To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM) among middle-aged and elderly populations in Xizang, and to develop a nomogram prediction model for assessing CMM risk, thereby providing evidence-based references for disease prevention and control strategies.

Utilizing data from the Xizang survey site of the Southwest China Natural Population Cohort Study, a total of 3 012 participants were included for statistical analysis. Chi-square tests and multivariate logistic regression were employed to identify determinants of CMM, followed by construction of a nomogram prediction model. The model’s performance was validated through Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit testing and calibration curve analysis.

Among 3 012 participants, the prevalence of cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM) was 25.1%. Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified the following independent risk factors: advanced age (≥65 years: OR=2.484, 95%CI：1.967-3.138), male gender (OR=1.636, 95%CI：1.363-1.963), nocturnal sleep duration <7 hours (OR=1.527, 95%CI：1.101-2.118), frequent snoring (OR=1.392, 95%CI：1.095-1.769), poor self-rated health (OR=2.141, 95%CI：1.606-2.853), BMI ≥28 kg/m² (OR=1.993, 95%CI：1.498-2.651), and central obesity (OR=1.674, 95%CI: 1.345-2.083). The model demonstrated satisfactory goodness-of-fit (Hosmer-Lemeshow χ²=2.430, P=0.965) with calibration curve analysis showing excellent agreement between predicted and observed probabilities.

Preventive strategies should prioritize middle-aged and elderly individuals with the identified risk profiles: advanced age (≥65 years), male gender, nocturnal sleep deprivation (<7 hours), frequent snoring, suboptimal self-rated health, overweight/obesity, and central obesity. The nomogram model developed based on these influencing factors demonstrates certain predictive value for assessing CMM risk in middle-aged and elderly populations in Xizang.

To analyze the dynamic trends in incidence and prevalence of periodontal disease in China from 1992-2021, quantify age, period, and cohort effects, and project future trends over the next two decades, thereby informing targeted prevention strategies.

Data were extracted from the 2021 Global Burden of Disease Study. Joinpoint Regression (JPR5.0.2) was employed to assess temporal trends in periodontal disease incidence and prevalence. Age-Period-Cohort (APC) modeling was applied to disentangle independent age, period, and cohort effects. Bayesian Age-Period-Cohort (BAPC) analysis was utilized to project incidence and prevalence from 2022 to 2041.

Between 1992 and 2021, the incidence and prevalence of periodontal diseases in China exhibited an overall upward trend, with an annual increase of 0.18% in incidence and 0.30% in prevalence, and higher rates observed in males than females. The APC model revealed that net age effects were positive across all age groups, with net changes of 0.61%(95%CI: 0.43-0.80) for incidence and 0.98%(95%CI: 0.81-1.15) for prevalence, showing an initial increase followed by a decline and subsequent rise. The highest incidence occurred in the 50-54 age group, while the highest prevalence was observed in the 60-64 age group. Using 2002-2006 as the reference period (RR=1), the risk of incidence and prevalence began to rise continuously around 2007, peaking at RR=1.04 (95%CI: 0.99-1.09) and RR=1.09 (95%CI: 1.05-1.13), respectively. For the birth cohort, using 1953—1957 as the reference (RR=1), the 1998-2002 birth cohort exhibited the highest risks for both incidence (RR=1.80, 95%CI: 1.14-2.84) and prevalence (RR=1.87, 95%CI: 1.01-3.46). Predictions indicated that the incidence and prevalence of periodontal diseases in China will continue to rise over the next 20 years.

China has experienced escalating periodontal disease burden since 1992, with marked age-dependent heterogeneity. Without effective interventions, incidence and prevalence are expected to rise rapidly through 2041, highlighting the need for heightened attention to its disease burden in public health planning.

To construct a prediction model for metabolic syndrome (Metabolic Syndrome, MetS) in railway employees based on machine learning algorithms (Machine Learning, ML) and evaluate the prediction performance.

The time to the onset of metabolic syndrome was used as the outcome variable, with demographic characteristics and biochemical indicators as predictive variables. Univariate analysis was conducted to select predictive indicators. The study subjects were randomly divided into a training set and a test set in a 7:3 ratio. Cox proportional hazards regression, Random Forest (Random Survival Forest, RSF), and Gradient Boosting Machine (Gradient Boosting Machine, GBM) were used to build metabolic syndrome prediction models. Model performance was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (Area under curve, AUC), concordance index (C-index), sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and F1 score. A risk calculator was created using the shiny package.

This study included 17 087 subjects and collected 28 indicators. Univariate analysis identified 22 statistically significant indicators. In the training set, the areas under the curve (area under the curve, AUC) of the prediction models constructed by Cox, RSF, and GBM were 0.870,0.938, and 0.891, respectively; C-index values were 0.853,0.935, and 0.843; sensitivity was 0.612,0.968, and 0.628; specificity was 0.933,0.742, and 0.994; accuracy was 0.678,0.788, and 0.703; F1 scores were 0.751,0.839, and 0.749.

The RSF model outperformed the Cox model and the GBM model in predicting metabolic syndrome among railway employees, providing a scientific basis for early identification of metabolic syndrome and aiding in the implementation of primary prevention measures.

To construct a machine learning model based on Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1) and Growth Differentiation Factor-8 (GDF-8, Myostatin) for predicting sarcopenia in lung cancer patients, with the aim of improving early detection and diagnostic capabilities, providing personalized nutrition and treatment recommendations, and enhancing patients’ health status and prognosis.

A total of 263 primary lung cancer patients hospitalized at Karamay Central Hospital between October 2023 and July 2024 were selected as research subjects. Data on gender, age, BMI, IGF-1, GDF-8, interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and other variables were collected. Patients were divided into a sarcopenia group and a non-sarcopenia group according to the criteria established by the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGSOP). Univariate analysis and LASSO regression analysis were used to identify risk factors for sarcopenia in primary lung cancer patients. The selected risk factors were incorporated into the K-nearest neighbors (KNN) algorithm model, Gaussian Naive Bayes (GNB), and binary logistic regression models, using the R software. Internal validation was performed using the Bootstrap method.

