To explore whether there is any causal association between ketone bodies and cognitive performance employing the bidirectional and two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) method.

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from the genome-wide association studies summary data from Europe were used as instrumental variables. The inverse-variance weighted method was used as the primary method to estimate the causal effect of ketone bodies instrumental variables with cognitive performance, and pathway and functional enrichment analyses were performed to predict potential mechanisms. Significance was ascertained with the use of Bonferroni-corrected significance thresholds (P=0.017).

Two-sample MR analysis showed that acetoacetate (β=0.075, 95% CI: 0.002-0.148, P=0.045) and β-hydroxybutyrate (β=0.082, 95% CI: 0.039-0.126, P=2.36×10^-4) were causally associated with cognitive performance. However, the association of acetoacetate was no longer significant after Bonferroni-corrected. In addition, no link between acetone (β=0.041, 95% CI: -0.018-0.099, P=0.175) and cognitive performance was discovered. Pathway and functional enrichment analyses suggest that the mechanism of β-hydroxybutyrate effect on cognitive performance may be through a variety of ways, such as cholesterol metabolism and insulin resistance. In reverse MR Analysis, we found no causal effects of cognitive performance on ketone bodies.

Our findings support a causal relationship between β-hydroxybutyrate levels and better cognitive performance.

To explore the effect of serum lipid levels on the risk of developing cognitive decline in middle-aged and older adults.

Data were obtained from the China Retirement and Follow-up Survey Cohort(CHARLS) cohort from 2011-2018, and middle-aged and older adults aged ≥45 years were selected for cognitive assessment of middle-aged and older adults who were followed up in 2018 by using the Chinese version of the Brief Mental Scale(MMSE), and multifactorial logistic regression was utilized to analyze middle-aged and older adult populations for serum total cholesterol(TC), triglycerides(TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL) and lipid composite index(LCI) in relation to cognitive function.

A total of 6 556 participants with a mean age of 57.03 ± 8.03 years were included. After adjusting for multiple confounders, compared with the lowest quartile group(Q1), highest quartile group(Q4) of TG(OR=1.229, 95% CI:1.036-1.456), LDL(OR=1.221, 95% CI:1.034-1.443), and LCI(OR=1.282, 95% CI:1.081-1.522) were positively associated with the cognitive decline. The risk of developing cognitive decline was positively associated with the risk of cognitive decline, HDL(OR=0.765, 95% CI:0.646-0.906) was negatively associated with the risk of cognitive decline, and TC(OR=1.010, 95% CI:0.855-1.193) was not associated with the risk of cognitive dysfunction, and the difference was not statistically significant.

TG, LDL and LCI are risk factors for the risk of cognitive decline in middle-aged and elderly people, and HDL are protective factors for the risk of cognitive decline in middle-aged and elderly people.

To investigate the death trend of HIV/AIDS patients in Shandong Province from 2013 to 2022, andto explore the related influencing factors.

A total of 25 181 HIV/AIDS patients living in Shandong Province from 2013 to 2022 were selected as the study objects, demographic characteristics, antiretroviral therapy and causes of death were collected. Study objects were divided into three groups: survival, AIDS-related death and non-AIDS-related death. Kruskal-Wallis test and χ² test were conducted for inter group comparison, Joinpoint regression model was used to analyze the trend change of mortality, and unordered multicategorical logistic regression was used to analyze HIV/AIDS death and its influencing factors.

From 2013 to 2022, a total of 1 187 HIV/AIDS patients deaths were reported in Shandong Province, among which AIDS-related deaths accounted for 34.63% and non-AIDS-related deaths accounted for 65.37%. The mortality rates showed a decreasing trend (APC was -13.58, -20.29, and -9.67, respectively, all P<0.05). Unordered multicategorical logistic regression analysis showed that the time from diagnosis to ART initiation greater than 30 days, WHO clinical stage Ⅱ, Ⅲ, and Ⅳ were the risk factors for AIDS-related death of HIV/AIDS patients, and the OR (95% CI) values were 1.74(1.41-2.16), 1.93(1.38-2.70), 2.61(1.87-3.63) and 4.81(3.71-6.23); the time from diagnosis to ART initiation greater than 30 days, male, farmer and heterosexual transmission were the risk factors for non-AIDS-related death of HIV/AIDS patients, with OR (95% CI) values of 2.10(1.79-2.46), 1.75(1.38-2.20), 1.60(1.28-2.01), and 1.75(1.48-2.08).

From 2013 to 2022, the case fatality rate of HIV/AIDS patients in Shandong Province has shown a downward trend after the start of ART, the age of death increased, and the case fatality rate of non-AIDS-related deaths is generally higher than that of AIDS-related deaths. There are differences in the influencing factors for AIDS-related and non-AIDS-related deaths, and targeted interventions should be developed.

To analyse the epidemiological characteristics and spatial-temporal distribution features of viral hepatitis in China from 2009 to 2019, explore the dynamic distribution of its spatial-temporal aggregation, and provide scientific basis for optimizing the prevention and control strategies of viral hepatitis.

Case data on viral hepatitis from 2009 to 2019 were extracted from the Public Health Data Centre, and spatiotemporal epidemiological analysis of surveillance data on viral hepatitis in China from 2009 to 2019 was performed using descriptive epidemiology and spatial autocorrelation analysis methods.

