To explore the causal relationship between age-related hearing loss and Alzheimer’s disease through two-sample Mendelian randomized analysis.

Inverse variance weighted, MR-Egger regression, weighted median, simple model, and weighted model were used to evaluate the relationship between age-related hearing loss and the risk of Alzheimer’s disease. Sensitivity analysis (pleiotropy, heterogeneity, and leave-one-out test) was used to evaluate the robustness of the results.

Statistical results showed that there was no causal association between age-related hearing loss and Alzheimer’s disease (inverse variance weighting method: OR=1.0526, 95%CI: 0.7155-1.5485; MR-Egger: OR=1.1347, 95%CI:0.2123-6.0660; weighted median method: OR=0.8908, 95%CI: 0.5281-1.5025; simple model method: OR=0.7157, 95%CI:0.2505-2.0445; weighted model method: OR=0.7470, 95%CI: 0.3153-1.7698). These results were consistent with that of Alzheimer’s disease proxy cases (inverse variance weighting method: OR=0.9560, 95%CI: 0.9008-1.0146; MR-Egger: OR=0.9887, 95%CI: 0.7729-1.2647; weighted median method: OR=0.9487, 95%CI: 0.8752-1.0283; simple model method: OR=0.9597, 95%CI: 0.8147-1.1305; Weighted model method: OR=0.9632, 95%CI: 0.8298-1.1179). Sensitivity analysis showed that there was no significant heterogeneity or pleiotropy, indicating that the results were robust.

There is no evidence that age-related hearing loss is associated with an increased risk of Alzheimer’s disease.

To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of hyperhomocysteinemia among Tibetan residents in the west of Xizang Ali.

By using the method of multi-stage cluster random sampling, Tibetan residents were randomly selected from the western area of Xizang Ali for physical examination and questionnaire survey, and blood routine and biochemical indexes were collected. The prevalence and influencing factors of hyperhomocysteinemia in this area were analyzed by chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression.

A total of 1 362 Tibetan residents in the western region of Xizang Ali were investigated. The results showed that there were 1 044 patients with hyperhomocysteinemia, with a prevalence rate of 76.7%. The prevalence rate of males (84.8%) was higher than that of females (71.5%). Smoking (OR=1.988, 95%CI:1.076-3.675), poor household (OR=1.775, 95%CI: 1.204-2.540), hyperuricemia (OR=3.416, 95%CI: 2.494-4.679), hypercholesterolemia (OR=4.051, 95%CI: 2.811-5.838), and hypertriglyceridemia (OR=2.589, 95%CI: 1.765-3.798) were risk factors of hyperhomocysteinemia. Female (OR=0.538, 95%CI: 0.384-0.752) and agricultural and pastoral areas (OR=0.312, 95%CI:0.156-0.625) were protective factors.

The prevalence rate of hyperhomocysteinemia is high in the western region of Xizang Ali. Sex, residence, smoking, and poor households are the influencing factors of hyperhomocysteinemia. Hyperhomocysteinemia is significantly associated with hyperuricemia, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and other diseases.

Based on the US National Health and Nutrition Survey from 2005 to 2021, an interpretable machine learning method was used to identify patients with depression in people over 65 years old.

The data of 2005 Mel 2018 and 2019-2020 were used as training set and test set, respectively, and three machine learning models of Lasso Logistic, random forest, and XG Boost were fitted. The best model of area under the curve (AUC) on the test set was selected and explained by interpretable machine learning model SHAP.

The AUC value of XG Boost model was the highest, which was 0.933 (0.912-0.954). Sleep problems, health problems, and eosinophil count were the top three important variables affecting senile depression. The absolute values of SHAP were 1.16, 0.83, and 0.55, respectively, which showed the main influencing factors of each individual.

Machine learning is superior to logistic regression model in predicting depression in the elderly. Interpretable machine learning can explain the model from the global and individual levels to make predictions, open the black box of machine learning models, and can be used as a supplement to machine learning models in practical application.

To explore the causal relationship between the characteristics of glycemic traits (fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin, glycosylated hemoglobin, and insulin resistance) and benign colorectal neoplasm (colorectal adenomas, benign rectal neoplasm, and benign colon neoplasm).

The instrumental variables of blood glucose characteristics were extracted from MAGIC and GLGCL alliance, and the genome-wide data of colorectal benign tumors came from Finn-Gen alliance. In this study, random effect inverse-variance weighted method (IVW), MR-Egger regression, and weighted median method (WMM) were used to analyze the causal relationship between four glycemic traits and benign colorectal neoplasm.

The results of IVW model showed that there was no causal relationship between fasting blood glucose (OR=0.999, 95%CI: 0.997-1.001), fasting insulin (OR=1.002, 95%CI: 0.998-1.006), glycosylated hemoglobin (OR=1.001, 95%CI: 0.999-1.004), insulin resistance (OR=0.999, 95%CI: 0.997-1.002), and colorectal adenoma. There was no causal relationship between fasting blood glucose (OR=0.909, 95%CI: 0.684-1.209), fasting insulin (OR=1.220, 95%CI: 0.706-2.107), glycosylated hemoglobin (OR=0.678, 95%CI:0.440-1.046), insulin resistance (OR=1.161, 95%CI: 0.810-1.663) and rectal benign tumor. There was no causal relationship between fasting blood glucose (OR=0.966, 95%CI: 0.836-1.116), fasting insulin (OR=1.318, 95%CI: 0.906-1.916), glycosylated hemoglobin (OR=1.124, 95%CI: 0.882-1.431), insulin resistance (OR=1.071, 95%CI: 0.875-1.311) and benign tumors of colon.

There is no evidence of causal relationships of fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin, glycosylated hemoglobin, and insulin resistance with colorectal adenomas, benign rectal neoplasm, and benign colon neoplasm.

