Observational studies have proposed a link between frailty and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. However, the causal relationship between the two diseases needs further investigation.

The study data were drawn from the GWAS dataset, in which the frailty data contained 175 226 samples, by selecting SNPs closely related to frailty as instrumental variables. Two-sample MR was applied to assess causality between diseases. Inverse variance weighting (IVW) methods were used as the main analyses. MR-Egger intercepts, MR-PRESSO and funnel plots were also used to detect horizontal multi-effects, and sensitivity analyses were performed using the “leave-one-out” and Cochran’s Q tests simultaneously.

IVW analysis showed that frailty genetic susceptibility increased the risk of COPD, with odds ratios (OR) of 1.935 (95% CI:1.178-13.179; P=0.009). No horizontal pleiotropism was observed in MR-Egger intercept (P=0.757), MR-PRESSO and funnel plots detection. In the test of heterogeneity (P=0.952), no heterogeneity was observed in the funnel plot. The “leave-one-out” did not reveal a single SNP with a biased effect on the instrumental variable.

The study findings suggest a possible positive causal relationship between frailty and increased risk of developing COPD.

To further investigate the risk factors of Hyperuricemia(HUA) using Mendelian randomization study and its causal relationship, and to lay the theoretical foundation for the prevention and control of hyperuricemia.

In the first, we regarded the HUA-related factors as the exposure and the uric acid as outcomes, and two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis was made based on the data from genome-wide association study concerning European populations. Then, the variable possibly bearing a cause and effect relationship to the outcomes in the Mendelian study was further analyzed by multivariate Mendelian randomization analysis to determine the independent influence of the variables on the outcomes.

Two-sample Mendelian randomization study results showed that the increase in the body mass index, the triglycerides level and the pork consumption and the decrease in the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol could lead to the increase in the uric acid. Multivariate Mendelian randomization study results showed that the causality between the three factors including BMI(b=0.246, P=8.89×10^-9), HDL(b=-0.074, P=0.046) and TG(b=0.145, P=7.32×10^-5) and UA still held, while causality between pork consumption and UA showed no statistical significance(b=-0.074, P=0.096).

Body mass index, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride have a causal relationship with uric acid.

To know the status of childhood disabilities among middle-aged and old people in China and its influence, and to provide basis for prevention and rehabilitation of childhood disability.

The data were from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. The middle-aged and old people who participated in the baseline survey in 2011 and the newly visited middle-aged and old people who were included in the follow-up in 2013, 2015 and 2018 were selected as the research objects. The disability rate during their childhood was described, and the difference of education level, marriage, daily living ability between disability during childhood and adult were analysed.

Among the middle-aged and old people in China, the childhood disability rate was 20.36‰, and the rates of physical disability, intellectual disability, visual disability, hearing disability and speech disability were 8.47‰, 4.36‰, 3.57‰, 5.58‰, and 2.01‰, respectively. The number of childhood disabilities accounted for 12.2% of the total number of disabled people in the middle-aged and elderly. Among the people with disabilities in the childhood period, the proportion of males was higher than females, accounting for 54.1%. Most of the disabled people in the childhood period are from 0 to 6 years old, accounting for 58.2% of the disabled people from 0 to 17 years old. Compared with those with disabilities during childhood, those with disabilities in adulthood, with physical, intellectual, hearing, and speech disabilities had a higher proportion of impaired ADL in middle and old age. Those with visual, hearing, and speech disabilities in adulthood had a higher proportion of depressive symptoms in middle and old age. The differences were statistically significant by χ² test(P<0.05).

About 2% of the middle-aged and elderly people in China suffer from disability during their childhood. The impact of childhood disability runs through the whole life cycle. It is of great significance to take active prevention and rehabilitation measures for the childhood disabilities.

To use disability-adjusted life years(DALYs) to assess unequal differences in the burden of disease due to diabetes across global socioeconomic groups.

Number of DALYs due to diabetes, age-standardized DALYs rates from the GBD database, 1990-2019, and national Human Development Index(HDI) data from the Human Development Report 2021-2022 were collected. The relationship between age-standardized DALY rates and HDI was analyzed to understand socioeconomic differences in diabetes disease burden. Calculation of Annual Percentage Change(APC) and Average Annual Percentage Change(AAPC) to assess temporal trends in the burden of diabetes disease during recent decades.

From 1990-2019, the number of DALYs due to diabetes globally increased from 28.3 million to 69.9 million, an increase of 146.85%, with the fastest growth(206.49%) in Lower middle-income countries. The age-standardized DALYs rates were negatively correlated with HDI(r=-0.480, P<0.001). Countries with medium HDI exhibit higher DALYs rates due to diabetes mellitus. From 1990-2019, the average annual increase in the rate of age-standardized DALYs was 0.78%(AAPC=0.78%, 95% CI=0.74% to 0.81%), and the average annual increase in the age-standardized mortality rate was 0.46%(AAPC=0.46%, 95% CI=0.41%～0.51%).

The global burden of diabetes disease has increased substantially over the last few decades, with the fastest growth in Lower middle-income countries. The age-standardized burden was higher in developing countries. Although a slower increase in the burden of diabetes was observed, the persistence of the increase in the burden of disease suggests that more diabetes prevention programs and health-care services should be made available to developing countries.

To explore the correlation between visceral fat index(CVAI) and the incidence of diabetes in Chinese elderly population.

The data were obtained from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey(CHARLS) 2011 and 2015 waves. A total of 2 295 elderly people aged ≥60 years were included. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze the correlation between CVAI and the incidence of diabetes. The restricted cubic spline(RCS) method was used to test the dose-response relationship. Subgroup analysis was performed according to BMI.