From 2009 to 2019, a cumulative total of 13 915 842 cases of viral hepatitis were reported nationwide, with an average annual incidence rate of 93.08/10⁵, showing an overall decreasing trend. Spring (March—May) was the peak of the incidence of hepatitis C and hepatitis B. The incidence curve of hepatitis E over the years showed a single-peak pattern, and the incidence of hepatitis A had no obvious seasonal pattern. The high incidence of hepatitis C, hepatitis B and hepatitis E was concentrated in the age group of 30-70 years old, and the high incidence of hepatitis A changed from the age group of 2-10 years old to the age group of 65 years old and above. Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (XUAR), Qinghai Province and Gansu Province in the western region were the high prevalence areas of hepatitis C, B and A, while the high prevalence areas of hepatitis E were mainly concentrated in the eastern region. The results of global spatial autocorrelation showed that the incidence of hepatitis C (except for 2009 and 2019) and hepatitis A showed a positive spatial correlation (Moran I value of 0.13-0.66, P<0.05), and the incidence of hepatitis B and hepatitis E mainly showed a random distribution (Moran I value of 0.01-0.31, P>0.05).

From 2009 to 2019, viral hepatitis incidence in China has obvious spatial and temporal aggregation. In the future, different provinces should tailor their interventions to the spatio-temporal epidemiological characteristics of viral hepatitis and develop scientific prevention and control measures.

To investigate the causal relationship and mechanisms between obesity and bone mineral density using Mendelian randomization (MR).

Using genome-wide association study (GWAS) datasets of body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage, and total body bone mineral density, univariate two-sample MR analysis was conducted to explore the causal relationship between obesity and bone mineral density. A multivariate MR method was also employed to adjust for variables such as lean mass and body weight to investigate the underlying mechanisms.

Univariate MR analysis showed a significant protective effect of BMI on total body bone mineral density (β=0.06, 95% CI:0.03-0.09) with consistent results across sex-specific studies, while no significant causal effect was found between body fat percentage and total body bone mineral density (β=-0.01, P=0.13). After adjusting for lean mass (β=0.04, P=0.06) and weight (β=0.03, P=0.48) using multivariate MR, the protective effect of BMI on total body bone mineral density disappeared. In contrast, a significant negative causal effect was observed between body fat percentage and total body bone mineral density after adjusting for lean mass (β=-0.02, 95% CI:-0.03-0.00) and weight (β=-0.05, 95% CI:-0.07--0.02).

Obesity primarily exerts a protective effect on bone mineral density through mechanically-related indicators such as weight and lean mass, while body fat itself has a detrimental effect on bone mineral density.

To investigate the association between obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in the occupational population, and the mediating role played by hyperuricemia in the association, to provide reference for the prevention and intervention strategies of NAFLD in the occupational population.

Multistage cluster sampling was used to survey occupational population in Chongqing Municipality, Sichuan Province, and Guizhou Province to obtain social and demographic indicators, lifestyle and health status indicators, and to collect physical examination indicators from the survey respondents. The correlation between obesity and NAFLD was analyzed by Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient and multivariable adjusted Logistic regression. The mediating effect of hyperuricemia in the association between obesity and NAFLD was explored by mediating effect model.

A total of 15 029 study participants who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled, including 1 190 patients with NAFLD. The results of Logistic regression showed that, after adjusting for covariates such as age and gender, obesity increased the risk of NAFLD (OR=3.37, 95% CI: 2.78 to 4.09) and was associated with higher risk of NAFLD in those aged <45 years (OR=3.93, 95% CI: 3.12 to 4.94) and female subgroups (OR=3.65, 95% CI: 1.98 to 6.71) had greater effect values for the effect of obesity on NAFLD. The mediation analysis found that hyperuricemia mediated 11.72% of the effect between obesity and NAFLD, and in the subgroup analysis, the mediation effect of hyperuricemia was higher in the female subgroups (23.81%).

Obesity is strongly associated with the incident of NAFLD, with a greater effect in younger and female groups, and affects NAFLD through hyperuricemia. Strengthening the preventive education of obesity and hyperuricemia and advocating a healthy lifestyle may be effective in reducing NAFLD caused by obesity and hyperuricemia.

To study the causal relationship between tea intake and the incidence of colorectal cancer using two-sample Mendelian randomization.

Using the colorectal cancer genome-wide association analysis data (GWAS ID: ieu-b-4965) and tea intake genome-wide association analysis data (GWAS ID: ukb-b-6066) in the IEU OPEN GWAS public database, we summarized and screened the two data sets for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) which were closely related to and independent of tea intake as instrumental variables (IVs). By using MR-Egger and inverse variance weighting in two-sample Mendelian randomization, Five methods (IVW), weighted median method (Weighted Median), simple model (Simple Mode) and weighted model (Weighted Mode) were used to determine the causal analysis between tea intake and the incidence of colorectal cancer. OR and 95% CI were used to examine the causal relationship between tea intake and the incidence of colorectal cancer. MR-PRESSO was used for outlier testing. IVW (Cochran Q test) and MR-Egger (Rücker Q test) were used for heterogeneity analysis. Egger-intercept was used for pleiotropy test, sensitivity analysis was performed by leave-one-out method, and funnel plot was used to analyze the presence of potential bias.