To explore the risk factors of re-admission of schizophrenic patients within one year after discharge and to establish a risk prediction model of re-admission.

By using cluster sampling, 353 inpatients with schizophrenia in a large mental hospital from July to December 2020 were collected from the in-patient electronic medical record and discharge follow-up system. Based on their demographic and clinical data, Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors of re-admission within one year after discharge.

Four predictive factors were included: course of disease ≥ 20 years (OR=2.373, 95%CI: 1.242-4.533), combination of antipsychotics (OR=2.07, 95%CI: 1.211-3.538), underlying disease (OR=1.893, 95%CI: 1.111-3.226), and harmful behavior (OR=11.219, 95%CI: 5.544-22.701). The prediction model fitted well (χ² =3.444, P=0.903): the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the subjects was 0.805, the sensitivity was 82.6%,and the specificity was 65.6%. The results of Bootstrap re-sampling (n=1 000 times) showed that the model was stable.

The predictive model based on demographic and clinical data can be used as a tool to identify the schizophrenic patients at high risk of re-admission in the early stage.

To understand the current situation, influencing factors, and urban-rural heterogeneity of overweight/obesity among the elderly in China, so as to provide basis for formulating corresponding intervention measures.

The data of people age ≥ 60 years old in China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) database in 2020 were used. Unconditional binary logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of overweight/obesity in the elderly.

A total of 4 870 eligible samples were included in this study, of which 1 903 were overweight/obese, and the overweight/obesity rate was 39.08%(33.10% in rural areas and 36.56% in urban areas). People aged 60-69 (OR = 2.145, 95%CI: 1.559-2.951), 70-79 years old (OR = 1.752, 95%CI: 1.270-2.416), suffering from chronic diseases (OR = 1.215, 95%CI: 1.061-1.392), smoking (OR = 0.651,95%CI: 0.556-0.763), living in the central China (OR = 1.255, 95%CI: 1.052-1.498), eastern China (OR = 1.378, 95%CI:1.169-1.623), living in town (OR = 1.366, 95%CI: 1.193-1.565), with primary school education (OR = 1.214, 95%CI: 1.034-1.427), retirement pension (OR = 1.342, 95%CI: 1.126-1.599), and endowment insurance (OR = 0.841, 95%CI: 0.739-0.956) were the influencing factors of overweight/obesity in the elderly. People aged 60- 69 (OR = 2.333, 95%CI: 1.561-3.487), 70-79 years old (OR = 2.057, 95%CI: 1.372-3.084), suffering from chronic diseases (OR = 1.364, 95%CI: 1.132-1.645), smoking (OR = 0.705, 95%CI: 0.563-0.881), living in the eastern region (OR = 1.278, 95%CI: 1.006-1.623). with primary school education (OR = 1.397, 95%CI: 1.104-1.768), and retirement pension (OR = 1.284, 95%CI: 1.046-1.577) were the influencing factors of overweight/obesity of the urban elderly. People aged 60-69 years old (OR = 1.779, 95%CI: 1.048-3.021), smoking (OR =0.594, 95%CI: 0.473-0.747), living in central China (OR = 1.28, 95%CI: 1.010-1.647), eastern China (OR = 1.481, 95%CI:1.176-1.867), retirement pension (OR = 1.424, 95%CI: 1.003-2.022), and new rural cooperative medical system (NCMS) (OR =0.475, 95%CI: 0.261-0.862) and health insurance for urban/rural residents (OR = 0.615, 95%CI: 0.380-0.995) were the influencing factors of overweight/obesity of the rural elderly.

The influencing factors of overweight/obesity in the elderly are multi-level and multi-dimensional and vary between urban and rural areas. Timely and targeted preventive strategies and preventive measures should be taken from individual to macro dimensions, based on the current situation of urban-rural differences in China.

To investigate the effect of night shift work on metabolic syndrome (MS) in railway workers.

In total 7 635 railway workers who took part in the physical examination in the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University from September to December 2021 were selected as the research subjects. Logistic regression was used for correlation analysis and restricted cubic spline (RCS) was used to analyze the dose-response relationship.

The prevalence rate of metabolic syndrome in railway workers was 15.1%. After adjusting the confounding factors, former night shift (OR=1.198, 95%CI: 1.002-1.431) and current night shift (OR=1.219, 95%CI: 1.048-1.417), night shift duration of 6.0 ~ < 11.0 years (OR=1.323, 95%CI: 1.092-1.603) and ≥ 11.0 years (OR=1.256, 95%CI: 1.029-1.534), night shift twice a week (OR=1.269, 95%CI: 1.074-1.498), 3 times (OR=1.217, 95%CI: 1.001-1.479), and ≥ 4 times (OR=1.295, 95%CI:1.032-1.623) were significantly associated with the prevalence of MS in railway workers. The results of RCS showed that there was a linear positive correlation between the working years of night shift and the risk of MS (P _total < 0.001, P _non-linear=0.0760). The risk of MS began to increase after 1 year of night shift and reached the highest after 14.1 years.

Night shift work will lead to an increase in the risk of MS among railway workers, and the higher the number of years of night shift work, the higher the risk.

To analyze the current situation and potential influence paths of social support, imbalance of effort and reward, and sleep quality on self-rated health of male oil drilling crew workers in southwest China.

By using the method of cluster sampling, 1 951 male oil drilling crew workers were investigated, and a structural equation model was established to analyze the effects and pathways of social support, imbalance of effort and reward, and sleep quality on self-rated health.

The average score of social support of the sample population was 38.13 ± 9.02, 53.0% was with low reward, the average score of sleep quality was 6.39 ± 3.72, and 47.8% of the workers rated their health as average/relatively poor/poor. The results of structural equation model showed that social support (β = 0.123, 95%CI: 0.080-0.166) and sleep disorder (β =-0.407,95%CI: -0.447 to -0.364) respectively had a direct effect on self-rated health. The mediating effect of sleep disorder and its chain intermediary effect on effort and reward imbalance were 0.008 (95%CI: 0.006-0.010) and 0.005 (95%CI: 0.004-0.006),respectively.