333(14.50%) of the 2295 elderly participants developed diabetes during the 4-year follow-up period. CVAI were divided by quartiles. There were statistically significant differences in baseline FBG, HBA1c, SBP, DBP, TG, TC, HDL-C, LDL-C, UA, gender, smoking status, drinking status, hypertension history and follow-up incident diabetes among groups(P<0.05). Compared with the group with lowest quartile of CVAI Q1, the OR(95% CI) in the group the highest quartile of CVAI Q4 was 1.96(1.37-2.83). The restricted cubic splines model results showed that the higher CVAI accompanied by higher risk of incident diabetes in the elderly. Subgroup analysis showed that CVAI was independently associated with incident diabetes in both non-overweight and overweight/obese groups.

There is a positive association between CVAI the risk of diabetes mellitus in the elderly population. The control of visceral fat in the elderly is helpful to prevent the occurrence of diabetes.

To determine the trend of the incidence of Hepatitis B in Chengdu City during 2010 to 2021, and its ecological determinants.

Linear correlations between Hepatitis B incidence and ecological factors was analyzed using the data collected in Chengdu from 2010 to 2021. Principal component analysis was used to eliminate the independent variables’ multicollinearity, and establishing a multivariate linear regression model to determine the ecological predictors of Hepatitis B incidence.

The incidence of Hepatitis B in Chengdu decreased over the period of 2010-2021, from 50.03 per 100 000 to 24.81 per 100 000. multivariate linear regression showed the Results: The incidence of Hepatitis B decreased with the increases of Per capita disposable income(x₁/x₂) and expenditure on health care for urban/rural residents(x₃/x₄), per capita expenditure of rural residents on education, culture and entertainment(x₅), urbanization rate(x₈), per capita residential gross leasable area(x₉), birth rate(x₁₀), number of health institutions per 10 000 people(x₁₁), number of health technicians per 10 000 people(x₁₂), number of hospital beds per 10 000 people(x₁₃), average annual relative humidity(x₁₄). While it increased with the increase of urban/rural household Engel’s coefficient(x₆/x₇)(y=76.514-0.050x₁-0.184x₂-4.358x₃-6.161x₄-3.652x₅+0.821x₆+0.281x₇- 0.081x₈-0.404x₉-1.036x₁₀-0.360x₁₁-0.005x₁₂-0.075x₁₃-0.607x₁₄).

There is a linear relationship between hepatitis B incidence and social economic development, population, health resources and natural environmental factors, which could provide a basis for the prediction of hepatitis B incidence.

To understand the characteristics of atmospheric PM_2.5 pollution elements and their health risk assessment in Zhuhai in recent years, in order to provide relevant basis for pollution control in Zhuhai.

From April 2020 to March 2023, PM_2.5 samples were collected on a monthly basis in three administrative regions of Zhuhai City, with a total of 756 samples obtained. The elemental contents in PM_2.5 were analysed by ICP-MS.The health risks were calculated using the US EPA inhalation exposure model.

Monthly analysis of PM_2.5 samples in Zhuhai within the range of 34 elements.The mass concentrations of most elements were low in summer and high in winter.The annual average concentration of heavy metal elements in the three years of monitoring, from highest to lowest, was Zn(64.1 ng/m³) >Mn(14.22 ng/m³) >Pb(10.9 ng/m³) >Cu(6.57 ng/m³) >As(2.41 ng/m³) >Ni(1.91 ng/m³) >V(1.83 ng/m³) >Cr(1.62 ng/m³) >Sb(1.21 ng/m³) >Cd(0.54 ng/m³) >Tl(0.13 ng/m³)>Co(0.12 ng/m³)>Hg(4.88×10^-3ng/m³).Compared with previous studies in Zhuhai, the mass concentration of each element has decreased, but Sb, Al, As, Cr, Ni and Se had a trend of rising again.A health assessment was conducted on 6 carcinogenic elements Cr, Co, Ni, As, Mo and Cd, as well as 10 non carcinogenic elements Al, V, Mn, Cu, Zn, Se, Sb, Ba, Hg, and Pb. The results showed that the risk of non carcinogenic elements was at an acceptable level for the population(HQ≤1). Cr and As had a carcinogenic risk(R>10^-6).

The health risks of non carcinogenic elements PM_2.5 in the atmosphere of Zhuhai City are all at an acceptable level for the population. Cr and As pose a cancer risk and require special attention. From the perspective of element mass concentration, fuel and transportation pollution are still the key points of governance.

To investigate the effects of combined exposure to benzene mixture and noise on occupational noise-induced hearing loss in male workers.

This study focused on 1 283 male workers from a bus manufacturing company. A total of 889 workers exposed occupational noise were in the noise exposure group, and 394 workers exposed to both benzene mixture and noise were in the combined exposure group. Pure-tone air conduction threshold tests were conducted on both groups at six frequencies: 500 Hz, 1 000 Hz, 2 000 Hz, 3 000 Hz, 4 000 Hz, and 6 000 Hz. Then the differences in high-frequency and speech-frequency hearing loss between the two groups were compared and the impact of age, work experience, body mass index(BMI), smoking, alcohol consumption, hypertension, and exposure factors on hearing loss was analyzed.

The high-frequency and speech-frequency hearing loss in the combined exposure group were significantly higher than the noise group(P<0.01). As age increased, the detection rate of hearing loss also increased among the workers(P<0.01). Combined exposure to benzene and noise, age ≥40 years, work experience ≥20 years, and alcohol consumption were the risk factors for high-frequency hearing loss(P<0.01). Combined exposure to benzene and noise, age ≥40 years, and work experience of 10-20 years were the risk factors for speech-frequency hearing loss(P<0.01). Combined exposure to benzene and noise increased the risk of noise-induced hearing loss(NIHL) among the workers(OR for high-frequency=1.974, OR for speech-frequency=13.086).

Combined exposure to benzene and noise may have a synergistic effect on NIHL.

To analyze the hemoglobin (Hb) levels and anemia status of students in the Fujian Province Nutrition Improvement Plan area from 2021 to 2022, and to analyze their influencing factors.

