To compare the effects of different sample pretreatment methods on the determination of six elements [iron (Fe),copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn), and strontium (Sr)] in whole blood by ICP-MS, so as to optimize the pretreatment process of whole blood samples and improve the accuracy and reliability of detection.

Appropriate amounts of whole blood samples were taken. The collision mode was applied to eliminate interference, and quality control samples were used for quality control. The detection effects of sample pretreatment methods including microwave digestion, protein precipitation with 5% nitric acid followed by centrifugation, direct dilution with 0.1% HNO₃ + 0.01% Triton X-100, and dilution with 0.1% HNO₃ + 0.01% Triton X-100 followed by centrifugation were compared.

When the samples were pretreated by protein precipitation with 5% nitric acid followed by centrifugation, the detection results of iron, manganese, nickel, zinc and strontium in the centrifuged supernatant were found to be low, and the effects on iron, manganese and nickel were the most significant. In addition, when the HNO₃ concentration was 0.2% - 1% (V/V), the measured contents of iron, manganese, nickel, zinc and strontium after dilution followed by centrifugation were all lower than those by direct dilution method and microwave digestion method. When the HNO₃ concentration was 0.1% (V/V),there was no significant difference between the results of direct dilution and dilution followed by centrifugation of the six elements compared with the microwave digestion method. Finally, dilution with 0.1% HNO₃ + 0.01% Triton X-100 (V/V) followed by centrifugation was used as the pretreatment condition. The method detection limits of the six elements were between 0.10 μg/L and 0.24 mg/L, the correlation coefficients r was all greater than 0.999, and the measured values of the quality control samples were consistent with the standard reference values.

Compared with other pretreatment methods, using 0.1% HNO3 +0.01% Triton X-100 (V/V) dilution followed by centrifugation as the pretreatment condition is simple, fast and accurate, and can be applied to the determination of iron, copper, manganese, nickel, zinc and strontium in whole blood.

To elucidate antibacterial effects and mechanism of Rosa sertata×Rose rugosa methanol extraction (RME) against extended-spectrum β-lactamases producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (ESBL-KP).

Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of RME against various ESBL-KP strains were determined by micro broth dilution method. Impact of RME on the growth, cell membrane and extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) activity of ESBL-KP was evaluated by growth and time-kill curves, scanning electron microscopy and nitrocefin hydrolysis test, seperately. Components of the extracts were analyzed using Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF MS).

The MIC of RME was 1 mg/ml for standard strains and 8-32 mg/ml for ESBL-producing strains. Concentrations of RME at 1/4 MIC, 1/2 MIC, and MIC could inhibit bacterial growth, with higher concentrations showing stronger effects. For D141 strain, treatment with RME at 4MIC concentration for 4 hours resulted in cell membrane collapse, bacterial agglutination, and a 77.49% inhibition rate of ESBLs activity; no bacterial growth was observed after 24 hours of this treatment. Totally, 1 550 compounds were identified in RME, with quinic acid, tricoumaroyl spermidine, thioetheramide-PC, and kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside being the predominant components.

RME can inhibit and kill ESBL-KP through disrupting its cell membrane and inhibiting the enzymatic activity of ESBLs, which provided a scientific basis for further research on Rosa sertata × Rosa rugosa.

To explore the relationship between the romantic status of vocational school students in Guizhou Province and their engagement in non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), as well as the mediating role of difficulties in emotion regulation, providing a reference for the prevention of adolescent NSSI behaviors.

A questionnaire survey was conducted from October to December 2023, utilizing a multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method to select students from nine vocational schools in Guizhou Province. The Chinese version of the Adolescent Non-Suicidal Self-Injury Assessment Questionnaire (ANSAQ) and the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) were used to measure NSSI behaviors and emotion regulation difficulties among vocational students. The mediating effect of difficulties in emotion regulation was examined using categorical variable mediation methods.

