To analyze the epidemiological distribution characteristics of chickenpox in Urumqi City from 2015 to 2023, to construct a prediction model by combining Baidu search keywords, and to explore the complementary application of Baidu index in chickenpox prevention and monitoring.

Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the characteristics of varicella case triple distribution in Urumqi City from 2015 to 2023. Chickenpox keywords were identified and a comprehensive Baidu search index was constructed. The models ARIMA and ARIMAX were constructed, the prediction effectiveness of the two models was evaluated by mean absolute error (MAE), mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), and root mean square error (RMSE).

The average annual reported incidence rate of varicella in Urumqi was 80.85/100 000, with a higher incidence in men than in women (χ²=1.136, P=0.287), there were statistically significant differences in incidence rates by age group (χ²=7 582.372, P<0.001), seven districts and one county had different average annual incidence rates (χ²=21.496, P<0.001), with the highest in the Toutunhe district (100.54/100 000). ARIMAX(1,1,0)(1,0,0) ₅₂ was selected as the best prediction model (prediction set MAE 12.04%, RMSE 13.80%, MASE 1.18%) with a good fitting effect.

The ARIMAX prediction model established based on the search term Baidu index has a certain degree of predictability and sensitivity, and can predict the epidemic trend of chickenpox in Urumqi in time, which can be used as a technical support and further expansion of the traditional monitoring and early warning system.

To understand the HIV infection risk perception bias and its related influencing factors among young men who have sex with men (MSM) in Shandong Province, so as to provide reference for making feasible HIV health education plans.

From April to July, 2022, young MSM were recruited in six cities in Shandong province, and a questionnaire survey was conducted and blood samples were collected to collect demographic characteristics, HIV risk perception and risk behavior of MSM. Logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of HIV infection risk perception bias among young MSM.

A total of 978 MSM were investigated, of which 85%(831/978) were over 20 years old, 97.6%(955/978) were unmarried/divorced or widowed, 61.1%(598/978) were college educated, 2.6% (25/978) were positive for HIV antibody and 3.6%(35/978) for syphilis antibody. 47.1%(461/978) had HIV infection risk perception bias, of which 54.0%(249/461) underestimate the risk and 46.0%(212/461) overestimate the risk. Logistic regression analysis showed that unmarried/divorced/widowed (OR=11.693,95%CI:1.546-88.407) and having no or low risk of new drugs (OR=2.041,95%CI:1.477-2.825) were the risk factors for underestimating the risk. Household registration in Shandong province (OR=2.618,95%CI:1.397-4.902), college education or above (OR=1.728, 95%CI:1.206-2.475), homosexuality (OR=2.532, 95%CI:1.093-5.845), having general or high risk of new drugs(OR=8.323, 95%CI:4.602-15.052), who had not received AIDS intervention (OR=2.288,95%CI:1.224-4.292) and had not taken preventive drugs before exposure (OR=11.905,95%CI: 3.663-38.462) were the risk factors for overestimating the risk.

HIV infection risk perception bias among young MSM in Shandong Province is high, and HIV risk behaviors are widespread. It is necessary to strengthen the education of MSM who have low self-rated HIV infection risk but have high-risk behaviors, improve risk awareness and reduce the occurrence of dangerous behaviors.

To provide a basis for formulating precise prevention and control strategies, the temporal and spatial aggregation characteristics of county road traffic injury mortality were analyzed, Shandong, 2012-2021.

The traffic injury mortality rate was calculated by using the data from the death registration and reporting system of Shandong. Geoda 1.18 and SatScan 9.7 were used for spatial autocorrelation analysis and spatiotemporal scanning analysis to explore the characteristics of spatiotemporal aggregation, and principal component regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors.

