To explore the causal relationship between age-related hearing loss and Alzheimer’s disease through two-sample Mendelian randomized analysis.
Inverse variance weighted, MR-Egger regression, weighted median, simple model, and weighted model were used to evaluate the relationship between age-related hearing loss and the risk of Alzheimer’s disease. Sensitivity analysis (pleiotropy, heterogeneity, and leave-one-out test) was used to evaluate the robustness of the results.
Statistical results showed that there was no causal association between age-related hearing loss and Alzheimer’s disease (inverse variance weighting method: OR=1.0526, 95%CI: 0.7155-1.5485; MR-Egger: OR=1.1347, 95%CI:0.2123-6.0660; weighted median method: OR=0.8908, 95%CI: 0.5281-1.5025; simple model method: OR=0.7157, 95%CI:0.2505-2.0445; weighted model method: OR=0.7470, 95%CI: 0.3153-1.7698). These results were consistent with that of Alzheimer’s disease proxy cases (inverse variance weighting method: OR=0.9560, 95%CI: 0.9008-1.0146; MR-Egger: OR=0.9887, 95%CI: 0.7729-1.2647; weighted median method: OR=0.9487, 95%CI: 0.8752-1.0283; simple model method: OR=0.9597, 95%CI: 0.8147-1.1305; Weighted model method: OR=0.9632, 95%CI: 0.8298-1.1179). Sensitivity analysis showed that there was no significant heterogeneity or pleiotropy, indicating that the results were robust.
There is no evidence that age-related hearing loss is associated with an increased risk of Alzheimer’s disease.
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |