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To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and incidence trend of respiratory infectious diseases in children aged 0-14 years in Lanzhou City, and provide reference for scientific prevention and control of children’s infectious diseases.
The surveillance data of respiratory infectious diseases in children aged 0-14 years in Lanzhou from 2014 to 2023 were collected through the China Disease Control and Prevention Information System. Descriptive epidemiological methods and Joinpoint regression model were used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics and incidence trends of respiratory infectious diseases.
A total of 40 347 cases of 9 kinds of respiratory infectious diseases in children aged 0-14 years were reported in Lanzhou from 2014 to 2023, resulting in an average annual reported incidence rate of 743.60 per 100 000. The overall reported incidence rate showed an upward trend (APC=AAPC=14.576 6%, P<0.05).The incidence rate of the disease among male children was 811.70 /100 000, while the incidence rate among female children was 656.74 /100 000, indicating that the rate in male children was significantly higher (χ2=443.64, P<0.001). Among different populations, the number of reported cases was highest among students, totaling 21 043 cases (accounting for 52.40%). The incidence of respiratory infectious diseases had a seasonal pattern in children aged 0-14 years in Lanzhou. The peak of incidence was from November to December (12 031 cases, accounting for 30.2%), followed by May to June (8 113 cases, accounting for 20.36%) and March (4 556 cases, accounting for 11.46%). Except for COVID-19 infection, the top five reported cases were chickenpox (298.94/100 000), influenza (261.34/100 000), mumps (93.99/100 000), scarlet fever (70.7/100 000) and measles (5.99/100 000). The influenza (11 897 cases, accounting for 38.80%) ranked the first in urban area, and chickenpox (4 964 cases, accounting for 54.90%) ranked the first in county (district), the difference was statistically significant (χ2=1 034.46, P<0.05).
The overall incidence of respiratory infectious diseases showed an upward trend, and the incidence had obvious seasonal characteristics in children aged 0-14 years in Lanzhou from 2014 to 2023. Chickenpox and influenza were the main respiratory infectious diseases. Monitoring of pediatric respiratory infectious diseases was emphasized, with a focus on key populations and regions. It is necessary to strengthen the surveillance of respiratory infectious diseases in children, pay attention to key populations and key areas, and effectively control the spread of respiratory infectious diseases in children.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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