The prevalence of NSSI among vocational students in Guizhou Province was 27.4%. The standardized relative direct effect of experiencing a breakup on NSSI was 0.575 (95%CI: 0.104 to 0.258), and the relative mediating effect was 0.421 (95%CI: 0.062 to 0.203), with the mediating effect accounting for 26.8% of the total effect. Difficulties in emotion regulation fully mediated the relationship between being in a romantic relationship and NSSI, with the mediating effect constituting 47.3% of the total effect. For students who had previously been in a relationship but were now in the post-breakup phase, the standardized relative direct effect on NSSI was 0.008 (95%CI: -0.021 to 0.037), and the standardized relative mediating effect was 0.011 (95%CI: -0.001 to 0.024), both of which were not significant.

Differences in emotion regulation abilities across various romantic statuses partially explain the occurrence of individual NSSI behaviors. Enhancing adolescents’ emotion regulation skills can help them establish healthy emotional perspectives and positive interpersonal relationships, thereby effectively reducing the incidence of NSSI behaviors and positively impacting adolescent mental health within the public health domain while fostering harmonious social relationships.

To explore the potential causal relationship between Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) and thyroid diseases using a two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) approach.

Data were sourced from genome-wide association studies (GWAS), obtaining samples and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to SS and thyroid diseases, which included hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, goiter, Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT), Graves’ Disease (GD), and thyroid carcinoma (THCA). The inverse variance weighting (IVW) method was employed as the primary analysis approach, supplemented by the weighted median method (WME) and MR-Egger regression model for MR analysis, along with sensitivity analyses to ensure the robustness of results. The Bonferroni method was used to correct for multiple testing, with a correction threshold set at P=0.008(0.05/6), considering P-values between 0.008 and 0.05 as potentially relevant.

Genetically predicted SS was found to have a positive causal relationship with the risk of hypothyroidism (IVW: OR=1.372, 95%CI: 1.124-1.674) and HT (IVW: OR=1.254, 95%CI: 1.142-1.377). SS was not associated with an increased or decreased risk of hyperthyroidism (IVW: OR=1.435,95%CI: 1.012-2.036), goiter (IVW: OR=0.933, 95%CI: 0.838-1.040), GD (MR-Egger: OR=4.094, 95%CI: 2.818-5.947), or THCA (IVW: OR=1.057, 95%CI: 0.866-1.29). Hyperthyroidism (IVW: OR=1.950, 95% CI: 0.776-1.163), hypothyroidism (IVW: OR=1.149, 95%CI: 0.93-1.42), goiter (IVW: OR=0.992, 95%CI: 0.85-1.157), HT (IVW: OR=1.532, 95%CI: 1.055-2.225), GD (IVW: OR=1.041, 95%CI: 0.728-1.488), and THCA (IVW: OR=0.987, 95%CI: 0.874-1.114) were not found to increase or decrease the risk of SS.

Genetically predicted SS is a risk factor for hypothyroidism and HT. There is no association between SS and the risk of hyperthyroidism, goiter, GD, or THCA.

To explore the association between sleep duration and fall incidents among middle-aged and elderly individuals in China.

A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using data from the 2020 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), involving 18 515 participants aged 45 and older. Demographic characteristics, behaviors, lifestyle factors, and health status of the subjects were collected, and logistic regression and restricted cubic spline (RCS) models were employed to investigate the relationship between sleep duration and fall risk.

The incidence of falls among middle-aged and elderly individuals in China over two years was 17.20%, with an average sleep duration of (6.11 ± 1.86) hours. The fall incidence for those sleeping less than 5 hours per night was 26.39%, for 5 to less than 7 hours was 16.39%, for 7 to less than 9 hours was 13.04%, for 9 to less than 11 hours was 15.99%, and for those sleeping 11 hours or more was 30.00%. Multivariate logistic regression results indicated that the fall risks for individuals with sleep durations of less than 5 hours, 5 to less than 7 hours, and 11 hours or more were 1.46,1.15, and 2.01 times higher respectively compared to those sleeping 7 to less than 9 hours (P < 0.05). Analysis using the restricted cubic spline model revealed a U-shaped non-linear dose-response relationship between sleep duration and falls (overall trend P <0.05, non-linear test P < 0.05), with the lowest risk of falls occurring at approximately 7.5 hours of sleep.

Falls are significantly associated with both short and long sleep durations, with the optimal sleep duration being around 7.5 hours. Intervention measures should be implemented for middle-aged and elderly individuals with poor sleep quality to reduce their fall risk.

To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from 2005 to 2023 and to predict the incidence trend from 2024 to 2026, thereby providing scientific basis for the prevention and control of Hepatitis B.

Data on HBV incidence were extracted from the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System for descriptive analysis, and the gray prediction model was employed to forecast the incidence trends.Visualization of the data was performed using Origin 2022 software.

From 2005 to 2023, a total of 724 286 cases of HBV were reported in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, with an average annual incidence rate of 172.97 per 100 000 population. Cases were reported across various prefectures and cities, with the highest cumulative incidence observed in Kashgari Prefecture (171 395 cases), Urumqi city (132 256 cases), and Aksu Prefecture (90 145 cases). Among the reported cases, males (401 266 cases) outnumbered females (323 020 cases), with the primary affected demographic being individuals aged 20-39 years. The GM (1,1) model predicted a declining incidence trend for Hepatitis B in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from 2024 to 2026, with projected rates of 104.809, 97.406, and 90.065 per 100 000 population, respectively.

The overall incidence level of Hepatitis B in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region is relatively high; however, a downward trend in incidence is anticipated from 2024 to 2026.It is recommended to enhance the promotion of Hepatitis B vaccination, strengthen prevention and control efforts in key populations and areas, and improve public awareness of Hepatitis B to achieve the goal of eliminating its prevalence.

To conduct a quantitative analysis of national-level hypertension prevention and control policies and provide suggestions for the improvement and optimization of these policies.

Hypertension prevention and control policies from 2009 to 2023 were retrieved. A three-dimensional analytical framework of policy tools, policy intensity, and four-level prevention was constructed. Content analysis was used to conduct single-dimension and cross-analysis of policies related to hypertension prevention and control.

A total of 68 policy texts were included in this study, forming 110 coding units.The proportions of environmental, supply-based, and demand-based policy tools were 56.4%, 25.5%, and 18.2%, respectively.The average score of policy intensity was 3.1 (score range: 1-6). The proportions of policy texts for zero-level prevention, primary prevention, secondary prevention, and tertiary prevention were 27.3%, 20.9%, 45.5%, and 6.4%, respectively. Crossanalysis showed that there were significant differences in policy intensity among different types of policy tools. The policy intensity of prevention strategies at all levels was relatively balanced. The environmental policy tools had the highest proportion among prevention strategies at all levels. There were significant differences in supply-based and demand-based policy tools among different prevention strategies.

There is a lack of internal balance in hypertension prevention and control policy tools, and the use of supply-based and demand-based tools needs to be strengthened. The overall policy intensity is relatively weak. Attention should be paid to the overall relevance of policy content. It is urgent to move forward the prevention threshold of hypertension and strengthen the synergistic effect of four-level prevention.

To investigate the molecular mechanism by which Astragal side IV (ASV) combined with Quercetin (QUE) inhibits silica (SiO₂)-induced macrophage proptosis activation.

An in vitro co-culture system was established using rat alveolar macrophages (NR8383) and rat fibroblasts (RFL-6). The experiment was divided into six groups: control group, drug group, SiO₂ group, SiO₂ + drug group, SiO₂ + Balmacaan (Bel) group, and SiO₂ + drug + Bel group. After 24 hours of intervention, cell and supernatant samples were collected. The levels of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and high mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) in the supernatant were measured using ELISA. The protein levels of α-SMA,Vimentin, and E-Cadherin (E-cad) in RFL-6 cells were detected using Western blot. The mRNA and protein expression levels of Caspase-1, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and IL-18 in NR8383 cells were assessed using PCR and Western blot, respectively.