A total of 8 895 students were selected for the study using multi-stage stratified random cluster sampling method. According to the WHO anemia diagnostic criteria, the Hb levels and anemia rates of students of different ages and genders were analyzed, and the logistic regression models was used to analyze possible influencing factors of anemia.

From 2021 to 2022, the average Hb of students in rural nutrition improvement plan areas in Fujian Province was 134.44g/L, and the anemia rate was 7.21%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that female students (OR=1.51, 95% CI: 1.28-1.78), schools located in townships or villages (OR=1.50, 95% CI: 1.71-1.91), schools with unified recipes provided by the education bureau (OR=3.80, 95%CI: 1.62-8.92), schools that have not conducted health education (OR=1.54, 95% CI: 0.09-0.62) and students who do not know how to prevent iron deficiency anemia (OR=1.29, 95% CI: 1.03-1.63) were risk factors for anemia among students; School canteens that provide meat at least 3 times a week for lunch (OR=0.74, 95% CI: 0.56-0.99), students who consume more than 14 table tennis balls per week (OR=0.78, 95% CI: 0.62-0.98), and students who consume ≥ 3 types of vegetables per day (OR=0.53, 95% CI: 0.32-0.89) were protective factors for anemia in students.

The anemia rate of students in rural compulsory education student nutrition improvement plan areas in Fujian Province is lower than the average level of implementing the national student nutrition improvement plan, but significantly higher than the anemia rate of children aged 6-17 nationwide. There is still great room for improvement in the anemia status of students, and targeted interventions are needed in future work to improve their anemia status.

To investigate the status of heavy metal pollution in lotus root samples in Shandong Province and to assess the health risk.

A total of 1 927 lotus root samples were collected by stratified random sampling method in 16 cities of Shandong Province. According to GB 5009.2682016 "Determination of Multi-elements in Food" and GB 5009.172014 "Determination of Total Mercury and Organic Mercury in Food", the contents of lead, cadmium, mercury, and arsenic in lotus root were determined and analyzed. The pollution index method was used to assess the pollution status of heavy metals in lotus roots, and the target hazard coefficient method and total target hazard coefficient method were used to quantitatively assess the health risks of heavy metals in lotus root to human health.

The four heavy metals in lotus root in Shandong Province were detected to varying degrees. The average values of lead, cadmium, mercury, and arsenic were 0.017 4, 0.004 6, 0.001 8, and 0.029 9 mg/kg, respectively. A total of 42 samples exceeding the standard were collected from 1 927 samples in this study, with an overall eligibility rate of 97.82%. The pollution index and comprehensive pollution index of the four heavy metals in lotus root were all lower than 0.7. The THQ and TTHQ values of the four heavy metals in adults and children were all less than 1.

The overall level of heavy metals in lotus roots in Shandong Province is relatively low. The health risks caused by heavy metals exposed by residents consuming lotus root are at an acceptable level, so it is suggested to continuously monitor the level of heavy metals in lotus root and evaluate its health risk.

To understand the changes of height and growth retardation of students in nutrition improvement plan areas from 2012 to 2021 since the implementation of "Nutrition Improvement Plan for Students receiving Compulsory Education in Rural areas" in 2011, so as to provide a theoretical basis for better improvement of students’ health status and further decision-making.

The stratified cluster sampling method was used to evaluate nutritional status of the students in the monitored schools in Hebei Province by physical examination, monitoring their height and calculating the growth retardation rate.

In 2021, the average height of male and female students in the same age group increased by 3.62cm and 2.65cm on average compared with 2012. The height increase of boys and girls in the same age group was statistically different (all P<0.01). From 2012 to 2021, the peak of average height increase for boys was between the ages of 12 and 13, with an added value of 5.7cm, while that of girls was between the age of 11 and 12, with an added value of 4.3cm. From 2012 to 2021, the growth retarding rates of boys and girls decreased year by year, and the Chi-square linear trend test showed that the difference was statistically significant (Chi-square linear trend test all P<0.005).

From 2012 to 2021, the average height of students aged 6 to 15 years old in the areas under the nutrition improvement plan of rural students in our province increased. However, since the baseline data in 2012 was higher than the national level in rural areas, the height has tended to be stable in recent years, so the average growth rate of students is lower than the national level, and the growth retardation rate of students shows a decreasing trend year by year, and the growth retardation rate is lower than the national average level.

To explore the impact mechanism of peer relationship networks in children and adolescents on overweight and obesity, and to provide some empirical basis for the health management and intervention of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents.

Based on a sampling survey data on overweight and obesity among children and adolescents aged 7-17 in Nanchong City of Sichuan Province, social network analysis, regression analysis, and Bayesian network models were used to analyze the specific impact mechanism of peer relationship networks on overweight and obesity.

Logistic regression showed that high personal popularity(OR=0.001, 95% CI=0-0.026) and high personal activity(OR=0.084, 95% CI=0.009-0.790) were associated with reduced detection of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents, with a relatively stronger correlation between personal activity and obesity. In addition, high household income(OR=19.237, 95% CI=3.799-97.403), high-energy dietary patterns(OR=21.660, 95% CI=1.600-292.904), sitting still for more than 8 hours(OR=10.395, 95% CI=2.013-53.687) increased the risk of overweight and obesity. Long exercise time(OR=0.085, 95% CI=0.019-0.378), both parents have attended college(OR=0.023, 95% CI=0.003-0.169), and mental health(OR=0.030, 95% CI=0.006-0.147) Children and adolescents with high sleep quality(OR=0.006, 95% CI=0.001-0.045) had a lower risk of developing overweight and obesity. The BIC score of the Bayesian network model was -3 954.8. When both individual activity and popularity were set at the 0:1:0 level, the detection probability of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents was 0.126, which was at the lowest level. Adjusting for other intervention variables under the recommended appropriate social network level(i.e. moderate popularity and moderate activity), with the best effect on controlling exercise duration, the likelihood of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents will decrease to 0.044. If social network indicators, dietary habits, exercise duration, psychological and sleep conditions were controlled simultaneously, the detection probability of overweight and obesity was 0, which will achieve the best expected prevention of overweight and obesity detection.

