Yuganzi（Phyllanthi Fructus）has the effects of moistening lung and resolving phlegm，generating fluids and quenching thirst，clearing heat and promoting swallowing. Its main active ingredients are phenolic acids and tannins. However，the research has found that Yuganzi（Phyllanthi Fructus）is influenced by various factors such as place of origin，harvesting period and variety，resulting in significant differences in the contents，types and transmission of effective ingredients. The listed pharmacopoeia only uses gallic acid as a quality control and evaluation indicator，lacking specificity and specificity，making it difficult to identify and evaluate the place of origin. This study mainly systematically summarized the functional applications，chemical components，pharmacological activities and quality control research progress of Yuganzi（Phyllanthi Fructus）in recent years，which can provide ideas for the construction of its quality evaluation methods. It is found that it has significant clinical efficacy in the treatment of hypertension，chronic pharyngitis，aging and strong carcinogens. The chemical composition is diverse，mainly containing compounds such as phenolic acids，tannins，terpenes，flavonoids，etc. It has various pharmacological activities such as antioxidant，anti-cancer，lipid-lowering，hepatoprotective and antibacterial effects. However，the research on quality control of Yuganzi（Phyllanthi Fructus）is currently limited. In the future，it is necessary to further explore the different active substance bases based on different functions and clinical applications，and clarify the quality control methods for constructing Yuganzi（Phyllanthi Fructus）based on active indicators.