To evaluate the clinical effect of Xiaoer Dingchuan s（小儿定喘颗粒）in children with respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia（phlegm-heat blocking lung syndrome）.

A stratified block randomized, single-blind, parallel controlled and multi-center clinical study was conducted. A total of 240 children hospitalized in 10 pediatric centers from October 2022 to June 2024 were randomly divided into control group and experimental group. The control group received the basic treatment, and the experimental group received Xiaoer Dingchuan Granules on the basis of the control group. The medical record observation table was recorded, and the total effective rate, clinical cure time, curative effect of TCM syndromes, curative effect of main symptoms and signs, wheezing score, adverse reactions and wheezing recurrence after discharge were observed and compared between the two groups after the trial.

A total of 240 children were included（120 cases in the experimental group and 120 cases in the control group）. After treatment, the total effective rate, clinical healing time and TCM syndrome efficacy of the experimental group were better than those of the control group, and the total effective rate and TCM syndrome efficacy of the experimental group were higher than those of the control group, with statistical significance（P < 0.05）. The effective rate and onset time of main symptoms and signs in the experimental group were better than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant（P < 0.05）, especially in the symptom of wheezing and phlegm in the throat. After treatment, the wheezing score of the experimental group was lower than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant（P < 0.05）. There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the groups（P > 0.05）. The number of recurrent wheezing after discharge in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group, with statistical significance（P < 0.01）.

The application of Xiaoer Dingchuan Granules in the treatment of children with respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia（phlegm-heat blocking lung syndrome）has a good clinical effect, and has a significant effect in improving the symptoms of wheezing and phlegm in the throat, shortening the acute period and reducing the wheezing recurrence, with high clinical application safety. It is worthy of clinical promotion.

To investigate the intervention effect and mechanism of Jiawei Wendan Decoction（加味温胆汤）on insulin resistance（IR）in obesity type 2 diabetes mellitus（T2DM）rats based on PI3K/AKT-GLUT4 signaling pathway.

Using high-fat feeding induced spontaneous diabetic obese rats（Zucker diabetic fatty, ZDF）, 5 SPF-grade 5 weeks old lean control（fa/+）males were the blank controls, and 10 ZDF（fa/fa）male rats were randomly divided into model control group and Jiawei Wendan Decoction group. The concentration of Jiawei Wendan Decoction was 9.04 g/（kg·d）, while the blank control group and the model control group were given the same volume ultrapure water daily by gavage for 6 weeks. Body weights, food intakes and the levels of fasting blood glucose（FBG）were measured regularly every week, and oral glucose tolerance test（OGTT）was performed at the end of the experiment. The mRNA and protein expression levels of insulin receptor-β（INSR-β）, phosphoinositol 3-kinase（PI3K）, protein kinase B（AKT）, phosphorylated-protein kinase B（p-AKT）and glucose transporter 4（GLUT4）were detected in skeletal muscle tissue by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR experiment（RT-qPCR）and Western blotting experiment（WB）.

Compared with those of the blank control group, the rats of the model control group showed a significant increase in body weight in the early stage, and showed a significant decrease in body weight during the hyperglycemia stage. However, the food intake and FBG increased significantly, and the glucose tolerance decreased significantly. Compared with the model control group, the Jiawei Wendan Decoction group was able to significantly control weekly weight gain and food intake, significantly reducedthe FBG levels, and significantly increased the glucose tolerance. Compared with those in the blank control group, the mRNA and protein expression levels of INSR（β）, PI3K-p85, AKT, p-AKT and GLUT4 were significantly reduced in the model control group. Compared with those in the model control group, the mRNA and protein expression levels of INSR（β）, PI3K-p85, AKT, p-AKT and GLUT4 were significantly increased in the Jiawei Wendan Decoction group.

Jiawei Wendan Decoction can effectively reduce the blood glucose and improve the glucose tolerance. The mechanism may be related to the regulation of IR by the PI3K/AKT-GLUT4 pathway.

High quality images of Chinese herbal medicine can effectively ensure the performance of relevant intelligent algorithms. Designing a quality assessment method of Juhua（Chrysanthemi Flos）image to intelligently screen the images that meet the requirements of application scenarios can provide high practical value.

This research focused on Juhua（Chrysanthemi Flos）. Firstly, it constructed a distorted Juhua（Chrysanthemi Flos）image dataset. And then, it proposed a quality assessment method of Juhua（Chrysanthemi Flos）image based on the deep color feature fusion. In this method, the original Juhua（Chrysanthemi Flos）image was converted from the RGB color space to the HSV color space and Lab color space. The image features of the S color channel, L color channel and b color channel were extracted separately, and the extracted image features were preprocessed. After that, both the preprocessed image features and the original Juhua（Chrysanthemi Flos）image were used as the inputs to a two-stream network to form the fused feature that described the quality of the Juhua（Chrysanthemi Flos）image.

The experimental results demonstrated the rationality of the constructed Juhua（Chrysanthemi Flos）dataset, and the proposed method performed excellently on the distorted Juhua（Chrysanthemi Flos）image dataset, with SROCC and PLCC values reaching above 0.90, and the evaluation results of Juhua（Chrysanthemi Flos）images were highly consistent with the real results.

The method can accurately measures the angular deviation and incomplete distortion of Juhua（Chrysanthemi Flos）in the images, meeting the requirements for intelligent screening of Juhua（Chrysanthemi Flos）images.

4-coumarate CoA ligase（4CL）is a key enzyme in the phenylpropane pathway controlling the biosynthesis of lignan, lignin and other compounds closely related to Niubang（Arctium lappa）microscopic characterization of stone cell development and Niubang（Arctium lappa）glycoside accumulation, the aim of this study was to identify the 4CL genes in Niubang（Arctium lappa）and explore the biological functions of Niubang（Arctium lappa）4CL enzyme gene family＇s biological functions.

In this study, it cloned and sequenced 8 predicted 4CL gene coding sequences（CDS）in the burdock genome, performed bioinformatics analysis on the obtained sequences and performed prokaryotic expression of Al4CL3.

The eight members of Niubang（Arctium lappa）4CL gene family were identified and cloned with 100% consistency with the predicted sequences, except for Al4CL5（96%）and Al4CL8, which had five variant sites. Al4CL3, Al4CL5 and Al4CL8 proteins had two transmembrane helical structures; subcellular localization in the cytoplasm, plasma membrane, chloroplast and endoplasmic reticulum and gene structure. There were some differences in the gene structure, unevenly distributed on chromosomes 1, 2, 3, 9, 10 and 14, and there was a 4CL amino acid conserved domain in the amino acid sequence. There were multiple cis-acting elements in the promoter region of the Al4CL gene, which was induced by multiple hormones or stresses. The phylogenetic analysis showed that Al4CL was divided into three subfamilies, and the covariance analysis showed that there was a closer relationship between members of the Al4CL family of genes and the prickly bracteate thistle. There was a closer relationship between members of the Al4CL gene family and the prickly bracteate thistle. Recombinant plasmid pET-28a-chAl4CL3 was constructed, successfully induced the expression of chAl4CL3 protein and purified.

The excavation and characterization of burdock 4CL gene family provides a certain theoretical basis for the biosynthesis of Niubang（Arctium lappa）and its quality improvement, and provides a reference for the in-depth study of Al4CL and its biological functions.

To investigate the protective mechanism of Sanqi（Panax notoginseng）saponins on gastric mucosa in mice with gastric precancerous lesions combined with myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Eighty-five C57BL/6 mice were divided into 6 groups：blank control group（C group）, model group（M group）, high, medium and low dose groups of Sanqi（Panax notoginseng）saponins（SH, SM, SL groups）, and positive control group（R group）. Except for group C which had 10 animals without modeling, all the other groups had 15 animals in each. A mouse model of gastric precancerous lesions was established by chemical induction and fasting every other day for 310 days. On the 311th day, the model mice underwent the myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury surgery to establish a mouse model of gastric precancerous lesions combined with myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. SH, SM and SL groups were given Sanqi（Panax notoginseng）saponins with the dose of 300, 150, 75 mg/kg, respectively. R group was given rapamycin（1.5 mg/kg）, and C and M groups were given the equal amounts of distilled water. During the modeling of gastric precancerous lesions, the drug was given once a day by intragastric administration. After the completion of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury modeling, the drug was continued to administer once a day for 1 week. HE and AB-PAS staining were used to observe the pathological changes of gastric mucosa. TTC staining was used to observe the heart infarction area and weigh it, and Western blot was used to analyze the expressions of autophagy related proteins.

Histopathological analysis showed that the intrinsic layer of the gastric tissue of mice in group M was arranged in a loose manner, the cell atrophy cavity and trace inflammatory infiltration were evident, the local nucleus necrosis was ablated, the amount of purplish red particles in the epithelial cells was significantly reduced, and there was obvious cell shedding, while the gastric histopathology of mice in SH and R groups was significantly improved. The TTC staining and tissue weighing results showed that compared with the M group, the SH group, SM group, SL group and R group had significantly reduced heart infarction and ischemic area and weight（P < 0.001）. The Western blot results showed that compared with those of the M group, the expressions of LC3 Ⅱ/LC3 Ⅰ, Beclin-1 and ATG5 proteins in the gastric tissues of SH group, SM group and R group mice were up-regulated（P < 0.05 or P < 0.01）, while the expressions of p62, AKT, p-AKT, mTOR and p-mTOR proteins were down-regulated（P < 0.05 or P < 0.01）.