39 SNPs were finally included, and MR-PRESSO found no outlier SNPs, P=0.237>0.05; in terms of causality determination: IVW (OR=0.996, 95% CI:0.990-1.002, P=0.293), MR-Egger (OR=0.992, 95% CI:0.977-1.007, P=0.293), Weighted Median (OR=0.997, 95% CI: 0.987-1.007, P=0.479), Simple Mode (OR=0.996, 95% CI: 0.976-1.017, P=0.724), Weighted Mode (OR=0.996, 95% CI: 0.985-1.007, P=0.473). The above results showed that there was no causal relationship between tea intake and the incidence of colorectal cancer. In the heterogeneity test, P=0.181>0.05 in Cochran Q test and P=0.167>0.05 in Rucker Q test. There was no significant heterogeneity. The Egger-intercept test showed that P=0.489>0.05 and was not pleiotropic. The leave-one-out method was removed one by one, and no SNPs significantly affecting the results were found. The funnel plot was basically symmetrical, indicating that the main results were reliable.

There is no causal relationship between tea intake and the incidence of colorectal cancer.

To understand the relationship between dietary vitamins A, vitamin C and vitamin E and glioma in Chinese population.

Based on the case-control study of 1:1 individual matched, a questionnaire survey was carried out on 343 patients with glioma and 343 healthy controls. The intake of three dietary vitamins was evaluated through the food frequency questionnaire, and the intake of dietary vitamins and gloima was analyzed by logistic regression, and explored the dose-response relationship between the two.

Compared with the lowest quantile, the highest quantile of dietary vitamin A intake was associated with a decrease in overall glioma risk (OR=0.10, 95% CI: 0.04-0.30), astrocytoma risk (OR=0.71, 95% CI: 0.59-0.86), glioblastoma risk (OR=0.86, 95% CI: 0.78-0.96), low-grade glioma risk (OR=0.65, 95% CI: 0.47-0.91), and high-grade glioma risk(OR=0.87, 95% CI: 0.80-0.94).The highest quantile of dietary vitamin C intake was associated with a decrease in overall glioma risk (OR=0.02, 95% CI: 0.01-0.08), astrocytoma risk (OR=0.69, 95% CI: 0.54-0.87), glioblastoma risk (OR=0.82, 95% CI: 0.74-0.91), low-grade glioma risk (OR=0.75, 95% CI: 0.62-0.91) and high-grade glioma risk (OR=0.79,95% CI: 0.72-0.86). However, dietary vitamin E intake was only associated with an increased risk of astrocytoma (OR=2.99, 95% CI: 1.23-7.30).There was a significant linear dose-reaction relationship between the two, but the results of vitamin E were inconsistent and should be treated with caution.

High intake of dietary vitamin A and vitamin C may be associated with a reduced risk of glioma, but the impact of vitamin E on different clinical subtypes of glioma is not consistent. In the future, prospective studies should be conducted to further verify the association between these dietary vitamins and glioma.

To evaluate the intervention effect of nutritional intervention measures on the supply of various foods, energy, and nutrients for lunch among students in Wenzhou, as well as the rate of leftover food.

From 2021 to 2022, a middle school was randomly selected from 13districts in Wenzhou City. Before and after the intervention, the school was surveyed for a continuous week using weighing and accounting methods to investigate the supply of various types of food in the cafeteria and the daily number of diners. Leftovers were classified and weighed. Intervention measures include nutritional meal support and nutritional health education. The results were evaluated based on the "Student Dietary Nutrition Guidelines" and the "Reference Intakes of Dietary Nutrients for Chinese Residents (2013 Edition)".

After the intervention, the food supply in the cafeteria of junior high schools in Wenzhou reached 80.00% of the recommended amount, including grains, potatoes, fish, and shrimp. The food supply below 80.00% of the recommended amount was vegetables, fruits, eggs, and milk. The food supply above 120.00% of the recommended amount was poultry and animal meat, vegetable oil, and salt. The supply of fruits, fish, and shrimp was significantly improved (t=2.342, P=0.029; t=-1.914, P=0.070). In terms of nutrient supply, nutrients that reach 60.00% of the recommended amount include energy, calcium, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, and carbohydrate energy supply ratio. Nutrients that are lower than 60% of the recommended amount include vitamin A, dietary fiber, protein, zinc, iron, vitamin C, and fat energy supply ratio. Among them, zinc, vitamin A, vitamin C supply and fat energy supply ratio have been significantly improved (t=2.280, P=0.0340; t=-3.261, P=0.004; U=-2.638, P=0.008; t=-2.173, P=0.041). The rate of leftover staple and vegetarian dishes decreased significantly (χ²=4.828, P=0.028; χ²=15.813, P<0.001).

Based on schools, adopting nutritional meal support and implementing nutritional health education interventions can to some extent improve the supply of lunch food, energy, and nutrients in school canteens, and reduce the rate of leftover food and vegetables among students.

To understand the relationship between cognitive impairment in old people and the mental status of their childhood caregivers, and to provide new ideas for screening and prevention of key population with cognitive impairment.

Samples aged 60 and above in the China Health and Elderly Care Longitudinal Survey Database in 2014 and 2018 were selected as research subjects (n=6 991), and the cognitive status of old people in China was evaluated by using the simple mental status examination scale. χ²test was used for single factor analysis, and binary logistic model was used for stepwise regression analysis.

The detection rate of cognitive impairment in old people aged 60 and above in China was 16.08%. Older adults with poorer mental health among caregivers during childhood (OR=1.03, P<0.05) were more likely to suffer from cognitive impairment. In addition, old people who are male, married, non rural household registration, having social activity and having mild physical activity were less likely to have cognitive impairment. Old people with middle age, advanced age, smoking, and mild disability were more likely to suffer from cognitive impairment.

There is a significant relationship between cognitive impairment in old people and the mental state of their childhood caregivers. We should increase the screening and prevention of cognitive function among old people who have been exposed to adverse mental conditions of their caregivers during childhood.