A total of 263 patients were investigated, with 137 in the sarcopenia group and 126 in the non-sarcopenia group. The sarcopenia group had significantly higher proportions of alcohol consumption, IL-4, IL-6, IL-17, TNF-α, GDF-8, blood urea nitrogen, and low-density lipoprotein, while BMI, smoking, PSQI score, IGF-1, and platelet count were significantly lower than those in the non-sarcopenia group (all P<0.05). The ROC curve showed that the C-index of the KNN model was 0.936, the C-index of the GNB model was 0.935, both significantly better than the binary logistic regression model’s C-index of 0.926. The Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test showed that the average prediction error between the predicted and actual values of the KNN model, GNB model, and binary logistic regression model were 0.026 9, 0.018 8, and 0.028 7, respectively, with the GNB model significantly outperforming the KNN model and the binary logistic regression model. The prediction results of the GNB model were highly consistent with the observed outcomes. DCA curves demonstrated that the GNB model outperformed both the KNN model and the binary logistic regression model in predicting sarcopenia risk in lung cancer patients.

High levels of IL-6, TNF-α, and GDF-8, low levels of IGF-1 and albumin, poor sleep quality, and low BMI are independent risk factors for sarcopenia in lung cancer patients. The GNB prediction model constructed in this study significantly outperforms both the KNN model and the binary logistic regression model, providing precise and individualized predictions for sarcopenia risk in lung cancer patients. This model can offer personalized nutrition and treatment recommendations for clinical practice, improving patients’ health status and prognosis.

To analyze the recurrence status and influencing factors of initially treated elderly tuberculosis patients after successful treatment in Kashgar region, and to provide a basis for preventing and controlling tuberculosis recurrence.

A total of 40 527 Patients aged 60 and above who were initially treated for tuberculosis and successfully treated in Kashgar from 2016 to 2022 were selected as the study subjects. Their recurrence rate up to the end of 2023 was analyzed. The Kaplan-Meier method was used for univariate analysis of recurrence influencing factors, the log-rank test was used for inter-group comparison, and the Cox proportional hazards regression model was used for multivariate analysis. Results Among the 40 527 study participants, 6 358 cases of recurrence were recorded by the end of 2023, with a total cumulative recurrence rate of 19.17%. The Cox proportional hazards regression model showed that male gender (aHR=1.176, 95%CI: 1.119-1.235), severe tuberculosis burden in the current residence (aHR=1.354, 95%CI: 1.234-1.486), positive sputum test result at initial diagnosis (aHR=1.831, 95%CI: 1.622-2.068), positive sputum test result at the end of the second month of initial treatment (aHR=2.230, 95%CI: 1.736-2.865), positive sputum culture result at initial diagnosis (aHR=1.533, 95%CI: 1.346-1.745), and a diagnosis and treatment delay of 30 days or more (aHR=1.126, 95%CI: 1.057-1.198) were independent risk factors for recurrence in initially treated elderly tuberculosis patients. In contrast, active case-finding (aHR=0.635, 95%CI: 0.600-0.672), a cured treatment outcome (aHR=0.655, 95%CI: 0.580-0.739), and puretuberculous pleurisy (aHR=0.206, 95%CI: 0.098-0.432) were protective factors against recurrence.

To reduce the recurrence of initially treated elderly tuberculosis, it is necessary to strengthen follow-up and management after treatment, implement targeted interventions for high-risk groups, and enhance public health education to promote early detection and standardized treatment.

To explore the impact of grip strength asymmetry on cognitive function among elderly people in Chengdu, to investigate the mediating role of activities of daily living (ADL) between grip strength asymmetry and cognitive function, and to provide scientific evidence for reducing the risk of cognitive decline.

This study analyzed survey data from Wenjiang District and Longquanyi District in Chengdu in 2023. Handgrip strength asymmetry was calculated from bilateral grip strength measurements, and cognitive function was assessed using the Minimum Mental State Examination (MMSE). Correlation analysis and regression analysis were used to explore the relationship between handgrip strength asymmetry, ADL and cognitive function in the elderly. Bootstrap tested the mediating role of ADL between handgrip strength asymmetry and cognitive function.

The study included 1 110 participants, including both urban and rural residents of Chengdu, with an average age of 72.38±5.82 years, including 660 (59.5%) women. The handgrip strength asymmetry was negatively correlated with cognitive function and ADL (r=-0.121, P<0.001; r=-0.138, P<0.001), ADL was positively correlated with cognitive function (r=0.125, P<0.001). The results of mediating effect test showed that ADL played a partial mediating role between the handgrip strength asymmetry and cognitive function (P<0.05), and the mediating effect accounted for 12.9%.

Our findings suggest that grip strength asymmetry can lead to impairment in activities of daily living, which in turn causes cognitive decline among the elderly population in Chengdu. Thus, ADL plays a partial mediating role between handgrip strength asymmetry and cognitive function. Physical exercise targeting grip strength and ADL may be an effective approach to preventing and delaying cognitive decline.

To investigate the independent and joint effects of long-term exposure to air pollutants on the metabolic syndrome risk in adults.

Data were obtained from the surveillance and investigation of chronic diseases and risk factors in Hubei Province from 2018 to 2020. The daily average concentrations of PM_2.5, PM₁₀, NO₂, SO₂, O₃, and CO at 1-kilometre spatial resolution were matched according to participants’ residential addresses, and the average levels of these air pollutants over the 1-year period before the survey conducted were calculated to assign individual-level exposure. Multilevel logistic regression and weighted quantile sum regression models were applied to evaluate the independent and joint effects of air pollutant exposure on the risk for metabolic syndrome, respectively.