Sanqi（Panax notoginseng）saponins can prevent precancerous lesions and alleviate myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and activating autophagy.

To explore the pathogenesis of anxiety and depression-anxiety（hereinafter referred to as “comorbidity”）in the rat model and the regulatory effects of Jiawei Wendan Decoction（加味温胆汤）based on the changes in the diversity and composition of the gut microbiota.

Fifty-six SPF male SD rats（180～200 g）were randomly divided into the normal control group, model groups（anxiety model group and comorbidity model group）, traditional Chinese medicine（TCM）groups（anxiety TCM group and comorbidity TCM group）, and Western medicine groups（anxiety Western medicine group and comorbidity Western medicine group）. The anxiety and comorbidity models were established using predator exposure stress and chronic restraint stress, respectively. The normal control group and model groups were given the normal saline gavage, while the TCM groups were given Jiawei Wendan Decoction（12 g/kg）by gavage. The anxiety Western medicine group and comorbidity Western medicine group were given paroxetine and probiotics（1.8 mg/kg）by gavage, respectively. After 35 days, the behavioral testing and sampling were conducted. The diversity and compositional changes of the gut microbiota in each group were analyzed using high-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing.

The behavioral data showed that in the anxiety model group, the number of horizontal movements, vertical movements and total distance was significantly decreased compared to those in the normal control group（P < 0.05）. Jiawei Wendan Decoction improved the number of vertical and horizontal movements（P < 0.05）but had no significant effect on total distance. The anti-anxiety drug paroxetine improved the number of vertical movements but showed no significant effects on other parameters（P < 0.05）. In the comorbid model group, the number of horizontal movements, vertical movements and total distance were significantly increased compared to those in the normal control group（P < 0.05）. Jiawei Wendan Decoction significantly affected the total distance（P < 0.05）, and probiotics improved the number of vertical movements and total distance（P < 0.05）but had no significant effect on horizontal movements. Compared to the normal control group, the anxiety model group showed a decrease in ACE, Chao1, PD_whole_tree and Shannon indices, whereas the comorbid model group showed slight increases in these indices. The relative abundances of Firmicutes and Allobaculum were higher in the TCM group for anxiety. Moreover, the relative content of Lactobacillus intestinalis in the samples showed an increasing trend compared with the anxiety model group, and the reduction of Lactobacillus johnsonii was improved. Compared with the comorbidity model group, the proportions of Allobaculum, Lactobacillus, Lactobacillaceae and Lactobacillales were particularly significant in the comorbidity TCM group. Additionally, the relative abundance of the Lactobacillus johnsonii population increased substantially, and this enhancement was superior to that in the comorbidity western medicine group and the model group.

Jiawei Wendan Decoction showed advantages in regulating the intestinal microbiota of anxiety and comorbidity model rats. It not only improved the diversity and structure of intestinal microbiota, but also increased the contents of probiotics, enhanced the expressions of genes related to environmental information processing, and effectively regulated the microbial communities related to aging and neurodegenerative diseases, demonstrating the potential therapeutic advantages.

To investigate the effect of Linggui Zhugan Decoction（苓桂术甘汤）on lipid metabolism in mice with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease（NAFLD）, and to provide a new target and data support for clinical treatment of NAFLD.

C57BL/6J mice were used as the blank control group. ApoE^-/- mice were divided into model group, Linggui Zhugan Decoction low, middle and high dose groups and simvastatin group. The blood lipid levels of mice were detected by automatic biochemical analyzer. Hematoxylin-eosin（HE）staining and oil red O staining were used to determine the degree of liver steatosis in NAFLD mice. RT-qPCR was used to detect the mRNA expressions of PI3K, AKT, FASN, SREBP1 and ATGL. The protein expressions of PI3K, AKT, p-AKT, FASN, SREBP1 and ATGL were detected by Western Blot.

After treatment with Linggui Zhugan Decoction, the serum levels of total cholesterol（TC）, triglyceride（TG）and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol（LDL-C）were down-regulated（P < 0.05）. The expressions of fatty acid synthesis related genes and proteins FASN and SREBP1 were decreased（P < 0.05）, and the expressions of TG breakdown related genes and proteins ATGL were increased（P < 0.05）. The protein expressions of PI3K and p-AKT were significantly increased（P < 0.05）.

Linggui Zhugan Decoction may inhibit the occurrence and development of NAFLD by promoting the decomposition of hepatic triglyceride and inhibiting fatty acid synthesis through PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.

To investigate the mechanism of Shanzha（Hawthorn）extract affecting T cell differentiation and regulating blood lipid level in dyslipidemic mice through neutrophil extracellular trap（NETs）.

Fifty male 6-week-old C57BL/6 J mice were acclimatized for 1 week, 10 mice were fed with normal chow and 40 mice were fed with 60% high-fat chow to establish a high-fat mouse model. 4 weeks after modeling, the high-fat mice were randomly divided into a high-fat diet（HFD）group, a HFD + Shanzha（Hawthorn）extract group, and a HFD + NETs inhibitor carrier solvent group, HFD + NETs inhibitor GSK484 group. The mice in the HFD + Hawthorn extract group were treated with Shanzha（Hawthorn）extract by gavage［5.2 g/（kg·d）］. The mice in the HFD + NETs inhibitor GSK484 group were intraperitoneally injected with GSK484［4 mg/（kg·d）］. The mice in the HFD + NETs inhibitor carrier solvent group were intraperitoneally injected with an equal amount of carrier solvent, and the mice in the control group and the HFD group were injected with an equal amount of distilled water at the same time. The equal amount of the distilled water was administered orally. After 4 weeks of drug administration, the levels of serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were measured by biochemical analyzer. The levels of serum interferon-γ（IFN-γ）, interleukin-4（IL-4）, interleukin-10（IL-10）, interleukin-17A（IL-17A）and interleukin-21（IL-21）were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA）. The immunofluorescence double staining was used for the expressions of neutrophil myeloperoxidase（MPO）and citrullinated histone（CitH3）to analyze the formation of NETs, and Western blotting was used for the protein expressions of peripheral blood mononuclear cell T-box transcription factor 21（TBx21）, Gata-binding protein 3（Gata-3）, retinoic acid-related orphan nuclear receptor γt（RORγt）, forkhead-like transcription factor 3（Foxp3）and B-cell lymphoma 6（Bcl-6）.

Compared with those in the normal control group, the high-fat diet mice showed significant increase in body weights, significant increase in the levels of TC, TG and LDL-C, significant decrease in HDL-C levels, significant increase in the levels of IFN-γ, IL-17A and IL-21, and significant decrease in the levels of IL-4 and IL-10, significant increase in the expression levels of MPO and CitH3, and significant increase in the expression levels of protein expressions of Tbx21 and RORγt in the peripheral blood, and significant decrease in the levels of Gata3, Foxp3 and Bcl-6. Compared with those in the HDF group, the mice in the HFD + Shanzha（Hawthorn）extract group and the HFD + NETs inhibitor GSK484 group had significantly lower body weights, significantly lower levels of TC, TG and LDL-C, significantly higher levels of HDL-C, significantly lower levels of IFN-γ, whereas IL-10 was significantly increased in the HFD + Shanzha（Hawthorn）extract group compared to that in the HFD group, and there was no significant difference in the HFD + NETs inhibitor GSK484 group. Compared to those in the HFD group, in the HFD + Shanzha（Hawthorn）extract and HFD + NETs inhibitor GSK484 groups, the expression levels of MPO and CitH3 dropped significantly. The protein expressions of Tbx21 and RORγt decreased notably, while the Gata3 protein expression increased. Bcl-6 and Foxp3 in the HFD + Shanzha（Hawthorn）extract group increased significantly, but in the HFD + NETs inhibitor GSK484 group, Foxp3 showed no significant change.

The mechanism of action of Shanzha（Hawthorn）extract may be related to the regulation of factors such as Tbx21, RORγt and Gata3, which affect Th1/Th2 and Th17/Treg differentiation, by decreasing the level of NETs in dyslipidemic mice and thus effectively ameliorating dyslipidemia.

To investigate the inhibitory pharmacological effects of Morusin on the function of the RNA polymerase of SARS-CoV-2, and the target enzyme inhibitory activity of 5 kinds of traditional Chinese medicine ingredients similar to mulberry sinin was predicted.

Molecular docking technology was used to study the binding mode of Morusin to the active site of the RNA polymerase of SARS-CoV-2. The inhibitory activity of Morusin on RNA polymerase was then tested using a cell-based RNA polymerase catalytic system. Five small molecules with structural analogs of morocinin were selected from the components of Morus traditional Chinese medicine, and their interaction patterns with amino acids at the active site of RNA polymerase were studied using molecular docking methods.

