projection（VIP）and t-test. Finally，the relative quantitative analysis was carried out according to peak areas of differential components.
A total of 61 compounds were identified，comprising 31 diterpenoids，12 phenolic acids，9 flavonoids，4 triterpenes and 5 other compounds. PCA intuitively showed that the metabolic profile of FRH and its dry products were remarkably different. Thirty-two differential components with VIP>1 and P<0.05 were screened out through OPLS-DA. The contents of the main active ingredients in the FRH such as oridonin and ponicidin were significantly higher in comparison to those in the dry products.
In this study，UHPLC-Q-Exactive HF-X/MS combined with multivariate statistical analysis were employed to elucidate the differential components between FRH and its dry products，providing data reference for the rational development and application of Rabdosia rubescens（Hemsl.）Hara.
To investigate the effects of Yishen Huoxue Tongqiao Formula（益肾活血通窍方）on the expressions of glutamate immunoreactivity（Glu-IR），glial fibrillar acidic protein（GFAP）and extracellular signal regulated kinases 1 and 2（ERK1/2）in the affected cerebellar glomerulus area of rats with unilateral vestibular dysfunction as well as its mechanism of action on synaptic remodeling.
In this experiment，88 rats were selected as the research subjects and randomly divided into six groups：blank group，sham operation group，model group，and low（0.92 mg/mL），medium（1.83 g/mL）and high（3.66 g/mL）dose groups of Yishen Huoxue Tongqiao Formula. A rat model of unilateral vestibular dysfunction was established by injecting chloroform into the right ear tympanic cavity. After modeling，the vestibular function and the expressions of related bio-markers of each group were evaluated by behavioral evaluation，glutamate content detection，immunohistochemistry，immunofluorescence and Western blot methods.
12 h after operation，compared with the sham operation group and the blank group，the imbalance behavior score and spatial posture reflex were significantly increased in the model group，and there were abnormal nerve injury behaviors such as head deviation and rotation（P<0.01）. The glutamic acid content and Glu-IR protein expression were decreased，the proliferation and activation degree of GFAP cells were increased，the degree of cell fiber protration was increased and the ERK1/2 immunofluorescence intensity was significantly increased（P<0.05）. Compared with those in the model group，the glutamate contents，Glu-IR protein expressions，proliferation and activation degree of GFAP cells and ERK1/2 immunofluorescence brightness expressions were increased in Yishen Huoxue Tongqiao Formula low，medium and high dose groups，and the expression was most obvious in high dose group（P<0.05）. After 7 days of operation，compared with those in the sham operation group and the blank group，the unbalanced behavior score and spatial posture reflex disappeared in the model group，the normal movement，abnormal head deviation and turning behavior disappeared（P>0.05），the glutamic acid content decreased，the Glu-IR protein expression decreased，the GFAP cell proliferation and activation increased，and the ERK1/2 immunofluorescence intensity was obvious（P<0.05）. Compared with those in the model group，the glutamate contents，Glu-IR protein expressions，proliferation and activation degree of GFAP cells and ERK1/2 immunofluorescence brightness expressions were increased in the Yishen Huoxue Tongqiao Formula low，medium and high dose groups，and the expression was most obvious in the high dose group（P<0.05）. Compared with those in the model group 12 h after operation，the glutamic acid content and Glu-IR protein expression were increased，the proliferation and activation degree of GFAP cells were decreased，and the immunofluorescence brightness expression of ERK1/2 was decreased in the model group（P<0.05）.
By regulating the expressions of Glu-IR，GFAP and ERK1/2 through multiple targets，Yishen Huoxue Tongqiao Formula promotes the synaptic remodeling mechanism，accelerates the vestibular compensatory process，and provides a new direction for the treatment of vestibular dysfunction.
Chronic kidney disease is a serious challenge to global public health. As one of the classic prescriptions of medical saints，Zhenwu Decoction（真武汤），as one of the classic prescriptions of medical sages，is used to tonify and purge and promote diuresis，and is mainly used for treating Yang deficiency and water flooding syndrome. In clinical reports，its modified formulas or combination with traditional Chinese medicine external treatment or combination with Western medicine are usually used to treat a variety of chronic kidney diseases such as nephrotic syndrome，chronic glomerulonephritis，idiopathic membranous nephropathy，IgA nephropathy，diabetic kidney disease，lupus nephritis，hepatitis B virus associated glomerulonephritis，chronic renal failure and cardiorenal syndrome. In addition，the main active ingredients of the drugs in Zhenwu Decoction have demonstrated a variety of pharmacological effects such as antioxidant，anti-inflammation，immune regulation，anti-apoptosis，promoting autophagy，inhibiting iron death，anti-fibrosis，diuretic and regulating intestinal flora. This article summarized the relevant literature reports and systematically analyzed the clinical trials of Zhenwu Decoction，the pharmacological effects of its active ingredients in chronic kidney disease and the basic animal experiments，aiming to provide support for the clinical standardized application and pharmacological research of Zhenwu Decoction.