A total of 24 322 adults were included in the final analysis, with a metabolic syndrome prevalence of 39.8%. Higher exposure to PM_2.5(OR=1.011, 95%CI:1.001-1.020) and O₃ (OR=1.012, 95%CI: 1.005-1.018) were associated with an increased risk for metabolic syndrome. Subgroup analyses showed that exposure to PM_2.5 was positively associated with risk for metabolic syndrome among rural residents (OR=1.018, 95%CI: 1.006-1.030), and the positive association between exposure to O₃ and metabolic syndrome were found in adults beyond 60 years (OR=1.015, 95%CI: 1.008-1.023) and those physically active (OR=1.015, 95%CI: 1.008-1.022). The WQS regression revealed a positive association between long-term exposure to air pollutant mixtures and the metabolic syndrome risk (OR=1.188, 95%CI: 1.129-1.251), with O₃, CO, and PM_2.5 contributing 44.3%, 34.8%, and 20.8% to the joint effect, respectively.

Both long-term individual and joint exposures to air pollutants are positively associated with metabolic syndrome risk in adults, with the joint exposure showing a stronger adverse effect primarily driven by O₃, CO, and PM_2.5. To mitigate metabolic syndrome risk in adults, comprehensive prevention and control strategies should be implemented to reduce exposure to air pollutants.

To explore the influencing factors of occupational stress and their interrelationships among frontline workers in the secondary industry, so as to provide a reference basis for targeted intervention of occupational stress.

1 227 frontline workers in the secondary industry of Nanchong City were selected as study subjects by stratified random sampling. The Core Occupational stress and the Occupational Health Literacy Questionnaire of National Key Population were used to investigate occupational stress and occupational health literacy. SPSS 27.0 and R 4.1.2 were used to screen the influencing factors, Netica 7.01 constructed a Bayesian network model with inference and sensitivity analyses, and the area under the curve (AUC) assessed the model fit.

370(30.2%) were found to have occupational stress among frontline workers in the secondary industry in Nanchong City. LASSO regression analysis screened out 12 influencing factors, which were gender, marital status, health status, age, education, monthly income, exercise, occupational health literacy, enterprise size, nature of the enterprise, weekly working hours, and night shifts. The occupational stress Bayesian network model fit well (AUC=0.865), and backward inference yielded six key influences, ranked by sensitivity analysis: monthly income (57.9%), weekly working hours (55.4%), health status (52.6%), occupational health literacy (33.4%), enterprise size (20.4%), and exercise (15.5%).

The Bayesian network model constructed in this study has good prediction performance for occupational stress of frontline workers in secondary industry. It should focus on helping small and micro-enterprises, pay attention to low-income and poor health workers, and suggest rationalizing working hours, improving occupational health literacy, and strengthening physical exercise to prevent and control the occurrence of occupational stress.

To investigate the impact of chemical components in multi-size particulate matter on mortality risk from circulatory system diseases, and to provide evidence for establishing refined air pollution control strategies.

Based on mortality data for circulatory system diseases in Tianjin from 2019 to 2022, integrated with multi-size particulate matter component profiles and meteorological parameters, a generalized linear regression model based on quasi-Poisson distribution was constructed to quantitatively assess the differential contributions of particulate matter components across size ranges to mortality risk.

During the study period, 37 416 circulatory system disease deaths were recorded, with a weekly average mortality of 393.85±93.70 cases. The health effects of particulate matter were most pronounced in the 1.1- 2.1 μm size range, where a 1 interquartile range (IQR) increase was associated with a 6.83% (95%CI: 1.25%-12.72%) elevation in circulatory mortality risk. Component-specific analyses identified chloride ions, potassium, chromium, titanium, and cadmium as significantly correlated with circulatory mortality. Smaller particle sizes exhibited greater toxicity, with heightened sensitivity observed in females and individuals over 65 years old.

Particulate matter health effects demonstrate significant size-dependent characteristics, with diminishing particle sizes correlating to increased toxic complexity. Targeted control strategies are recommended, prioritizing metal components and secondary inorganic ions in particles below 2.5μm.

To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and incidence trend of respiratory infectious diseases in children aged 0-14 years in Lanzhou City, and provide reference for scientific prevention and control of children’s infectious diseases.

The surveillance data of respiratory infectious diseases in children aged 0-14 years in Lanzhou from 2014 to 2023 were collected through the China Disease Control and Prevention Information System. Descriptive epidemiological methods and Joinpoint regression model were used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics and incidence trends of respiratory infectious diseases.

A total of 40 347 cases of 9 kinds of respiratory infectious diseases in children aged 0-14 years were reported in Lanzhou from 2014 to 2023, resulting in an average annual reported incidence rate of 743.60 per 100 000. The overall reported incidence rate showed an upward trend (APC=AAPC=14.576 6%, P<0.05).The incidence rate of the disease among male children was 811.70 /100 000, while the incidence rate among female children was 656.74 /100 000, indicating that the rate in male children was significantly higher (χ²=443.64, P<0.001). Among different populations, the number of reported cases was highest among students, totaling 21 043 cases (accounting for 52.40%). The incidence of respiratory infectious diseases had a seasonal pattern in children aged 0-14 years in Lanzhou. The peak of incidence was from November to December (12 031 cases, accounting for 30.2%), followed by May to June (8 113 cases, accounting for 20.36%) and March (4 556 cases, accounting for 11.46%). Except for COVID-19 infection, the top five reported cases were chickenpox (298.94/100 000), influenza (261.34/100 000), mumps (93.99/100 000), scarlet fever (70.7/100 000) and measles (5.99/100 000). The influenza (11 897 cases, accounting for 38.80%) ranked the first in urban area, and chickenpox (4 964 cases, accounting for 54.90%) ranked the first in county (district), the difference was statistically significant (χ²=1 034.46, P<0.05).

The overall incidence of respiratory infectious diseases showed an upward trend, and the incidence had obvious seasonal characteristics in children aged 0-14 years in Lanzhou from 2014 to 2023. Chickenpox and influenza were the main respiratory infectious diseases. Monitoring of pediatric respiratory infectious diseases was emphasized, with a focus on key populations and regions. It is necessary to strengthen the surveillance of respiratory infectious diseases in children, pay attention to key populations and key areas, and effectively control the spread of respiratory infectious diseases in children.