The social support, effort and reward, sleep quality, and self-rated health status of male oil drilling crew workers in southwest China are poor. Social support and sleep disorder have a direct effect on self-rated health, and the imbalance of effort and reward and sleep disorder play an intermediary role in the effect of social support on self-rated health.

To explore the relationship between volatile organic compounds (VOCs) exposure and sleep problems in adults.

This study included 5 337 participants from the 2007-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database. Weighted logical regression model and weighted quartile sum (WQS) regression model were used to evaluate the association of blood VOCs with short sleep duration (SSD), difficulty in falling asleep, and sleep disorders in adults.

After adjusting the confounding factors, blood benzene (OR = 1.120, 95%CI: 1.019-1.230, P = 0.02), 2,5-dimethylfuran (OR = 1.144, 95%CI: 1.043-1.254, P = 0.005), ethylbenzene (OR = 1.115, 95%CI: 1.025-1.211, P = 0.012), furan (OR =1.271, 95%CI: 1.086-1.489, P = 0.004), and o-xylene (OR = 1.097, 95%CI: 1.006-1.198, P = 0.037) had a significant positive correlation with SDD. Secondly, 2,5-dimethylfuran (OR = 1.082, 95%CI: 1.008-1.161, P = 0.03) and furan (OR = 1.148,95%CI: 1.002-1.315, P = 0.046) were positively correlated with difficulty in falling asleep. Subgroup analysis showed that the positive association between VOCs and SSD was consistent among different groups. WQS results showed that for every unit of increase, SSD risk increased by 25.4% (OR = 1.254, 95%CI: 1.009-1.559, P = 0.041).

There is a positive correlation between VOCs exposure and SSD in American adults.

To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of abnormal bone mass in postmenopausal women of Dong and Miao ethnic groups in Guizhou Province, and to establish a nomogram prediction model and verify it, so as to provide theoretical basis for the prevention of abnormal bone mass in ethnic minority postmenopausal women in Guizhou Province.

This study was a cross-sectional study. In total 3 208 postmenopausal women of Dong and Miao ethnic groups were selected from the cohort study database of natural population of ethnic minorities in southwest China, and ultrasonic bone densitometer was used to measure calcaneal bone mineral density (BMD). The concentrations of cadmium, cobalt, copper, chromium, iron, mercury, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, lead, strontium, vanadium, and zinc in urine were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer, and the relationship between urine metal, demographic characteristics, reproductive characteristics, ethnic diet, and BMD was analyzed by binary logistic regression, and the risk prediction model of bone mass abnormality was established.

A total of 3 208 people were included in the study, and a total of 1 520 people with abnormal bone mass were detected. The detection rate of abnormal bone mass was 47.38%. Based on age (OR=1.098, 95%CI: 1.083-1.113),history of bone fracture (OR=0.560, 95%CI: 0.395-0.794), age of menopause (OR=0.965, 95%CI: 0.949-0.982), number of live births (OR=0.900, 95%CI: 0.818-0.990), use of contraceptive (OR=0.708, 95%CI: 0.555-0.901), total physical activity (OR=0.989, 95%CI: 0.984-0.994), urinary cadmium (OR:1.060, 95%CI:1.009-1.113), and urinary chromium (OR=1.004, 95%CI:1.001-1.008) were independent influencing factors of abnormal bone mass. To establish a predictive model Logit (P) for predicting the risk of abnormal bone mass in postmenopausal women: Logit (P) =-2.170+0.093 * (age)-0.580 * (history of bone fracture)-0.035 * (menopausal age)-0.105 * (number of live births)-0.346* (whether or not you have taken contraceptive)-0.011 *(total physical activity) + 0.058 * (urinary cadmium) + 0.004 * (urinary chromium). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the model was 0.722. The nomogram was drawn and verified internally. The results showed that the calibration curve predicted by the model for abnormal bone mass was basically consistent with the actual curve, and the fitting effect was good.

Cadmium and chromium are independent risk factors of abnormal bone mass, indicating that metal exposure can affect the occurrence and development of abnormal bone mass. The prediction model and score diagram of bone mass abnormality have good predictive ability, which provides a reference for screening abnormal bone mass of minority postmenopausal women in Guizhou Province.

To explore the relationship between hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and the time period when postmenopausal women received HRT and accelerated biological aging.

Based on the biochemical and anthropometric data collected from the UK Biobank baseline survey, the biological age (BA) and BA acceleration index were constructed by Klemera Doubal method (KDM). The subjects were divided into 5 groups according to the status of receiving HRT: no, 10 years before menopause, 0-10 years before menopause, 0-10 years after menopause, and 10 years after menopause. Multivariate linear regression model was used to explore the relationship between HRT and BA acceleration. The characteristic factors of the population were taken as stratified factors for stratified analysis.

A total of 96 889 subjects were included. Compared with people who did not receive HRT, there was a correlation for starting HRT 0-10 years before menopause (β=-0.28, 95%CI:-0.36 to -0.19) and starting HRT postmenopausal 0-10 years (β=-0.39, 95%CI: -0.46 to -0.31) with the delayed accelerated aging. The effect of HRT on delaying and accelerating aging was more obvious in postmenopausal women less than 60 years old.

Receiving HRT slows biological aging and is more effective when used within 10 years of menopause in postmenopausal women under 60 years of age.

To explore the mediating role of self-esteem in the relationship between childhood adverse experiences (ACEs) and depressive symptoms of junior high school students, and the regulatory effect of social support.