Morusin can firmly occupy the NTPs channel of RNA polymerase and block the entry of nucleotides, thereby inhibiting the nucleic acid replication function of RNA polymerase. Pharmacological experiments at the cellular level confirmed that the inhibitory activity of Morusin on RNA polymerase was stronger than that of the control drug remdesivir. At the same time, the 5 kinds of small molecules of the structural analogs of mulberry can also bind to the active site of RNA polymerase and have enzyme inhibitory activity.

This study has found that Morusin has strong inhibitory activity on RNA polymerase, the five analogs are also predicted to have strong RNA polymerase inhibitory activity, and the results can provide a reference for the development of anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs.

To observe the effects of Yiqi Huoxue Tiaomai Decoction（益气活血调脉汤）combined with amiodarone on rapid ventricular rate control and cardiac function in patients with atrial fibrillation.

Sixty patients with atrial fibrillation and rapid ventricular rate admitted to the Traditional Chinese Medicine Department of the hospital from January to December 2023 were selected. The patients were randomly divided into two groups using a digitalization method：a control group（taking amiodarone hydrochloride tablets orally, 30 cases）and an observation group（taking Yiqi Huoxue Tiaomai Decoction combined with amiodarone hydrochloride tablets orally, 30 cases）. The clinical efficacy, ventricular rate, heart function, and adverse reactions were compared between two groups.

The effective rate of the control group（73.33%）was significantly lower than that of the observation group（93.33%）, and the difference was statistically significant（P < 0.05）. There was no significant difference in ventricular rate between the two groups before and one week after intervention（P > 0.05）. After 2 weeks of intervention, the ventricular rate of the observation group decreased compared to that of the control group, but the difference was not statistically significant（P > 0.05）. After 3 and 4 weeks of intervention, the ventricular rate of the observation group patients was significantly reduced compared to that of the control group（P < 0.01）. There was no significant difference in the levels of various cardiac function indicators between the two groups before intervention（P > 0.05）. After 4 weeks of intervention, the levels of left ventricular ejection fraction（LVEF）and the ratio of peak early diastolic blood flow to peak late diastolic blood flow in the left ventricle（E/A）of the observation group were significantly increased compared to those of the control group, while the levels of left ventricular end diastolic diameter（LVEDD）and left ventricular end systolic diameter（LVESD）were significantly reduced（P < 0.01）. There was no significant difference in serum levels of angiotensin Ⅱ（Ang-Ⅱ）, norepinephrine（NE）or brain natriuretic peptide（BNP）between the two groups before intervention（P > 0.05）. After 4 weeks of intervention, the serum levels of Ang-Ⅱ, NE and BNP in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group（P < 0.01）. There was no significant difference in the scores of main symptoms such as palpitations, chest tightness, heart pain, shortness of breath or fatigue between the two groups before intervention（P > 0.05）. After 4 weeks of intervention, the scores of the above symptoms in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group（P < 0.01）. During the intervention period, the two groups experienced adverse reactions, mainly including gastrointestinal discomfort, abnormal liver and kidney function, abnormal bleeding and bradycardia, but there was no significant difference in the overall incidence rate（P > 0.05）.

The combination of Yiqi Huoxue Tiaomai Decoction and amiodarone in the treatment of patients with atrial fibrillation and rapid ventricular rate can not only control the heart rate, but also improve the cardiac function, alleviate the clinical symptoms such as palpitations, chest tightness, pain, shortness of breath and fatigue.

This study observed the effects of Jianpi Huatan Formula（健脾化痰方, JPHTF）on oxidized low-density lipoprotein（ox-LDL）induced vascular smooth muscle cell viability, proliferation, phenotype transformation and inflammatory factors in vitro.

Smooth muscle cells were isolated from the thoracic aorta of C57BL/6J mice. The 6-8 week old Sprague Dawley rats were orally administered, and the blood samples were collected from the abdominal aorta to prepare the drug containing serum. The DMEM medium culture was the control group. The ox-LDL induction（100 μg/mL）was the ox-LDL group. The atorvastatin group were the serum containing ox-LDL and atorvastatin（0.4 μM）. JPHTF low, middle and high dose groups were the serum containing ox-LDL and JPHTF（5%, 10%, 15%）. The identification of the first generation vascular smooth muscle cells？（VSMCs）was carried out by using immunofluorescence staining with α-smooth muscle actin（α-SMA）antibody. The cell counting kit-8（CCK-8）method was used to detect the cell viability. Transwell assay was used to observe the cell migration. Western Blot was used to detect the expressions of α-SMA, Calponin, SM22α, proliferating cell nuclear antigen（PCNA）, osteopontin（OPN）, ASC, NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3（NLRP3）and cleaved caspase-1 in cells, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA）was used to detect the levels of interleukin-1β（IL-1β）, interleukin -18（IL-18）, tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α）and interleukin-6（IL-6）in cell supernatant.

JPHTF inhibited ox-LDL induced VSMCs proliferation and phenotype transition. JPHTF reduced the protein expression levels of NLRP3, ASC and cleaved caspase-1. ELISA results showed that JPHTF significantly reduced the levels of IL-1β and IL-18, as well as the levels of TNF-α and IL-6.

The effect of JPHTF in vitro can inhibit the conversion of VSMCs induced by ox-LDL from contractile phenotype to synthetic phenotype, reduce the ability of cell proliferation and migration, lower the levels of NL-RP3, ASC and cleaved caspase-1, and inhibit the activation of inflammasome, thereby inhibiting the development of atherosclerosis.

To reveal whether Formononetin（FMN）inhibits ferroptosis in HT22 cells induced by oxygen glucose deprivation/reoxygenation by activating the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2（Nrf2）/Glutathione peroxidase 4（GPX4）？pathway.

HT22 cells were subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation（OGD/R）damage to create an in vitro model, and HT22 cells were divided into control group（CON）, FMN group（FMN）, model group（OGD/R）, model + FMN group（OGD/R + FMN）, model + ML385 group（OGD/R + ML385）, model + RSL3 group（OGD/R + RSL3）. The CCK-8 method was used to detect the cell viability. DCFH-DA probe was used to detect the level of intracellular ROS. TUNEL staining and flow cytometry were used to detect the apoptosis. The colorimetric method was used to detect Fe²⁺ content in cells. Western blot was used to detect the protein expression levels of Nrf2 and GPX4.

Compared with those in the CON group, the cell proliferation activity in the OGD/R group was significantly reduced, the Fe²⁺ content, ROS level and apoptosis ratio were significantly increased, and the protein expressions of Nrf2 and GPX4 were significantly decreased（P > 0.05）. Compared with the OGD/R group, the OGD/R + FMN group had significantly increased cell proliferation activity（P < 0.05）, Fe²⁺ content, ROS level and apoptosis ratio significantly decreased and the expressions of Nrf2 and GPX4 proteins increased significantly. Compared with those of the OGD/R group, the cell proliferative activity of the OGD/R + ML385 group and the OGD/R + RSL3 group was significantly decreased（P < 0.05）, the Fe²⁺ content, ROS level and apoptosis ratio were significantly increased, the expression of Nrf2 protein in the OGD/R + ML835 group was significantly decreased（P < 0.05）, and the expression of GPX4 protein in the OGD/R + RSL3 group was significantly decreased（P < 0.05）.

FMN may inhibit ferroptosis induced by oxygen glucose deprivation/reoxygenation by activating the Nrf2/GPX4 pathway.

To explore the protective effect of Bushen Zhuanggu Prescription（补肾壮骨方）on chondrocyte degeneration in rats and its mechanism of action.

Primary chondrocytes from rats were isolated and stimulated with various concentrations of interleukin-1β（IL-1β）to identify the optimal concentration for inducing an osteoarthritis（OA）cell model. Concurrently, the serum containing Bushen Zhuanggu Formula at high, medium and low concentration gradients, or serum containing hydrochloric aminoglucose capsules, was prepared as a cellular intervention. The expressions of mRNA and proteins related to cartilage degeneration and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway were measured, and the transmission electron microscopy was used to evaluate the changes in cellular ultrastructure.

After stimulation with IL-1β, the expressions of proteins related to cartilage degeneration and the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in chondrocytes was significantly abnormal, and the severe cellular damage was observed under ultrastructural examination. However, Bushen Zhuanggu Formula, by inhibiting the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, reduced the expressions of inflammatory factors and MMPs induced by IL-1β and promoted the expressions of Collagen Ⅱ and Aggrecan, thereby protecting the chondrocytes.

Serum containing Bushen Zhuanggu Formula can reduce the abnormal expression of degeneration-related proteins by inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, thus exerting a protective effect.

To study the effects of moxibustion method of “warming Yang and dredging vessels” on the morphology and function of mitochondria and the level of apoptosis in ApoE^-/- atherosclerosis（AS）mice, and to explore the mechanism of prevention and treatment of AS.

