Latest ArticlesChirality is a common phenomenon in nature. Many components of traditional Chinese medicine have chiral centers，and the pharmacological activity of drugs is closely related to the chiral structure. In recent years，a large number of traditional Chinese medicine chiral drugs have been applied to the clinic. Undoubtedly，“chirality”has attracted wide attention in the safe use of traditional Chinese medicine. From this，it can be seen that studying the forms and mechanisms of chiral components in traditional Chinese medicine is crucial for in-depth exploration of its pharmacology and efficacy. And it is of great significance for drug development and safe use in the field of traditional Chinese medicine. In order to have a better understanding of chiral components，this paper summarized the research progress on research status，the characteristics of the existence，biological activity，toxicity and other aspects of chiral components of traditional Chinese medicine，for the purpose of providing references for the activity evaluation of chiral components of traditional Chinese medicine and the improvementof quality standards of traditional Chinese medicine.
This review summarized the effects of acupotomy therapy on the mechanism of immune inflammation in knee osteoarthritis. Knee osteoarthritis has become a worldwide problem due to its high disease rate and disability rate. Acupotomy therapy is unique amongmany therapies because of its characteristics of efficiency，convenience and economy. With the deepening of research，it is found that the acupotomy may regulate inflammatory factors in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis：（1）regulating pro-inflammatory factors，such as pro-inflammatory factors such as tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α），interleukin（IL）and so on；inducing nuclear factor-kB（NF-kB），Janus kinase（JAK）/signal transducer and activator of transcription（STAT），phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase（PI3K）/protein kinase B（AKT），mitogen-activated protein kinase（MAPK）and other signaling pathways to reduce inflammatory response；（2）regulating anti-inflammatory factors，such as interleukin-4（IL-4），interleukin-10（IL-10），to affect the JAK/STAT and PI3K/AKT signaling pathway to produce anti-inflammatory effects. In conclusion，by sorting out the mechanism of immune inflammatory and the intervention of acupotomy therapy in knee osteoarthritis，it provided more evidence and thoughts for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis.
To observe the effects of Huangqi（Astragali Radix）on the expressions of key enzymes in the vitamin D system（CYP27B1，CYP24A1）and the levels of1，25（OH）2D3 and IL-22 in the skin lesions of amouse psoriasis likemodel induced by imiquimod.
Successfully modeled mice were random ly divided into amodel control group，a vitamin D group，a methotrexate group and Huangqi（Astragali Radix）low，medium and high dose groups. A normal control group was also established，and the continuous intervention was given for 3 weeks. The skin lesions were evaluated by psoriasis area and severity index（PASI）. Hematoxylin-eosin stain（HE）staining was used to observe the pathological changes of mouse skin lesions. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA）detected the levels of serum 1，25（OH）2D3 and IL-22 in mice. Real TimeqPCR and immunohistochemistry methods were used to detect the mRNA and protein expressions of CYP27B1 and CYP24A1 in mouse skin lesions，respectively.
Compared with the normal control group，themodel group showed significant changes in skin lesions，a significant increase in PASI score（P<0.05），characteristic pathological changes in psoriasis，a significant decrease in serum 1，25（OH）2D3 levels（P<0.05），a significant increase in IL-22 levels（P<0.05），a significant down-regulation of CYP27B1 expression in skin lesions（P<0.05），and a significantup-regulation of CYP24A1 expression（P<0.05）. Compared with the model control group，the PASI scores of the Huangqi（Astragali Radix）medium and high dose groups，the vitamin D group and methotrexate group，were significantly reduced（P<0.05），and the tissue pathology improved. The levels of 1，25（OH）2D3 were significantly increased（P<0.05），and the levels of IL-22 were significantly reduced（P<0.05）. The expression of CYP27B1 in skin lesions was significantly up-regulated（P<0.05），and the expression of CYP24A1 was significantly down-regulated（P<0.05）.
Huangqi（Astragali Radix）can improveIL-22 levels in psoriasismice，which may be related to regulating the expression of key enzymes CYP27B1 and CYP24A1 in the vitamin D system.
Using Box-Behnken design response surfacemethodology to optimize the preparation process parameters of magnololwhey protein isolate nanoparticles（MAG-WPINPs），and to characterize their formulation and evaluate their antioxidant and antibacterialeffects.
MAG-WPI-NPswere prepared using a desolvation method，with encapsulation efficiency as the evaluation index. The preparation process parameters were optimized using a single factor combined with Box-Behnken design response surface methodology. The optimized MAG-WPI-NPs were characterized by their morphology，particle size，potential and other physicochemical properties. The free radical scavenging ability of 1，1-diphenyl-2-trinitrophenyl hydrazine（DPPH）and its ability to inhibit Escherichia coli were evaluated.
The optimal preparation process parameters included a volume ratio of12：1 for anti solvent/solvent，a feed ratio of12：1 for whey protein/magnolol，and a probe time of 1.5 minutes. The prepared MAG-WPI-NPs had a clear，transparent and slightly bluish appearance. Under transmission electron microscopy，the nanoparticles appear spherical with an average particle size of（227.33±0.02）nm. The potential was（-23.6±0.02）mV，the encapsulation efficiency was（98.57±0.46）%，the drug loading was（8.57±0.001）%，and the polydispersity index（PDI）was（0.1369±0.26）%. MAG-WPI-NPs had DPPH radical scavenging effects，Escherichia coli inhibitory effects，and were more potent than free drugs.
This study prepared a natural food grade self-assembled MAG-WPI-NPs. The preparation method was simple，safe and non-toxic，significantly improving the poorwater solubility and low bioavailability of magnolol and laying the foundation for the clinical application of magnolol.
To explore the preventive effect of Ziyin Yishen Decoction（滋阴益肾汤）on postoperative cerebral vasospasm（CVS）in perimenopausal female patients with intracranial aneurysms undergoing interventional therapy，and the influence of the levels of serum vascular cell adhesion molecule 1（sVCAM-1）and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1（sICAM-1）.
Sixty perimenopausal female patients with intracranial aneurysms who underwent microsurgery in the hospital from July 2021 to March 2023 were divided into the control group（30 cases）and the observation group（30 cases）. The control group was treated with nimodipine，while the observation group additionally received Ziyin Yishen Decoction on the basis of the control group. The treatment course for two groups was 14 days. The treatment efficacy and postoperative CVS incidence between two groupswere compared. Before and after treatment，the BI score and NIHSS score，the levels ofmiddle cerebral artery blood flow velocity（VMCA）and endothelin-1（ET-1）as well as the levels of serum sVCAM-1 and sICAM-1 were evaluated.
The effective rate of the observation group was higher than that of the control group（P<0.05）. The incidence of postoperative CVS in the observation group was lower than that of the control group（P<0.05）. After treatment，BIscore and the level of VMCA of two groups were higher than those before treatment，while the NIHSS score，the levels of ET-1，sVCAM-1 and sICAM-1 were lower than those before treatment（P<0.05）. BIscore and the level of VMCA of the observation group were higher than those of the control group，while the NIHSS score，the levels of ET-1，sVCAM-1 and sICAM-1 were lower than those of the control group（P<0.05）.
Ziyin Yishen Decoction has a significant therapeutic effecton perimenopausal female patients undergoing interventional therapy for intracranial aneurysms. It can reduce the occurrence of postoperative CVSand lower the serum levels of sVCAM-1 and sICAM-1，worthy of clinical reference.
This study aimed to elucidate themechanism of the combined use of Yinyanghuo（Epimedii Folium）and Nluvuzhenzi（Ligustrum lucidum Fructus）in enhancing the suppression of endogenous glucocorticoids（GC）in asthmatic rats.
Male SD ratswere randomly divided into five groups：normal，model，Yinyanghuo，luvyuzhenziand compatibility groups. An asthmatic ratmodelwas established using sensitization and stimulation with ovalbumin，followed by a two-week drug treatment via gavage. The serum levels of corticotropin releasing hormone（CRH），adrenocorticotropic hormone（ACTH）and corticosterone（CORT）were assessed using enzyme immunoassay. Targeted metabolomics was used to detect endogenous glucocorticoid（GC）metabolism levels in urine. Immunohistochemical staining was employed to identify protein markers of pulmonary hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 11β1（HSD11B1），hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 11β2（HSD11B2）and the expressions of cytochrome P450 family 11 subfamily Bmember 1（CYP11B1）and steroid generation factor 1（SF1）in the adrenal gland. Western blotting was used to ascertain the protein expressions of CYP11B1，SF1，HSD11B1 and HSD11B2 in liver tissue.
Yinyanghuo（Epimedii Folium）and Nluvuzhenzi（Ligustrum lucidum Fructus）alone or in combination can elevate the levels of serum CRH，ACTH and CORT，ameliorate urinary endogenous GC metabolic disorders，up-regulate the expressions of HSD11B1 and HSD11B2 proteins in lung tissue，CYP11B1 and SF1 proteins in the adrenal gland，and the protein expressions of HSD11B2 and CYP11B1 in liver tissue of the model rats.
The effects of Yinyanghuo（Epimedii Folium）and Nluvuzhenzi（Ligustrum lucidum Fructus）in the treatment of asthma are associated with the regulation of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis inhibition，the modulation of key factors in the GC synthesis ormetabolization pathway，the up-regulation of endogenous GC levels，and the improvement of endogenous GC disorders.