To explore the current situation and trend of growth, development and nutrition of children aged 3-6 in Zhejiang Province, To provide reference for improving growth and development level.

Under the unified organization of the National Physical Fitness Monitoring Center, the research group measured the body shape data of children aged 3 to 6 years in Zhejiang Province, and compared and analyzed the body shape data of children aged 3 to 6 years in Zhejiang Province based on 2014 and 2020.

In terms of growth and development, the children aged 3-6 years in Zhejiang Province were in good condition in 2020, and all indicators of boys were higher than those of girls (P<0.05), with a small urban-rural difference. Compared with 2014, height (F_man=4.08, P<0.05; F_women=210.82, P<0.01), weight (F_man=18.33, P<0.01; F_women=10.26, P<0.01) and BMI (F_man=25.41, P<0.01; F_women=6.19, P<0.05) increased in 2020 (P<0.05). In terms of nutritional status, the prevalence rates of overweight and obesity were 13.0% and 8.4% among children aged 3-6 years in Zhejiang province in 2020, and the prevalence rates of overweight and obesity in boys were higher than those in girls (P<0.05). The rates of overweight and obesity in rural boys were 1.6% and 2.6% higher than those in urban children, and the rates in rural girls were 2.4% and 1.2% higher than those in urban children. From 2014 to 2020, the overall prevalence rates of overweight and obesity in young children showed an upward trend. The overweight and obesity rates in boys increased by 3.1% and 2.0%, respectively (P< 0.05), and girls increased by 0.9% and 0.4%, respectively.

In Zhejiang Province, children’s growth and development level increase steadily, but the risk of overweight and obesity is on the rise, especially in rural areas. Effective measures should be taken to curb the growing trend of overweight and obesity.

To provide basis for health-related physical curriculum reform and health education in primary and secondary schools.

In September 2018, a total of 23 191 students from grades 1 to 12 in Chengdu were selected for a physical fitness test using a stratified random cluster sampling method. Additionally, 1 024 middle school students from grades 7, 8, 10, and 11 were randomly selected for a lifestyle questionnaire survey. Rank correlation analysis was employed to compare the differences in physical fitness among students with different BMI levels, and linear correlation analysis was used to examine the associations between physical fitness and lifestyle factors such as diet, exercise, and sleep.

The respondents’ sit-and-reach test scores (r_s=0.042, P=0.009), grip strength (r_s=0.499, P<0.001) increased with BMI level, while the vital capacity body mass index decreased with BMI level (r_s=-0.242, P<0.001). With increasing BMI levels, the physical comprehensive scores of the respondents tended to increase at first and then decrease. Using BMI as the independent variable and physical comprehensive score as the dependent variable, a total of eight regression equations were derived. As follows: Grades 3-4: male students: y=-0.016X²+0.423X-2.532, female students: y=-0.005X²+0.123X-0.588; Grades 5-6: male students: y=-0.027X²+0.841X-6.214, female students: y=-0.012X²+0.314X-1.741; Grades 7-9: male students: y=-0.038X²+1.521X-14.666, female students: y=-0.008X²+0.163X-0.132; Grades 10-12: male students: y=-0.035X²+1.428X-14.233, female students: y=0.007X²-0.390X+5.160. The pass rates of the surveyed subjects in the standing long jump (r=0.567, P<0.001) and visual acuity (r=0.425, P<0.001) were positively correlated with exercise. The vital capacity body mass index pass rate for male students(r=0.504, P=0.028) was positively correlated with exercise. The BMI pass rate for female students was positively correlated with both diet (r=0.688, P=0.017) and exercise (r=0.497, P=0.012).

Middle school students’ vital capacity body mass index, standing long jump, and visual acuity status were related to exercise. Female students’ BMI was related to diet. The physical fitness, BMI, and lifestyle of primary and middle school students are mutual influence, mutual cause and effect.

To understand the utilization of basic public health services and the influencing factors of the young female floating population in the Pearl River Delta (PRD), to provide reference suggestions to enhance the utilization of basic public health services by the young female floating population, and to help shape the Healthy Bay Area and the construction of Healthy China.

Utilization of basic public health services by young female mobile population in the Pearl River Delta and its influencing factors were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square test, and binary logistic regression using the 2018 National Mobile Population Dynamics Monitoring data.

Of the 2 970 young female migrants who had flowed into the PRD for 6 months or more, 407 (13.7%) had signed up for a family doctor in the local community, 886 (29.8%) had established a resident health record, and 2 479 (83.3%) had received ≥1 type of health education, which was mainly in the form of publicity materials and bulletin boards. Factors affecting the contracting status of local family doctors included whether or not they participated in urban residents’ medical insurance (OR=0.626, 95% CI: 0.425-0.921) and whether or not they planned to have children in the next two years (OR=0.806, 95% CI: 0.668-0.972); factors affecting the establishment of health records of the young female migrants included whether or not they participated in urban residents’ medical insurance (OR=0.806, 95% CI: 0.668-0.972). Medical insurance (OR=0.626, 95% CI: 0.425-0.921) and whether they intend to give birth in the next two years (OR=0.813, 95% CI: 0.675-0.981); factors affecting the acceptance of health education by young female migrants included marital status (OR=4.644, 95% CI: 2.265-9.523), weekly working time (OR=1.384, 95% CI: 1.206-1.589).