There is a phenomenon of Shandougen（Sophorae Tonkinensis Radix et Rhizoma）with the same name in different regions of China，and there are also differences in its active ingredients and medicinal pathways. There have been varying degrees of research on various types of Shandougen（Sophorae Tonkinensis Radix et Rhizoma）both domestically and internationally. At present，Shandougen（Sophorae Tonkinensis Radix et Rhizoma）is mainly Yuenanhuai（Sophora tonkinensis Gagnep）which is Sophora genusin in the Fabaceae family，while there are few reports on Euchresta plants，and several have not been reported yet. Modern pharmacological research reports indicate that they all have important medicinal value. Euchresta plants have a wide variety of chemical compositions including flavonoids，alkaloids，triterpenoids，organic acids，etc.，which are also have anti-tumour，anti-bacterial，anti-viral，anti-inflammatory，cardiovascular and cerebrovascular protection effects. This article mainly reviewed the progress of domestic and international research on the name authentication，chemical composition and biological activity of Shandougen（Sophorae Tonkinensis Radix et Rhizoma），and provided a basis for research on the comprehensive resource development and medicinal use of Shandougen（Sophorae Tonkinensis Radix et Rhizoma）with the same name in different regions.
The setting of sham acupuncture controls is one of the three key methodological challenges in acupuncture clinical research. Standardized reporting of sham acupuncture control is conductive for readers to evaluating the rationality of sham acupuncture control settings and the reliability of results，and enhancing the replicability of sham acupuncture procedures. The acupuncture controls guideline for reporting human trials and experiments（ACURATE）developed by Korean researchers was officially published in 2023. The guide sponsor and other scholars cooperated with 23 experts from four continents conducted literature research and three rounds of Delphi surveys to generate the final ACURATE checklist. The ACURATE checklist consisted of 6 categories with 23 items：type of sham acupuncture，details of sham acupuncture manipulation，location of sham acupuncture，treatment regimen，practitioner，and protocol and settings. The guideline was designed to guide the authors to describe implementation details of sham acupuncture as well as contextual factors in clinical trials. This paper introduced the formulation process and basic characteristics of ACURATE，and interpreted each item with examples to help domestic users better understand and use the guideline，and ultimately improve the reporting quality of sham acupuncture in clinical trials.
Taohe Chengqi Decoction（桃核承气汤），formulated by the medical sage ZHANG Zhongjing in the Treatise on Febrile Diseases（Shanghanlun），is composed of five herbs：Taoren（Persicae Semen），Dahuang（Rhei Radix et Rhizoma），Guizhi（Cinnamomi Ramulus），Mangxiao（Natrii Sulfas）and Zhigancao（Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata Cum Melle）. In this formula，Taoren（Persicae Semen）breaks blood stasis and promotes blood circulation，Dahuang（Rhei Radix et Rhizoma）purges heat and expels blood stasis，Mangxiao（Natrii Sulfas）softens hardness and clears heat，Guizhi（Cinnamomi Ramulus）invigorates blood and unblocks the channels，and Zhigancao（Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata Cum Melle）protects the stomach and harmonizes the middle burner. Together，these herbs work synergistically to break up blood stasis and expel it downward. The main effects of this formula are to remove blood stasis and dispel heat. It is a representative formula highly regarded by later generations of physicians for its combined approach of promoting bowel movements to clear heat and promoting blood circulation for removing blood stasis. It is primarily used to treat blood stasis syndrome in the lower abdomen. It is mainly used to treat blood accumulation syndrome in the lower burner. Modern pharmacological studies have demonstrated that Taohe Chengqi Decoction has various effects，such as anti-inflammatory，anti-fibrotic，vascular-protective，and blood circulation-improving properties. Clinically，this formula is commonly used to treat gynecological diseases，neurological disorders，digestive system diseases，cardiovascular diseases and Inflammation-related diseases. Quality control research based on traditional Chinese medicine quality markers（Q-Markers）involves exploring the active ingredients and material basis of Taohe Chengqi Decoction through various technical theories and research methods to identify its characteristic components，thereby providing a more scientific and accurate quality control standard for its clinical application and experimental research. This article summarized the recent research progress on the chemical components，pharmacological effects and clinical applications of Taohe Chengqi Decoction. It predicted and analyzed the quality markers of this formula according to the concepts of transmission and traceability，specificity，effectiveness，compatibility in complex formulations and measurability in the Q-Marker framework. The results suggest that amygdalin，aloe-emodin，rhein，emodin，cinnamic acid，cinnamaldehyde，sodium sulfate，glycyrrhizin and glycyrrhizic acid can serve as the Q-Markers for Taohe Chengqi Decoction，providing a basis for its quality control.