Road traffic injury mortality rate in Shandong from 2012 to 2021 showed an overall decreasing trend and was high in the fall. The spatial correlation existed in each year, and the "high-high" aggregation area was mainly located in the central and northwestern parts of Shandong. The spatial scan revealed the existence of four clusters across the entire population. Cluster 1 existed from March 2012 to February 2015, covering 26 districts and counties, primarily located in south-central Shandong. Similar to the total population, urban and rural areas were mainly located in the central and southern part of Shandong, and the main urban agglomeration area existed from January 2012 to December 2014, covering 19 districts and counties; The main rural agglomeration area existed from January 2012 to December 2014, covering 38 districts and counties. Principal component regression analysis showed that the variables reflecting the economic and transportation conditions had a greater impact. Among them, the number of permanent residents and the volume of passenger and freight transportation were positively correlated with the mortality rate, while others were negatively correlated.

From 2012 to 2021, the mortality rate of road traffic injuries in Shandong showed a decreasing trend. The main agglomeration area exists in the central and southern part of Shandong, and the rural agglomeration is more obvious. According to the characteristics of clustering, attention should be paid to the enforcement of laws and regulations, infrastructure construction, population flow and other factors in high-risk areas, and prevention and control strategies should be adopted or adjusted according to local conditions.

To analyze the trend of acute myocardial infarction mortality and potential life loss among residents in Nanning City from 2015 to 2023, and provide a basis for formulating chronic disease prevention and control policies.

To collate the death cause monitoring data of the whole population in Nanning City. Crude mortality, standardized mortality, age-specific mortality, composition ratio, potential years of life lost ( PYLL%), standardized years of life lost (SPYLL%) and average years of life lost (AYLL) were calculated.Joinpointlog-linear regression model was used for trend analysis.

From 2015 to 2023, a total of 38 870 deaths from acute myocardial infarction were reported in 12 counties (cities, districts) of Nanning City, including 22 566 males and 16 304 females. The crude mortality rate was 59.84/100 000, and the standardized mortality rate was 53.70/100 000. The crude mortality rate and standardized mortality rate both showed a stable trend, with AAPC values of -1.408 and -2.892, and P values of 0.443 and 0.054, respectively. The mortality rate increases with age and shows a linear increase after the age of 40. The proportion of pre hospital mortality in acute myocardial infarction ranged from 81.53% to 87.29%, which was at a high level, but showed an overall downward trend (AAPC=-0.552%, P=0.007). The potential life loss rate ranged from 0.33% to 0.42%, with an average life loss of 6.02 years to 7.03 years, and the trend of change was not statistically significant. However, the potential life loss rate and average life loss of women showed a downward trend, with AAPC values of -5.941% and -3.475%, respectively, and P values of 0.01.

The mortality rate of acute myocardial infarction in Nanning City is relatively high, and the potential loss of life is severe. Pre hospital emergency treatment and health education for acute myocardial infarction should be strengthened, and the elderly and men are the key population for prevention and con.

To use neural networks and optimization algorithms, establish an obesity level prediction model to assess obesity risk.

Perform correlation analysis on 2 111 recorded data collected from participants aged between 14 and 61 years old in Mexico, Peru, and Colombia, and establish a BP neural network obesity level prediction model. At the same time, optimize the number of hidden nodes and transfer function of the model through pruning to find the optimal network structure. In addition, the genetic algorithm and the simulated annealing algorithm were used to optimize the weights and thresholds of the model, ultimately establishing a high-precision and practical GASA-BP neural network obesity level prediction model.

The R² of the prediction model was 0.975 1, and the MAE was 0.352, indicating high prediction accuracy and strong practicality. In the process of predicting obesity levels in the model, weight index was the most important, with a correlation of 0.913 with obesity levels. The correlation between overweight members in the family was also relatively strong, with a correlation of 0.505.

The GASA-BP neural network prediction model performs better than other models in predicting obesity levels, and can make the most accurate prediction of obesity levels, providing guidance and reference for personalized obesity assessments and subsequent prevention and control measures.

To analyze the trends in incidence of acutemyocardialinfarction(AMI)in Wuhan from 2016 to 2023, and to provide scientific basisfor prevention and control of AMI in Wuhan.

The incidence data during 2016—2023 from the Surveillance System of cardiovascular diseases in Wuhan were collected to compute the incidence, age-standardized rate by China population 2010 (ASR-C) and by Segi’s world standard population(ASR-W).Theannual percent change (APC) and average annual percent change (AAPC) of incidence of AMI were evaluated using Joinpoint regression model,to analyzethe incidence trends of AMI.

