The differential metabolites of Sangshen（Mori Fructus）with different maturities were studied to provide reference for the determination of Sangshen（Mori Fructus）harvest time.

Based on the metabolo micsmethod，the changes of chemical components in Sangshen（Mori Fructus）with different maturities were explored.The data of secondary metabolites in mulberry fruits was collected by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole/exactive Orbitrap mass spectrometry（UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS）.Multivariate statistical analysis methods such as principal component analysis（PCA）and partial least squares discriminant analysis（PLS-DA）were used to explore the differences in metabolic components of Sangshen（Mori Fructus）with different maturities.

There were significant differences in the metabolites of Sangshen（Mori Fructus）with different maturities.A total of176 compounds in 11 categories were screened.Flavonoids and organic acids accounted for 23.30% and 21.02%，respectively.The contents of most screened flavonoids and organic acid differential metabolites increased with the increase of maturity，and the flavonoids and organic acid metabolites of Sangshen（Mori Fructus）of different germplasms were different.The contents of extract，total flavonoids，total polyphenols and rutin in the mature stage were higher than those in the immature stage.The antioxidant activity in the mature stage was stronger than that in the immature stage.The content of chlorogenic acid in the immature stage was higher than that in the mature stage，and the inhibitory effectonα-glucosidase was also stronger than that in the mature stage.

There are obvious differences in the metabolites of Sangshen（Mori Fructus）with different maturities.The contents of chemical components in Sangshen（Mori Fructus）are related to different maturities.Based on the antioxidant effect，it is better to harvest when Sangshen（Mori Fructus）is dark purple（mature）.Based on the hypoglycemic effect，it is better to harvest when the Sangshen（Mori Fructus）becomes red（immature），which provides a basis for the quality control of Sangshen（Mori Fructus）and the determination of harvesting time.

To study the effects of Yifei JianpiRecipe（益肺健脾方）on aquaporin 3（AQP3），aquaporin 5（AQP5）and mucin 5AC（MUC5AC）in bronchial and lung tissues of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease（COPD）model ratswith lung and spleen deficiency syndrome.

Sprague-dawley rats were randomly segmented into blank group，model group，ambroxol group，dexamethasone group and Yifei Jianpi Recipe high，medium and low dose groups.The COPD ratmodel of lung and spleen deficiency was created by fumigation combined with lipopolysaccharide tracheal drip and Senna gavage and the pathologic morphology of bronchopulmonary tissues in rats was observed by hematoxylin-eosin（HE）staining and Alcian Blue-Periodic Acid Schiff（AB-PAS）staining，and the m RNA expressions of AQP3，AQP5 and MUC5AC in ratbronchopulmonary tissueswere detected by RT-qPCR，and protein expressions of AQP3，AQP5 and MUC5ACwere detected by Western Blot and immunohisto chemistry（IHC）methods，the mRNA expressions of AQP3，AQP5 and MUC5AC in rat bronchopulmonary tissues were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction（RT-qPCR），and the protein expressions of AQP3，AQP5 and MUC5AC in rat bronchopulmonary tissues were detected by Western Blotand IHC methods.

Compared with those in the sham group，the bronchopulmonary tissues of rats in themodel group showed different degrees of damage，and HE staining demonstrated that there were tangible inflammatory cell infiltration in the airways of rats，and AB-PASstaining reviewed thata good deal of cupshaped cell hyperplasia could be seen in the bronchial tubes of rats.ThemRNA and protein expressions of AQP3 and AQP5 were significantly decreased and MUC5AC mRNA and protein expressions were clearly increased in the model group（P<0.01）.Compared with those in the modelgroup，the inflammatory pathology damage of the bronchopulmonary tissues and the proliferation of cup cells in the rats of each dose group showed different degrees of improvement，and the m RNA and protein expressions of AQP3 and AQP5 were increased to different degrees.Among them，the Yifei Jianpi Recipe high dose group，the aminoglossum group and the dexamethasone group showed significant and comparable levels of increase（P<0.05）；the MUC5AC mRNA and protein expressions were reduced to different degrees，among which the ambroxol group，the dexamethasone group and the Yifei Jianpi Recipe high dose group showed significant and comparable reductions（P<0.01）.

