The prevention and treatment of malignant tumors has always been a hot topic for oncologists around the world. Mitochondrion is a key organelle that can regulate the internal metabolism of tumor cells and always affect the occurrence and development of tumors. Apoptosis is an important regulatory mechanism for cells to maintain their internal environment. Mitochondrial apoptosis pathway is one of the main pathways to promote apoptosis，and the induction of mitochondrial apoptosis in tumor cells is an important target for anti-tumor. Studies have shown that the active ingredients of many Chinese medicines，such as flavonoids，lactones，alkaloids，terpenoids，glycosides and quinones，can increase the expressions of pro-apoptotic proteins such as Bax，Bad and Bim，and decrease the expressions of anti-apoptotic proteins such as Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL，down-regulate the mitochondrial membrane potential level，increase the permeability of mitochondrial membrane，release a large number of apoptotic factors，activate the Caspase cascade reaction，and finally induce the endogenous apoptotic pathway of tumor cells，and inhibit the proliferation and invasion of tumor cells by regulating PI3K/AKT，TLR9/MyD88，p38 MAPK，ERK1/2，Notch/JAK/STAT and other signaling pathways. This article summarized the research results of the specific mechanism of the active ingredients of Chinese medicines regulating the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway in recent years，and discussed the aspects of the active ingredients of Chinese medicines regulating the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway to enhance the anti-tumor effect，in order to provide new research ideas for the anti-tumor treatment of traditional Chinese medicine and further improve the effectiveness of clinical anti-tumor treatment.

Simiao Pill（四妙丸）is a representative prescription for the treatment of dampness-heat pouring down syndrome，which has the effects of clearing heat and dampness，relaxing muscles and strengthening bones，and is mostly used in the treatment of gout，rheumatoid arthritis，synovitis，Henoch-Schonlein purpura，eczema，vaginitis and other diseases. On the basis of summarizing the research progress of the chemical composition，pharmacological effects and clinical application of Simiao Pill，the prediction analysis of quality marker（Q-Marker）was carried out according to the“five principles”of Q-Marker of traditional Chinese medicine，and the results showed that phellodendrine，magnolidine，rhizoline，parmatine，berberine，phellodenolide，phellodenone，atractylodes，atractylodes，β-eucalyptol，triglyceride palmitate，γ-sitosterol，adenosine，oleanolic acid，hyssosterol and β-ecdysterol can be used as Q-markers for Simiao Pill，which can provide a reference for follow-up studies such as the quality control of Simiao Pill and their related preparations.

Mitochondria are important organelles of the cell and the sites where the cell produces energy. Studies have shown that mitochondria have the ability to induce apoptosis，and mitochondria-targeted therapy is a new tumor treatment with potential ability. Tumor mortality rate is increasing year by year，seriously threatening people＇s physical and mental health. Clinical and fundamental research studies have already proved that Chinese medicine is effective in tumor treatment，and its advantages of low toxicity and high efficiency，multi-pathway and multi-targeting have made it more and more popular in the clinic. Chinese medicine monomer saponins，such as ginsenoside，escin，α-hederin，Polyphyllin，Platycodin D and so on，can induce apoptosis of tumor cells by endogenous pathway through the regulation of mitochondria，promotion of the expressions of Bax，caspases，cytochrome Cand inhibition of the expression of the Bcl-2 family of proteins，thus exerting an anti-tumor effect. In this paper，it summarized and screened the research results on the regulation of mitochondrial apoptosis by monomer saponins of traditional Chinese medicine in recent years，and took mitochondrial apoptosis as the starting point to introduce the mechanism of mitochondrial apoptosis in detail by monomer saponins of Chinese medicine with a view to exploring the new direction of Chinese medicine in the field of tumor therapy，and helping to promote the modernization of traditional Chinese medicine in the development of the field of tumor therapy.

Mass spectrometry imaging technology is a combination of mass spectrometry and imaging technology，which converts mass spectrometry signals into visualized images with spatial distribution characteristics through imaging software. In recent years，mass spectrometry imaging technology has been widely used for the analysis of plant tissue metabolites，providing new ideas and methods for the research of traditional Chinese medicinal plants. This article provided a review in three parts. Firstly，it reviewed matrix assisted laser ionization desorption mass spectrometry imaging（MADLI）technology，secondary ion mass spectrometry imaging（SIMS）technology，Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry Imaging（DESI）technology and the principle of nanostructure induced mass spectrometry imaging technology were summarized. Secondly，the application examples of mass spectrometry imaging technology in the visualization analysis and identification of metabolites in traditional Chinese medicinal plants as well as the biosynthesis pathways of active ingredients were reviewed. Finally，the advantages and limitations of mass spectrometry imaging technology were summarized，and further prospects were made for the application of mass spectrometry imaging technology in traditional Chinese medicinal plants.

Renshen（Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma）is the dried root and rhizome of plant Renshen（Panax ginseng C. A. Mey.）. The main chemical components include saponins，polysaccharides，polyynols，volatile oils，proteins，peptides，amino acids，etc. In this paper，based on the summary of the chemical composition and pharmacological effects of Renshen（Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma）regulating immune function and the principle of quality marker（Q-Marker），the plant affinity，the effectiveness of chemical components，the specificity and the compatibility of compound formulae were predicted and analyzed. Ginsenosides，polysaccharides，proteins and volatile oils were the Q-Markers of Renshen（Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma）regulating immune function，and ginsenosides Rg1，Re，Rb1，Rg3，Rh1，Rh2，Rd，CK，Ro，Rg5，ginseng D-glucose，galactose，arabinose and ginsekyl can be selected as alternative substances for a single component，which can provide a certain quality control method reference.