To assess the relationship between the Life’s Crucial 9 (LC9) and stress urinary incontinence (SUI).

Data based on 4 550 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database from 2007 to 2018 were analyzed. Subjects were categorized into T1, T2, and T3 groups based on LC9 tertiles. Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the relationship between LC9 and SUI with parallel trend analysis. Stratified Logistic regression was used to analyze the correlation between LC9 and SUI in different groups. Restricted cubic spline was used to explore the quantitative relationship between LC9 and SUI.

All three models showed a negative correlation between LC9 and SUI incidence (all P<0.001). After adjusting for various covariates, each 10-point increase in LC9 was associated with a 16% reduction in SUI incidence (OR=0.84, 95% CI: 0.79-0.88). T3 was associated with a 40% reduction in SUI incidence compared with T1 (OR=0.60, 95% CI: 0.50-0.72). The results of restricted cubic spline curve (RCS) analysis further showed a significant linear negative association between LC9 and SUI incidence after adjustment for relevant variables (overall P<0.001; nonlinear P=0.261). There was a significant interaction between LC9 score and history of vaginal delivery (P<0.05). Higher LC9 scores in patients with SUI (n=2 047) were significantly associated with mortality from cardiovascular events in SUI (HR=0.10, 95% CI: 0.01-0.79).

LC9 is negatively associated with morbidity and mortality from SUI, and good quality of life management may be a potential strategy to reduce SUI incidence and mortality.

To analyze the vaccination status of hepatitis B vaccine (HepB) among children born to HBsAg positive mothers in Qingdao City, to investigate factors influencing the vaccination timeliness of HepB.

Vaccination data of HepB among children born to HBsAg positive mothers in Qingdao City from 2020 to 2022 was obtained from Shandong immunization information systems. The vaccination rates and timely vaccination rates of HepB were analyzed, and multivariate logistic regression was used to identify factors influencing vaccination timeliness.

A total of 6 232 children born to HBsAg positive mothers were included. The vaccination rate of first dose of HepB (HepB₁) was 100%, and the timely vaccination rate (within 12 hours of birth) of HepB₁ was 84.88%. The full-course vaccination rate of HepB was 99.73%, and the timely full-course vaccination rate (within six months of birth) was 73.38%. Multivariate logistic regression showed that born in 2021 (OR=1.51, 95%CI: 1.26-1.80), born in 2022 (OR=4.92, 95%CI: 3.91-6.20), born in county-level hospitals (OR=1.65, 95%CI: 1.38-1.96) and private hospitals (OR=2.57, 95%CI: 1.88-3.50), birth weight ≥2.5kg (OR=2.89, 95%CI: 1.88-4.44), gestational age at birth ≥37 weeks (OR=1.83, 95%CI: 1.28-2.61), birth time not between 3 PM and 9 PM (OR=12.63, 95%CI: 10.69-14.95) were promoting factors for the vaccination timeliness of HepB₁; Female (OR=1.13, 95%CI: 1.01-1.26) was a promoting factor for the vaccination timeliness of full-course HepB; Gestational age at birth ≥37 weeks (OR=0.73, 95%CI: 0.57-0.95), second birth (OR=0.77, 95%CI: 0.68-0.86), third birth and above (OR=0.57, 95%CI: 0.46-0.70) were risk factors for the vaccination timeliness of full-course HepB.

The vaccination rates of HepB₁ and full-course HepB among children born to HBsAg positive mothers in Qingdao City were maintained at a high level, but the timely vaccination rates were relatively low. We should take targeted measures to improve the vaccination timeliness of HepB.

To analyze the trends in the disease burden of schizophrenia among Chinese adolescents aged 10-24 years from 1990 to 2021, reveal age, period, and cohort effects, and predict the disease burden trend from 2022 to 2030, providing a basis for formulating targeted prevention and control strategies.

Based on data from the Global Burden of Disease study, Joinpoint regression was used to analyze trends in age-standardized rates, an age-period-cohort model was applied to interpret age, period, and cohort effects on incidence and prevalence.

From 1990 to 2021, the incidence rate, prevalence rate, and disability-adjusted life year (DALY) rate of schizophrenia among Chinese adolescents showed a downward trend, decreasing from 33.64/100 000, 145.77/100 000, and 98.69/100 000 to 31.51/100 000, 133.55/100 000, and 90.80/100 000, with decline rates of 6.33%, 8.38%, and 8.00%, respectively. In contrast, the age-standardized incidence rate, prevalence rate, and DALY rate increased slowly at average annual growth rates of 0.05%, 0.13%, and 0.14%, respectively. The trend of age-standardized incidence rate could be divided into three periods: 1990-2008 (APC=-0.02%), 2005-2016 (APC=-0.28%), and 2016-2021 (APC=0.77%). The trend of age-standardized prevalence rate was divided into four periods: 1990-2004 (APC=-0.01%), 2004-2010 (APC=0.13%), 2010-2016 (APC=-0.14%), and 2016-2021 (APC=0.84%). The trend of age-standardized DALY rate was divided into four periods: 1990-2005 (APC=0.02%), 2005-2010 (APC=0.20%), 2010-2016 (APC=-0.16%), and 2016-2021 (APC=0.81%). The age-period-cohort model revealed that the risks of incidence and prevalence increased significantly with age (RR values for the 20-24-year-old group were 2.37 and 4.41, respectively, significantly higher than 0.30 and 0.17 in the 10-14-year-old group), showed a mild upward trend over time (RR values increased from 0.94 and 0.91 in 1990-1994 to 1.08 and 1.11 in 2020—2021), and decreased with later birth cohorts (RR values for the 1970-1974 birth cohort were 1.07 and 1.11, dropping to 0.96 and 0.92 in the 2010-2014 cohort).