To clarify the liver protective effect of Ginkgo flavone aglycone（GA）on rats with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease（NAFLD）and its mechanism of action.
SD rats were fed with high-fat diet to establish an animal model of NAFLD. At the same time，GA（50 mg/kg or 200 mg/kg）was gavaged once a day for 8 weeks. The effect of GA on NAFLD rats was evaluated by methods such as HE staining，Western blot，lipid oxidation and endothelial injury detection. In vitro，HepG2 cells were induced by 500 μmol/L sodium oleate to establish an NAFLD cell model，and at the same time，GA（1.5 μg/mL or 3 μg/mL）was given for 48 hours. The effect of GA on hepatocytes was analyzed by methods such as oil red O staining，Western blot and triglyceride content determination.
At the animal in vivo level，GA can reduce the body weight and organ index of rats，reduce the contents of triglyceride（TG），total cholesterol（TC）and low-density lipoprotein（LDL），increase the content of high-density lipoprotein（HDL），and improve the disorder of liver lipid metabolism. At the same time，GA can reduce the contents of serum malondialdehyde（MDA），oxidized low-density lipoprotein（ox-LDL）and soluble lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor-1（sLOX-1），reduce the activity of inducible nitric oxide synthase（iNOS），inhibit the oxidative stress，and improve the vascular endothelial cell injury. HE staining showed that GA can reduce liver steatosis，inhibit aortic lipid deposition and thrombosis，and restore aortic lesions caused by lipid metabolism disorders. At the in vitro cellular level，GA can reduce the TG content in hepatocytes and improve the lipid accumulation induced by sodium oleate. Proteins extracted from the livers of rats and HepG2 cells induced by sodium oleate were detected. It is found that GA can improve the lipid metabolism disorders and reduce liver injury by down-regulating liver lipogenic proteins（SREBP-1C，FAS）and up-regulating the expressions of fatty acid oxidation proteins（PPARα，CPT1A）.
In high-fat-induced hepatocytes，GA may inhibit fat synthesis and promote fatty acid oxidation by down-regulating the expressions of SREBP-1C and FAS and up-regulating the expressions of PPARα and CPT1A，improve the lipid metabolism disorders，exert the antioxidant effects，protect the liver and vascular fatty degeneration damage，and has a potential role in treating NAFLD.
To analyze the volatile organic compounds（VOCs）in the soils associated with wild Dihuang（Rehmannia glutinosa）from different regions，providing a theoretical basis for exploring the causes of differences in Dihuang（Rehmannia glutinosa）medicinal materials across these regions.
A total of 35 batches of wild Dihuang（Rehmannia glutinosa）-associated soils from the authentic and the non-authentic production areas were studied. The VOCs in the dichloromethane and ethyl acetate extracts were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（GC-MS）. Multivariate statistical analysis was performed on the normalized data using software such as SIMCA 14.1 and SPSS 24 to identify differences in VOCs between the authentic and the non-authentic regions.
The VOCs in the dichloromethane extracts primarily included esters，alcohols，alkanes and phenols，with significant differences in the relative contents of alkanes，phenols and esters between the authentic and the non-authentic regions. The ethyl acetate extracts mainly contained esters，alkanes，alcohols，phenols，amides and alkenes，with significant differences in these components between the regions. Multivariate statistical analysis indicated that soil samples were distinctly grouped by their region，with alkanes，acids and esters being the main contributors to the observed differences.