Yifei Jianpi Recipe can inhibit airway mucus hypersecretion and reduce airway inflammation in COPD model rats with lung and spleen deficiency syndrome，and its mechanism is related to up-regulation of AQP3 and AQP5 and down-regulation of MUC5AC transcription and expression.

To investigate the effects of preparation and processing methods on the contents of oil components in Dihuang（Rehmanniae Radix）and clarify the correlation between oil components with medicinal properties，in order to provide guidance for processing research and clinical application.

The extraction of volatile oil refers to the volatile oil determination method A in the 2020 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia，and the Soxhlet method was used to extract fatty oil.Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry（GC-MS）was used to identify the oil components and their relative contents.Thermographic analysis was used to clarify the characteristics of the influence of different preparation and processing methods on oil components.Combined with literature review，the correlation of processing，preparation，components and properties was discussed.

The oil components weremainly fatty acids.The order of the extraction rate of fatty oil was fresh Dihuang（Rehmanniae Radix）>raw Dihuang（Rehmanniae Radix）>steaming with wine≈stewing with wine>steaming and exposing nine times with Sharen（Amomi Fructus）>steaming without ingredients，and the order of the volatile oil extraction rate was stewing with wine>steaming with wine>steaming and exposing nine times with Sharen（Amomi Fructus）>raw Dihuang（Rehmanniae Radix）≈steaming without ingredients>fresh Dihuang（Rehmanniae Radix）.The heatmap analysis of fatty oil and volatile oil showed that Shudihuang（Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata）stewing with wine and that steaming and exposing nine times with Sharen（Amomi Fructus）were clustered one category.

The changes and adjustments of the types and relative contents of oil componentswere important material basis for the differences in medicinal property of Dihuang（Rehmanniae Radix）processed products.Adding wine，Sharen（Amomi Fructus）or increasing steaming and exposing times were helpful in reducing the cold nature of Dihuang（Rehmanniae Radix），and the greasy nature of Shudihuang（Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata），and enhance thewarming-reinforcing effect.The volatile oil components in different products of Dihuang（Rehmanniae Radix）were the material basis of their“Qiwei”.

To study the effect of Wendantang Huacaifang（WDTHCF）on atrial energy metabolic remodeling in paroxysmal atrial fibrillation（PAF）rats based on fatty acid metabolic pathway.

Male SD rats were selected and randomly divided into the normal group，the model group，the WDTHCF low，medium and high dose groups，and the amiodarone hydrochloride group，and the PAF model was induced by using Ach-CaCl_2.After the model was successfully established，the WDTHCF low，medium and high dose groups and amiodarone hydrochloride were given by gavage.The duration of atrial fibrillation was monitored using electrocardiography.The formation of atrial lipid droplets was detected by oil-red O staining.The contents of free fatty acid（FFA）and triglyceride（TG）of atrial tissues were detected.RT-qPCR was used to detect the mRNA expressions of aAMP-activated protein kinase（AMPK），acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase（ACC），carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1B（CPT-1B），fatty acid translocase/cluster of differentiation 36（FAT/CD36），fatty acid transport protein（FATP）and fatty acid binding protein 3（FABP3）.Western blot was used to detect the protein expressions of AMPK，p-AMPK，ACC，p-ACC and CPT-1B and immunohistochemistry method was used to detect myocardial translocation of atrial FAT/CD36.

Compared with the normal group，the rats in themodel group showed increased duration of AF（P<0.05），elevated contents of FFA and TG in the atria（P<0.05），significant lipid droplet formation in the atria，decreased mRNA expressions of AMPK，ACC，CPT-1B，FAT/CD36，FATP and FABP3（P<0.05），and decreased atrial tissue AMPK phosphorylation，ACC phosphorylation and relative protein expression of CPT-1B were significantly reduced（P<0.05），and the membrane translocation of FAT/CD36 in the atria was reduced（P<0.05）.After treatment with WDTHCF，PAF duration was shortened（P<0.05），and the contents of FFA and TG in the atria decreased（P<0.05），lipid droplet formation in atria decreased，the mRNA expressions of AMPK，ACC，CPT-1B，FAT/CD36，FATP and FABP3 in atrial tissues were elevated（P<0.05），and the relative protein expressions of AMPK phosphorylation，ACC phosphorylation and CPT-1B in atrial tissues were elevated（P<0.05），and the membrane translocation of FAT/CD36 in atria was increased.