From 1990 to 2021, the incidence, prevalence, and DALY rates of schizophrenia among Chinese adolescents showed a downward trend, while the standardized rates exhibited a slow upward trend. Age growth and temporal trends were key factors in risk elevation, while younger birth cohorts exhibited lower risks. Dynamic intervention strategies targeting adolescents are needed in the future, with particular attention to the rising age-standardized burden.

To assess the level of health literacy on cancer prevention and control and its influencing factors among residents in Sichuan Province, and to provide a scientific basis for optimizing health education strategies on cancer prevention and control.

In April 2023, a convenience sampling method was used to recruit 28 163 permanent residents aged 15-69 from 21 cities (prefectures) in Sichuan Province for a cross-sectional survey. The χ² test was used to analyze the differences among different groups, and the multivariate Logistic regression model was employed to explore the influencing factors of cancer prevention and control literacy.

After weighted adjustment, the overall literacy level of cancer prevention and control among residents in Sichuan Province was 45.16%. There were differences in the literacy levels of various dimensions. Specifically, the literacy levels for cancer awareness, cancer prevention, early diagnosis and treatment, cancer management, and cancer rehabilitation were 37.45%, 48.74%, 63.40%, 79.04%,and 39.22%, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that residents aged 25-69, with an educational level of junior high school or above, working in government/public institutions, holding urban household registration, with an annual household income of ≥50 000 RMB, non-smokers, and with self-rated health statuses of poor, fair, or good were more likely to possess cancer prevention and control literacy. Conversely, residents with a household size of 4 or more, and those without a family history of cancer were less likely to possess such literacy. All these findings were statistically significant (P<0.05).

The literacy level among residents in Sichuan Province still needs to be improved, requiring enhanced public education on primary cancer prevention and rehabilitation management knowledge, with targeted awareness campaigns for key populations.

Understand the current situation of palliative care services in Chengdu, analyze existing problems, and provide policy recommendations for further promoting the development of palliative care.

Relying on the Chengdu Municipal Palliative Care Quality Control Center to conduct a cross-sectional survey and collect city-wide data related to palliative care.

Thirty-three medical institutions provide palliative care services, offering a total of 512 beds, with 188 physicians, 325 nurses, 179 nursing aides, 59 social workers, and 145 volunteers. Medical staff with a master’s degree or higher and those with an associate senior title or higher account for 8.96% and 10.92%, respectively. The establishment rates of psychology and nutrition departments are 24.24% and 51.52%, respectively. Outpatient palliative care services include four items such as condition assessment and medication consultation, while inpatient services cover eight items including symptom control and comfort care. Home-based palliative care services consist of four items such as communication guidance and condition assessment. In 2022, a total of 2 295 palliative care patients were admitted, with an average length of stay of 18.02 days and an average cost per admission of 9 840 yuan.

There is a relative shortage of highly qualified health professionals in palliative care, a severe insufficiency in psychological and nutritional support services, and underutilization of palliative care resources. It is imperative to improve the palliative care service system, strengthen the training of specialized personnel, place greater emphasis on nutritional and psychological support services, and enhance the efficiency of palliative care resource utilization.

To describe and analyze the willingness of married women of childbearing age in Guangxi to have children again and the factors affecting them, to understand the reproductive supporting policies expected by women of childbearing age, and to provide a reference basis for the government to optimize the reproductive policy and improve the supporting measures.

Based on the data from the Seventh National Health Service Survey of Guangxi in 2023, women aged 20-49 years old who were married with one or two children were taken as the study subjects, and their willingness to have another child and their influencing factors were analyzed by multifactorial logistic regression.

Of the 934 married women of childbearing age who had children, 12.10% had the desire to have another child. The results of multifactorial logistic regression analysis showed that the married fertile women aged 30-34 years(OR=0.241, 95%CI: 0.111-0.520), 35-39 years(OR=0.162, 95%CI: 0.075-0.350), 40-44 years(OR=0.066, 95%CI: 0.029-0.151), 45-49 years(OR=0.027, 95%CI: 0.011-0.070) and married women of childbearing age who already had two children(OR=0.094, 95%CI: 0.057-0.156) had a lower intention to have another child. The top reason for no longer wanting to have children was financial burden (73.91%). In the survey on complementary policies to address the desire to have more children, the accessibility of education resources and a lighter education burden (29.55%) ranked first.

In Guangxi, the overall willingness of married women of childbearing age to have children again is low, and economic factors are the most important reason affecting childbearing, so government departments need to improve the relevant policies on childbearing, education, housing subsidies and so on.

To analyze and quantify the evaluation of China’s hepatitis B prevention and control policies, providing a reference for the formulation and improvement of subsequent related policies.

Taking the hepatitis B prevention and control policies issued at the national level as the research object, with policy documents retrieved from official sources such as the PKULaw Database, the Chinese Government Website, and the National Health Commission, and a retrieval deadline up to December 1, 2024, text mining was conducted on the policy documents, while a PMC index model was constructed to quantitatively evaluate representative policies.

The average PMC score of 9 policies was 6.79, which was generally good,of which 1 was excellent, 6 were good, and 2 were qualified, the 9 policies were in the first-level variables X1 policy nature (0.89 points), X5 policy timeliness (0.89 points), The X7 policy receptor (0.89 points) scored high, and the X3 policy structure (0.58 points) and X6 policy domains (0.51 points) scored lower.

The overall quality of hepatitis B prevention and treatment policies in China is relatively high, but it needs to be further improved in terms of policy structure, policy areas, policy quantity, and issuing agencies.

To explore the influencing factors of medical staff’s active reporting of adverse medical events by using Logistic regression and decision tree models, and to provide corresponding solutions.

A total of 811 medical workers in a tertiary hospital were investigated by random sampling. Logistic regression and decision tree model were used to analyze the factors of active reporting of medical adverse events by medical staff, and the area under ROC curve was calculated to compare and judge the analysis effect of the two models.