The young female migrant population in the PRD underutilizes basic public health services, with the highest rate of having received ≥1 type of health education, followed by the rate of establishing a health record, and lowest rate of signing up for a family doctor. The rates of family doctor contracting and file establishment are higher among young female migrants who have no intention of having children or who do not participate in urban residents’ health insurance, whereas the rates of health education acceptance are higher among young female migrants who are first married or whose weekly working hours are less than 40h, and lower among those who are widowed or whose weekly working hours are more than 70h. The rate of acceptance is also higher among those who have not participated in the urban residents’ health insurance program.

To study the single-disease settlement cost and its influencing factors for age-related cataract surgery patients under the centralized volume-based procurement policy of intraocular lens, and to provide theoretical suggestions and data support for optimizing the cost structure, controlling the growth of medical costs, and improving the quota payment policy of intraocular lens materials.

The medical records and single-disease payment information of 215 age-related cataract patients admitted to the Department of Ophthalmology of a provincial tertiary public general hospital in Guangzhou from June 1, 2021 to April 30, 2022 were collected. Descriptive analysis, new grey correlation analysis and multiple linear regression model were used to analyze the composition and influencing factors of single-disease settlement expenses and the burden of intraocular lens materials.

The treatment cost, intraocular lens cost and diagnosis cost were the main types of hospitalization expenses for age-related cataract surgery patients (accounting for 52.12%, 19.79% and 13.56% respectively, accounting for 85.47% in total). At the same time, it was also the main type of expense affecting the average hospitalization expense per time (the correlation coefficients were 1.000, 0.751, 0.717). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the length of hospital stay, anesthesia type (local anesthesia as the reference, general anesthesia β=3 513.340) and intraocular lens type (soft spherical three-piece monofocal non-astigmatism type as the reference, soft aspheric one-piece monofocal astigmatism type β=2 590.090; soft aspheric one-piece continuous visual field non-astigmatism type β=10 496.020, soft aspheric one-piece trifocal non-astigmatism type β=21 889.810) were the influencing factors of hospitalization expenses (P<0.001). Under the medical insurance limit payment of intraocular lens material fee, the proportion of the highest burden of patients is low when the selected intraocular lens unit price is less than the maximum limit standard (1 800 yuan), and the proportion of the highest burden of patients increases with the increase of the price of intraocular lens when the selected intraocular lens unit price is more than the maximum limit standard (1 800 yuan).

The structure of hospitalization expenses for age-related cataract surgery becomes more reasonable under the centralized volume-based procurement policy of intraocular lens, and the labor value of medical staff is realized. However, more attention should be paid to the changes of intraocular lens costs and diagnostic fees in the future. Shortening the length of hospital stay, reasonable selection of anesthesia methods, reasonable selection of different types of intraocular lens and reducing the price of intraocular lens can effectively reduce the hospitalization cost of age-related cataract surgery patients. Appropriately raising the fee limit of intraocular lens materials according to the affordability of local medical insurance fund is helpful to reduce the cost burden of surgical patients.

To understand the quality of life of the elderly in Dongguan during the COVID-19 period, to explore the influence path of social support and social support behavior on the quality of life of the elderly, and to provide a reference basis for social support to improve the quality of life of the elderly.

From September to December 2020, face-to-face interview-type questionnaires were administered to older adults in six communities in Dongguan City using whole-cluster random sampling, and the Social Support Assessment Scale (SSA), Social Support Behaviour Scale (SS-B), and the Brief Health Questionnaire (SF-36) were used to assess older adults’ social support, social support behaviours, and quality of life. The t-test and one-way ANOVA were used for statistical analysis of variance, and Spearman’s correlation analysis and Model 1 in the PROCESS 4.0 macro program were used for path analysis.

A total of 1 130 valid questionnaires (94.17%) were collected, with a mean age (78.85±9.04) years, 72.2% female and 27.8% male. Social support (r=0.16, P<0.01) and social support behaviors (r=0.14, P<0.01) were positively correlated with quality of life, while social support (r=0.11, P<0.01) and social support behaviors (r=0.14, P<0.01) were positively correlated with mental health. Social support behaviors had a positive predictive effect on quality of life (β=0.069, P<0.01) and mental health (β=0.119, P<0.01). The relationship between social support behavior and quality of life (β=-0.004, P<0.001) and mental health (β=-0.005, P<0.001), the boundary values of the regulatory effect were 10.270 and 7.145, respectively, and the regulatory effect below the critical value was significant.

Improving social support in the elderly can help improve the quality of life of the elderly, especially the elderly population with a low level of social support behavior.

To analyze the multiple mediating effects of anxiety and depression symptoms between physical activity and cognitive function, and to provide evidence for slowing down the decline of cognitive function in the elderly.

A total of 9 323 elderly people aged 65 and above were selected from the 2018 China Aging Health Factors Follow-up Survey and their basic demographic characteristics were described. The correlation between physical activity, anxiety symptoms, depression symptoms, and cognitive function was investigated. The chain mediating effect model was used to analyze the multiple mediating effects of anxiety and depression between physical activity and cognitive function.

Physical activity, anxiety symptoms and depression symptoms were correlated with cognitive function (all P<0.001), and physical activity was positively correlated (r=0.41), anxiety symptoms (r=-0.12) and depression symptoms (r=-0.22) were negatively correlated. On the one hand, physical activity can directly affect cognitive function in older adults (effect=0.234 8, SE=0.012 2, 95% CI: 0.211 0-0.258 6). On the other hand, physical activity mediated cognitive function through anxiety and depression symptoms, among which, the independent mediating effect of anxiety was 0.002 6 (SE=0.001 2, 95% CI：0.000 3-0.005 3), and the independent mediating effect of depression was 0.018 6 (SE=0.012 3, 95% CI: 0.014 2-0.023 2). The series mediating effect of anxiety and depression was 0.006 1 (SE=0.001 1, 95% CI: 0.004 0-0.008 4).