Twenty-two 8-week-old SPF-grade male ApoE^-/- mice were randomly allocated into the model group and the moxibustion group, each comprising 11 mice, and the mice were placed on a high-fat diet to establish the atherosclerosis model. Eleven C57BL/6J mice formed the control group and were administered the standard chow. The intervention commenced on the initial day of the modeling for each group, with only the control and model groups being restricted, while the mice in the moxibustion group were positioned at “Danzhong（RN17）”, “Shenque（RN8）” and “Neiguan（PC6）”（bilaterally）. The mice in the moxibustion group received moxibustion at “Danzhong（RN17）”, “Shenque（RN8）”, “Neiguan（PC6）”（bilaterally）and “Xuehai（SP10）”（bilaterally）, administered daily for 30 minutes, five times per week. The samples were collected 12 weeks after intervention. The levels of serum triglyceride（TG）and total cholesterol（TC）were quantified by using an enzymatic assay, while the levels of serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol（LDL-C）and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol（HDL-C）were assessed by a colorimetric test. The utilization of hematoxylin-eosin（HE）staining facilitated the examination of the pathological morphology and the structure of the thoracic aorta in mice. The transmission electron microscopy was utilized to analyze the morphology of mitochondria in the thoracic aorta, and the whilst flow cytometry（JC-1）was used to evaluate the mitochondrial membrane potential in the thoracic aorta. The changes in mitochondrial membrane potential（MMP）were assessed by using JC-1. The cytochrome C（Cyt C）protein expression in the thoracic aorta was examined through immunofluorescence staining and the protein expression levels of Bax, Bcl-2 and caspase-3 in the thoracic aorta were measured by using immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis.

Compared with those of the control group, the levels of serum TC, TG and LDL-C of mice in the model group were significantly higher（P < 0.01）and HDL-C levels were significantly lower（P < 0.01）. The thoracic aortic structures in mice showed intimal thickening, endothelial cell degeneration, swelling and detachment, and the foam cells were seen. The mitochondria were massively swollen and the number of cristae was greatly reduced. Mitochondrial membrane potential levels were significantly reduced（P < 0.01）. The Cyt C protein levels were significantly higher in thoracic aortic tissue（P < 0.01）. The protein expression levels of Bax and Caspase-3 were significantly higher（P < 0.01）, and the protein expression level of Bcl-2 was significantly lower（P < 0.01）.

“Warming Yang and dredging vessels” moxibustion prevents and treats AS by improving the morphology and function of mitochondria and reducing the level of apoptosis.

To establish a rapid and effective identification method for different aged Baixianpi（Dictamnus dasycarpus）products based on odor differences using electronic nose technology.

The Baixianpi（Dictamnus dasycarpus）odor data was obtained by using the electronic nose technology. The precise classification and recognition of Baixianpi（Dictamnus dasycarpus）samples of different ages were carried out through PCA, LDA, Loadings analysis, KNN, SVM, discriminant analysis, ensemble classifier and neural network classifier.

The radar chart and Loadings analysis results were consistent, and five sensors, W5S, W1S, W1W, W2S and W2W, have significant responses to the Baixianpi（Dictamnus dasycarpus）odor. PCA cannot effectively distinguish Baixianpi（Dictamnus dasycarpus）of different ages. LDA can effectively distinguish Baixianpi（Dictamnus dasycarpus）samples of different ages, but some samples showed overlap. Among the five classification models, SVM, discriminant analysis and ensemble classifier all achieved the classification accuracy of over 90%, with ensemble classifier being the best classification model with an accuracy of 98.9%.

This study establishes a Baixianpi（Dictamnus dasycarpus）age discrimination model based on electronic nose technology, which can provide methodological references for the age identification of other traditional Chinese medicinal materials.

To explore the genetic association between hyperlipidemia and type 2 diabetes mellitus using the Mendelian randomization（MR）method, and to clarify the potential mediating role of circulating inflammatory factors in the relationship between them.

Public Genome-wide association study（GWAS）data was used. The hyperlipidemia data was obtained from GCST90475724（including 436 724 cases, with 17 425 cases of hyperlipidemia）. The T2DM data was from a study by Loh PR and other authors on 468 298 European individuals. The inflammatory factor data was derived from the plasma proteome study by TRAYLOR M（91 analyzable inflammatory factors were screened out）. A two-sample bidirectional MR analysis was conducted to evaluate the total effect between hyperlipidemia and T2DM. A two-step MR method was used for mediation analysis. First, the causal effect of hyperlipidemia on inflammatory factors was determined, and then the impact of inflammatory factors on T2DM was assessed, so as to quantify the direct effect and mediating effect. For the selection of instrumental variables single nucleotide polymorphisms（SNPs）, a significant association criterion of P < 5 × 10^-8 was adopted. Linkage disequilibrium screening（R² < 0.001, threshold of 10 000 kb）and F-statistic（> 10）were used to ensure the validity of instrumental variables. The inverse variance weighting（IVW）was used as the main analysis method, supplemented by sensitivity analyses such as maximum likelihood method, weighted median method, MR-Egger regression and MR-PRESSO to verify the robustness of the results.

There was a significant association between hyperlipidemia and T2DM（OR = 1.748, 95% CI = 1.013-3.015, P = 0.044）, and there was no significant heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy. Mediation analysis found that 7 inflammatory factors were associated with T2DM. Among them, fibroblast growth factor 21（FGF21, OR = 1.595, P = 0.009）was a risk factor, and fibroblast growth factor 19（FGF19, OR = 0.807, P = 0.001）was a protective factor. Further analysis showed that interleukin-4（IL-4, OR = 1.089, P = 0.012）and FGF19（OR = 0.863, P = 0.043）might act as mediating factors and participate in the causal pathway from hyperlipidemia to T2DM.

This study reveals the genetic causal relationship between hyperlipidemia and T2DM, confirms the mediating role of specific inflammatory factors in the association between the two. At the same time, traditional Chinese medicine plays an important role in the treatment of both diseases, providing genetic evidence and important means for preventing or treating T2DM by regulating inflammatory factors.

To explore the protective effect and underlying mechanisms of Jiawei Zexie Decoction（加味泽泻汤, JWZXD）on endothelial injury in hyperlipidemia through the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B/nuclear factor-κB（PI3K/AKT/NF-κB）pathway.

Thirty 4-week-old male SD rats were randomly divided into a normal group（n = 6）and a modeling group（n = 24）. The modeling group was fed a high-fat diet for 20 weeks to establish a hyperlipidemia model. The 24 successfully modeled rats were then randomly divided into four groups：the model group, the JWZXD standard dose group, the JWZXD high-dose group, and the atorvastatin calcium group. After 4 weeks of drug intervention, the body weight, four blood lipid parameters［total cholesterol（TC）, triglyceride（TG）, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol（HDL-C）, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol（LDL-C）］and endothelial function-related indicators［endothelin-1（ET-1）, nitric oxide（NO）］were detected, and the aortic tissue was stained with hematoxylin and eosin（HE）to evaluate the therapeutic effect of JWZXD on endothelial injury in hyperlipidemia. Subsequently, the network pharmacology analysis was conducted to further explore the pharmacological mechanisms at play. The active components and targets of JWZXD were predicted using the TCMSP, Swiss Target Prediction, HERB, ETCM and BATMAN databases. The targets related to hyperlipidemia and endothelial dysfunction were retrieved from the GeneCards, OMIM, DisGeNET and TTD databases. Venn diagrams, protein-protein interaction（PPI）networks and enrichment analysis were employed to identify mechanism pathways. Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR（RT-qPCR）was used to detect the mRNA expressions of PI3K, AKT1, NF-κB, IL-6 and TNF in each group and Western blot analysis was conducted to measure the expression levels of endothelial injury pathway-related proteins p-PI3K, PI3K, p-AKT, AKT and NF-κB.

Compared with the normal group, the model group showed increased levels of TC, TG, LDL-C and ET-1（P < 0.01）, and decreased levels of HDL-C and NO（P < 0.05, P < 0.01）. Network pharmacology analysis identified 29 active ingredients in JWZXD, including 24-acetyl alismol A, kaempferol, alismol A, alismol B, alismol C and atractylenolide I. After PPI network and topological analysis, 62 core targets such as IL-6, AKT1, TNF, IL-1B and STAT3 were identified. Enrichment analysis using the DAVID platform mainly identified 156 signaling pathways, including the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway, lipids and atherosclerosis, HIF-1 signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway and EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance. Animal experiment results showed that compared with the model group, JWZXD down-regulated the mRNA expression levels of PI3K, AKT1, NF-κB, IL-6, TNF, etc., and up-regulated the protein expression levels of endothelial p-PI3K, PI3K, p-AKT and AKT（P < 0.05, P < 0.01）while down-regulated the protein expression of NF-κB（P < 0.05, P < 0.01）.

JWZXD has a good effect on lowering blood lipids, inhibiting the expression of inflammatory factors and protecting vascular endothelial function. Its mechanism may be achieved through the activation of the PI3K/AKT/NF-κB signaling pathway.

To achieve the co-delivery of water insoluble anti-tumor herbal components and enhance their anti-tumor efficacy, the natural polyphenolic compounds curcumin（Cur）and quercetin（Que）were co-assembled into curcumin-quercetin nanoparticles by carrier-free drug self-assembly technology.