Although the types of VOCs in soils associated with wild Dihuang（Rehmannia glutinosa）are similar between the authentic and the non-authentic regions，their relative contents differ significantly，with alkanes，acids and esters being the primary differentiating compounds.
To investigate the effect of Tectoridin（Tec）on autophagy and apoptosis of human gastric cancer cell line HGC-27.
The cell proliferation ability was detected by CCK-8 and clone formation assay，the cell apoptosis rate was detected by flow cytometry，and the autophagy inhibitor 3-MA was used to detect the autophagy. Western blotting was used to detect the protein expression levels of Beclin-1，Bcl-2，Bax and p53. Bioinformatics methods were used to predict the potential targets and signaling pathways，molecular docking was used to evaluate the binding degree between targets and Tec. Western blotting was used to detect the expressions of PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway related proteins.
Tec can inhibit gastric cancer proliferation in a time-dependent and dose-dependent manner，promote the autophagy and apoptosis of HGC-27 cells，up-regulate the protein expressions of autophagy factor Beclin-1，apoptosis factor p53 and Bax，and reduce the protein expressions of apoptosis molecule Bcl-2. PPI network visualization analysis showed a strong affinity between Tec and targets such as AKT1，while KEGG enrichment analysis suggested that the inhibitory effect of Tec on gastric cancer may be closely related to the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. The protein expressions of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway，including p-PI3K，p-Akt and p-mTOR，were down-regulated.
Tec can induce the cell apoptosis and autophagy through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway to inhibit the growth of HGC-27 cells.
To investigate the mechanism by which total flavonoids of Lizhihe（Lichi Semen）（TFL）inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation and attenuating hepatic fibrosis in rats.
Hepatic fibrosis in rats was caused by subcutaneous injection of 40% carbon tetrachloride（CCl4），and the rats were randomly divided into a blank group，a model group，a Fuzheng Huayu Capsule（扶正化瘀胶囊）group（450 mg/kg），a TFL high-dose group（180 mg/kg），a TFL medium-dose group（90 mg/kg）and a TFL low-dose group（45 mg/kg）according to their body weights. After 8 weeks of gavage administration，the fibrotic lesions of liver tissue were observed by Masson staining，and the levels of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1（TIMP-1），matrix metal oproteinase-2（MMP-2）and reactive oxygen species（ROS）in liver tissue were detected. The expressions of thioredoxin interacting protein（TXNIP），NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3（NLRP3），Caspase-1 and interleukin-1β（IL-1β）proteins in liver tissue were determined by Western blotting.
Each dose of TFL attenuated the degree of hepatic tissue fibrosis in rats and significantly reduced the hepatic fibrosis grade（P<0.05），and the hepatic tissue levels of TIMP-1 and MMP-2 were significantly decreased in each dose group of TFL（P<0.05）. What's more，all doses of TFL significantly reduced the liver tissue ROS level（P<0.01），and decreased the expressions of TXNIP，Caspase-1 and IL-1β proteins（P<0.05）.
TFL significantly attenuated CCl4-induced hepatic fibrosis in rats，and the mechanism may be related to the reduction of hepatic ROS accumulation，which inhibits the activation of NLRP3 inflammatory vesicles.
To observe the effect of Zhibai Dihuang Pills（知柏地黄丸）on bone density and bone metabolism indicators in elderly patients with prostate cancer after drug castration treatment.
Eighty-two elderly patients with prostate cancer treated with drug castration were selected from the geriatric medicine department，general medicine department，oncology department，urology department，radiotherapy department and other outpatient departments and wards of Lianyungang Second People's Hospital. The patients were divided into the experiment group（42 cases）and the control group（40 cases）according to the random number method. Both groups received castration medicines. The control group received medication for castration in addition to calcium supplementation without any additional traditional Chinese medicine treatment. On the basis of the control group，the experimental group was additionally treated with Zhibai Dihuang Pills，with an observation period of 12 months. Total Prostate Specific Antigen（PSA），Free Prostate Specific Antigen（FPSA），Bone Density T-values（Lumbar L2～4，Femoral Neck，and Wards Triangle），as well as bone metabolism indicators，including bone glaprotein（BGP），C-terminal cross-linked telopeptides of type I collagen（CTX-I），bone alkaline phosphatase（BALP），25-hydroxyvitamin D［25（OH）D］and other indicators were recorded before treatment and at 3，6 and 12 months after treatment.