Physical activity may improve cognitive function in older adults by reducing anxiety and depression. For the elderly, active participation in physical activity is beneficial to maintain a good mental state and slow down the decline of cognitive function.

To study the quality-of-life level and its differentiation characteristics of elderly people in rural areas of China.

Based on the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study in 2018, we constructed an indicator system for evaluating the quality of life of rural elderly people from four levels: individual, family, society, and policy. The entropy method was used to objectively assign weights and calculate the quality-of-life score. The evaluation results were analyzed from three aspects: population characteristics, spatial correlation, and spatial distribution.

Marital status (F=35.27, P<0.001) and educational level (F=10.80, P<0.001) had a significant impact on the quality of life of rural elderly people. The distribution of quality of life was spatially correlated (I=0.432, P<0.001). There are a total of 16 provinces (accounting for 57.142%) with quality levels in the middle, low, and low-level regions, mainly located in the central and western regions.

More than half of the rural elderly in provinces have a quality of life in areas with a moderate or lower level, exhibiting a positive spatial clustering feature, roughly showing a distribution pattern of high in the east and low in the west. Special attention should be paid to the quality of life of unmarried, widowed, low educated, and central and western provinces.

To investigate the effects of high-fat diet in pre-pregnancy and pregnancy on gut microbiota of neonatal rats.

Twelve 3-week-old Specific Pathogen Free (SPF) female Sprague-dawley (SD) rats after one week of adaptive feeding were randomly divided into control group and high-fat diet group according to body weight. The rats were fed basal diet or high-fat diet until 12-week-old in pre-pregnancy, respectively, and then mated with SPF male SD rats of the same age. Pregnancy was determined the next day when vaginal plugs were observed or sperms were found by vaginal smears. Pregnant rats were kept in single cages and the diet in pregnancy was the same as pre-pregnancy. The postnatal day 0.5 (PD 0.5) neonatal rats were collected and the body weights were measured. Intestine of PD 0.5 neonatal rats were collected, intestinal weights were measured and intestinal coefficients were calculated. Histopathology and related genes detection of ileum and colon were performed. Total bacterial DNA of intestinal contents was extracted and the gut microbiota was analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing. Data was analyzed by t test or Mann-Whitney U test.

Compared with control group, there were no significant difference in the body weight, intestinal weight and intestinal coefficient in PD 0.5 neonatal rats of high-fat diet group(t=-0.682, P=0.499; t=0.269, P=0.790; t=0.674, P=0.506); there were no difference in intestinal histopathological changes; the gene expression level of Claudin-1, Lysozyme, Reg3γ (regenerating islet derived protein 3 gamma) and Alpha-defensin 5 of colon in PD 0.5 neonatal rats of high-fat diet group were increased significantly(t=-3.136，P=0.011; t=-3.303, P=0.019; t=-3.093, P=0.011; t=-3.575, P=0.005); there were no significant difference in α diversity and β diversity of gut microbiota(t=-1.407, P=0.190; t=-1.410, P=0.189; t=-2.017, P=0.071; U=6.000, P=0.055; F=1.030，P=0.141); the abundance of Ruminococcus, Phascolarctobacterium, Lachnospiracea_incertae_sedis, Veillonella and Flavobacterium and Bacteroides_sp._SLC1-38 increased significantly(U=3.500, P=0.013; U=7.000, P＝0.050; U=6.000, P=0.022; U=6.000, P=0.022; U=7.000, P＝0.050; U=3.000, P=0.007). The Linear discriminant analysis Effect Size (LEfSe) analysis found that Escherella/Shigella, Ruminococcus, Phascolarctobacterium, Lachnospiracea_incertae_sedis and Bacteroides_SP._SLC1-38 were bacteria with effects on the differences in high-fat diet group greater than the set value.

High-fat diet in pre-pregnancy and pregnancy increased the abundance of metabolically related bacteria and pathogenic bacteria in the gut of PD 0.5 neonatal rats.

To establish a rapid and accurate method for the detection of Vibrio cholerae O1 and O139 toxigenic strains.

On the basis of multienzyme isothermal rapid amplification technology, primers and probes were designed according to the hemolysin coding gene, cholera toxin coding gene and O antigen coding genes of Vibrio cholerae O1 and O139, and the detection method was preliminary established. With DNA of different Serotypes of Vibrio cholerae and other bacteria used as templates, the specificity and sensitivity of the detection method was verified.

When the probe addition amount of the reaction system was 0.6μL as recommended by kit instructions, it could successfully amplify four target genes including hemolysin coding gene, cholera toxin coding gene, and O antigen coding genes of Vibrio cholerae O1 and O139. When the probe addition amount was respectively optimized to 1.0 μL, 1.0 μL, 1.0 μL, 0.8 μL of the above-mentioned four genes, the amplification efficiency was higher. After optimizing probe addition, the specificity of the detection method was verified and each primer probe combination did not cross react with non target bacterial DNA. When conducting sensitivity analysis of the detection method, the genomic detection sensitivity of different target genes was 70fg or 290fg. The above results showed that the sensitivity and specificity of the detection method meet the design requirements.

A new method for the detection of Vibrio cholerae O1 and O139 toxigenic strains has been established. This method has characteristics of strong specificity, high sensitivity, and short detection time. It can be applied to the routine detection and rapid detection of Vibrio cholerae, and has a positive role in the prevention of cholera.