The incidence of AMI in Wuhan increased from 56.67/10⁵ in 2016 to 115.29/10⁵ in 2023(APC=10.24%,P<0.05);andASR-C of AMI increased from 40.45/10⁵ in 2016 to 79.57/10⁵ in 2023(APC=9.75%,P<0.05).The AMI incidence of males(83.65/10⁵) was significantly higherthanthat of females(34.99/10⁵) from 2016 to 2023 (P<0.05).The AMI incidenceofurban area(62.59/10⁵) was significantly higher than that of rural area(55.35/10⁵)(P<0.05).The regression model showed that the incidence and ASR-C of AMI in male and female all showed a significant upward trend (all P<0.05);the incidence and ASR-C of AMI of urban residents all showed a significant upward trend (all P<0.05), while the trends of rural residents from 2016 to 2020 were not statistically significant, but they all showed a significantupward trend from 2020 to 2023 (all P<0.05).The incidence of AMI in age groups<30,30-<40,40-<50, 50-<60, 60-<70 years and≥70 years in Wuhan increased at different rates from 2016 to 2023(P<0.05).Incidence in agegroups 30-<40,40-<50 years increased rapidly,with the AAPCs of 16.73% and 13.87%, respectively.

The incidence of AMI in Wuhan showedan upward trend from2016 to 2023,young adult males are the crucial population for prevention andcontrol.

To investigate the epidemiologic profile of contamination by multiple respiratory viruses (including influenza virus, rhinovirus, adenovirus, and respiratory syncytial virus) in the environments of medical institutions in Changsha City in 2023, aiming to provide scientific evidence for the formulation of infection control measures.

A total of 663 environmental samples were collected from 11 medical institutions in Changsha City, encompassing various types such as air, desktops, countertops, trash cans, power switches, door handles, elevator buttons, faucets in washrooms, water dispensers, and other surface swab samples. RT-PCR technology was employed to conduct nucleic acid testing for multiple respiratory viruses. The overall positive rates of respiratory viruses among different types of medical institutions, surveillance areas, and environmental samples were comparatively analyzed.

The study revealed that the overall positive rate of nucleic acids for multiple respiratory viruses in the medical institution environments of Changsha City in 2023 was 10.41%, and the positive rates for influenza virus, rhinovirus, adenovirus, and respiratory syncytial virus were 0.90%, 5.28%, 3.77%, and 0.45%, respectively. Among the different types of medical institutions, general hospitals exhibited the highest positive rate of multiple respiratory viruses, reaching 15.22%, while specialized hospitals and other medical institutions (including welfare hospitals and physical examination institutions) had positive rates of 10.71% and 2.61%, respectively. In terms of surveillance areas, outpatient diagnosis and treatment areas demonstrated the highest overall positive rate of multiple respiratory viruses, standing at 12.50%, while public areas and inpatient wards exhibited lower positive rates. Additionally, swab samples collected from desktops, countertops, and trash cans showed the highest overall positive rate of multiple respiratory viruses, accounting for 15.45%. Samples from other sources, including faucets and water dispensers in washrooms, power switches, elevator buttons, door handles, and air samples, also exhibited varying degrees of positive rates. Statistical analysis demonstrated significant differences in the overall positive rates of multiple respiratory viruses among different types of medical institutions, surveillance areas, and environmental samples (P<0.05).

The presence of multiple respiratory viruses in the environments of medical institutions in Changsha City in 2023 suggests the urgent need for enhanced epidemiologic surveillance and disinfection measures to effectively prevent and control nosocomial infections.

To understand intake frequency of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) and the consumption habit among primary and secondary students. To explore the relationship of SSBs cognition and behavior，and to provide a basis for reducing students’ intake of SSBs.

A multi-stage sampling process was employed to select subjects from primary and middle school in Shenzhen. Network questionnaire survey was conducted to collecting information in September and October, 2021. Spearman rank correlations was used to analyze relationships of various types of SSBs consumption frequency. Multivariable linear regression model was used to examine the relationship between SSBs cognition score and consumption frequency score. Hierarchical analysis to explore the interactions.