After 3 months of treatment，there was no significant difference in PSA，FPSA，bone density T-values（lumbar L2～4，femoral neck，Wards triangle）or bone metabolism indicators between the two groups. After 6 months of treatment，the index of BALP in the control group was radically higher than that in the experimental group，and the bone density T-values（lumbar L2～4，femoral neck，Wards triangle）were significantly higher than those in the control group（P<0.05），while there was no significant difference in other indicators. After 12 months of treatment，the levels of BALP and CTX-I in the control group were radically higher than those in the experimental group（P<0.05），bone density T-values（lumbar L2～4，femoral neck，Wards triangle），the levels of 25（OH）D and BGP were significantly higher than those in the control group（P<0.05），and there was no significant difference in other indicators. The comparison results before and after treatment within the experimental group showed significant differences in VAS scores. The bone metabolism indicators of the experimental group before and after treatment showed significant differences，except for the pairwise comparison of BALP treatment at 3 and 6 months，and those at 6 and 12 months（P<0.01，P<0.001）.
Zhibai Dihuang Pills can significantly improve osteoporosis in the elderly prostate cancer patients after drug castration treatment，increase the bone density，resist the oxidative stress and help to improve the quality of life of the elderly prostate cancer patients.
To investigate the ameliorative effects of dredging Du meridian and regulating spirit acupuncture on cognitive impairment in stroke rats and its potential molecular mechanisms in regulating mitochondrial ferroptosis.
Seventy rats were randomly divided into a normal control group（19 rats），a sham operation group（19 rats），a stroke model group（16 rats）and dredging Du meridian and regulating spirit acupuncture group（16 rats）. The normal control group did not receive any intervention，while the stroke model group used thread embolization to prepare a stroke rat model. The sham operation group only exposed the neck arteries，but did not receive the thread embolization treatment. The rats in the dredging Du meridian and regulating spirit acupuncture group were subjected to acupuncture at“Baihui（DU20）”and“Shenting（DU24）”，with the addition of an electroacupuncture device. The other group were simply fixed in the same environment without any other intervention measures. The stroke model was established in rats by filament occlusion method. Morris water maze test was performed to evaluate the learning and memory abilities. Brain infarct area was detected by TTC staining. The levels of Fe2+ and glutathione（GSH）in brain tissues were measured biochemically. The expressions of transferrin receptor（TfR1），iron regulatory protein 1（IRP1）and ferroportin（FPN）related to mitochondrial iron metabolism were analyzed by real-time PCR and Western blot.
Compared with the normal controls，the stroke model rats exhibited significant cognitive impairment，increased brain infarct area，elevated Fe2+ level and reduced GSH level in brain tissues，up-regulated TfR1 expression and down-regulated expressions of IRP1 and FPN. Dredging Du meridian and regulating spirit acupuncture ameliorated these alterations，suggesting its role in maintaining cellular iron homeostasis and inhibiting ferroptosis.
Dredging Du meridian and regulating spirit acupuncture significantly improved cognitive dysfunction and brain infarction in stroke rats，likely by regulating the expressions of iron metabolism-related molecules to restore cellular iron homeostasis，thereby attenuating neuronal damage induced by mitochondrial ferroptosis.
To observe the curative effect of Xiaoxuming Decoction（小续命汤）on acute cerebral infarction（ACI）complicated with stroke associated related pneumonia（SAP）syndrome of wind-phlegm blocking collateral and its effect on Toll-like receptor 4（TLR4）/nuclear factor kappa-B（NF-κB）signaling pathway.
A total of 90 patients with ACI combined with SAP treated in Changzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2023 to June 2024 were selected and divided into control group（45 cases）and study group（45 cases）by random number table method. The control group was given the conventional Western medicine treatment，and the study group was given the oral treatment of Xiaoxuming Decoction on the basis of the conventional group. The clinical efficacy，TCM syndrome scores，stroke scale and cognitive function score，laboratory indexes and adverse reactions were observed in two groups.
The total effective rate of treatment in the study group was higher than that in the conventional group（P<0.05）. After treatment，National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale（NIHSS）and Modified Rankin scale（mRS）scores，levels of serum tumor necrosis factor（TNF-α），pigment-derived factor（PEDF），proad-renomedullin（pro-ADM）and C-reactive protein（CRP），the expressions of TLR4 and NF-κB in the study group were lower than those of the control group（P<0.05）. After treatment，the scores of Mini-Mental State Examination（MMSE）and Montreal Cognitive Assessment（MoCA）in the study group were higher than those in the control group（P<0.05）. There was no significant difference in the total incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups（P>0.05）.
