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To analyze the risk factors for phlebitis caused by scalp vein indwelling needle infusion in children, providing a basis for reducing the clinical incidence of phlebitis.
We analyzed the medical records of 3 618 patients aged 0-24 months who received scalp vein indwelling needle infusion therapy at our hospital from January 2019 to June 2024. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the risk factors for phlebitis and its severity associated with scalp vein indwelling needle infusion.
During scalp vein indwelling needle infusion therapy, 311 patients developed phlebitis, with an incidence rate of 8.60%. Among them, there were 175 cases in Grade 1, 89 cases in Grade 2, 39 cases in Grade 3, and 8 cases in Grade 4. Multivariate regression analysis showed that age≤12 months(OR=3.579, 95%CI: 1.055-12.135), indwelling needle retention time≥48 hours (OR=7.142, 95%CI: 2.426-21.030), unsuccessful venipuncture (OR=5.658, 95%CI: 1.278-25.044), junior nursing staff performing venipuncture (OR=3.747, 95%CI: 1.107-12.681), use of irritating drugs (OR=3.877, 95%CI: 1.719-8.744), daily infusion volume≥1L (OR=2.413, 95%CI: 1.066-5.465), infusion drug temperature<35℃ (OR=3.391, 95%CI: 1.044-11.012), infusion drug speed≥60 drops/min (OR=3.684, 95%CI: 1.675-8.100), and drug pH not between 5 and 9 (OR=6.527, 95%CI: 2.212-19.258) were independent risk factors for the occurrence of phlebitis due to scalp vein indwelling needle infusion (P<0.05). Multivariate ordinal logistic regression results for phlebitis grading showed that factors such as age, indwelling needle retention time, smoothness of the puncture process, seniority of medical staff, use of irritating drugs, daily infusion volume, and infusion drug temperature were positively correlated with the severity of phlebitis. The presence of these factors significantly increased the risk of children developing higher grades of phlebitis.
For younger patients undergoing scalp vein infusion therapy, it is recommended to promptly adjust drug pH and temperature, and appropriately assign experienced nursing staff to perform procedures to reduce the clinical risk of phlebitis.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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