WDTHCF improved atrial energy metabolic remodeling in phlegm-turbid and bloodstasis type of PAF rats through AMPK regulating the ACC/CPT-1Bmediated fatty acid metabolism pathway.

To investigate the effectiveness of acupuncture at scalp acupoint penetration acupuncture combined with warming needle moxibustion in improving cognitive function and quality of life in patients with vascular dementia（VD）.

A total of124 patients with Qistagnation and blood stasis type of VD admitted to the hospital between August2017 and July 2019 were selected and divided into the needle therapy group（scalp acupoint penetration acupuncture combined with warming needle moxibustion）and the drug group（butylphthalide soft capsule），62 each in each.Both groups were treated for a total of6 weeks.The clinicalefficacy，traditional Chinese medicine syndrome scores，mini-mental state examination（MMSE），Hasegawa dementia status scale（HDS-R），functional activity questionnaire for social functioning（FAQ），activities of daily living（ADL）and adverse effects occurrence results were observed and recorded for comparison.

The total efficiency of the needle therapy group（82.26%）was significantly higher than thatof the drug group（61.29%）（P<0.05）.Before treatment，the differences in traditional Chinese medicine syndrome scores，the scores of MMSE，HDS-R，FAQ and ADL between the needle therapy group and the drug group were notstatistically significant（P>0.05）.After treatment，the traditional Chinese medicine syndrome scores and FAQ scores were significantly lower（P<0.05），and the scores of MMSE，HDS-R and ADL were significantly higher（P<0.05），and the traditional Chinese medicine syndrome scores and FAQ scores in the needle therapy group were significantly lower than those in the drug group（P<0.05），and the scores of MMSE，HDS-R and ADL in the needle therapy group were significantly greater than those in the drug group（P<0.05）.The differences in the incidence of the total adverse reactions between the needle therapy group and the drug group were not statistically significant（P>0.05）.

The efficacy of scalp acupoint penetration acupuncture combined with warming needle moxibustion in treating VD can effectively improve the patients'cognitive function and quality of life，with good safety，which is worthy of clinical promotion and application.

To observe the effect of Yinzhihuang Granules（茵栀黄颗粒）combined with ursodeoxycholic acid on the efficacy and liver function of patients with chronic jaundice hepatitis B.

A totalof132 patientswith chronic jaundice hepatitis B were enrolled in the hospital and random ly divided into observation group and control group according to the random number table method，with 66 cases in each group.The control group was treated with ursodeoxycholic acid，and the observation group was treated with Yinzhihuang Granules combined with ursodeoxycholic acid.The clinical efficacy，liver function，traditional Chinese medicine syndrome score，hepatitis B virus deoxyribonucleic acid（HBV DNA）negative conversion rate and occurrence of adverse reactions were observed in the two groups before and after treatment.

After treatment，the total effective rate of the observation group was 89.39%，which was significantly higher than that of the control group（74.24%）（P<0.05）.The liver functions of the two groups were alanine aminotransferase（ALT），aspartate aminotransferase（AST），total bilirubin（TBIL），total bile acids（TBA）andγ-glutamyl transferase（GGT）were all lower than those before treatment（P<0.05），while observing the liver function indicators of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group（P<0.05）.The TCM syndrome scores of the two groups were significantly lower than those before treatment（P<0.05）.At the same time，the TCM syndrome scores of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the controlgroup（P<0.05）.The HBV DNA negative conversion rate in the observation group was 56.06%，and that in the control group was 28.79%.The negative conversion rate in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group（P<0.05）.The incidence of liver injury in the observation group was 1.52%，which was significantly lower than that（13.64%）in the control group（P<0.05）.The incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was 3.03%，which was not significant compared with that（10.61%）in the control group（P>0.05）.

Yinzhihuang Granules combined with ursodeoxycholic acid has a significant effect on patientswith chronic jaundice hepatitis B.It can effectively improve the clinical symptoms and liver function of patients，promote the HBV DNA negative conversion rate，and reduce the incidence of adverse reactions.