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To investigate the ethanol fractional precipitation of vinegar-baked Chaihu（Radix Bupleuri）polysaccharides（VBCP）and their effects on pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of lamivudine.
The ethanol fractional precipitation was used to separate vinegar-baked Chaihu（Radix Bupleuri）polysaccharides.The phenol sulfuric acid method was used to determine the molecular weight，and the bicinchoninic acid（BCA）method was used to determine the protein content.The high performance gel permeation chromatography was used to determine the molecular weight，the high performance liquid chromatography was used to determine the monosaccharide composition，and the infrared spectrum was used to identify the characteristic groups of polysaccharide.Then，high-performance liquid chromatography was used to determine the concentration of lamivudine in plasma and tissue at different time points after oral administration of lamivudine and lamivudine+VBCPs.The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using DAS2.0 software，and the differences in pharmacokinetic parameters and tissue concentrations were compared using SPSS 20.0.
The sugar contents of VBCP-40，VBCP-60，and VBCP-80 were 65.53%，66.42%and 54.86%，respectively.The protein contents were 9.836%，6.214% and 8.744%，respectively.The molecular weight of three polysaccharides decreased with increasing alcohol concentration，and they were all composed of mannose，rhamnose，glucuronic acid，galacturonic acid，glucose，galactose and arabinose，but the proportions varied greatly.The infrared spectrum shows that all of them had typical polysaccharide characteristic peaks.The results of pharmacokinetic study showed that compared with the lamivudine group，the combination group of VBCP-60 and lamivudine significantly increased area under the concentration time curve（AUC0-9，AUC0-∞）and Cmax，while decreased plasma clearance（CLz/F）.The results of tissue distribution study showed that VBCP-60 and VBCP-80 could increase the concentration of lamivudine in the liver；meanwhile，VBCP-80 could reduce its concentration in the kidneys.
Ethanol fractional precipitation can achieve the preliminary separation and purification of VBCP.VBCP-60 and VBCP-80 can increase the distribution of lamivudine in the liver，the anti-HBV effector organ of lamivudine，so they may be the active fractions for enhancing the efficacy of lamivudine.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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