Only 55.1% of the medical staff in this hospital have voluntarily reported medical adverse events. The results of the two models showed that occupation, working years, knowledge of the reporting process of the hospital, and whether additional work would be added to the cumbersome reporting procedures were the influencing factors for the active reporting of medical staff (P<0.05). The AUC of Logistic regression model was greater than that of decision tree model, and the difference was statistically significant (Z=3.424, P<0.001).

The rate of active reporting of medical adverse events by medical staff in this hospital is relatively low. It is suggested that multiple measures be taken to promote the active reporting by medical staff.

To explore the mediating effect of the number of chronic diseases and nighttime sleep duration on the relationship between somatic pain and depression in older adults, so as to provide reference for the improvement of older adults’ mental health.

Data from the China Health and Aged Care Tracking Survey (CHARLS) 2020 were used to explore the correlation between somatic pain, the number of chronic diseases, the number of hours of sleep at night, and depression among older adults by using Spearman’s rank correlation analysis, and the chain mediation effect was analyzed by using the Bootstrap method in the Process 4.1 program of SPSS.

A total of 4 109 study participants were included in this study, in which the depression detection rate was 46.90% and pain prevalence was 64.37%. The direct effect of somatic pain on depression was significant (β=0.480, 95%CI:0.429 to 0.532), the separate mediated effect of the number of chronic disease prevalence was significant (β=0.042,95%CI:0.030 to 0.056), and the separate mediated effect of the length of nocturnal sleep was significant (β=0.054, 95%CI:0.042 to 0.067). The chain-mediated effect of the number of chronic diseases and nighttime sleep duration was significant (β=0.002, 95%CI:0.001 to 0.004).

The number of chronic diseases and hours of nighttime sleep mediated the separate and chain-mediated effects between somatic pain and depression in older adults. Therefore, it is recommended to improve the geriatric health policy, incorporate geriatric pain assessment and management into the scope of basic public health services, focus on chronic disease management and sleep regulation in older adults, and realize the forward movement of depression prevention.

To analyze the tobacco epidemic status among residents in Nanshan District, Shenzhen, evaluate the effectiveness of tobacco control, and propose improvement strategies.

A multistage sampling method was used to select 1 969 households across the district for home visits and surveys. Weighted data analysis was performed using R 4.3.3 software.

The current smoking rate among residents in Nanshan District, Shenzhen, was 13.56% (95%CI: 10.01%-17.72%), which was lower than the level of Shenzhen City in 2022 (19.07%), with males having a higher rate than females (, P<0.01). The current use rate of e-cigarettes was 1.98%, with the age range concentrated between 25 and 44 years old, and the rate in males was higher than that in females (, P<0.05). The smoking cessation rate was 19.52% (95%CI: 11.69%-29.37%). The smoking cessation attempt rate was 55.01% (95%CI: 41.57%-67.98%). The main quitting method was dry quitting, 22.09% (95%CI: 14.66%-30.96%). The exposure rate to second-hand smoke was 57.17% (95%CI: 49.89%-64.25%). Among places with second-hand smoke exposure, the exposure rate in restaurants was the highest (33.23%) (95%CI: 28.46%-38.25%). In terms of awareness of the harms of smoking, 32.73% knew that smoking can cause impotence, and only 28.38% were aware of all four diseases (stroke, heart disease, lung cancer, and impotence) caused by smoking. The awareness rate of all three diseases (adult heart disease, children’s lung diseases, and adult lung cancer) caused by second-hand smoke exposure was 43.62%.

The smoking rate among residents in Nanshan District, Shenzhen City has been effectively controlled, but challenges persist, including youth-oriented e-cigarette use, severe second-hand smoke exposure, and insufficient awareness of tobacco-related harms. Strengthening enforcement of smoking bans in public spaces, improving smoking cessation services, and enhancing targeted health education are urgently needed.

Regarding the effect of alcohol intake on the risk of gout, existing studies have shown a diversity of conclusions. Therefore, we conducted Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis to assess the causal association between various types of alcohol intake and the risk of gout.

Instrumental Variables (IVs) were obtained from Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) databases. We used the TwoSampleMR package in R to perform MR analysis with the Inverse Variance Weighting (IVW) method. The Cochran Q test was employed to assess heterogeneity, and the intercept and P-value from MR-Egger regression were used to test and adjust for horizontal pleiotropy. Sensitivity analysis was conducted using the Leave-One-Out (LOO) method.

The MR analysis revealed a significant positive causal association between Beer/Cider Intake and Gout (logOR=1.187, 95%CI: 0.033 - 2.340, P=0.044). A significant negative causal association was found between White Wine Intake and Gout (logOR=-0.878,95%CI: -1.626--0.131, P=0.021). Similarly, Red Wine Consumption showed a significant negative causal association with gout (logOR=-6.514, 95%CI: -10.678--2.350, P=0.002). Fortified Wine Intake demonstrated a significant positive causal association with Gout (logOR=2.045,95%CI:0.097-3.994, P=0.040). When all types of alcohol were considered as a whole, a significant negative causal association with gout was observed (logOR=-1.462, 95%CI:-2.801--0.123, P=0.032). Spirits showed pleiotropy in relation to gout (P<0.05) and were therefore not included in the analysis.

The MR analysis results indicate that Beer/Cider Intake and Fortified Wine Intake may be a risk factor for the development of gout; Whereas White Wine Intake and Red Wine Consumption may reduce the incidence of gout. When all types of alcohol were considered as a whole, their consumption may reduce the risk of gout.

To promptly identify common respiratory viruses causing infections and facilitate effective therapeutic interventions in resource-limited settings such as grassroots, clinics, border areas, and border defense, this study established a visual detection method based on recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) technology and CRISPR/Cas12a (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated 12a) system.

Initially, conservative sequences of each virus target were designed, and RPA primers along with single-strand guide RNAs (sgRNAs) were selected. Subsequently, the RPA technology was integrated with the CRISPR/Cas12a detection method for visual detection of influenza A virus, influenza B virus, respiratory syncytial virus, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2, and human rhinovirus.