The organic solution containing Cur and Que was added to an aqueous system by a drug liquid-phase self-assembly method to finally prepare curcumin-quercetin nanoparticles（Cur-Que NPs）. The morphology, particle size, phase properties and the stability of Cur-Que NPs were investigated by scanning electron microscopy（SEM）, X-ray powder diffraction（XRPD）and differential scanning calorimetry（DSC）. The self-assembly mechanism of Cur-Que was studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FTIR）. The cytotoxicity of Cur-Que NPs on 4T1 cells was investigated by MTT assay. A 4T1 tumor-bearing mice model was established to study the combined anti-tumor efficacy of Cur-Que NPs in vivo.

The prepared Cur-Que NPs were amorphous and spherical with the particle size at（44.33 ± 12.18）nm. The lyophilized-treated Cur-Que NPs also remained spherical and the particle size was（44.53 ± 10.08）nm in SEM, indicating that the Cur-Que NPs had good stability. From the SEM, XRPD and DSC results, the morphology, particle size as well as existing forms of the lyophilized Cur-Que NPs remained unchanged for 6 months of storage at room temperature away from light, indicating that the Cur-Que NPs had good physical stability. From FTIR result, hydrogen bonding interaction was the driving force for the self-assembly of Cur-Que. Compared to other treatment groups, the Cur-Que NPs group showed significantly enhanced cytotoxicity（P < 0.001）. Also, the Cur-Que NPs group had the most significant inhibitory effect on tumor growth compared with the Cur API group or the Que API group（P < 0.05）.

Carrier-free Cur-Que NPs for self-assembly could achieve co-delivery for drugs and significantly improve anti-tumor efficacy.

To prepare exosomes（Exos）derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells（HucMSC）loaded with Forsythoside A（FTA）, and investigate their mechanism of action on acute lung injury（ALI）based on the sphingosine-1-phosphate（S1P）/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase（PI3K）/protein kinase B1（AKT1）signaling pathway.

HucMSC-Exos were extracted, FTA-Exos were prepared, and characterized through Malvern particle size analyzer, transmission electron microscope and Western blot（WB）experiments. The drug loading of FTA-Exos was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. An ALI cell model was constructed by stimulating human bronchial epithelial cells（BEAS-2B）with lipopolysaccharide（LPS）, and the cells were divided into a control group, a model group, an FTA group and an FTA-Exos group. The uptake effect of FTA-Exos by BEAS-2B cells was observed using laser confocal microscopy. Flow cytometry was used to detect the level of reactive oxygen species（ROS）in cells from each group. WB experiments were performed to detect the expression levels of S1P, PI3K and AKT1 proteins in cells of each group.

The particle size and morphology of HucMSC-Exos and FTA-Exos both conformed to the biological characteristics of exosomes, and they positively expressed the marker proteins heat shock protein 70（HSP70）, tumor susceptibility gene 101（TSG101）and cluster of differentiation 81（CD81）. The drug loading of FTA-Exos was（8.11 ± 0.36）%. FTA-Exos could be effectively taken up by BEAS-2B cells, and the fluorescence intensity was significantly enhanced at 4 hours. Compared with those in the control group, the levels of ROS and the expressions of S1P, PI3K and AKT1 proteins were significantly increased in the ALI cell model group（P < 0.01）. In comparison with those in the model group, the levels of ROS and the expressions of S1P, PI3K and AKt1 proteins were significantly decreased in both the FTA group and the FTA-Exos group（P < 0.05, P < 0.01）.

The study successfully prepared FTA-Exos and demonstrated that they can regulate ALI cell models by affecting ROS levels and the S1P/PI3K/AKT1 signaling pathway, providing new ideas for the development and application of FTA in the treatment of ALI.

To study the effect of Dingchuan Decoction（定喘汤）on TCM syndrome score and airway function in children with cough variant asthma（wind-heat attacking lung syndrome）.

A total of 120 children with cough variant asthma（wind-heat attacking lung syndrome）treated in the hospital from October 2023 to February 2024 were selected and divided into two groups according to the random number table method, with 60 cases in each group. The control group was treated with montelukast sodium, and the observation group was treated with Dingchuan Decoction on the basis of the control group. The course of treatment in both groups was 2 months. The efficacy, TCM syndrome scores, airway function parameters, inflammatory factors and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.

The total effective rate of the observation group was 98.33%, which was significantly higher than 86.67% of the control group（P < 0.05）. After treatment, the scores of main TCM syndromes of asthma, cough and expectoration, chest tightness and irritability, red tongue and yellow moss in the two groups were significantly decreased, and the above scores in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group［（1.84 ± 0.33）points, （2.01 ± 0.75）points, （1.62 ± 0.28）points, （1.83 ± 0.26）points vs（2.40 ± 0.56）points, （2.42 ± 0.68）points, （2.05 ± 0.31）points, （2.04 ± 0.39）points］（P < 0.05）. After treatment. The percentage of forced expiratory volume in one second（FEV1%）, forced expiratory flow at 50% of FVC exhaled（FEF50）and forced expiratory flow at 50% of FVC exhaled（FEF75）were significantly increased. The above indexes in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group［（85.24 ± 7.91）%, （1.86 ± 0.46）L/s, （0.91 ± 0.20）L/s vs（82.30 ± 6.55）%, （1.69 ± 0.37）L/s, （0.82 ± 0.15）L/s］（P < 0.05）. After treatment, the levels of hypersensitive C-reactive protein（hs-CRP）, interleukin（IL）- 17 and IL-23 in the two groups were significantly decreased. The above indexes in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group［（7.08 ± 1.12）mg/L, （67.38 ± 7.89）ng/L, （21.36 ± 2.70）ng/L vs（10.31 ± 1.67）mg/L, （71.41 ± 6.59）ng/L, （26.08 ± 2.59）ng/L］（P < 0.05）. No serious adverse reactions occurred in both groups.

Dingchuan Decoction has a significant effect on children with cough variant asthma（wind-heat attacking lung syndrome）. It can more effectively alleviate various TCM syndromes, reduce the airway inflammation and improve the airway function. It is safe and worthy of application.

To optimize the process conditions for extracting polysaccharides from Yejiaoteng（Tuber Fleeceflower Stem）using water extraction and alcohol precipitation method.

Water extraction and alcohol precipitation were used to extract polysaccharides from Yejiaoteng（Tuber Fleeceflower Stem）, and a three-factor experiment was conducted. On this basis, a Box Benhnken（BBD）response surface experiment was designed, integrating the experimental results and fitting the data. A fitting model was established for the degree of influence between factors and response values, and its water extraction and alcohol precipitation process were optimized. And it preliminarily characterized the structure of its polysaccharides and determined their antioxidant activity.

The optimal extraction conditions for water extraction and alcohol extraction of polysaccharides from Yejiaoteng（Tuber Fleeceflower Stem）were a solid-liquid ratio of 1∶22.11（g/mL）, reflux time of 129 min 36 s, 3 times. The average extraction rate of 5 times was 4.324%, which was close to the system＇s predicted value of 4.313%. After PMP derivatization and HPLC analysis, the results showed that the polysaccharides of Yejiaoteng（Tuber Fleeceflower Stem）were mainly composed of Man, Rha, Glc and Gal, with a molar ratio of 29.87∶3.36∶51.25∶39.98. The infrared spectrum showed characteristic peaks of polysaccharides at 3420, 1600, 1000 cm^-1. The clearance rates of polysaccharides（Y-TD）on DPPH and ABTS free radicals were 78.2% and 85.4%, respectively.

Box-Behnken response surface design optimization of water extraction and alcohol precipitation extraction process is stable and reliable, and can be used to extract polysaccharides from Yejiaoteng（Tuber Fleeceflower Stem）with antioxidant activity.

To investigate the effect of Modified Xiangsha Liujunzi Decoction（香砂六君子汤加减）on the precancerous lesions of chronic atrophic gastritis and the levels of gastric mucosal related factors.

A hundred patients with chronic atrophic gastritis with deficiency of spleen and stomach treated in Jinhua Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from May 2021 to April 2024 were randomly divided into control group and combination group, with 50 cases in each group. After admission, the patients of two groups were instructed to have a light diet, avoid spicy and stimulating foods, and pay attention to rest. The control group was treated with folic acid combined with Weifuchun Tablets（胃复春片）, and on the basis of the above, Xiangsha Liujunzi Decoction was treated with a course of 4 weeks for 3 consecutive courses. After treatment, TCM syndrome scores, clinical total effective rates, gastroscopy pathological scores and adverse reactions during treatment as well as the changes of gastric mucosal related factors nitric oxide（NO）, recombinant P-selectin（SELP）, leukocyte endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1（LECAM-1）and endothelin-1（ET-1）were compared between the two groups.