A total of 1 308 students from 3 junior middle schools in Xiangxi were selected by stratified random cluster sampling from February to April 2023. A questionnaire survey was conducted with the use of Childhood adverse experience questionnaire, Adolescent social support scale, PHQ-9 Depression symptom screening scale, and Rosenberg self-esteem scale. The data were analyzed by correlation analysis, intermediary analysis, and moderated intermediary model test.

(1) ACEs positively predicted depressive symptoms of junior high school students (β=0.801, t=7.246, P<0.05), while self-esteem and social support negatively predicted depressive symptoms of junior high school students (β=-0.406, t=-14.276, P < 0.05; β =-0.027, t=-2.781, P < 0.05). (2) Self-esteem played a mediating role between ACEs and depressive symptoms (effect=0.468, P < 0.05), and the mediating effect accounted for 31.33% of the total effect. (3) Social support directly regulated the relationship between ACEs and depressive symptoms (β=-0.017, t=-3.043, P<0.01), and social support played a regulatory role in the latter half of the mediating pathway of “ACEs self-esteem and depressive symptoms” (β=-0.004, t=-2.887, P<0.01).

There is a mediating effect between ACEs and depressive symptoms of junior high school students, and self-esteem is the mediating variable of the relationship between them. Social support buffers the influence of ACEs on the risk of depressive symptoms of junior high school students and strengthens the relationship between self-esteem and depressive symptoms. Therefore, giving more care and social support to junior high school students with ACEs and improving their self-esteem will help prevent and reduce the occurrence of depressive symptoms.

To understand the current situation of non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) behavior among middle school students in Taiyuan, and to explore the relationship between socio-ecological risk factors and NSSI behavior of middle school students, so as to provide evidence for targeted intervention strategies.

A total of 2 635 middle and high school students in Taiyuan were selected by stratified random cluster sampling. The general demographic characteristics, the risk level of social ecology, and the occurrence of NSSI behavior in the past year were investigated. Binary Logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between NSSI behavior and socio-ecological risk factors.

The reporting rate of NSSI behavior of middle school students was 13.5%. There were significant differences in NSSI behavior report rate among middle school students with different genders (χ²=11.12), the number of close friends (χ²=30.52), and different learning burden (χ²=37.51). After adjusting gender, the number of close friends, and learning burden factors (all P<0.01), the Logistic regression model took the low risk level of social and ecological risk factors as the control group, high risk personal factor (OR=2.93, 95%CI: 1.87-4.59), high risk family factor (OR=3.10, 95%CI: 2.04-4.71), moderate risk family factor (OR=2.08, 95%CI: 1.40-3.08), high risk school factors (OR=2.36, 95%CI:1.48-3.76), and high risk cultural factors (OR=1.44, 95%CI: 1.01-2.06) were positively correlated with NSSI behavior of middle school students.

When middle school students are exposed to high risk levels of individuals, families, schools and cultures in the social ecosystem, the risk of NSSI behavior will increase. While carrying on the intervention of personal, family and school factors, we should also pay attention to the influence of cultural factors on the NSSI of middle school students.

To analyze the relationship between nicotine dependence and depression among the elderly of Dai ethnic group in Jinggu county, Yunnan Province.

By using the method of multi-stage stratified random sampling,1 409 rural Dai people aged 60 and over in Jinggu county, Yunnan Province were investigated by face-to-face questionnaire.

The current smoking rate of rural Dai elderly in Jinggu county, Yunnan Province was 18.6% (37.1% for males and 0.8% for females). The smoking rate of males was significantly higher than that of females (P < 0.01). At present, the nicotine dependence rate of smokers was 32.8% (32.4% for males and 50.0% for females). There was no significant difference in nicotine dependence among Dai elderly people of different genders (P > 0.05), age groups (P > 0.05), education (P > 0.05), and annual family per capita income (P > 0.05). The prevalence rate of depression in the surveyed population was 52.0% (49.4% for males and 54.5% for females). Multivariate Logistic regression model analysis showed that patients with nicotine dependence were more likely to suffer from depression than those without nicotine dependence (OR=1.517, 95%CI: 1.066-2.158).

Nicotine dependence is positively correlated with depression in the elderly of Dai ethnic group in Yunnan Province. Taking effective measures to reduce the nicotine dependence rate of smokers is helpful to improve the mental health level of the elderly.

To analyze and compare the characteristics and influencing factors of seeking medical treatment for patients with chronic diseases of different ages in China.

The cross-sectional data of China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) in 2018 were used to select patients with chronic diseases as the study subjects (n=5 231), including 18-44 years old, 45-59 years old, 60-74 years old, and over 75 years old. Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors.

In urban areas, about 60% or more of patients with chronic diseases generally chose to go to the hospital for medical treatment. Multivariate regression analysis showed that patients aged 75 and above were more likely to go to the hospital than those aged 60 to 74 years old. In the subgroup analysis of young, middle-aged and elderly patients with chronic diseases, there were differences in the effects of education level, employment, and income level on the choice of location. In rural areas, about 50% of young, middle-aged and elderly patients with chronic diseases generally chose to seek treatment in primary health care institutions. Multivariate regression analysis showed that in rural areas, chronic patients aged 18-59 were more likely to go to hospital than those aged 60-74 (18-44: OR=1.50, 95%CI: 1.00-2.24, 45-59: OR=1.33, 95%CI: 1.05-1.70). In the subgroup analysis of young, middle-aged and elderly patients with chronic diseases, there were differences in gender, education level, marital status, region, income level, health status, depression status and other factors, while the influence of work status on site selection was similar.

In urban and rural areas, the factors affecting the location choice of chronic diseases of different ages vary. It is suggested to improve the understanding and trust of middle-aged and young people to primary medical institutions, and the advantages of primary medical institutions in providing comprehensive and continuous chronic disease management services should be further consolidated.