The detection method yielded results within 1.5 hours, with a sensitivity of 3.5 copies/μl plasmid, and exhibited no cross-reactivity between each virus target. In terms of detection accuracy, this method demonstrated higher consistency compared to the control Quantitative Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction, (qRT-PCR) method.

The visual detection method established in this study possesses good specificity and high sensitivity for the common five respiratory virus infections. It is suitable for on-site detection of common respiratory virus infections, especially in resource-limited environments, and holds promising clinical application prospects.

To construct a preliminary quality evaluation index system for the centralized hospitalization treatment of infectious tuberculosis (TB), and to provide a reference basis for further promoting centralized hospitalization treatment of TB.

Based on Donabedian’s “structure-process-result” theoretical framework, the Delphi method and analytic hierarchy process were used toconstruct the content of the index system and determine the weights of the indicators.

The active coefficients of experts in both rounds are 100%, the authority index of experts is 0.918 and 0.922, and the Kendall harmony coefficients of first level, second level, and third level indicators are 0.168(χ²=8.400, P=0.015), 0.174(χ²=104.355, P<0.001), and 0.112(χ²=232.560, P<0.001) respectively, the difference was statistically significant. The final index system consists of 3 primary indicators, 25 secondary indicators, and 84 tertiary indicators.

The quality evaluation index system of centralized hospitalization treatment for infectious tuberculosis constructed in this study has a high degree of representativeness and authority, with a more standardized construction of indicators and a more reasonable distribution of weights, which lays the foundation for subsequent research.

To analyze the status and influencing factors of medical care-seeking delay among tuberculosis patients in Zhuhai from 2005 to 2024, and to provide a basis for optimizing TB prevention and control strategies.

Information on registered PTB in Zhuhai from 2005 to 2024 was collected. A descriptive analysis was conducted on the characteristics of medical care-seeking delay. The Joinpoint regression model was used to analyze the trend of delay, and unconditional logistic regression was employed to analyze its influencing factors.

A total of 21 772 PTB cases were registered in Zhuhai from 2005 to 2024, with an overall delay rate of 33.73%. Comparative analysis showed statistically significant differences in delay rates among patients of different ethnicities, ages, occupations, household registration types, sources of patients, treatment categories, diagnostic results, and etiological test results (P<0.05). Compared with individuals under 25 years old, those aged 25-64 (OR=1.158, 95%CI: 1.068-1.256) and those aged 65 and above (OR=1.301, 95%CI:1.151-1.471) were at higher risk of delayed medical care-seeking. Factors associated with an increased risk of delay included local household registration (OR=1.303, 95%CI: 1.226-1.384), retreatment patients (OR=2.074, 95%CI: 1.907-2.257), tuberculous pleurisy (OR=1.508, 95%CI: 1.292-1.760), and bacteriologically positive TB (OR=1.207, 95%CI: 1.137-1.282). Protective factors against delay included active case finding (OR=0.413, 95% CI: 0.335-0.507), working in public places or commercial services (OR=0.803, 95%CI: 0.665-0.969), and being retired or unemployed (OR=0.818, 95%CI: 0.699-0.958).

The rate of delayed medical care-seeking among tuberculosis patients in Zhuhai is relatively high. Efforts should be made to improve the accessibility of medical services, enhance health education on PTB, and conduct active screening for key populations in order to further reduce the delay in seeking medical attention.

To explore whether the number of somatic pain sites serves as a mediator between the number of chronic conditions and depressive symptoms in older adults.

Based on data from the 2020 wave of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), 8 363 participants aged 60 and above were analyzed. The mediating role between variables was examined using Model 4 of the PROCESS 4.0 macro, and the Bootstrap method was applied for validation.

The prevalence of depressive symptoms among older adults reached 41.02%. An increase in both chronic disease count and pain site number was significantly associated with higher levels of depressive symptoms. (r₁=0.284, r₂=0.350, both P<0.001). A positive correlation was also observed between the number of chronic diseases and the number of pain sites (r₃=0.381, P<0.001).The mediation analysis results indicate that the number of pain sites (effect size=0.15, Bootstrap 95%CI: 0.13-0.18) mediated the relationship between the number of chronic diseases and depressive symptoms.

Both the number of chronic diseases and the number of pain sites are important factors influencing depressive symptoms in the elderly, with the number of pain sites playing a partial mediating role between the two. It is recommended to strengthen pain management in the elderly, regularly assess pain status, provide personalized interventions, and incorporate psychological support to enhance the quality of life and promote mental health in elderly individuals.

To analyze the risk factors for phlebitis caused by scalp vein indwelling needle infusion in children, providing a basis for reducing the clinical incidence of phlebitis.

We analyzed the medical records of 3 618 patients aged 0-24 months who received scalp vein indwelling needle infusion therapy at our hospital from January 2019 to June 2024. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the risk factors for phlebitis and its severity associated with scalp vein indwelling needle infusion.

During scalp vein indwelling needle infusion therapy, 311 patients developed phlebitis, with an incidence rate of 8.60%. Among them, there were 175 cases in Grade 1, 89 cases in Grade 2, 39 cases in Grade 3, and 8 cases in Grade 4. Multivariate regression analysis showed that age≤12 months(OR=3.579, 95%CI: 1.055-12.135), indwelling needle retention time≥48 hours (OR=7.142, 95%CI: 2.426-21.030), unsuccessful venipuncture (OR=5.658, 95%CI: 1.278-25.044), junior nursing staff performing venipuncture (OR=3.747, 95%CI: 1.107-12.681), use of irritating drugs (OR=3.877, 95%CI: 1.719-8.744), daily infusion volume≥1L (OR=2.413, 95%CI: 1.066-5.465), infusion drug temperature<35℃ (OR=3.391, 95%CI: 1.044-11.012), infusion drug speed≥60 drops/min (OR=3.684, 95%CI: 1.675-8.100), and drug pH not between 5 and 9 (OR=6.527, 95%CI: 2.212-19.258) were independent risk factors for the occurrence of phlebitis due to scalp vein indwelling needle infusion (P<0.05). Multivariate ordinal logistic regression results for phlebitis grading showed that factors such as age, indwelling needle retention time, smoothness of the puncture process, seniority of medical staff, use of irritating drugs, daily infusion volume, and infusion drug temperature were positively correlated with the severity of phlebitis. The presence of these factors significantly increased the risk of children developing higher grades of phlebitis.