（1）TCM symptom score：After treatment, all symptom scores of the two groups were lower than those before treatment（P < 0.05）, and the combination group was better than the control group in improving TCM symptom scores of stomachache, belching, lethargy, loose stool, shortness of breath, fatigue and fatigue（P < 0.05）. There was no significant difference in improvement of epigastric fullness between the two groups（P > 0.05）.（2）Clinical efficacy：The total clinical effective rate of the combination group was 94.00%, which was significantly higher than that of the control group（72.00%）, and the difference was statistically significant（P < 0.05）.（3）Gastroscopy pathological score：After treatment, the gastroscopy pathological scores of the two groups were decreased compared with those before treatment（P < 0.05）, and all the gastroscopy pathological scores of the combination group were decreased compared with those of the control group（P < 0.05）.（4）After treatment, the levels of NO, SELP, LECAM-1 and ET-1 in two groups were lower than those before treatment（P < 0.05）. The reduction in the combination group was more significant than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant（P < 0.05）.（5）Adverse reactions：The incidence of adverse reactions during treatment in the combination group was 8.00%, which was lower than that in the control group（14.00%）, but the difference was not statistically significant（P > 0.05）.

Xiangshan Liujunzi Decoction has a certain therapeutic effect on patients with chronic atrophic gastritis with deficiency of spleen and stomach, which can improve the total effective rate and the pathological status of patients, inhibit the secretion of NO, SELP, LECAM-1 and ET-1, regulate the inflammatory microenvironment of gastric mucosa, and plays a role in protecting gastric mucosa.

To investigate the effect of Shengqing Jiangzhuo Capsule（升清降浊胶囊, SQJZC）on membranous nephropathy in rats and its specific mechanism.

The rat model of membranous nephropathy was established, and the rats were treated with different concentrations of SQJZC. Biochemical indicators were determined, including 24-hour proteinuria, blood urea nitrogen（BUN）, serum creatinine（SCR）, triglyceride（TG）, total cholesterol（TC）, alanine aminotransferase（ALT）and aspartate aminotransferase（AST）. Hematoxylin eosin（HE）and periodic acid silver amine（PASM）staining were conducted to observe the pathological changes of glomerulus. The related indexes of Wnt1/β-catenin signaling pathway were detected by Western blot.

After SQJZC treatment, the 24 h urine protein of the rats decreased（P < 0.05）. There were no significant changes in BUN, SCR, AST or ALT in each group. Compared with those in the model group, the levels of TC and TG in the SQJZC group decreased in some degrees（P < 0.05）. The pathological staining results showed that SQJZC could alleviate the glomerular capillary basement membrane thickening in rats. Western blot results showed that SQJZC could restore the expression of nephrin protein in renal tissue. Compared with those of the blank group, the expression levels of MMP-7, Cyclin D1, CTGF, Wnt1, c-Myc, β-catenin and active β-catenin in the model group were increased（P < 0.05）. Compared with those of the model group, the expression levels of MMP-7, Cyclin D1, CTGF, Wnt1, c-Myc, β-catenin and active β-catenin in the SQJZC group were decreased（P < 0.05）.

SQJZC could alleviate the renal injury in rats with membranous nephropathy, and its mechanism may be through Wnt1/β-catenin signaling pathway.

To observe the clinical effect of acupuncture combined with Modified Liuwei Dihuang Pill（六味地黄丸加味）on the elderly stroke patients with hypertension（Yin deficiency of liver and kidney type）and its impact on blood pressure levels.

A hundred and ten elderly stroke patients with hypertension treated in the Traditional Chinese Medicine Department of The Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University from January 2021 to January 2024 were randomly divided into a control group and an experimental group, with 55 patients in each group. The control group was treated with nifedipine controlled-release tablets, while the experimental group was treated with acupuncture combined with Modified Liuwei Dihuang Pills. The clinical efficacy, blood pressure, blood lipid levels and safety were compared between two groups.

The effective rate of the experimental group（94.55%, 52/55）was significantly better than that of the control group（83.64%, 46/55）. Compared with those before intervention, the systolic and diastolic blood pressures of the patients in both groups were significantly reduced after 4 and 8 weeks of intervention（P < 0.05）. Compared with those in the control group, the systolic and diastolic blood pressures of the patients in the experimental group were significantly reduced after intervention for 4 and 8 weeks（P < 0.05）. Compared with those before intervention, the levels of TC, TG and LDL-C in both groups were significantly down-regulated after 4 and 8 weeks of intervention, while the level of HDL-C was significantly up-regulated（P < 0.05）. Compared with those of the control group, the levels of TC, TG and levels of the experimental group were significantly down regulated after 4 and 8 weeks of intervention, while the HDL-C level was significantly up-regulated（P < 0.05）. Compared with those before intervention, the NIHSS scores of both groups were significantly reduced after 4 and 8 weeks of intervention（P < 0.05）. Compared with those of the control group, the NIHSS scores of the experimental group were significantly reduced after 4 and 8 weeks of intervention（P < 0.05）. Compared with those before intervention, the SS-QOL scores of both groups were significantly up-regulated after 4 and 8 weeks of intervention（P < 0.05）. Compared with those in the control group, the SS-QOL scores of the patients in the experimental group were significantly up-regulated after 4 and 8 weeks of intervention（P < 0.05）. During the pre-treatment period, the main adverse reactions of the patients included nausea and vomiting, loss of appetite, palpitations and chest tightness, dizziness and headache, but there was no significant difference in the total incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups（P > 0.05）.

Acupuncture combined with Modified Liuwei Dihuang Pills can achieve better clinical efficacy in the elderly stroke patients with hypertension（Yin deficiency of liver and kidney type）. It can control the systolic and diastolic blood pressures more smoothly, reduce the blood lipids, improve the neurological and limb functions of the stroke patients, and has higher safety.

To study the effects of Qingjin Huatan Decoction（清金化痰汤）and Qianjin Weijian Decoction（千金苇茎汤）on patients with bronchiectasis and infection.

A total of 106 patients with bronchiectasis and infection admitted to the hospital from April 2022 to April 2024 were selected as the study objects. The patients were divided into two groups by random number table method. Fifty-three patients receiving conventional western medicine treatment were established as the control group, on the basis of conventional western medicine, 53 patients who were treated with Qingjin Huatan Decoction and Qianjin Weijian decoction as the experiment group. Both groups were treated for 2 weeks. After treatment, the clinical efficacy, improvement degree of traditional Chinese medicine symptoms, lung function before and after treatment, sputum culture results, serum inflammatory markers, bronchiectasis severity index（BSI）score, lung lobe involvement and safety of the two groups were observed and compared.

The total effective rate of the experimental group was 96.23%, higher than that（84.91%）of the control group（P < 0.05）. After treatment, the scores of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome in both groups decreased, and compared with the control group, the experimental group showed a more significant decrease（P < 0.05）. After treatment, compared with the control group, the experimental group had higher levels of forced expiratory volume in the first second（FEV1）and the ratio of forced expiratory volume in the first second to lung capacity（FEV1/FVC）, and lower levels of BSI grading and lung lobe involvement（P < 0.05）. After treatment, compared with the control group, the experimental group had lower levels of white blood cell count（WBC）, C-reactive protein（CRP）and procalcitonin（PCT）（P < 0.05）. The pathogen detection rate of the experimental group was 11.32%, lower than that（32.08%）of the control group. The experimental group had fewer pathogen types（P < 0.05）. The adverse reaction rate of the experimental group was 5.66%, lower than that（20.75%）of the control group（P < 0.05）.

The combination of Qingjin Huatan Decoction and Qianjin Weijian Decoction has a good effect on the patients with bronchiectasis and infection, which can effectively reduce the clinical symptoms of patients, improve the lung function, reduce the inflammation and promote the rehabilitation of patients.

To study the curative effect of Sangma Xingbei Decoction combined with budesonide and ipratropium bromide on acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease（AECOPD）and its influence on lung function and inflammatory factors.

A hundred patients with AECOPD admitted to the hospital from February 2022 to January 2024 were randomly divided into 50 control groups and 50 treatment group. The control group was treated with budesonide and ipratropium bromide, while the treatment group was treated with Sangma Xingbei Decoction based on the control group. Both groups were treated for 2 weeks. The clinical efficacy, traditional Chinese medicine symptom scores（cough, expectoration, wheezing and shortness of breath）, lung function［forced vital capacity（FVC）, forced expiratory volume in the first second（FEV1）, FEV1/FVC］and inflammatory factors（tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-8 and interleukin-6）before and after treatment were compared between the two groups.

The total effective rate of the treatment group was higher than that of the control group（P < 0.05）. After 2 weeks of treatment, the scores of traditional Chinese medicine symptom scores and inflammatory factors in the two groups decreased, and the above indexes in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group, the levels of pulmonary function indexes in both groups increased, and the above indexes in the treatment group were higher than those in the control group（P < 0.05）.

Sangma Xingbei Decoction combined with budesonide and ipratropium bromide can improve the curative effect of patients with AECOPD, and has more advantages in improving lung function and reducing inflammatory reaction.

To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of Shenling Baizhu Powder（参苓白术散）combined with methalazine in the treatment of ulcerative colitis with spleen deficiency and dampness syndrome.