Strengthening social networks, changing lifestyle habits, and improving dietary quality may be important links in the prevention and treatment of obesity in children and adolescents. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the responsibility of government departments to accelerate the construction of a comprehensive overweight and obesity prevention and control system.

To analyze the influencing factors of condom use frequency and multiple sexual partners(two variables reflecting risky sexual behavior) among HIV-infected women of childbearing age in Xinjiang, and to explore the mediating effect of the "discrimination perception-anxiety-risky sexual behavior" path.

From September 2021 to September 2022, 231 HIV-infected women of childbearing age were selected from designated antiviral treatment institutions in Xinjiang Province by convenient sampling method. A questionnaire survey was conducted among them, and binary logistic regression was used to analyze the factors related to condom use and multiple sexual partners per sexual act. ROC curve and AUC value were used to evaluate the model effect. AMOS software was used to establish the mediating effect model of the discrimination-anxiety-risky behavior path.

Among the 231 participants, 25.41% were infected with multiple sexual partners, 36.4% used condoms every time they had sex, 47.6% were protected, and 52.4% were mild or vulnerable. Unclear HIV infection status of sexual partners(OR=12.515, 95% CI: 3.088-50.724), high perception of discrimination(OR=1.103, 95% CI: 1.052 -1.156) were risk factors for multiple sexual partners, and medication compliance was good(OR=0.338, 95% CI: 0.149-0.763) as a protective factor for multiple sexual partners; HIV positive OR unknown sexual partner(95% CI:0.049-0.499), rural domicile(OR=0.477, 95% CI:0.260-0.877), anxiety(OR=0.973, 95% CI:0.949-0.997) were the relevant factors for condom use; "Discrimination perception" could indirectly affect "risky sexual behavior" through "anxiety", and the indirect effect size of this path was 0.031, accounting for 10.8% of the total effect.

Low frequency of condom use and multiple sexual partners in HIV infected women of childbearing age in Xinjiang Province lead to the occurrence of risky sexual behaviors.

To describe the incidence of adverse birth outcomes in AIDS-infected parturients in Anhui province, and to analyze the effects of antiretroviral treatment, complications during pregnancy, and other socio-demographic factors on adverse birth outcomes.

Information of all HIV-infected mothers and their newborns in Anhui province from 2011 to 2023 was collected from the National Direct Reporting Information System for the Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of AIDS, Syphilis, and Hepatitis B. The risk factors of adverse birth outcomes among HIV-infected mothers were analyzed by Chi-square test and multiple logistic regression analysis.

In Anhui Province, the incidence of at least one adverse birth outcome, preterm birth, low birth weight, stillbirth/neonatal death, and birth defect was 13.9%, 9.0%, 8.2%, 2.6%, and 0.3%, respectively. The risk of total adverse birth outcomes was higher in AIDS-infected women with higher education (OR=2.770, 95% CI: 1.043-7.354), farmers (OR=2.877, 95% CI: 1.454-5.692), and moderate to severe anemia (OR=4.053, 95% CI: 1.411-11.643). Higher education level (OR=3.815, 95% CI: 1.145-12.705), occupation as a farmer (OR=2.763, 95% CI: 1.228-6.218), pregnancy combined with diabetes (OR=2.546, 95% CI: 1.025-6.325) promoted premature birth; The risk of low birth weight was higher in farmers (OR=2.626, 95% CI: 1.108-6.224), taking anti-HIV drugs (OR=12.949, 95% CI: 1.209-138.725), moderate to severe anemia (OR=4.281, 95% CI: 1.288-14.224) and pregnancy-induced hypertension (OR=4.880, 95% CI: 1.207-19.735). First marriage/divorce/widowhood (OR=0.264, 95% CI: 0.108-0.646) was associated with a lower risk of low birth weight than unmarried/cohabiting individuals. The effect of syphilis in pregnancy on stillbirth/neonatal death was statistically significant (OR=32.795, 95% CI: 1.178-913.003).

Further interventions are needed to improve pregnancy outcomes for women living with HIV.

To explore the association between adherence to community-based health management and glycemic control in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).

The study encompassed 2 171 T2DM patients engaged in community health management in Huai’an District, Jiangsu Province. Adherence across five domains—medication, diet, exercise, self-monitoring, and hospital medical check-ups—was evaluated using the Diabetes Regimen Adherence Questionnaire. Adherence was classified as good or poor based on median scores, while glycemic control was defined by HbA_1c levels below 7.0%. Logistic regression models were utilized to assess the association between health management adherence and glycemic control.

After adjusting for confounding factors, the OR for achieving glycemic control among patients with good adherence in medication, diet, exercise, self-monitoring, hospital medical check-ups, and overall adherence were 1.402(95% CI:1.173-1.677), 1.231(95% CI:1.030-1.471), 0.985(95% CI:0.821-1.183), 0.968(95% CI:0.806-1.162), 1.107(95% CI:0.924-1.326) and1.050(95% CI:0.880-1.252), respectively, compared to those with poor adherence. In a subsequent analysis excluding patients with concurrent hypertension, coronary heart disease, stroke, and tumors, the OR were 1.987(95% CI:1.321-2.990) for medication, 1.606(95% CI:1.077-2.397) for diet, 1.282(95% CI:0.867-1.895) for exercise, 1.378(95% CI:0.910-2.085) for self-monitoring, 1.663(95% CI:1.126-2.456) for hospital medical check-ups, and 1.593(95% CI:1.077-2.354) for overall adherence.