To develop the influenza vaccine hesitation scale for the elderly aged 60 and above and evaluate its applicability.

Based on the Chinese version of the parents’ hesitation scale for children’s influenza vaccination, combined with the characteristics of the elderly population, the influenza vaccine hesitation scale for the elderly aged 60 and above was developed, and the reliability and validity of the scale were evaluated.

The scale finally included 3 dimensions and 14 items, the score of the total scale was 32.82 ±7.99, and the correlation coefficient between each item and the score of the total scale was between 0.20 and 0.87 (all P < 0.05). Exploratory factor analysis showed that the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin （KMO） value of the scale was 0.916 (χ²_{approximation} = 14 315.26, P<0.05). Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the cumulative variance contribution rate of 14 common factors was 80.6%, GFI=0.909, IFI=0.961, TLI=0.952, and CFI=0.961,indicating that the overall fitness and structural validity of the model were good. Taking whether the elderly were vaccinated with influenza vaccine or not in the influenza season in 2022, the total vaccine hesitation score and the scores of “confidences”,“risk” and “support” were significantly correlated with the school standard (all P < 0.05). The Cronbach’s α coefficient of the scale was 0.859, indicating that the internal consistency reliability of the scale was high.

The influenza vaccine hesitation scale for the elderly developed in this study is good in reliability, validity and applicable stability, which can be used to evaluate the hesitation level of influenza vaccine in people aged 60 and above.

To analyze the spatial distribution characteristics, efficiency, and influencing factors of pension institutions in Dongguan, so as to provide reference for optimizing the resource allocation of pension institutions in Dongguan.

The resource allocation data of pension institutions in Dongguan were obtained by questionnaire survey, and the spatial distribution characteristics and efficiency of pension institutions were analyzed and evaluated based on GIS and three-stage DEA model.

There was a good spatial coupling between the resources of pension institutions in Dongguan and the elderly population over 60 years old; the lowest occupancy rate was 12.50%, the highest was 100.005%, and the phenomenon of “difficulty in finding a bed” and “half of the beds were vacant” coexisted. In the third stage, the average comprehensive efficiency decreased from 0.679 to 0.635, and environmental factors had a great influence on the efficiency of resource allocation in Dongguan. There were great differences in the efficiency of pension institutions in different areas. The comprehensive efficiency of urban areas was 0.784, which exceeded the average level of the whole city (0.635). The comprehensive efficiency of the eastern industrial park was only 0.439, which did not reach the average level of the whole city. The per capita regional GDP and the level of aging had a negative impact on efficiency.

It is suggested to rationally allocate the resources of pension institutions, optimize regional development planning, promote the upgrading of institutional pension services, improve the efficiency of resource allocation, and provide improved reference scheme for improving the service level of pension institutions in Dongguan.

To summarize the key elements and shortcomings of relevant policies in the field of mental health in China, so as to provide reference for the formulation and improvement of follow-up policies in the field of mental health in China.

Using NVivo11Plus software and content analysis method, a two-dimensional analysis framework of “policy tool-policy object” was constructed to quantitatively analyze 141 relevant policy texts in the field of mental health at the national level from 1999 to 2023 in China.

China has paid growing attention to mental health, and the National Health Commission, the Ministry of Education, and the Ministry of Civil Affairs were the core departments of policy formulation. The internal structure of supply-oriented policy tools was out of balance, and the application of environmental policy tools was insufficient. Demand-based policy tools were the least used, accounting for 49.96%, 28.36%, and 21.68%, respectively. The policy object was concentrated in the whole system, health system, and education system, accounting for 32.81%, 24.59%, and 21.94%, respectively.

It is suggested that the policy design balance the structure of policy tools, increase the supply of resources, apply strategies and measures, strengthen mental health education and promotion, strengthen community grass-roots mental health services, and standardize the development of social mental health service institutions so as to improve mental health and mental hygiene policy system.

To analyze the current situation of cognitive function of the elderly in China and the influence of internet use on the cognitive function of the elderly.

In total 10 546 people aged 60 and above were included in the study. The t-test and variance analysis were used to analyze the differences of cognitive function among elderly groups with different characteristics. Multiple linear regression model was used to explore the effect of internet use on the cognitive function of the elderly.

A total of 2 987 elderly people used the internet, accounting for 28.32% of the total, and the average score of cognitive function of the elderly who used the internet was 14.75±1.86. The average score of cognitive function of the elderly who had not used the internet was 13.34±2.91. There was a significant difference between the two groups (t=-29.48, P < 0.001). The use of the internet was related to the cognitive function of the elderly (β = 0.12, 95%CI: 0.608-0.845, P < 0.001), and the cognitive function of the elderly who used the Internet was better.

Internet use has an impact on the cognitive function of the elderly, and it is suggested that targeted measures be taken to improve the cognitive function of the elderly.

To study the relationship between social participation and depression trajectory and to explore the mediating effect of quality of life.

Based on the data of the four periods of China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) from 2011 to 2018, the heterogeneous trajectory of depressive symptoms in the elderly was identified by group-based trajectory model, the relationship between social participation and depression trajectory was studied by multi-class logistic regression, and the mediating effect of quality of life on social participation and depression trajectory of the elderly was analyzed by Karlson-Holm-Breen （KHB） method.

A total of 4 931 elderly people aged between 60 and 105 with at least two periods of depression were included, and four depression trajectory groups were identified: long-term non-depression group (61.69%), increased depression group (16.69%), depression remission group (13.83%), and long-term high depression group (7.79%). Compared with the subjects in the long-term non-depression group, the more social participation, the less likely the depression trajectory was attributed to the depression remission group, the increased depression group, and the long-term high depression group (RRR=0.899, 95%CI: 0.812-0.994; RRR=0.885, 95%CI: 0.786-0.995; RRR=0.747, 95%CI: 0.630-0.885). In addition, quality of life played a significant mediating role in the relationship between the two, and the mediating effect of self-rated health accounted for the largest contribution of 30.33% in the elevated depression group. The mediating effect of physical pain accounted for the largest contribution of 27.94% and 29.09, respectively in the depression remission group and the long-term high depression group. Similar results were obtained in the robustness test.