A total of 82 ulcerative colitis patients with spleen deficiency and dampness syndrome admitted from March 2021 to March 2024 were divided into groups by random number table method. According to different treatment methods, the patients were divided into the methalazine group treated solely with methalazine and the combined TCM group treated with Shenling Baizhu Powder combined with methalazine, with 41 cases in each group. The therapeutic effect, the symptom remission time（mucous, pus and blood stools, abdominal pain and diarrhea）, the changes of TCM syndrome scores such as mucous, pus and blood stools, loose stool diarrhea, abdominal distension, abdominal pain and fatigue before and after treatment, as well as the improved Mayo SCore（Mayo）and disease activity index（DAI）were observed in two groups. The changes in DAI scores, tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α）, interleukin-8（IL-8）and interleukin-17（IL-17）, and the quality of life of the two groups were assessed by inflammatory bowel disease quality of life questionnaire（IBDQ）, and the adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.

The total effective rate of the combined TCM group was significantly higher than that of the mesalazine group, and the symptom remission time（mucous, pus and blood stools, abdominal pain and diarrhea）was shorter than that of the mesalazine group（P < 0.05）. The TCM syndrome scores such as mucous, pus and blood stools, loose stool diarrhea, abdominal distension, abdominal pain and fatigue of the two groups before treatment were not significant（P > 0.05）. After treatment, the scores of TCM symptoms such as mucus, abscess, blood stool, loose stool diarrhea, abdominal distension, abdominal pain and fatigue, Mayo and DAI scores, the levels of TNF-α, IL-8 and IL-17, and IBDQ scores were improved in two groups. And these scores and levels in combined Chinese medicine group were better than those in mesalazine group（P < 0.05）. The adverse reaction rate of the combined TCM group was lower than that of the mesalazine group（P < 0.05）.

The combination of Shenling Baizhu Powder and methalazine in the treatment of ulcerative colitis with spleen deficiency and dampness has a good effect, and the clinical symptoms and quality of life of the patients have been significantly improved after treatment, which can better promote the recovery of the patients, and the treatment is safe and reliable.

To observe the clinical efficacy of Modified Huoluo Xiaoling Formula（活络效灵方加减）in the treatment of stasis-type rheumatoid arthritis（RA）.

The time period of case selection was from January 2022 to December 2023, and the study population consisted of 120 patients with stasis-type RA attending the Bozhou People＇s Hospital, which was divided into two groups by simple randomisation method. The control group was treated with methotrexate combined with leflunomide, while the observation group was treated on the basis of the control group with Modified Huoluo Xiaoling Formula, and the medication was administered for 12 consecutive weeks. The two groups were compared in terms of TCM symptom scores, erythrocyte sedimentation rate（ESR）, anti-cyclic peptide containing citrulline（CCP）, interleukin-6（IL-6）and rheumatoid factor（RF）. The differences in visual analogue scale（VAS）scores, Disease Activity Score using 28 joints（DAS28）scores were assessed between the two groups, and the overall clinical effective rate and incidence were analyzed.

There was no significant difference in TCM syndrome scores between the two groups before treatment（P > 0.05）. Compared with those before treatment, the scores of joint swelling, tenderness, morning stiffness, deformity, muscle tenderness, limited flexion and extension, pale complexion and dry skin were lower in both groups after 12 weeks of treatment. The observation group had lower scores than the control group after 12 weeks of treatment（P < 0.05）. There was no significant difference in ESR, anti-CCP antibodies, IL-6 or RF between the two groups before treatment（P > 0.05）. Compared with those before treatment, the levels of anti-CCP antibodies, IL-6, ESR and RF were lower in both groups after 12 weeks of treatment, with the observation group having lower levels than the control group（P < 0.05）. There was no significant difference in DAS28 scores or VAS scores between the two groups before treatment（P > 0.05）. Compared with those before treatment, the DAS28 scores and VAS scores were lower in both groups after 12 weeks of treatment, with the observation group having lower scores than the control group（P < 0.05）. The clinical effectiveness rate in the observation group was 93.33%, higher than 80.00% in the control group, with a significant difference（P < 0.05）.

The treatment of stasis-type RA with Modified Huoluo Xiaoling Formula can reduce the levels of ESR, anti-CCP antibody, IL-6 and RF, and improve the therapeutic efficacy.

To investigate the therapeutic effects and potential mechanisms of Mulianmei（Causonis japonica）on ulcerative colitis（UC）induced by dextran sulfate sodium（DSS）in mice.

C57BL/6J male mice were randomly divided into blank group, DSS group, DSS + Mulianmei（Causonis japonica）low-dose group（50 mg/kg）, DSS + Mulianmei（Causonis japonica）high-dose group（100 mg/kg）and DSS + sulfasalazine（SASP）group. Body weight and disease activity index（DAI）were recorded every day. The length of colon was measured. Hematoxylin-Eosin（H&E）staining was used to examine colon tissue structure. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA）was employed to measure the levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha（TNF-α）and interleukin -1beta（IL-1β）in colon tissues. The intestinal permeability of mice was detected by fluorescein isothiocyanate（FITC）. The autophagosomes in the colon tissues of the mice were detected by using transmission electron microscopy. The expression of microtubule-associated protein light chain 3（LC3）protein was detected by immunofluorescence staining. Western blot was used to detect the expressions of tight junction proteins and adenosine 5’-monophosphate-activated protein kinase（AMPK）/mammalian target of rapamycin（mTOR）signaling pathway related proteins in colon tissue of mice.

DSS group, DSS + Mulianmei（Causonis japonica）low-dose group（50 mg/kg）, DSS + Mulianmei（Causonis japonica）high-dose group（100 mg/kg）and DSS + sulfasalazine（SASP）group. Compared with those in the blank group, the body weight of mice in the DSS group was decreased（P < 0.01）, the DAI score was increased（P < 0.01）and the colon tissue showed severe pathological damage. The expression levels of tight junction proteins ZO-1（P < 0.05）and Occludin（P < 0.01）were reduced in the colon tissue and the expression levels of TNF-α and IL-1β in serum were significantly increased（P < 0.01）. The protein expression levels of LC3 and p-AMPK/AMPK were decreased（P < 0.01）and mTOR/mTOR protein was increased（P < 0.01）at the same time. Compared with those in the DSS group, the body weights of the mice in the DSS + Mulianmei（Causonis japonica）low-dose and high-dose groups were increased（P < 0.01）, the DAI scores were decreased（P < 0.01）, and the colon tissue damage was alleviated. The levels of TNF-α（P < 0.01）and IL-1β（P < 0.05）in serum were significantly decreased. The number of autolysosomes increased and the autophagosomes were clearly visible. The protein levels of LC3 and p-AMPK/AMPK were increased（P < 0.01）, and the expression of p-mTOR/mTOR was decreased（P < 0.01）. Compared with those in the DSS + Mulianmei（Causonis japonica）low-dose and high-dose groups, after the intervention of Mulianmei（Causonis japonica）and AMPK selective inhibitor, the colon of UC mice was shortened, the DAI score was increased, the protein levels of p-AMPK/AMPK were decreased（P < 0.01）, and the protein levels of p-mTOR/mTOR protein were increased（P < 0.01）.

Mulianmei（Causonis japonica）enhances autophagy by activating AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway to alleviate the symptoms of UC in mice.

To observe the effect of Tibetan medicine Qishiwei Zhenzhu Pill（七十味珍珠丸）on the improvement of nerve and limb function in patients with stroke recovery.

From March 2023 to February 2024, 92 patients with convalescent stroke were selected as the research subjects. According to the random principle and the ratio of 1：1, they were divided into two groups. The control group（46 patients）in were treated with conventional western medicine, and the observation group（46 patients）were treated with Qishiwei Zhenzhu Pill on the basis of the control group for 8 weeks. The total effective rate, improvement of nerve and limb function, cerebral blood perfusion index and incidence of adverse drug reactions were compared between the two groups.

The total effective rate of the observation group was 95.65%, which was significantly higher than that of the control group（82.61%）（P < 0.05）. 8 weeks after treatment, the National Institute of Health stroke scale（NIHSS）score of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant（P < 0.05）. 8 weeks after treatment, the upper limb, lower limb score and Fugl-Meyer motor function assessment（FMA）total score of the observation group were significantly increased, and the scores of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group（P < 0.05）. There was no significant difference in cerebral blood flow perfusion indexes between the two groups before treatment（P > 0.05）. 8 weeks after treatment, the peak systolic velocity（PSV）and mean velocity（TMV）of the two groups increased, and the resistance index（RI）decreased, and these indexes of the observation group were better than those of the control group（P < 0.05）.

Tibetan medicine Qishiwei Zhenzhu Pill has a positive therapeutic effect on patients with stroke recovery, and can improve the cerebral blood flow perfusion, the nerve and limb function of patients, and has good safety, which is worthy of application.

To evaluate the clinical efficacy of Tongxinluo Capsule（通心络胶囊）combined with atorvastatin calcium in the treatment of patients with angina pectoris of coronary heart disease with Qi deficiency and blood stasis.