Improved adherence to community health management significantly enhances glycemic control in T2DM patients, with substantial improvements observed through meticulous adherence to medication and dietary guidelines.

To explore the prevalence and gender distinctions of metabolic syndrome in elder adults in urban communities and to provide targeted guidance on early intervention of metabolic syndrome.

The data were collected from the 2019 medical examination data of the elderly population aged 65 years or older in Qingyang District, Chengdu, China. Sociodemographic characteristics, health-related behavioral indicators, health self-assessment reports, and metabolic syndrome indicators were selected for the chi-square test and then multi-categorical logistic regression analysis using StataSE16.0 software.

The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 35.12% in total, with women (35.81%) having a higher rate compared to men (34.15%), and multifactorial regression analysis showed a higher risk for women, 70-79 years, smoking, and salt addiction. Model 2 and Model 3 regression analyses for men and women showed that partial mental partial physical labor, and maintaining exercise more than once a week were associated with a low risk of developing metabolic syndrome in old age in both male and female populations. Middle school (OR=1.27, 95% CI:1.12-1.44), High school (OR=1.26, 95% CI:1.10-1.45), smoking (OR=1.11, 95% CI:1.01-1.22), and alcohol occasionally (OR=1.15, 95%CI:1.04-1.27) were only associated with a high risk of developing metabolic syndrome in the male elderly population while education level at junior high school and above (OR=0.85, 95% CI:0.77-0.93), and satisfactory health self-assessment reports in older adults (OR=0.78, 95% CI:0.61-0.99) were only associated with a lower risk of the disease for women.

The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in older adults in urban communities is high, and there are significant gender differences. In the following prevention, control, and intervention work, we should strengthen personalized interventions, targeting and monitoring of key populations.

To apply Social Network Analysis(SNA) to analyze the characteristics of the social support network from 18 to 50 years old HIV/AIDS patients receiving community follow-up management in Luzhou City, and to provide a basis for the development of social support and health intervention work.

A quota sampling method was used, with young and middle-aged HIV/AIDS patients receiving community follow-up management in Luzhou City as the survey subjects. A social support network matrix questionnaire was designed, and a relationship matrix was constructed using Excel 2016. The social support network characteristics were analyzed using UCINET 6.0 software, and a 2-mode social network graph was drawn using Net-Draw.

The social support scores of 165 young and middle-aged HIV/AIDS patients who received community follow-up management in Luzhou City were 24.15±8.10, as follows: hospital(2.45), community(2.36), family(2.16), new media(1.65), traditional media(1.59), friends(1.47), relatives(1.30), social organizations(1.18), colleagues(0.95), and neighbors(0.83); The overall density matrix of the social support network is 1.59, with a core edge final goodness of fit of 0.61, indicating a good fit. Among them, hospitals and communities had the highest centrality and were located in the main core position, while family and new media were in the secondary core position. The rest were situated in the periphery.

The social support level of young and middle-aged HIV/AIDS patients receiving community follow-up management in Luzhou City is relatively low, mainly relying on support from hospitals, community health service centers, family, new media, and social organizations as supplementary sources. In the future, it is recommended to establish a social support network with hospitals and communities as the core, utilizing family members as bridges. Furthermore, expanding the social support network through social organizations and implementing internet-based health interventions can increase the variety and intensity of support, improve the patients’ quality of life, and also serve as a reference for other regions.

To measure the health human resource demand of maternal and child health institutions in China, and to analyze the spatial and temporal characteristics of maternal and child health human resource allocation.

The data of health personnel in maternal and child health care institutions from 2018 to 2022 were used, the health human resource density index was used to analyze the change trend of the allocation level of maternal and child health human resources in China from 2017 to 2021, and the actual demand, shortage and proportion of health personnel in maternal and child health institutions in 2021 were calculated. At the same time, global and local spatial autocorrelation was used to explore the spatial characteristics of the allocation level of maternal and child health human resources.

From 2017 to 2021, the density index of health personnel in maternal and child health institutions in China increased year by year, but the LISA diagram showed that the allocation of human resources among provinces was uneven, showing a ’east-west’ differentiation distribution. In 2021, the number of practicing(assistant) physicians per thousand population, registered nurses per thousand population, pharmacists per thousand population and technicians per thousand population in China were 11.30, 14.91, 1.31 and 2.73, respectively, and the ratio of doctors to nurses was 1∶1.32. The Global Moran index and Local Moran index of each health human resource index were greater than 0.

The number of health human resources in maternal and child health institutions in China is increasing, but the inter-regional allocation is not balanced. The internal structure of resource allocation needs to be optimized, and there is obvious spatial aggregation of the same attribute in resource allocation.

To explore the situation faced by the strategy of Healthy China in the new era and clarify its connotation, feature and logic.

Citespace was used to conduct the bibliometric analysis of the policy and to explain the theoretical connotation of Healthy China based on the literature review.

In the process of integrating health into the rural revitalization strategy, health poverty reduction was implemented. In the face of the great changes unseen in a century, the construction of Healthy China focused on the conceptual practice of systemic, holistic and synergistic, and enriched its value function, theoretical guidance and practical significance.

The study elaborates the history and experience of the health cause, the situation and requirements of the new era, the connotative features and logical rationale of the construction of a healthy China, and provides a reference for the construction of a theoretical system to comprehensively promote the construction of a healthy China and the development of innovative theories.

To investigate and analyze the situation of hospital acquired infection in surgical ward of Guizhou Province in 2022, and to provide direction and method for improving the prevention and control of hospital acquired infection.

The prevalence of hospital acquired infection in surgical wards of 186 medical institutions in the province from July to December 2022 was investigated by means of a cross-sectional survey and bedside survey combined with inpatient records.