To establish a high throughput method for the detection of 22 plant toxins in urine and blood by ultra performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry.

The samples were extracted by acetonitrile oscillation, centrifuged, and the supernatant was purified by QuEChERS. Then, the matrix was matched with standard curve and quantified by external standard method. The full scanning mode of UPLC-MS /MS was used to quantitatively analyze and determine 22 kinds of target substances simultaneously. The influence of different extraction solvents, the selection and dosage of purification agent on sample extraction and purification by QuEChERS method was compared, and the sensitivity of the instrument was improved by optimizing the separation conditions of liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry parameters.

The regression equations of the 22 components to be measured in urine and blood had an outstanding linear relationship, with correlation coefficients were ≥0.996.The detection limits were 0.01～1.00 μg/L and 0.01～0.90 μg/L, the lower limits of quantification were 0.1-3.0 μg/L and 0.03-3.0 μg/L.The average recovery rates of spiked were 70.5%-125% and 73.7% -118%, Intraday precision and Daytime precision (RSD) were 1.2% to 15.2% (n=6) and 1.2% to 13.5% (n=6), respectively.

The method is rapid, accurate, sensitive and has high throughput. It can realize the rapid and efficient quantitative analysis of 22 plant toxins in blood and urine, and provide a reference for the determination oftrace plant toxins in biological samples.

To develop an ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method for the determination of eleven organophosphorus and ten neonicotinoid pesticides in vegetables.

Pesticides in sample were extracted with acetonitrile, cleaned up using a sorbent mixture of magnesium sulfate anhydrous, PSA and C₁₈. The separation was performed on a HSS T3 column. Detection was operated on multiple reaction monitoring scan under positive electrospray ionization. Matrix-matched external standard calibration curves were used for quantification.

The linear rang of calibration curves ranged from 0.50-100 ng/ml. Good linearities (r>0.999) were obtained for all 21 pesticides. The average recoveries were 76.0%-119.3% with RSD<10% for all the analytes. The limits of detection and quantification were 0.02-1.7 μg/kg and 0.06-5.7 μg/kg, respectively. This method was applied to analyze 76 vegetable samples from market. Nine target pesticides were detected in 26 samples, with a contents of 0.012-3.16 mg/kg.

This method is simple, sensitive, and accurate, and it is suitable for the determination of organophosphorus and neonicotinoid pesticide residues in vegetables.

To analyze and forecast the epidemic trends and disease burden of self-harm in China from 1990 to 2019, and to provide data for evaluating and formulating self-harm related prevention and treatment measures.

We used age-period-cohort modeling to estimate age, period, and cohort effects on self-harm incidence rates and mortality rates in China between 1990 and 2019. We projected the rates of self-harm in China from 2020 to 2030 using Bayesian age-period-cohort analysis.

In 2019, the age-standardized incidence rate of self-harm in China was 51.24/100 000 and the age-standardized mortality rate was 6.8/100 000. From 1990 to 2019, the disease burden of self-harm showed a decreasing trend in both male and female (EAPC<0). The results of APC analysis showed that in the age effect, the RR value of incidence peaked in 20-24 years old and over 70 years old, and the RR value of mortality increased rapidly in people over 70 years old.The period effect results showed that the overall morbidity and mortality risk of Chinese residents showed a downward trend from 1990 to 2019.Birth cohort results showed that the risk of morbidity and mortality for both male and female increased slowly and then decreased gradually with the change of birth year, and the population born between 1950 and 1954 had a higher risk of morbidity and mortality. By 2030, the ASIR of male self-harm is expected to decrease to 28.38/100 000 and that of female is 57.02/100 000. The ASMR of male decreased to 7.53/100 000 and that of female decreased to 3.90/100 000.

Although the burden of self-harm disease among Chinese residents shows an overall downward trend, it is still one of the diseases with a high burden of disease. Young people aged 20-24 and elderly people over 70 years old are targeted for life assistance and psychological counseling, and attention is paid to the physical and mental health of women who have attempted suicide, so as to reduce the burden of disease caused by self-harm.

To investigate the detection rate of osteosarcopenia in the elderly in the community of Shihezi city and to analyze its influencing factors.

From March to July 2023, a stratified random sampling method was used to select the elderly over 60 years old in Shihezi community for on-site questionnaire survey and physical measurement. Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors.

Among 1 051 elderly people, the detection rate of osteosarcopenia was 21.9% (230 people). Multivariate analysis showed that BMI (OR=0.78, 95% CI: 0.712-0.857), comorbidities (OR=1.774, 95% CI: 1.106-2.845), fracture history (OR=3.493, 95% CI: 1.748-6.979), duration of menopause (OR=1.080, 95% CI: 1.013-1.152), drinking strong tea OR coffee or carbonated drinks (OR=5.161, 95% CI: 2.731-9.752), sedentary inactivity (OR=1.899, 95% CI: 1.073-3.363), malnutrition (OR=4.601, 95% CI: 2.352-9.000), married (OR=0.041, 95% CI: 0.007-0.247), living alone (OR=3.404, 95% CI: 1.335-8.683), social frailty (OR=5.669, 95% CI: 3.852-10.674), low income (OR=2.248, 95% CI: 1.053-4.798) and employee medical insurance (OR=0.138, 95% CI: 0.037-0.510) and resident medical insurance (OR=0.023, 95% CI: 0.005-0.096) were the main influencing factor for the high-risk population of osteosarcopenia in the community.