Compared to the control group, the levels of TGF-β1, TNF-α, and HMGB1 in the supernatant of the SiO₂ group were significantly increased (P<0.05), the protein levels of α-SMA and Vimentin in RFL-6 cells were elevated, while E-cad protein levels were reduced. The expression levels of (Cleaved-) Caspase-1, IL-1β, and IL-18 mRNA and protein in NR8383 cells were also significantly increased (P<0.05). Compared to the SiO₂ group, the levels of TGF-β1, TNF-α, and HMGB1 in the supernatants of the SiO₂ + drug group, SiO₂ + Bel group, and SiO₂ + drug + Bel group were significantly decreased (P<0.05). The protein levels of α-SMA and Vimentin in RFL-6 cells were reduced, and E-cad protein levels were elevated. The expression levels of (Cleaved-) Caspase-1, IL-1β, and IL-18 mRNA and protein in NR8383 cells were also significantly decreased (P<0.05).

ASV combined with QUE may reduce the secretion of inflammatory factors by inhibiting the proptosis levels of macrophages exposed to SiO₂ in the co-culture system, thereby suppressing the fibrosis levels in fibroblasts.

To study the association between the food environment and the risk of diabetes among residents and the mediating role of dietary intake.

Based on the data from the surveillance and investigation of chronic diseases and risk factors in Hubei Province from 2018 to 2020, buffers with different radii were constructed centered on the residential areas of the study subjects, and the densities of fast-food restaurants, dessert shops, supermarkets, vegetable markets, and convenience stores in each buffer were calculated to measure the food environment. A multilevel logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between the food environment and the risk of diabetes among residents, as well as the mediating effect of different types of food intake.

A total of 24 467 adults were included in this study, and the prevalence of diabetes was 12.1%. Regression analysis showed that the density of vegetable markets was positively correlated with the risk of diabetes (OR=1.018, 95%CI: 1.004-1.031). The results of the mediating analysis showed that the density of vegetable markets could reduce the risk of diabetes by increasing fruit intake, and the proportion of the mediating effect was 1.32%. Sub-group analysis showed that in the population under 60 years old, the density of supermarkets was negatively correlated with the risk of diabetes (OR=0.962, 95%CI: 0.937-0.988).

The density of vegetable markets is positively correlated with the risk of diabetes among residents, but a higher density of vegetable markets can reduce the risk of diabetes by increasing fruit intake. Optimizing the layout of the food environment and improving the availability of healthy foods can help reduce the risk of diabetes among residents.

To analyze the relationship between different combinations of chronic diseases and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among rural patients with chronic diseases in Shandong Province, and to provide references for improving the HRQoL of patients with chronic diseases.

A multi-stage random sampling method was used to select 531 patients with chronic diseases in Shandong Province for face-to-face questionnaires. The EuroQol five-dimensional five-level questionnaire (EQ-5D-5L) was used to evaluate the patients’ HRQoL. The Tobit regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of patients’HRQoL.

Among rural patients with chronic diseases, the combinations of chronic diseases with relatively high prevalence rates were arthritis + other diseases (excluding digestive system diseases), pure metabolic diseases, and stroke + metabolic diseases or stroke + metabolic diseases + heart disease, accounting for 27.68%, 19.59%, and 12.81% respectively. The results of the Tobit model showed that the influencing factors of the health utility value of rural patients with chronic diseases were age ≥ 75 years, the course of multiple chronic diseases exceeding 10 years, and disease combinations: patients with any one of digestive system diseases, arthritis, or stroke as part of multiple chronic diseases had significantly lower HRQoL than those with other combinations of chronic diseases.

There are significant differences in the HRQoL of rural patients with chronic diseases with different combinations of chronic diseases. Attention should be paid to health promotion among rural residents, and early screening and prevention should be carried out for high-risk patients with digestive system diseases, arthritis, and stroke to improve the HRQoL of rural residents.