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To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of Hepatitis A (HA) and Hepatitis E (HE) in Huai’an City,Jiangsu Province from 2004 to 2023, providing a scientific basis for infectious disease prevention and control in the region.
Case report data for HA and HE from 2004 to 2023 in Huai’an city were extracted from the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System for descriptive analysis.
From 2004 to 2023, a total of 1 956 cases of HA were reported in Huai’an city, accounting for 4.14% of viral hepatitis cases, with an average annual incidence rate of 1.97 per 100 000 population.Join point regression analysis indicated a significant overall declining trend in HA incidence from 2004 to 2023, with an Average Annual Percentage Change (AAPC) of -12.816% (P=0.016), with inflection points identified in 2006, 2015, and 2018. The peak months for HA cases were March to June and August; the male-to-female incidence ratio was 2.04, with the highest number of cases reported in the age group of 50 to <55 years. Farmers constituted the largest occupational group, accounting for 72.65% (1 421 cases). During the same period, a total of 3 097 cases of HE was reported, accounting for 6.55% of viral hepatitis cases, with an average annual incidence rate of 3.12 per 100 000 population. Join point regression analysis showed a significant overall increasing trend in HE incidence from 2004 to 2023, with an AAPC of 9.266% (P=0.001) and inflection points in 2011 and 2020.The peak months for HE cases were January to May; the male-to-female incidence ratio was 2.93, with the highest number of cases reported in the age group of 55 to <60 years. Farmers also represented the highest occupational group, accounting for 74.91%(2 320 cases).
From 2004 to 2023, HA showed a declining trend while HE exhibited an increasing trend in Huai’an city. Future efforts should focus on implementing vaccination strategies and prioritizing farmers as a key population for comprehensive prevention and control measures to effectively manage the spread of HA and HE.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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