The detection rate of sarcopenia and osteoporosis is high in the elderly in the community of Shihezi city. Community health workers should find the high-risk population of osteosarcopenia as soon as possible and take intervention measures.

To analyze and explore the association between lifestyle scores and the risk of developing nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in the United States (US) population, and to provide new ideas for the prevention and treatment of NAFLD.

The samples of this study were collected from the 2007-2018 US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database. Logistic regression analysis was employed to assess the impact of healthy lifestyle and NAFLD. Further stratified analyses were conducted to investigate potential differences across gender, age, ethnicity, marital status, and education levels.

A total of 4 105 participants were included in this study, comprising 1 284 individuals with NAFLD (24.64%) and 2 821 individuals without NAFLD (75.36%). Compared to low lifestyle score, individuals with moderate (OR=0.372, 95% CI: 0.25-0.56, P=9.15×10^-6) and high lifestyle score (OR=0.091, 95% CI: 0.06-0.14, P=1.50×10^-17) had a lower risk of developing NAFLD. Stratified analyses revealed that this effect was more pronounced among males and individuals aged 60 and above.

Healthy lifestyle is associated with a decreased risk of NAFLD, and improving lifestyle score can be effective in preventing and treating NAFLD.

To systematically evaluate the post-market safety of human papilloma virus vaccine in Jiangxi province．

The doses number of HPV administered from 2017 to 2022 wascollected from all the vaccination institutions, and theadverse events followingimmunization（AEFI）cases were collected through the AEFI Surveillance Module of Chinese Disease Control and Prevention Information System. Using descriptive statistics, the incidences and epidemiological characteristics were estimated．

81 AEFI cases of HPV were reported from 2017 to 2022，and the incidence was 3.38 per 100 000 doses. Moreover, the incidence of HPV2, HPV4 and HPV9 were 3.21, 3.38 and 3.84 per 100 000 doses, respectively. A totalof 71.60% cases were 20-39 years old and 75.31%occurred in 2 days after inoculation. 59.26% were common adverse reactions. Most rare vaccine reactions were allergic rashes, and the reported incidence was 0.50 per 100 000 doses.

The human papilloma virus vaccine has acceptable safety profile in Jiangxi. The sensitivity of monitoring system needs to be further improved.

Development of the Lifestyle Health Beliefs Questionnaire for Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Childbearing Age.

The first draft of the questionnaire was customized based on the health belief model dimensions and expert consultation; 273 patients with polycystic ovary syndrome in Chongqing were surveyed, and the data were tested for reliability and validity.

The total questionnaire Cronbach’s αvalue was 0.894, the individual dimensions Cronbach's α values ranged from 0.758 to 0.916, the questionnaire split-half reliability was 0.648, and the questionnaire re-test reliability was 0.772; six common factors were extracted from the exploratory factor analysis of the questionnaire for the 29 items, explaining 68.2% of the total variance, with S-CVI/Ave=0.944, and I-CVI for each dimension was 0.8 to 1. Validated factor analysis of the used questionnaire on lifestyle health beliefs in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome of childbearing age had good model fit, with discriminant validity ranging from 0.622 to 0.833, and combined reliability ranging from 0.748 to 0.901.

The developed questionnaire has good reliability and validity and is suitable for measuring lifestyle health beliefs in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome in reproductive age.

To analyze the prevalence of dementia among elderly people in China, to look into the factors that may influence it, and to consider the impact of the interplay between depression and reduced activity of daily living (ADL) function.

This study, which used data from the 2018 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS), described the statistical status of dementia in 7 588 people over the age of 60 and explored the interaction between depression and different types of activities of daily living abilities on the prevalence of dementia based on logistic regression modelling.

High level of chronic disease co-morbidity (OR=1.634, 95% CI: 1.133-2.355), depression (OR=2.141, 95% CI: 1.505-3.044), impaired basic activity of daily living (BADL)(OR=5.576, 95% CI:4.249-7.317) and reduced instrumental activity of daily living (IADL) (OR=2.663, 95% CI: 1.738-4.082) were risk factors for dementia in older adults. There was an additive interaction between depressive symptoms and impaired BADL capacity. Older adults with depressive symptoms and reduced BADL performance had a 13.917-fold (OR=13.917, 95% CI: 8.694-22.279) increased chance of developing dementia.

Additive interaction between the depressive symptoms and impaired BADL capacity on the development of dementia, adopting effective steps to manage depressive symptoms and enhance BADL ability will help lower that risk.

To apply the case-based problem-based learning (PBL) teaching method in clinical and disease prevention education of obstetric and gynecological nursing and evaluate its effectiveness.

A total of 50 obstetric and gynecological nursing students were randomly divided into a control group and an experimental group. The control group received traditional teaching methods, while the experimental group received case-based PBL teaching method. After completing all teaching sessions, a comprehensive evaluation of student learning was conducted through performance assessment and survey questionnaires. The collected data were analyzed and visualized using SPSS statistical software.

Students taught using a case-based problem-based learning (PBL) approach demonstrated significantly higher scores in seven assessment indicators compared to students taught using traditional teaching methods (P<0.05). Among these indicators, the differences were most pronounced in clinical thinking ability (t=5.226, P<0.001) and self-directed learning ability (t=3.878, P<0.001). In terms of theoretical and practical scores, the experimental group had an average score of 88.68, which was higher than the control group’s average score of 85.92 (t=3.056, P=0.004).

The application of the case-based PBL teaching method in clinical and disease prevention education of obstetric and gynecological nursing effectively enhances students’ comprehensive abilities, particularly in improving their clinical thinking and self-directed learning abilities.