In the treatment of acute cerebral infarction complicated with SAP wind-phlegm blocking collateral syndrome，Xiaoxuming Decoction can effectively relieve the clinical symptoms，improve the cognitive function and inflammatory response，and protect the neurological function of patients by regulating TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway，with high safety.
Based on“method for the determination of multiple residues of prohibited pesticides in medicinal materials and herbal slices（Plants）” in Chinese Pharmacopoeia（2020 edition），the uncertainty in determination of benzene dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane（DDT）residues in Baishao（Paeoniae Radix Alba）was evaluated by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry（GC-MS/MS）was carried out. The measurement mathematical model was established. Source analysis including preparation of standard solution，sample preparation，measurement repeatability，standard curve，recovery and GC-MS/MS. By calculating and synthesizing each uncertainty component，the measured result of 4，4’-DDE，2，4’-DDT，4，4’-DDD and 4，4’-DDT can be respectively reported as（0.14±0.01），（0.13±0.01），（0.14±0.01），（0.13±0.03）mg·kg-1（k=2）. The uncertainty of the determination result was mainly affected by the uncertainty of standard curve，standard solution preparation.
To investigate the effect of Suhexiang Pill（苏合香丸）combined with alteplase in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke and its influence on the level of coagulation index.
A total of 102 patients with acute ischemic stroke admitted to the hospital were randomly divided into control group（52 cases）and observation group（50 cases）. After admission，all patients were given symptomatic supportive treatment such as oxygen inhalation，anti-platelet aggregation，maintenance of water and electrolyte balance，nutritional nerve and reduction of intracranial pressure. The control group was treated with alteplase injection thrombolytic therapy，and the observation group was treated with Suhexiang Pill（1 pill/time，once a day）. Both groups were treated for 2 weeks. After treatment，the therapeutic effect，Modified Barthel index（MBI）scores，National institutes of health stroke scale）（NIHSS）scores，Stroke-specific quality of life scale（SS-QOL）scores and TCM syndrome scores，the levels of D-dimer（D-D），prothrombin time（PT），thrombin time（TT）and activated partial thromboplastin time（APTT），the serum levels of endothelin-1（ET-1）and endothelial nitric oxide synthase（eNOS），the levels of hypersensitive C-reactive protein（hs-CRP），tumor necrosis factior-α（TNF-α）and interleukin-6（IL-6）were compared between the two groups.
After treatment，the curative effect of the observation group was significantly higher（P<0.05）. After treatment，TCM syndrome scores，MBI scores，NIHSS scores and SS-QOL scores，the levels of D-D，PT，TT and APTT of the two groups were significantly improved（P<0.05）. The improvement was more obvious in the observation group（P<0.05）. After treatment，the serum levels of hs-CRP，TNF-α and IL-6，as well as the serum levels of ET-1 and eNOS in two groups were significantly decreased（P<0.05），and the decrease was more significant in the observation group（P<0.05）.
Suhexiang Pill combined with alteplase has a good effect on acute ischemic stroke.
To study the effect of acupuncture on swallowing function and quality of life in patients with dysphagia after stroke.
Ninety-two patients with post-stroke dysphagia diagnosed and treated in the hospital from January 2023 to February 2024 were randomly divided into two groups，with 46 cases in each group. The control group was given the routine intervention，and the observation group was given acupuncture on the basis of the control group. The treatment time was 8 weeks. The curative effect，swallowing function，swallowing of food，quality of life and adverse reactions were observed and compared between the two groups.
The total effective rate of the observation group was 95.65%（44/46），which was significantly higher than that of the control group（82.61%，38/46）. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant（P<0.05）. After treatment，the Water Swallow Test（WST）score and standardized swallowing assessment（SSA）score of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group［（2.75±0.28）points，（27.80±2.31）points vs（3.05±0.40）points，（29.61±2.72）points］（P<0.05）. There was no significant difference in Gugging Swallowing Screen（GUSS）score between the two groups before treatment（P>0.05）. After treatment，the total GUSS score of the observation group was higher than that of the control group［（11.78±3.47）points vs（9.62±2.81）points］（P<0.05）. There was no significant difference in Swallowing Quality of Life（SWAL-QQL）scores between the two groups before treatment（P>0.05）. After treatment，the SWAL-QOL scores of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group［（112.71±10.48）points vs（106.42±9.10）points］（P<0.05）. No serious adverse reactions occurred in both groups.