Sini Powder（四逆散），a renowned formula from ZHANG Zhongjing’s Shanghan Lun in the Han Dynasty. Its main functions are to dispel evils and relieve depression and soothe liver and regulate spleen. Its medicinal attributes，therapeutic efficacy and sophisticated formulation are all centered on the principle of“harmonizing”. As a classic prescription，Sini Powder exhibits extensive clinical potential and significant research value regarding its mechanism of action. With the advancement of traditional Chinese medicine within the realm ofmodernmedical science，Sini Powder has shown considerable progress in both clinical applications and mechanistic understanding. It is extensively utilized in addressing neurological disorders，gastrointestinal diseases，gynecological conditions and other medical fields，demonstrating notable therapeutic efficacy. From a pharmacological perspective，Sini Powder exerts a range of activities，including antidepressant，sedative-hypnotic，hepatoprotective，antineoplastic and anti-inflammatory effects，characterized by its multi-target and multi-pathway therapeutic approach. This review synthesized recent studies by domestic and international researchers on the clinical applications and mechanisms of Sini Powder，thereby providing amore robust scientific foundation for its clinical use.
To provide new ideas for the intercultural dissemination of traditional Chinese medicine through the study of translation strategies for cultural-loaded terms related to the five movements and six Qi in the Yellow Emperor＇s Inner Canon·Suwen.
Taking the cultural-loaded terms of the Five Movements and Six Qias the research object，tracing the Chinese meanings of cultural-loaded terms based on the records in Historical Records by SIMA Qian and The History of the Han Dynasty. Taking the translations of NIMaoxin，LIZhaoguo and YANG Mingshan as a reference，two types of translations were proposed：literal translation and transliteration.
The foreignization translation of cultural-loaded terms in the theory of Five Movements and Six Qi preserved and reflected the characteristics of Chinese language and language style. The use of transliteration and literal translation methods to convey the content of the original text can enhance the readability and comprehensibility of the translation.
The translation of cultural-loaded terms in the theory of Five Movements and Six Qishould bemainly based on the strategy of foreignization，combined with various translation methods，in order to achieve intercultural dissemination and promote the wider dissemination and exchange of traditional Chinese medicine culture.
Chenpi（Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium）has a long history of edible and medicinal use and iswidely used in clinic. In 2024，the Catalogue of Medicinal and Food Homology defines Chenpi（Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium）as a dual use for medicine and food，which is good for drying dampness and strengthening spleen，regulating Qi and eliminating phlegm. Phlegmdampness constitution is the“common soil”of various metabolic diseases，and phlegm is the source ofall diseases，which is often mixed with other pathogenic factors. Therefore，improving the bias of phlegm-dampness constitution and preventing the formation and transmission of phlegm-dampness related diseases have become one of the focuses of modern doctors. Therefore，this paper respectively researched the ancient and modern application of Chenpi（Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium）for food and medicine，explored its effect on the improvement of phlegm-dampness“physical soil-disease occurrence”，and initially explored the relationship between Chenpi（Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium）for food and medicine，in order to provide reference and basis for clinical application.
As a unique therapy in traditional Chinese medicine，the analgesic effect of press needle is not only based on the theory of Zang-Fu organs and meridians in traditional Chinese medicine，but also corresponds to the neurophysiological principles of modern medicine. According to the theory of traditional Chinese medicine，the pain is often caused by disharmony of Qi and blood，aswell as blockage of meridians，leading to pain due to lack of nourishment or blockage. Press needle stimulates acupoints，regulates Qi and blood，dredgesmeridians and moistens tendons and meridians through the skin-collaterals-defensive Qi-tendons，thus achieving the analgesic effect. The modern medical mechanisms mainly include the influence of acupuncture on the neuro-endocrine conduction pathway，cytokines and local connective tissue，producing analgesic，anti-inflammatory and soothing effects. In clinical applications，press needle can quickly relieve pain and improve the quality of life of patients with internal diseases such as headache and stomachache. In the field of surgery，press needle has significant therapeutic effects on postoperative pain，traumatic pain，etc. In obstetrics and gynecology，press needle has a good inhibitory effecton dysmenorrhea and uterine contraction pain. In pediatrics，press needle is welcomed by parents for its non-invasive，painless and effective characteristics. In addition，for intractable pain such as cancer pain，press needle can also alleviate symptoms and improve the quality of life of patients，showing promising prospects. This article summarized the clinical application of press needle in the treatment of pain diseases，aiming to further promote the deep exploration，research and promotion of press needle analgesia therapy among clinical practitioners.
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