A total of 27 046 patients were investigated, and 504 cases of hospital acquired infection occurred. The prevalence rate of hospital acquired infection was 1.86%, neurosurgery(4.43%) and cardio-thoracic surgery(3.25%) were the highest, and the difference of infection rate among different surgical systems was statistically significant(χ²=157.980, P<0.001). The main site of hospital acquired infection was respiratory tract(0.99%), surgical site(0.50%), skin and soft tissue(0.24%), and the incidence rate of different infection sites was statistically significant(P<0.05). The prevalence rate of hospital acquired infection in Class I incision was 3.42%. The highest utilization rate of antibiotics was 40.72% in cardio-thoracic surgery(13.01%) and neurosurgery(11.64%). The hospital acquired infection rate of Class I incision in different departments was significantly different(χ²=186.607, P<0.001). The main purpose of medication in surgical ward was treatment(26.10%), and the rate of pre-medication examination in surgical ward was 33.41% for single medication(36.06%).

The incidence rate of hospital acquired infection in surgical ward shows a decreasing trend. Cardio-thoracic surgery and neurosurgery are still the most common departments causing hospital acquired infection of respiratory tract and incision-like surgical site infection.

To examine the association between time to first cigarette (TTFC) after waking and hypertension in males.

The baseline data of 587 male current smokers in Rongchang district were collected from the China Multi-Ethnic Cohort(CMEC) Study in Rongchang. The association between TTFC after waking and hypertension was conducted by multivariate logistic regression.

TTFC ≤5 minutes, 6-30 minutes, 31-60 minutes and > 60 minutes accounted for 34.24%, 26.75%, 16.70% and 22.31%. The prevalence of hypertension among 587 participants were 59.20%, 40.76%, 35.71%, 29.01%. Compared with TTFC>60 min after waking, TTFC<5min(OR=3.691, 95% CI: 2.176-6.259) and 6-30 min(OR=1.876, 95% CI: 1.236-2.911) were risk factors of hypertension after adjusting for confounding factors.

The short TTFC after waking is associated with a higher risk of hypertension. It is helpful to evaluate the risk of hypertension and make targeted smoking cessation plan according to TTFC.

To investigating the impact of Financial Burden on Health-Related Quality of Life in elderly patients with Chronic Comorbid Conditions and its mechanisms.

A convenience sample of 493 chronic comorbid patients was extracted from two community health service centers in Yanji City. General information was collected using a questionnaire, and the Patient Experiences with Primary Care (ASPC) scale, Comprehensive Score of Financial Burden (COST), Herth Hope Scale, and SF-36 Health Survey were utilized for the investigation.Univariate analysis, partial correlation analysis, and testing a moderated mediation model was conducted.

(1) Financial Burden significantly predicted HRQoL(β=0.32, 95% CI:0.24-0.40, P<0.001);(2) Hope level partially mediated the relationship between Financial Burden and HRQoL (β=0.12, 95% CI:0.08-0.16, P<0.001), accounting for 37% of the total effect; (3) The direct predictive effect of Financial Burden on health-related quality of life (β=0.07, 95% CI:0.01-0.14，P<0.05) and the mediating role of hope in their relationship(β=0.13，95% CI：0.05-0.21，P<0.01) were both moderated by the core features of comprehensive primary care.

This study reveals the mechanism by which Financial Burden impacts HRQoL in elderly patients with chronic comorbidities. The findings emphasize the importance of enhancing economic support and hope levels for this patient group and highlight the role of comprehensive primary care function in mitigating the adverse effects of Financial Burden on HRQoL. These insights contribute to providing more comprehensive and effective medical services to patients with chronic comorbidities, alleviating the impact of Financial Burden, and enhancing their overall quality of life.

To realize rapid qualitative and quantitative detection of 13 triterpenoids in Wolfiporia cocos from Yunnan by ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry.

Triterpenoids in Wolfiporia cocos were extracted by ultrasonic extraction (methanol). The separation was carried on an ACQUITY UPLC © HSS C18 column (2.1 mm×50mm, 1.7μm) with, 10 mmol/L ammonium formate-0.1% formic acid aqueous solution and acetonitrile as mobile phase. The gradient elution flow rate was 0.5ml/min, with the column temperature of 30℃. Negative ion multiple reaction monitoring mode was used for detection. Qualitative and quantitative analysis using secondary mass spectrometry and accurate molecular weight.

13 triterpenoids in Wolfiporia cocos were good with in the linear ranges (r≥0.99). The spiked recoveries were from 80.35% to 116.92%, with relative standard deviations of 1.88% to 9.7%. 13 triterpenoids were detected in Wolfiporia cocos samples, and the total contents were between 79 433-85 900 mg/kg.

The method is simple, accurate, efficient and sensitive, and it is suitable for the qualitative and quantitative detection of 13 triterpenoids in Wolfiporia cocos.

To establish a model for predicting the risk of visual disability in patients with diabetic retinopathy and verify it externally.

A total of 383 DR Patients who received ophthalmology treatment in a tertiary eye hospital in Anhui Province from April to December 2022 were conveniently selected as the modeling group to construct a visual disability risk prediction model and test the prediction effect. It was convenient to select 165 patients with diabetic retinopathy from January 2023 to April 2023 in this hospital as the verification group for external verification.

The incidence of visual disability in the modeling group was 51.70%. Gender, living style, whether suffering from other chronic diseases, regular revisit, DR Stage, number of diseased eyes, intraocular pressure value and family history of diabetes were the influencing factors(P< 0.05). The final regression equation was as follows: Logit(P) =－8.825+0.797×sex－0.874×residence style+1.504×whether you have other chronic diseases－0.871×whether you have regular follow－up visits +0.743×DR Stage+1.250×number of diseased eyes+0.166×intraocular pressure value +0.920×family history of diabetes. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test of the modeling group showed that x²=12.861, P=0.117, area under ROC curve was 0.838, 95% CI(0.795, 0.882), sensitivity was 0.737, specificity was 0.809. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test of the verification group showed that x²=15.141, P=0.056, area under ROC curve was 0.785, 95%CI was 0.704 - 0.866, sensitivity was 0.795, specificity was 0.727, accuracy was 75.76%.