The clinical efficacy of acupuncture combined with extracorporeal shock wave in the treatment of upper limb muscle tension after stroke is satisfactory. It can significantly improve the swallowing function of patients and improve the swallowing of food and daily living ability，and has good safety.
Rendongteng（Lonicerae Japonicae Caulis）is the stem and branch of Rendong（Lonicera japonica Thunb.），Huizhanmao Rendong（Lonicera macranthoides），Hongxian Rendong（Lonicera hypoglauca），Huanan Rendong（Lonicera confusa）and Huanghemao Rendong（Lonicera fulvotomentosa）. It contains components such as phenylpropanoids，flavonoids，triterpenoid saponins，iridoids and volatile oil，which have various pharmacological effects such as antioxidant，antibacterial，antiviral，anti-inflammatory and immune regulation effects. It is widely used in clinical practice for rheumatic pain，abscess and other diseases. However，its quality markers are single，lacking characteristic components，and its quality evaluation is not comprehensive. Therefore，this article summarized the research progress on the chemical components，pharmacological effects and clinical applications of Rendongteng（Lonicerae Japonicae Caulis）through literature review，and applied the core concept of quality markers to provide a basis for the quality standards of Rendongteng（Lonicerae Japonicae Caulis）based on different production areas，chemical component measurability and compound compatibility，facilitating its subsequent in-depth research and development and utilization as a reference.
To investigate the effects of different processing methods on the active parts and characteristic components of Maidong（Ophiopogonis Radix），and to identify the main components that affect the changes of medicinal properties.
The samples of different regions of Maidong（Ophiopogonis Radix）fresh herbs，slices and processed products were prepared. The total saponins，total flavonoids and total polysaccharides were used as the effective parts by Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy（UV-Vis）method. Then，methyl ophiopogon flavanone A，methyl ophiopogon flavanone B，Ophiopogon saponins C，Ophiopogon saponins D and Ophiopogon saponins D'were used as the characteristic components by High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Evaporative Light Scattering Detection（HPLC-ELSD）. The two methods were combined for the multivariate statistical analysis to explore the key factors affecting the quality and drug properties of the processed products.
Although different batches of processed products came from different origins，their content changes were relatively consistent after different processing methods.
It was preliminarily determined that the decrease of cold property after processing of Maidong（Ophiopogonis Radix）was related to the changes in the contents and types of flavonoids and saponins.
Naoan Dropping Pills（Capsules）［脑安滴丸（胶囊）］is a type B medicine included in medical insurance in China，which is extracted from Chuanxiong（Chuanxiong Rhizoma），Danggui（Angelicae Sinensis Radix），Renshen（Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma），Honghua（Carthami Flos），Bingpian（Borneolum Syntheticum）and other raw materials，and has the effect of activating blood circulation and removing blood stasis，promoting Qi and opening collaterals. Since its introduction to the market nearly 20 years ago，Naoan Dropping Pills has been widely used in clinical practice，and can be used for hemiplegia，hemianopsia，dysarthria，dysarthria caused by cerebral thrombosis，as well as amnesia，dizziness，nausea，photophobia，and fatigue caused by migraine headache，which are symptoms of Qi deficiency and blood stasis，and so on. However，there is currently no guideline or consensus based on evidence to guide the clinical use of Naoan Dropping Pills（Capsules）. With the support of the Chinese Society of Traditional Chinese Medicine（CSTCM），Dongzhimen Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine（BUCM）led the 24 Chinese units to compile this consensus. The clinical issues to be addressed were identified through a nominal group approach，whereby the drug inserts were systematically reviewed and a clinical study was conducted involving 110 clinicians from across the country. According to the clinical questions，the evidence of clinical studies was systematically retrieved. The GRADE system was used to evaluate the quality of the evidence，and finally，the recommendation/consensus suggestion was reached through the nominal group method. The consensus provides a detailed specification of the medication characteristics，including the timing of medication intervention，dosage，duration of use，precautions，contraindications，and adverse reactions and treatments of Naoan Dropping Pills（Capsules）for the treatment of migraine. This will facilitate the standardisation of the clinical application of this product，improve the clinical efficacy and reduce the risk of medication. At present，this consensus has been reviewed and published by the Standardization Office of the China Association of Chinese Medicine，with a standard number of GS/CACM 359-2024.
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