A total of 16 840 primary and secondary students aged 6 to 18 years old were included. The prevalence of SSBs consumption at least 3 time/week was 58.9%, the grades 1-3, 4-6 and middle school students were 52.3%, 60.3% and 67.6%. Parents (73.3%) were the main buyers of SSBs, convenience stores (73.7%) were the main places and delicious (77.2%) was the major cause of choices. There was a positive correlation between the intake frequency of different types of SSBs (P<0.001). The results of multivariate linear regression showed that the higher the cognition was, the lower the intake frequency of SSBs was (β=0.179, 95%CI：0.155-0.204). There was a multiplicative interaction between the cognitive score of SSBs and the educational level of parents (P<0.00l).

The intake frequency of SSBs was high among primary and middle school students in Shenzhen, and the cognitive level of SSBs was related to the intake frequency and the educational level of parents.

To investigate the dynamic developmental trajectories of early suicidal ideation among adolescents, and the influence of factors such as gender, left-behind status, only-child status, boarding status, and social support on the trajectories of suicidal ideation development.

A cluster sampling method was employed to conduct three follow-up surveys among 989 7th-grade students in a certain urban middle school in Hunan Province from March to December 2023. The adolescent suicidal ideation scale (PANSI) and adolescent social support scale (CASSS) were used for questionnaire surveys. A latent growth mixture model (LGMM) was utilized to analyze and explore different categories of early suicidal ideation among adolescents.

Four potential categories of developmental trajectories of early suicidal ideation among adolescents were identified, labeled as C1 group "high-risk-stable" (7.2%), C2 group "medium-risk-worsening" (8.8%), C3 group "medium-risk-stable" (11.1%) and C4 group "low-risk-stable" (72.9%). Being female, left-behind, and only-child were identified as risk factors for the developmental trajectories of early suicidal ideation (all P<0.05), while social support was identified as a protective factor for these trajectories.

The developmental trajectories of early suicidal ideation among adolescents exhibit significant heterogeneity among groups and individual differences.

To explore the status quo of breastfeeding social support in puerpera and analyze its influencing factors.

A total of 535 puerpera were selected from 4 community health service centers in Chengde city by complete random cluster sampling method.The random forest model and LASSO regression were used to rank and screen the influencing factors.

The total score of the Breastfeeding Social Support Scale was 52.00 (9.00). The results of LASSO regression showed that when the lambda(λ) value was 0.117 7, the error was the smallest, and the corresponding number of influencing factors was 10.The importance ranking and multiple regression analysis showed that the main influencing factors of breastfeeding social support were community promotion of breastfeeding, whether returning to work or not, employment status, whether breastfeeding at night or not, feeding patterns (P<0.05).

The level of breastfeeding social support remains to be improved,and health care providers should develop targeted intervention according to the influencing factors.

To understand the status quo of children’s obesity health literacy among parents of primary school students in Yangzhou City, analyze related influencing factors, and put forward new ideas for optimizing health education of childhood obesity prevention and control.

Stratified cluster random sampling was used to randomly select 1 street from each of the 6 counties (cities and districts) in Yangzhou City, and then randomly select 4 primary schools from each street, and randomly select at least 1 class from each grade (grades 1-6) in each primary school. Questionnaire survey was conducted on parents of the students in the whole class.

A total of 6 097 parents of primary school students were surveyed, among whom 3 615 reached the standard of health literacy, the rate of reaching the standard was 59.29%. The compliance rates of health cognition, health behavior, health knowledge, operation skills and health consciousness were 66.54%, 41.68%, 69.99%, 44.89% and 32.97%, respectively. According to χ² test, there were significant differences in parents’ health literacy attainment rates among different places of residence, age, occupation, education level, family income, relationship with children, and student weight status (all P values <0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that residence, educational level, occupation and students’ weight status were the influencing factors of parents’ childhood obesity health literacy. Living in towns and villages (OR=1.223, 95%CI: 1.092-1.369) , profession of production/manufacturing/repair industry (OR=1.353, 95%CI: 1.059-1.729) and jobless person (OR=1.514, 95%CI: 1.126-2.036) or others (OR=1.404, 95%CI: 1.112-1.773), and students’ weight status as obesity (OR=1.203, 95%CI: 1.060-1.366) are risk factors for childhood obesity health literacy of primary school parents, and parents’ education of high school or above (OR=0.265-0.649, 95%CI: 0.133-0.752) are protective factors for childhood obesity health literacy of primary school parents.

