To establish fingerprint and multi-components determination of substance benchmark of Shaoyao Gancao Decoction（芍药甘草汤，SGD）and provide reference for quality control and evaluation of SGD.

The separation was performed on Waters Symmetry^® C₁₈ column（250 mm×4.6 mm，5μm）with acetonitrile -0.1% formic acid for gradient elution. The HPLC fingerprint of 15 batches of substance benchmark were established，and the contents of active components in the substance benchmark of SGD were determined.

The HPLC fingerprint of 15 batches of substance benchmark were established and a total of 8 common peaks were identified. The similarity evaluation system of traditional Chinese medicine was calculated and the result showed the similarity of characteristic chromatogram was greater than 0.90. Combining cluster analysis，principal component analysis and partial least squares discriminant analysis，the 15 batches of samples were classified into two types（one for S1-S4，S11，S12，and one for S5-S10，S13-S15）. Six known components including gallic acid，albiflorin，paeoniflorin，liquiritin apioside，liquiritin and glycyrrhizic acid were determined. The results of content determination were 2.46-3.31 mg·g^-1，8.71-12.45 mg·g^-1，20.97-33.14 mg·g^-1，3.94-6.09 mg·g^-1，4.41-6.03 mg·g^-1，7.45-11.21 mg·g^-1，respectively.

The HPLC fingerprint combined with multi-components determination is stable and reliable. This study can lay a foundation for the quality control and evaluation of SGD.

To screen clinical diagnostic items for hypertension with the syndrome of intermingled phlegm and blood stasis from both macro and micro perspectives using the Delphi method，providing evidence for the development of a diagnostic scale for this syndrome.

Based on the Delphi method and combined with previous literature research results from the working group，two rounds of expert consultations were conducted. The results of the expert consultations were evaluated from multiple perspectives such as the mean，the coefficient of variation and the coordination coefficient. The items were revised based on the clinical experience of the experts to form a consensus on diagnostic items for hypertension with the syndrome of intermingled phlegm and blood stasis.

A total of 30 domestic experts were surveyed，with a response rate of 86.67% for both rounds. The expert authority coefficients for the two rounds were 0.914 and 0.925，respectively. Based on the mean and coefficient of variation of each item，combined with the clinical experience of the experts，the appropriate deletions were made，and ultimately 20 core diagnostic items were determined. These included primary symptoms：a heavy sensation in the head as if wrapped，stabbing pain in the head or chest with a fixed location，dark purple lips and nails，chest distress，obesity，heavy limbs，a swollen tongue with teeth marks on the edges，purple or dark tongue，or tongue with ecchymoses or petechiae or purple and dilated sublingual veins，greasy coating on the tongue，slippery or rough pulse，and abnormal blood lipids；secondary symptoms：dark complexion，excessive sleepiness，fatigue，expectoration of phlegm or sticky sensation in the mouth，thick coating on the tongue，wiry pulse，increased plasma viscosity and increased intima-media thickness of the carotid artery or carotid plaques.

The 20 diagnostic items for the syndrome of of intermingled phlegm and blood stasis in hypertension screened out in this study integrate the macroscopic syndrome differentiation of traditional Chinese medicine with the microscopic syndrome differentiation based on modern biochemical indicators，providing a basis and reference for subsequent research on quantitative assignment of this syndrome and the construction of diagnostic scales.

To investigate the ethanol fractional precipitation of vinegar-baked Chaihu（Radix Bupleuri）polysaccharides（VBCP）and their effects on pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of lamivudine.

The ethanol fractional precipitation was used to separate vinegar-baked Chaihu（Radix Bupleuri）polysaccharides.The phenol sulfuric acid method was used to determine the molecular weight，and the bicinchoninic acid（BCA）method was used to determine the protein content.The high performance gel permeation chromatography was used to determine the molecular weight，the high performance liquid chromatography was used to determine the monosaccharide composition，and the infrared spectrum was used to identify the characteristic groups of polysaccharide.Then，high-performance liquid chromatography was used to determine the concentration of lamivudine in plasma and tissue at different time points after oral administration of lamivudine and lamivudine+VBCPs.The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using DAS2.0 software，and the differences in pharmacokinetic parameters and tissue concentrations were compared using SPSS 20.0.

The sugar contents of VBCP-40，VBCP-60，and VBCP-80 were 65.53%，66.42%and 54.86%，respectively.The protein contents were 9.836%，6.214% and 8.744%，respectively.The molecular weight of three polysaccharides decreased with increasing alcohol concentration，and they were all composed of mannose，rhamnose，glucuronic acid，galacturonic acid，glucose，galactose and arabinose，but the proportions varied greatly.The infrared spectrum shows that all of them had typical polysaccharide characteristic peaks.The results of pharmacokinetic study showed that compared with the lamivudine group，the combination group of VBCP-60 and lamivudine significantly increased area under the concentration time curve（AUC_0-9，AUC_0-∞）and C_max，while decreased plasma clearance（CLz/F）.The results of tissue distribution study showed that VBCP-60 and VBCP-80 could increase the concentration of lamivudine in the liver；meanwhile，VBCP-80 could reduce its concentration in the kidneys.

Ethanol fractional precipitation can achieve the preliminary separation and purification of VBCP.VBCP-60 and VBCP-80 can increase the distribution of lamivudine in the liver，the anti-HBV effector organ of lamivudine，so they may be the active fractions for enhancing the efficacy of lamivudine.

To study the effects of Yifei JianpiRecipe（益肺健脾方）on aquaporin 3（AQP3），aquaporin 5（AQP5）and mucin 5AC（MUC5AC）in bronchial and lung tissues of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease（COPD）model ratswith lung and spleen deficiency syndrome.

Sprague-dawley rats were randomly segmented into blank group，model group，ambroxol group，dexamethasone group and Yifei Jianpi Recipe high，medium and low dose groups.The COPD ratmodel of lung and spleen deficiency was created by fumigation combined with lipopolysaccharide tracheal drip and Senna gavage and the pathologic morphology of bronchopulmonary tissues in rats was observed by hematoxylin-eosin（HE）staining and Alcian Blue-Periodic Acid Schiff（AB-PAS）staining，and the m RNA expressions of AQP3，AQP5 and MUC5AC in ratbronchopulmonary tissueswere detected by RT-qPCR，and protein expressions of AQP3，AQP5 and MUC5ACwere detected by Western Blot and immunohisto chemistry（IHC）methods，the mRNA expressions of AQP3，AQP5 and MUC5AC in rat bronchopulmonary tissues were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction（RT-qPCR），and the protein expressions of AQP3，AQP5 and MUC5AC in rat bronchopulmonary tissues were detected by Western Blotand IHC methods.

Compared with those in the sham group，the bronchopulmonary tissues of rats in themodel group showed different degrees of damage，and HE staining demonstrated that there were tangible inflammatory cell infiltration in the airways of rats，and AB-PASstaining reviewed thata good deal of cupshaped cell hyperplasia could be seen in the bronchial tubes of rats.ThemRNA and protein expressions of AQP3 and AQP5 were significantly decreased and MUC5AC mRNA and protein expressions were clearly increased in the model group（P<0.01）.Compared with those in the modelgroup，the inflammatory pathology damage of the bronchopulmonary tissues and the proliferation of cup cells in the rats of each dose group showed different degrees of improvement，and the m RNA and protein expressions of AQP3 and AQP5 were increased to different degrees.Among them，the Yifei Jianpi Recipe high dose group，the aminoglossum group and the dexamethasone group showed significant and comparable levels of increase（P<0.05）；the MUC5AC mRNA and protein expressions were reduced to different degrees，among which the ambroxol group，the dexamethasone group and the Yifei Jianpi Recipe high dose group showed significant and comparable reductions（P<0.01）.

Yifei Jianpi Recipe can inhibit airway mucus hypersecretion and reduce airway inflammation in COPD model rats with lung and spleen deficiency syndrome，and its mechanism is related to up-regulation of AQP3 and AQP5 and down-regulation of MUC5AC transcription and expression.