There is heterogeneity in the depression trajectory of the elderly, social participation has a significant impact on the attribution of depression trajectory, and quality of life is an important factor of social participation affecting depression trajectory.

To analyze the multiple mediating effects of social support and sense of meaning of life on the quality of death in elderly terminally ill patients.

By using convenience sampling method, 276 elderly patients and their attending nurses were investigated with general data questionnaire, perceived social support scale, life significance source scale for the elderly, family care index scale, and ICU nurse version QODD-14 scale. Pearson was used to analyze the correlation, and Amos software was used to establish structural equation model (SEM) and mediate effect test.

(1) The scores of quality of death, family function, social support, and sense of life were 62.52±8.67, 7.54±1.14, 52.53±7.64, and 107.54±13.58, respectively. (2) The quality of death of elderly deathbed patients was positively correlated with family function, social support, and sense of life meaning (r = 0.762, 0.886, and 0.795, P < 0.05). Family function was positively correlated with social support and sense of life meaning (r = 0.528, 0.499, P < 0.05). There was a positive correlation between social support and sense of life meaning (r = 0.665, P < 0.05). (3) Specific intermediary effect of social support accounted for 20.22%, specific intermediary effect of sense of life meaning accounted for 17.06%, and multiple intermediary effect of social support-sense of life meaning accounted for 6.54%.

Family function can indirectly affect the quality of death by regulating social support and sense of life meaning.

To investigate the relationship between frailty and social activity of the elderly in China, and to study the influencing factors of frailty in the elderly, so as to provide scientific basis for the healthy life of the elderly.

Based on 43 health related variables in China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) 2018 database, the frailty index (FI) was constructed to evaluate the frailty of the elderly. Binary logistic regression was used to explore the effect of social activity on the frailty of the elderly.

A total of 1 519 elderly people aged 60 and above were included in the CHARLS 2018 database, including 401 frail elderly, with a frailty rate of 26.4%. The participation rate of the elderly in social activities was 48.5%,and there were 439 elderly people with high level of social activity, accounting for 28.9% of the total. After adjusting for confounding factors, the risk of debilitation in the elderly with high level of social activity was 41.9%, lower than that in those with medium and low level of social activity (OR=0.581, 95%CI: 0.439-0.77).

The degree of social activity affects the frailty of the elderly, and the social activity of the elderly in China is generally low. The elderly should be encouraged to participate in social activities, and attention should be paid to the older and female elderly.

To investigate the relationship between childhood bullying and loneliness of the floating elderly in mega-cities.

By using the method of quota sampling, an effective questionnaire survey was conducted among 1 000 migrant elderly people ≥ 60 years old in Qingyundian Town, Daxing District, Beijing in 2022. The information of social demography, loneliness, and childhood bullying were collected. Univariate analysis and ordinary least squares (OLS) regression model were used to analyze the relationship between childhood bullying and loneliness of the floating elderly in mega-cities.

After adjusting demographic variables, socio-economic status variables, physical health variables, length of stay in Beijing, and proficiency in Mandarin and social integration, the loneliness scores of floating elderly people in mega-cities who suffered childhood bullying increased by an average of 5.616 (4.153-7.079) points. Self-rated health, Mandarin proficiency, marital satisfaction, and social integration played a regulatory role in“childhood bullying-loneliness”. Compared with model 1, the 95%CI of models 2, 3, and 4 changed from 8.014 (6.580-9.447) to 7.498 (6.027-8.968), 7.402 (5.961-8.843), and 5.616 (4.153-7.079), respectively. Sub-sample regression showed that the results were stable in different gender, age, household registration, and marriage and spouse mobility (all P < 0.01), but there were differences in education level.

The floating elderly in mega-cities who suffered childhood bullying have a higher level of loneliness, and self-rated health, proficiency of Mandarin, marital satisfaction, and social integration are helpful to weaken the above-mentioned relationship.

To investigate the cognitive function of the elderly with different exercise frequencies, and to analyze the effect of exercise frequency on the cognitive function of the elderly.

By using the method of stratified proportional sampling, 4 414 people aged 60 and above were selected from the streets of Yinzhou district of Ningbo. Mini-mental state examination (MMSE) was used to screen the cognitive function of the elderly in the community, and the generalized linear model was used to analyze the influence of exercise frequency and other factors on the cognitive function of the elderly.

The average MMSE score of 4 414 elderly people was 27.05±3.25. The MMSE scores of the elderly who never exercised, rarely exercised, and exercised regularly were 26.03±3.82, 27.04±3.19, and 27.53±2.88, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (F=72.596, P < 0.001). There were significant differences in cognitive function among the elderly with different exercise frequencies in the fields of orientation, memory, attention and calculation, recall, and language ability (F=13.120, F=13.309, F=33.508, F=32.575, and F=65.312, P<0.01). The results of generalized linear model analysis showed that after controlling other factors, compared with never exercise, the MMSE scores of rare exercise and regular exercise were 2.291 times (95%CI: 1.808-2.904) and 2.470 times (95%CI: 1.973-3.094), respectively.

Exercise frequency is closely related to the cognitive function of the elderly aged 60 and above in the community. Exercise can alleviate the cognitive dysfunction of the elderly in the community and actively mobilize the whole body to prevent Alzheimer’s disease. The elderly should be encouraged to participate in more exercises suitable for them.

To analyze the characteristics of envelope protein (envelope, E) gene in dengue fever cases in Hubei Province from 2014 to 2023 and to trace the biological origin.