The prediction effect of this model is good, and it can provide reference for clinical evaluation of the risk of visual disability in diabetic retinopathy patients.

To construct the Bayesian network model of H-type hypertension in middle-aged and elderly people, and to explore the influencing factors of H-type hypertension and the network relationship between factors, and the strength of each influencing factor on H-type hypertension.

A total of 1 119 middle-aged and elderly people who underwent physical examination in the hospital health management center from May 2022 to April 2023 were selected as the research objects and relevant data were collected. Univariate logistic regression analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis models were used for preliminary screening of variables, “bnlearn” Bayesian network software package was used for model construction, and Netica software was used for model inference.

Logistic regression analysis model was used to screen the variables, such as age, gender, education level, smoking, drinking, body mass index(BMI), fasting blood glucose, etc. FBG, total cholesterol(TC), triglyceride(TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol((HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C) and uric acid(UA) were included in the Bayesian network model. A Bayesian network model of H-type hypertension related factors in middle-aged and elderly people with 13 nodes and 16 directed edges was constructed by using 12 selected variables as network nodes. Age, FBG, TG, HDL-C and BMI were directly related to H-type hypertension, while gender, smoking, drinking, educational level, TC, LDL-C and UA were indirectly related to H-type hypertension. When the age was≥60years old, FBG≥6.85 mmol/L, BMI≥24.83 kg/m², HDL-C≥1.02 mmol/L, TG<1.6 mmol/L, the risk of H-type hypertension reached 0.565.

The Bayesian network model reveals the direct and indirect factors and correlation strength of H-type hypertension in middle-aged and elderly people, clarifies the complex network relationship between factors, and provides a scientific basis for early prevention of H-type hypertension in middle-aged and elderly people.

To understand the concentration of formaldehyde pollution in indoor air of four types of public places in Shijiazhuang City, and to assess the chronic non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks of employees in various types of places.

Using the monitoring data of health hazards in public places, we analyzed the concentration levels of formaldehyde in the indoor air of swimming pools, barber stores, beauty stores, and hotels in Shijiazhuang City in 2021-2022, and evaluated the chronic non-cancer and cancer risks of formaldehyde for employees in the above four types of public places by adopting the classic "four-step" health risk assessment model of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency(US EPA).

From 2021 to 2022, a total of 169 swimming pools, barber stores, beauty stores and hotels were randomly selected, with a total sample size of 485 formaldehyde tests, and the overall pass rate was 91.34%. The pass rate of formaldehyde concentration in the indoor air of swimming pools in the above four types of public places was 100%(161/161), 93.10%(27/29) for barber stores, 90.09%(20/22) for beauty stores and 86.08%(235/273) for guesthouses(hotels), with statistically significant differences(χ²=24.931, P<0.001); the mean value of the HQ of the chronic non-carcinogenic effect of formaldehyde for practitioners in swimming pools was less than 1, and that for practitioners in the other three types of public places was greater than 1, and swimming pools, Hairdressers, beauty stores, and hotels, the cancer risk values of formaldehyde for employees were 1.90×10^-5, 8.19×10^-5, 1.13×10^-4, and 5.63×10^-5, respectively, which were higher than the limit value(1×10^-6) set by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency(US EPA).

Exposure to formaldehyde in the indoor air of swimming pools in Shijiazhuang City doesn’t exceed the threshold for adverse reactions, and the chronic non-carcinogenic risk of formaldehyde for practitioners in this type of venue is low.There was a certain amount of chronic non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risk for practitioners in barber stores, beauty stores, and guesthouses, and the risk value of formaldehyde for practitioners in the beauty category of venues is the highest, and it should be analyzed in further studies.

To evaluate the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the Social Connectedness Scale-Revised(SCS-R) in order to provide correct way of its application among psychiatric patients.

A convenience sampling method was employed to select 345 patients with different types of mental disorders from K Hospital in Shenzhen. The patients’ general demographic information and disease conditions were collected, and Chinese version SCS-R was used to assess their social connectedness status. Cronbach α and split-half reliability were calculated to evaluate the reliability of SCS-R. Structural, convergent, discriminant, and discriminative validity were performed to measure the validity. The sample was randomly divided into half, exploratory factor analysis was used to explore the internal dimension of SCS-R, and confirmatory factor analysis was used to compare the scale structure explored and compared with the other three existing scale structures.

The Cronbach α coefficients for the total scale, social connectedness, non-social connectedness, and integration sense sub scales were 0.922, 0.904, 0.887 and 0.740, respectively. The split-half coefficients were 0.908, 0.918, 0.875 and 0.760, respectively. Exploratory factor analysis identified a three-factor structure, and confirmatory factor analysis showed that the scale structure developed in this study had a better fit than the other three and could explain 62.253% of the total variance. Both convergent validity and discriminant validity had success rates of calibration experiment as 100%. The correlation coefficients indicated good discriminative validity for the three dimensions of the scale.

The Chinese version of the SCS-R scale has shown good reliability and validity among psychiatric patients, making it suitable for evaluating the social connectedness of this population.

To evaluate the association between abnormal renal function indicators (SUA and eGFR) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

Based on 2017-2021 Beijing Health Management Cohort, the cross-lagged panel model was used to investigate the causal temporal relationship between abnormal SUA and glomerular filtration rate and the onset of NAFLD.