For younger patients undergoing scalp vein infusion therapy, it is recommended to promptly adjust drug pH and temperature, and appropriately assign experienced nursing staff to perform procedures to reduce the clinical risk of phlebitis.

To investigate the dose-response relationship between neck circumference and hypertension using restricted cubic spline modeling.

The data for this study were sourced from the 2023 Zigong Respiratory Health Screening Program. A stratified random sample of Zigong residents aged 35 to 75 years was selected to participate in questionnaire surveys, physical measurements, and health examinations. Logistic regression and restricted cubic spline models were employed to investigate the relationship between neck circumference and hypertension.

A total of 4 142 participants aged 35-75 years were enrolled, with a hypertension prevalenceof 36.5%. After adjusting for confounders, the odds ratios (OR) associated with hypertension prevalencewas 1.20(95%CI: 1.01-1.43) for the low neck circumference group and 1.42(95%CI: 1.17-1.72) for the high neck circumference group. Restricted cubic spline analysis showed a U-shaped nonlinear dose-response relationship between neck circumference and prevalence of hypertension in the overall population and in the noncentrally obese population(P<0.001 for overall trend and P<0.05 for nonlinearity). In contrast, in the centrally obese population, a linear dose-response relationship was demonstrated between prevalence of hypertension and neck circumference(overall trend P<0.001, nonlinear P>0.05).

Neck circumference is strongly associated with hypertension and there is a U-shaped dose-response relationship.

To investigate the prevalence of physical-psychological-cognitive multimorbidity patterns and their impact on the risk of falls among older adults in China.

Data were drawn from the CHARLS 2018-2020. A total of 6 431 participants aged 60 years and older were included. Physical-psychological-cognitive multimorbidity patterns were assessed in 2018 using self-reported physician-diagnosed diseases, the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, and the Mini-Mental State Examination. Falls were assessed in 2020 by self-reported fall events in the past two years. Poisson regression models with robust standard errors were used to analyse the association between multimorbidity patterns and the risk of falls.

1 228(19.1%) out of 6 431 participants aged 60 years and older had experienced a fall in the past two years. In terms of the physical-psychological-cognitive multimorbidity pattern, the highest proportion of older adults had only physical illnesses (33.9%), followed by physical illnesses plus cognitive impairment (17.8%) and physical-psychological-cognitive multimorbidity (16.9%). The lowest proportions were observed for older adults with psychological illnesses plus cognitive impairment (2.2%) and those with only psychological illnesses (1.6%). Compared with older adults without any illnesses, the risk of falling increased by 73%(aRRs: 1.73, 95%CI: 1.33-2.26), 83%(aRRs: 1.83, 95%CI: 1.11-3.03), 70%(aRRs: 1.70, 95%CI: 1.29-2.23), 164%(aRRs: 2.64, 95%CI: 2.02-3.43), and 182%(aRRs: 2.82, 95%CI: 2.17-3.67) for those with only physical illnesses, only psychological illnesses, physical illnesses plus cognitive impairment, physical plus psychological illnesses, and physical-psychological-cognitive multimorbidity, respectively.

Most combinations of physical, psychological, and cognitive disorders increase the risk of falls in older adults. Compared with older adults without any illness, the risk of falling was significantly elevated for those with comorbid physical and psychological illnesses, and the risk was highest for those with physical-psychological-cognitive multimorbidity. Interventions are needed to reduce the risk of falls in older adults with physical-psychological-cognitive multimorbidity.

To investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and clinical practices of healthcare workers in the palliative care pilot area of Neijiang, Sichuan, regarding the concepts, functions, and goals of palliative care, and to provide evidence for developing a primary palliative care service model.

Seventy-two healthcare workers from six medical institutions in Neijiang’s pilot area were surveyed using a self-designed questionnaire validated by experts. The survey covered demographic characteristics, knowledge, attitudes, and clinical practices. Data were analyzed using SPSS 16.0 with descriptive statistics.

Participants were predominantly female (79.17%), with college degrees (54.17%) and junior titles (54.17%). Knowledge: 81.94% confused palliative care with hospice care, and only 4.17% recognized its focus on symptom control and social care; over 60% misunderstood service functions, with low awareness of morphine use (23.61% correct) and pain assessment (31.94% correct). Attitudes: 70% acknowledged the value of palliative care, with 44% citing stress from end-of-life care. Practices: Pain management (40.79%), patient/family communication (41.67%), institutional referrals (40.28% occasional), and death education (38.89% occasional) were inadequately performed.

Healthcare workers in Neijiang’s pilot area lack clear understanding and professional skills in palliative care, showing deficiencies in knowledge, implementation, and service delivery. Misconceptions and skill gaps hinder service development, necessitating enhanced training and model optimization.

To study the core competence of the doctor of public health in China and provide theoretical references for standardizing the training system and optimizing the training path of the doctor of public health.

Literature research was used to analyze the connotation, characteristics and promotion path of the core competence of the doctor of public health in China.

The core competence of the doctor of public health in China includes four dimensions: attitude, knowledge, skill and accomplishment. The core competence of the doctor of public health has 8 characteristics: systematism, integration, value, pluralism, dynamics, heterogeneity, research and application. The measures to improve the core competence of the doctor of public health are formed from three levels: the national macro system, the middle mode of colleges or universities, and the individual micro path of students.

The measures to train highly qualified doctor of public health and improve the core competence of the doctor of public health should be implemented. It provides reference for the selection, training and assessment of the public health doctor in a scientific way.