Serum samples of suspected dengue fever cases were collected, and nucleic acid detection and serum typing were carried out. Nucleic acid positive samples were amplified by RT-PCR and sequenced, and the gene sequences were obtained and analyzed by MEGA11.0 software.

A total of 78 dengue nucleic acid positive cases were detected in Hubei Province from 2014 to 2023, and the E gene sequence of dengue virus (DENV) was successfully obtained in 44 samples, including 39 cases of serum type Ⅰ (DENV-Ⅰ) and 5 cases of serum typeⅡ (DENV-Ⅱ). Evolutionary analysis showed that 37 cases of DENV-Ⅰ were of gene type Ⅰ (G Ⅰ), distributed in three different branches, mainly close to the epidemic strains of Southeast Asian countries such as Guangzhou, Singapore, Indonesia, Thailand, and Myanmar, 2 cases were of gene type Ⅴ (GⅤ) were close to the epidemic strains of Guangzhou and India, and 5 cases of DENV-Ⅱ were of mixed type (Cosmopolitan type).

There was multitype dengue virus infection in Hubei Province from 2014 to 2023. The main epidemic strain was GⅠ subtype of DENV-Ⅰ, which was closely related to Guangzhou, China, and Southeast Asian countries. It is suggested that Hubei Province strengthen the prevention and control of cross-provincial and cross-border transmission of dengue fever and guard against the occurrence of severe dengue and death cases.

To investigate the positive rate of HBsAg and HBsAb in the population born during 2004 and 2022 in Jiangxi Province.

By using stratified cluster sampling method, venous blood samples were collected from 8 126 people born after 2004 from 2016 to 2022 in 11 districts and cities of Jiangxi Province, and the sera were separated. HBsAg and HBsAb were detected by Elisa method, and the positive rate was calculated. The chi-square test was used to analyze the difference of positive rate among different groups.

The positive rates of HBsAg and HBsAb among people born during 2004 and 2022 in Jiangxi Province were 1.40% and 74.92%, respectively. The positive rates of HBsAg in males and females were 1.14% and 1.80%, respectively (χ²=6.18, P=0.013) and the positive rates of HBsAb were 75.55% and 74.00%, respectively (χ²=2.51, P=0.113). The positive rates of HBsAg were 1.17%, 1.31%, 2.14%, and 3.12% (χ²=13.49, P=0.004) at the age of 4, 9, 14, and 15 to 18 years, respectively, and the positive rates of HBsAb were 85.65%, 60.26%, 50.04%, and 46.42%, respectively (χ²=9.90, P <0.001). The positive rates of HBsAg and HBsAb in urban and rural areas were 1.62% and 1.14% (χ²=11.99, P=0.001), 74.18%and 75.81%, respectively (χ²=2.83, P=0.095). The positive rates of HBsAg and HBsAb in people born before and after 2012 were 2.18% and 1.14%, 52.18%, and 82.28%, respectively (χ²=7.64, P < 0.001). The positive rate of HBsAg in 11 districts and cities was between 0.45% and 2.79% (χ²=37.18, P < 0.001), and the positive rate of HBsAb was between 69.88% and 84.30% (χ²=65.61, P < 0.001).

The positive rate of HBsAg among the people born during 2004 and 2022 in Jiangxi Province is low, and the prevention and control of hepatitis B is effective. There are population and regional differences in the prevalence of HBsAg and HBsAb. Targeted measures should be taken to further improve the effect of prevention and control.

To describe the characteristics of commercial sexual behavior of HIV-infected men who have sex with men (MSM) and analyze its influencing factors.

An anonymous questionnaire survey was conducted through the recruitment of HIV-infected MSM by two social organizations in Chongqing. The χ² test was used to compare the commercial sexual behavior of HIV infected with MSM with different social demographic characteristics, mental health status, and sexual behavioral characteristics. Multivariate Logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of commercial behavior.

A total of 1 501 cases of HIV infection with MSM were investigated in this study. In total 12.50% of the respondents reported same-sex commercial sex in the past six months, of which 28.34% reported unprotected commercial sex behavior. The results of multivariate Logistic regression showed HIV-infected MSM with marital status as marriage/cohabitation (OR=2.345, 95%CI: 1.442-3.814), working status as part-time and others (OR=6.522, 95%CI: 3.575-11.900), monthly income exceeding 5 000 yuan (OR=7.890, 95%CI: 4.254-14.634), age of first sexual intercourse less than 18 years old (OR=1.818,95%CI: 1.014-3.260), using same-sex dating software (using one: OR=2.984, 95%CI: 1.477-6.030; using two: OR=3.683,95%CI: 1.650-8.221; using 3 and above: OR=21.777, 95%CI: 8.349-56.804), drinking (OR=2.528, 95%CI: 1.568-4.074), and using Rush (OR=3.114, 95%CI: 1.988-4.877) were more likely to have commercial sexual behavior (P < 0.05).

The commercial sexual behavior of HIV infection with MSM is common in Chongqing, and the proportion of commercial sexual behavior without condom is high. Comprehensive measures should be taken to intervene the drinking, Rush use, and commercial sexual behavior of this population in order to reduce the further spread of HIV/STIs.

To understand the distribution, serotype, and drug resistance of Salmonella in domestic sewage in Jining city, and to analyze the whole genome sequencing so as to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of Salmonella.

From February to March in 2023, two samples of sewage from the intake of 3 urban sewage plants with 500 ml each were collected continuously for 7 weeks. A total of 42 sewage samples were collected for culture, isolation, and identification of Salmonella. The isolated Salmonella was tested for serum agglutination test and fluorescent quantitative PCR serotyping. In total 41 strains of Salmonella were tested for minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 17 drugs in 9 classes by microbroth dilution method, followed by genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis.