(1) Increased SUA and NAFLD: ① Path coefficients from baseline SUA to follow-up HSI were statistically significant in both the general population (β=0.018, 95% CI: 0.003-0.032) and BMI≥24 kg/m² (β=0.051, 95% CI: 0.032-0.070), but not the other way around. ② Path coefficients from baseline SUA to follow-up HSI (β=0.048, 95% CI: 0.028-0.068) and baseline HSI to follow-up SUA (β=0.023, 95% CI: 0.005-0.041) were statistically significant in BMI<24 kg/m². (2) eGFR abnormalities and NAFLD: ① Path coefficients from baseline HSI to follow-up eGFR were statistically significant in both the general population (β=0.024, 95% CI: 0.012-0.036) and BMI≥24 kg/m² population (β=0.035, 95% CI: 0.018-0.052), but not the other way around. ② In BMI<24 kg/m², the path coefficients from baseline eGFR to follow-up HSI and baseline HSI to follow-up eGFR were not statistically significant.

In the general population and BMI≥24 kg/m², the abnormal SUA is earlier than the incidence of NAFLD, and the incidence of NAFLD may affect the subsequent glomerular filtration rate. In people with normal BMI, the onset of NAFLD is associated with elevated SUA, but not with abnormal glomerular filtration rate.

To explore the relationship among self-perceived burden, family resilience and quality of life in patients with ovarian cancer, and to analyze the potential role of family resilience between self-perceived burden and quality of life.

Ovarian cancer patients hospitalized in the oncology departments of two tertiary hospitals in Sichuan Province from May 2022 to January 2023 were selected as the research subjects, and the general information questionnaire, family resilience assessment scale (FRAS), self-perceived burden scale of cancer patients (SPBS-CP), and ovarian cancer quality of life scale (FACT-O) were used to conduct questionnaire surveys. SPSS 22.0 was used for descriptive analysis, correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis. PROCESS 3.4 was used to analyze the mediating effect of family resilience between self-perceived burden and quality of life, and the Bootstrap method was used to test the mediating effect.

The family resilience score of ovarian cancer patients was (140.61±15.82), self-perceived burden was (59.46±19.95), and quality of life was (91.52±32.01). There was a positive correlation between family resilience and quality of life in patients with ovarian cancer (r=0.464, P<0.01), and the self-perceived burden was negatively correlated with family resilience and quality of life (r=-0.385, -0.439, P<0.01). Family resilience had a partial mediating effect between ovarian cancer patients’ self-perceived burden and quality of life, and the mediating effect accounted for 30.35% of the total effect.

The self-perceived burden of ovarian cancer patients is at a moderate level, family resilience is at a lower middle level, and the quality of life needs to be improved. It is recommended that healthcare professionals improve the quality of life by enhancing family resilience and reducing the burden of self-perception through health education methods such as enhancing family support, establishing coping beliefs, and promoting family communication.

To discuss the correlation between urinary metal elements and kidney stones in Miao population in Guizhou Province since there are few studies on the association between urine metal concentration and the risk of kidney stones in ethnic minorities.

In this study, 3 933 Miao people were sampled from the cohort database of natural populations living in ethnic minority areas in southwest China, and the concentrations of urine metals(arsenic, cadmium, cobalt, chromium, copper, iron, mercury, lithium, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, lead, strontium, vanadium and zinc) were detected by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The urinary metal concentration was divided into four groups: Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4, and the relationship between the exposure of a single metal to the risk of kidney stones was analyzed by binary logistic regression model, and the dose-response relationship between the concentration of monometals and the risk of kidney stones was explored by restriction cubic spline.

The detection rate of kidney stones of Miao ethnic group in Guizhou Province was 20.59%, the detection rate of male was 18.27%, and the detection rate of female was 22.02%. The results of the binary logistic regression model showed that when the covariate was not adjusted. In Miao women, after adjusting the covariate, the Q1 exposure group was used as the reference, and the chromium Q4 group(OR=0.534, 95% CI: 0.337-0.846) was used. Lead Q3 group(OR=0.546, 95% CI: 0.400-0.745); Lead Q4 group(OR=0.657, 95% CI: 0.482-0.895) was negatively correlated with the risk of kidney stones. In Miao men, after adjusting for covariates, manganese Q4 group(OR=1.911, 95% CI: 1.274-2.867) was positively correlated with the risk of kidney stones. Further restriction cubic spline analysis showed that there was a dose-response relationship between urine chromium and the risk of kidney stones in Miao women(P<0.05). There was no dose-response relationship between urine lead and the risk of kidney stones(P>0.05), and in Miao men, there was a dose-response relationship between urinary manganese and the risk of kidney stones(P<0.05).

Heavy metals in urine affect kidney stones which supports the view that metal exposure plays a role in the development of kidney stones.

To provide scientific basis for formulating strategies to improve the health management of medical personnel, we analyze the resilience level, coping styles, and influencing factors of 2 100 medical personnel under sudden public health emergencies.

Using the convenience sampling method, 22 medical institutions were selected from Pudong New Area, Shanghai, and a self-designed electronic survey questionnaire was distributed based on the professional characteristics of medical personnel, the resilience scale of medical personnel, and the coping style scale.

The total score of medical staffs’ resilience was 71.246±11.442. The total score of medical staffs’ coping style was 58.614±11.493. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that the main factors affecting the resilience level of medical staff were hospital type (social health service center t=1.966, P=0.049), employment form (contract system t=4.031, P<0.001), professional title (intermediate professional title t=2.749, P=0.006), marital status (married t=3.471, P=0.001), monthly income (5 000-10 000 t=2153, P=0.031, >10 000 t=2.475, P=0.013), received psychological training (t=6.295, P<0.001). The main factors affecting the coping style level of medical personnel were hospital type (social health service center t=2.612, P=0.009), time of medical activity (11-20 years social health service center t=2.484, P=0.013, >20 years t=2.594, P=0.010), employment form (contract system t=3.716, P<0.001), professional title (intermediate professional title t=2.268, P=0.023), psychological training received (t=6.338, P<0.001) and occupational type (management t=2.218, P=0.027).

The level of resilience and coping style of medical personnel need to be improved. Meanwhile, hospital type, employment form, professional title, marital status and psychological training are the influencing factors of resilience and coping style of medical personnel.