Digestive system diseases are a common type of diseases in clinical practice，and the characteristics of these diseases are complex and related. Traditional Chinese medicine is guided by the concept of“holistic concept”and“syndrome differentiation and treatment”，which has the advantages of high safety，good efficacy and small adverse reactions in the treatment of digestive diseases. Huangqin Decoction（黄芩汤，HQD），originated from the ancestor of the formula book Treatiseon Miscellaneous Diseases of The Typhoid Fever，has been widely used in digestive system diseases because of its multiple pharmacological effects. Through reviewing the clinical application of HQD and experimental research literature，the author has found that HQD can regulate multiple signaling pathways to achieve anti-inflammatory effects. HQD can regulate inflammation-related signals such as JAK/STAT-related signaling pathway，MAPK related signaling pathway and NF-κB-related signaling pathway，as well as macrophage phenotypic changes to play an anti-inflammatory role，and the use of the above pathways can reduce the levels of pro-inflammatory factors in the serum in order to achieve the anti-inflammatory effect of the formula. The unique anti-inflammatory advantages of HQD are widely used in digestive system diseases，because the inflammatory environment of the human body plays an important role in the“inflammation-cancer transformation”in the process of disease development. Therefore，the formula is commonly used in the treatment of inflammatory diseases such as ulcerative colitis，primary hepatocellular carcinoma，gastric carcinoma，acute enteritis and other inflammatory diseases in the clinic. Therefore，this article summarized the anti-inflammatory effect and clinical application of HQD，with a view to providing reference and ideas for the expansion of clinical application and further in-depth study of this formula.

Qingqianliu［Cyclocarya paliurus（Batal.）Ijinskaja］is a plant of the genus Cyclocarya of the Juglandaceae family，and it is a rare and precious species found only in China. Its roots，branches and leaves all have medicinal value and are known to have insect-killing，itch-stopping，anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving properties. Its chemical composition mainly includes polysaccharides，flavonoids，triterpenoids，phenolic acids and so on. It has a variety of pharmacological effects such as hypoglycemia，hypotension，hypolipidemia，antioxidant，anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective. By summarizing the research progress of chemical composition and pharmacological effects of Qingqianliu［Cyclocarya paliurus（Batal.）Ijinskaja］and combining with the theory of quality marker（Q-Marker），the Q-Marker of Qingqianliu［Cyclocarya paliurus（Batal.）Ijinskaja］was predicted and analyzed from various perspectives，such as chemical composition uniqueness，traditional medicinal efficacy，chemical composition measurability，blood-entry components and network pharmacological evaluation. The results revealed that polysaccharides，flavonoids and triterpenoids can be used as potential species of Qingqianliu［Cyclocarya paliurus（Batal.）Ijinskaja］quality markers. It was initially hypothesized that dammarane-type triterpenoids（such as cyclocarioside A，cyclocarioside I and cyclocarioside Z5-Z8），isoquercitrin，quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucuronide，kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucuronide，luteolin，apigenin，arjunolic acid，cyclocaric acid B，p-coumaric acid，4，5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid，chlorogenic acid and rosmarinic acid can be used as the Q-Marker of Qingqianliu［Cyclocarya paliurus（Batal.）Ijinskaja］. The results provided a reference for the establishment of a systematic quality evaluation system of Qingqianliu［Cyclocarya paliurus（Batal.）Ijinskaja］and a guiding role in ensuring the quality of Qingqianliu［Cyclocarya paliurus（Batal.）Ijinskaja］，and further promoted the rational development and application of Qingqianliu［Cyclocarya paliurus（Batal.）Ijinskaja］.

Ruxiang（Frankincense）is a traditional Chinese medicine that enhances blood circulation，reduces swelling and promotes muscle growth. It is rich in triterpenes，diterpenes，volatile oils and other chemical compounds. However，raw Ruxiang（Frankincense）is toxic and can cause adverse reactions such as allergic rhinitis，eczema，nausea，joint pain，diarrhea and fever. Ruxiang（Frankincense）shows toxicity in liver，heart，kidneys and embryos of experimental animals. This presents a significant challenge to its safe use and development in clinical settings.“Vinegar-processing into liver”as a traditional Chinese medicine processing theory is widespread in clinical applications. Nowadays，the toxicity of raw Ruxiang（Frankincense）is reduced by vinegar processing. Vinegar-processing Ruxiang（Frankincense）is the only processed product in Chinese Pharmacopoeia. It has lower irritability than raw Ruxiang（Frankincense）. However，the toxic components of Ruxiang（Frankincense）are currently unknown，and the quality of the processed products is uneven. This paper reviewed a large number of ancient books and modern literature to study the toxicity and processing of Ruxiang（Frankincense）. It collated and inducted relevant literature，elaborating on the clinical adverse reactions of Ruxiang（Frankincense），the toxic components，the current status of toxicology research and the research on processing technology and vinegar-processing for toxicity reduction mechanisms. It is expected to provide research ideas for quality evaluation，rational development，safe application and the mechanism of vinegar-processing to reduce the toxicity of Ruxiang（Frankincense）. It is of great theoretical importance and practical value for the scientific interpretation of traditional processing theory and the optimization of the processing in traditional Chinese medicine.