The isolation rate of Salmonella from domestic sewage in Jining city was high. Among 24 positive samples, 41 strains of Salmonella were isolated, belonging to 9 serotypes, mainly S. Agona and S. Kentucky. Liying and Jidong sewage treatment plants had their own unique serotypes. Only one strain of S. Give was not resistant, and the other 40 strains of Salmonella were multi-drug resistant. The resistance rates to sulfamethoxazole, tetracycline, ampicillin, and streptomycin were more than 90%, and the resistance rate to ampicillin/sulbactam was more than 80%. There were 19 kinds of drug resistance spectra, of which SXT-TET-STR-AMP-AMS ranked the first place. The resistance spectra of different serotypes of Salmonella were different. S. Kentucky, S. Gold Coast, and S. Infant were multi-drug resistant seriously. The resistance spectrum of the same serotype was also inconsistent in different sewage plants, and the resistance was the most serious in Liying sewage plant. The CARD database was used to predict drug resistance genes, mainly predicting 18 drug resistance genes in 8 types of drug resistance families, and the drug resistance phenotypes and drug resistance genes were almost all consistent. The ST types of different serotypes of Salmonella were different, and ST13 S. Agona was dominant. The phylogenetic tree was divided into 6 clusters, and strains in different sewage plants were in different branches, indicating that their genomes were different and had different sources.

There are various serotypes of salmonella in domestic sewage in Jining city, suggesting that they might have exist and spread in the population. Almost all strains are multi-drug resistant bacteria, carrying resistance genes extensively. Some types of strains live persistently and distribute across regions, leading to the potential risk to population. It is necessary to carry out continuous monitor, and scientific prevention and control measures need to be formulated to control the epidemic of salmonella and the aggravation of drug resistance.

To analyze the relationship between stress resistance, symptom interference, and cancer-related fatigue in cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy and chemotherapy.

A total of 336 cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy and chemotherapy in the First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University from October 2020 to October 2021 were selected by convenient sampling. The related data were collected by general condition questionnaire, cancer fatigue scale (CFS), Chinese version memory symptom assessment scale (MSAS-Ch), and stress resistance scale (CD-RICS).

The scores of cancer-related fatigues, stress resistance, and symptom disturbance were 30.55 ±8.26, 62.14 ±14.04, and 1.11 ±0.38, respectively. The level of stress resistance played an intermediary role in symptom interference and cancer-related fatigue, accounting for 26.26% of the total effect. The level of stress resistance had a regulatory effect between symptom interference and cancer-related fatigue (β = 0.102, ΔR²=0.382, P < 0.05).

The level of stress resistance plays a mediating effect and regulation between symptom interference and cancer-related fatigue. Encouraging patients to strengthen the level of stress resistance, strengthen positive psychological construction, and weaken the level of symptom interference is helpful to reduce cancer-related fatigue.

To analyze the relationship between the proportion of omega-6/omega-3 and mortality in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD), so as to provide reference for reducing the risk of death in patients with CVD.

The data were collected from the UK perspective cohort (UK Biobank) database. The exposure variable was the proportion of plasma omega6/omega-3, and the outcomes were all- cause deaths, CVD deaths, ischemic heart disease (IHD) deaths, and stroke deaths. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to analyze the relationship between omega-6/omega-3 ratio and death risk of CVD patients. Hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated. Gender, age, and other risk factors were stratified and their interaction with omega-6/omega-3 ratio was analyzed. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) was used to describe the dose-response relationship. Sensitivity analysis was used to test the robustness of the model.

A total of 35 096 participants were enrolled. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression model showed that all-cause deaths, CVD deaths, and ischemic heart disease deaths risk increased in CVD patients with the increase of the proportion of omega-6/omega-3. For each unit increase in omega-6/omega-3 ratio, the risk of all-cause, CVD, and IHD deaths increased by 2.1% (HR=1.021, 95%CI: 1.016-0.025), 1.9% (HR=1.019, 95%CI: 1.010-1.028), and 2.3% (HR=1.023, 95%CI:1.013-1.034), respectively. The proportion of omega-6/omega-3 was grouped according to quartile method and included in the model as a classified variable. Compared with Q1, the HR of all-cause, CVD, and IHD deaths of Q4 was 1.394 (95%CI: 1.267-1.534), 1.292 (95%CI: 1.085-1.540), and 1.528 (95%CI: 1.200-1.945), respectively, and no correlation was found between Q4 and stroke death risk (HR=0.987, 95%CI: 0.660-1.477). The results of RCS showed that the proportion of omega-6/omega3 was positively correlated with the risk of death.

The proportion of omega-6/omega-3 is a risk factor for death in patients with CVD.

To investigate the relationship between disease fear, self-efficacy, and psychological resilience after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in Xinxiang of Henan province.

A total of 137 patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting in Xinxiang Central Hospital were selected by convenient sampling method. Fear disease progression simplified scale (FoPQ-SF) was used to investigate the status of postoperative fear of disease before discharge, 6 weeks, and 3 months after operation, and self-efficacy scale (GSES) and psychological resilience scale (CDRISC) were used to evaluate their self-efficacy and psychological resilience. Pearson method was used to analyze the correlation between GSES score, CD-RISC score, and FoP-Q-SF score, and Logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of self-efficacy and psychological resilience on disease fear progression.

The scores of FoP-Q-SF items, total score, GSES score, and CD-RISC score increased gradually before discharge, 6 weeks, and 3 months after operation, and the difference was statistically significant. Pearson correlation showed that GSES score and CD-RISC score were positively correlated with FoP-Q-SF score. Stepwise multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that GSES score and CD-RISC score were the influencing factors of postoperative disease fear progression.

The disease fear status of patients after coronary artery bypass grafting in Xinxiang area of Henan Province is at a high level, and self-efficacy and psychological resilience are closely related to it, which are also the influencing factors of postoperative disease fear progression.