A total of 302 patients with angina pectoris of coronary heart disease with Qi deficiency and blood stasis were selected and randomly divided into an observation group（152 cases）and a control group（150 cases）. The control group was treated with atorvastatin calcium tablets and the observation group was treated with Tongxinluo Capsule on the basis of the control group. Both groups were treated for 4 weeks. The clinical efficacy, the TCM symptom scores and angina attacks before and after treatment, cardiac enzyme parameters［creatine kinase-MB（CK-MB）, creatine kinase（CK）, lactate dehydrogenase（LDH）］, platelet aggregation rate, plasma viscosity, four hemorheological parameters of whole blood low shear and whole blood shear, interleukin-6（IL-6）, interleukin -18（IL-18）, C-reactive protein（CRP）, tumour necrosis factor-α（TNF-α）as well as adverse reactions that occurred during the study were observed.

After four weeks of treatment, the total effective rate of the observation group was 96.05%（146/152）, which was significantly higher than that of the control group（P < 0.05）. The symptom scores of the observation group were significantly reduced（P < 0.05）, the frequency, duration and dosage of angina pectoris were significantly reduced（P < 0.05）, the levels of CK-MB, CK and LDH were significantly reduced（P < 0.05）, the platelet aggregation rate, plasma viscosity, whole blood low shear and whole blood high shear parameters were also significantly reduced（P < 0.05）, the levels of IL-6, IL-18, CRP and TNF-α were also significantly reduced（P < 0.05）, and the improvement in the observation group was more obvious than that in the control group（P < 0.05）. In addition, both groups showed good safety during the research process.

Tongxinluo Capsule combined with atorvastatin calcium has a good clinical efficacy in the treatment of angina pectoris of coronary heart disease with Qi deficiency and blood stasis, can significantly improve the clinical symptoms and myocardial function, reduce the blood viscosity, weaken the body＇s inflammatory response, and has good safety.

To observe the clinical effect of Qili Qianxin Capsule（芪苈强心胶囊）combined with valsartan on senile patients with degenerative heart valvular disease complicated with heart failure.

A total of 168 elderly patients with degenerative heart disease combined with heart failure admitted from July 2022 to March 2024 were divided into groups by random number table method. All patients received conventional treatment, 84 patients in the valsartan group received valsartan capsule simultaneously, and 84 patients in the combination treatment group received Qili Qianxin Capsule combined with valsartan simultaneously. The data of two groups was observed：treatment efficacy, treatment adverse reactions, the cardiac ultrasound indicators before and after treatment, the changes in 6-minute walk test（6MWT）indicators, the levels of N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide（NT-proBNP）, tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α）, homocysteine（HCY）and transforming growth factor-β1（TGF-β1）and Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire（MLHFQ）scores.

The total effective rate of the combination treatment group and valsartan group was 96.43%（81/84）and 86.90%（73/84）, respectively, and the former was higher（P < 0.05）. The rate of adverse reactions was lower in the combination group and valsartan group（P > 0.05）. Left ventricular end diastolic dimension（LVEDD）and Left ventricular end systolic diameter（LVESD）, left ventricular ejection fractions（LVEF）and other echocardiographic indexes, 6MWT, the levels of NT-proBNP, TNF-α, HCY and TGF-β1 and MLHFQ scores before treatment in two groups were not significant（P > 0.05）. After treatment, the cardiac ultrasound indexes（LVEDD, LVESD, LVEF）, 6MWT, the levels of NT-proBNP, TNF-α, HCY and TGF-β1, MLHFQ scores and so on were improved in both groups. And these indexes in the combination treatment group were better than those in the valsartan group（P < 0.05）.

The combined treatment of Qili Qianxin Capsule and valsartan has good clinical effect in the elderly patients with degenerative heart valvular disease complicated with heart failure. This treatment regimen can improve the symptoms, cardiac function, tolerance and quality of life of patients, and has few adverse reactions, which is worthy of application.

To study the effect of Longsha opening and closing pivot needle method combined with letrozole（LE）and human chorionic gonadotropin（HCG）on infertility in polycystic ovary syndrome（PCOS）.

From June 2021 to October 2022, 84 patients with PCOS admitted to Wuxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine were divided into the control group（42 cases）and the acupuncture group（42 cases）by random number table method. The control group was treated with LE and HCG, and the acupuncture group was treated with Longsha opening and closing pivot needle method for 6 menstrual cycles. Endometrial indexes, sex hormones and metabolic indexes before and after 6 menstrual cycles of treatment, therapeutic effect after 6 menstrual cycles, adverse reactions and pregnancy during treatment were compared between the two groups.

Compared with those before treatment and after 6 menstrual cycles, the levels of endometrial thickness（ET）and the proportion of endometrial type A and the level of serum estradiol（E2）increased in both groups, and the overall ratio was higher in the acupuncture group（P < 0.05）. Compared with those before treatment and after 6 menstrual cycles, the pulsing index（PI）and resistance index（RI）, the levels of testosterone（T）, luteinizing hormone（LH）, follicle stimulating hormone（FSH）, fasting blood glucose（FPG）, insulin（INS）, insulin resistance index（HOMA-IR）, triglyceride（TG）and total cholesterol（TC）of the two groups decreased, and were lower than those of the acupuncture group（P < 0.05）. After 6 menstrual cycles, the clinical effect of the acupuncture group was better than that of the control group（P < 0.05）. During the treatment period, no significant adverse reactions occurred in the two groups, and the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups was 14.29%（6/42）vs 9.52%（4/42）, with no statistical significance（P > 0.05）. The incidence of biochemical pregnancy rate and clinical pregnancy rate were higher in the acupuncture group（P < 0.05）.

Longsha opening and closing pivot needle method combined with LE and HCG in the treatment of PCOS infertility could improve the endometrial indexes, regulate the sex hormones and metabolic indexes, and finally improve the pregnancy, with accurate efficacy and good safety.

To explore the clinical effect of Modified Shuqi Dingtong Decoction（疏气定痛汤）according to syndrome differentiation combined with sensitive antibiotics in treating chronic pelvic inflammatory disease and its influence on inflammatory factors.

A total of 108 patients with chronic pelvic inflammation admitted to the hospital from December 2020 to December 2023 were selected as the study object and were divided into observation group and control group. The control group were treated with sensitive antibiotics, and the observation group took Shuqi Dingtong Decoction according to syndrome differentiation on the basis of the control group. The clinical efficacy of the treatment, inflammatory factor indicators（interleukin-6, hypersensitive C-reactive protein）, TCM syndrome integration and adverse reactions of the two groups were observed and compared.

There was no significant difference between the two groups before treatment（P > 0.05）. Both groups obtained certain clinical therapeutic effect. The clinical response rate of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group（P < 0.05）. After treatment, The serum levels of interleukin-6 and hypersensitive C-reactive protein in two groups were decreased compared with those before treatment. Moreover, the levels in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group（P < 0.05）. After treatment, the symptom and sign scores of both groups decreased compared to those before treatment, and the scores of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group（all P < 0.05）.

The clinical effect of sensitive antibiotics combined with Modified Shuqi Dingtong Decoction according to syndrome differentiation is significant. It can improve the levels of inflammatory factors in patients, with relatively mild and controllable side effects and has certain clinical value.

To study the curative effect of Zengye Decoction（增液汤）on functional constipation in children with dyspepsia and food accumulation transforming into heat type and its effect on serum gastrin（GAS）, motilin（MLT）and gastrointestinal hormone substance P（SP）.

From November 2023 to May 2024, 98 children with functional constipation of food accumulation and heat type treated in the hospital were selected and divided into two groups according to the random number table method, with 49 children in each group. The control group was treated with lactulose oral liquid and bacillus subtilis and enterococcus faecium granules. The observation group was treated with Zengye Decoction. Two weeks was a course of treatment. The curative effect, TCM syndrome scores, disappearance time of TCM syndrome, changes of serum GAS, MLT and SP and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.

The clinical cure rate of the observation group was 69.39%, which was significantly higher than that of the control group（46.94%）（P < 0.05）. After treatment, the scores of defecation interval, dry stool, difficult defecation and fecal incontinence in the two groups were significantly decreased, the scores of the defecation interval, dry stool and difficult defecation in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group（P < 0.05）. The time of defecation interval prolongation, dry stool, difficult defecation and disappearance of fecal incontinence in the observation group were significantly shorter than those in the control group（P < 0.05）. After treatment, the levels of serum GAS and SP in the two groups were significantly increased, and the level of MLT in the observation group was also significantly increased, but there was no significant change in the level of MLT in the control group, After treatment, the levels of serum GAS, MLT and SP in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group（P < 0.05）. The incidence of adverse reactions was 6.12% in the observation group and 10.20% in the control group. There was no significant difference between the two groups（P > 0.05）.

The curative effect of Zengye Decoction in the treatment of functional constipation in children with food accumulation transforming into heat type is satisfactory. It can improve the clinical cure rate and relieve the symptoms, and promote the rehabilitation of children by effectively regulating their gastrointestinal hormone levels, so it has safe and reliable application value.