The parents of primary school students in our city have a high level of obesity health literacy, but a low rate of health behavior, operation skills and health awareness. In the process of child obesity prevention and control education, it is necessary to pay attention to the parents of students living in towns and villages, with low education level, unemployment and parents of obese students, and carry out targeted health education activities.

To explore the influence of family environment on depression in middle school students, and explore the role of coping styles in this process.

Amulti-level sampling method was conduct in Qingpu District. A total of 1 902 junior and senior school students from four middle schools were investigated. The questionnaires included self-designed questionnaire which was used for collecting the students’ information of gender, age, family environment and so on,coping style questionnaire for middle school students which was used for evaluating the scores of coping factors, Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) which was used for evaluating the scores of depression. The t-Test, Mann-Whitney Test, Pearson correlation analysis and Spearman rank correlation analysis were used for difference analysis or correlation analysis, and the SPSS Process was used for Mediation analysis.

ThePHQ-9 scores of junior high school students in the adverse family environment (divorced/single-parent family, unharmonious family atmosphere, and non-wealthy family) were significantly higher than those in favorable family environment (non-divorced/single-parent family, harmonious family atmosphere, and wealthy family). Students in the adverse family environment scored higher in "problem-focused coping" and lower in "emotion-focused coping", while students in adverse family environment scored the opposite. The results of mediation analysis showed that "emotion-focused coping" played a partial mediating role in the relationship between depression and family structure (β=0.212, 95%CI:0.029-0.421) or family atmosphere (β=0.304, 95%CI:0.169-0.461) or family economic status (β=0.261, 95%CI:0.058-0.491) in the middle school students, and the mediation effect accounted for 9.83%, 15.13% and 13.85% of the total effect respectively. "Problem-focused coping" also played a partial mediating role in the relationship between depression and family structure (β=0.316, 95%CI:0.139-0.521) or family atmosphere (β=0.455, 95%CI:0.311-0.626) or family economic status (β=0.505, 95%CI:0.306-0.730) in the middle school students, and the mediation effect accounted for 14.68%, 22.72% and 26.75% of the total effect respectively.

The adverse family environment is a risk factor for depression in middle school students, and coping styles play a partial mediating role in this process.

To explore the effect of homework time on myopia of primary school students and evaluate its differences among different grades.

A total of 183 districts in 21 cities of Sichuan Province were selected as research sites. Two primary schools were randomly selected from each research site, and students in grades 4-6 were selected form the whole class basis. At least 80 students from each school were selected for visual screening and questionnaire survey. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the effect of homework duration on myopia.

47 054 students from grades 4 to 6 were included in the study, including 32.5% in grade 4, 33.4% in grade 5 and 34.0% in grade 6. The myopia rate of students in grades 4-6 was 50.3%, and it increased with the increase of grade. After controlling covariates, the average daily homework time<1 h was taken as reference, and the homework time of 1-2 hours was the risk factor for myopia (OR=1.059, P=0.008). Stratified by sex, the same effect was observed in male students (OR=1.102, P=0.001), and was most pronounced in male students in grade 5 (OR=1.123, P=0.026). The same effect was observed among students with good economic level (OR=1.097, P=0.005).

Homework may increase the risk of myopia of primary school students. It is suggested to arrange homework time scientifically and reasonably.

To explore the excess hospitalization and structural change in hospitalization costs of acute respiratory infections (novel coronavirus infection excluded) in Yantian, Shenzhen, as the changing epidemiological patterns of respiratory infections. To provide information for the development of evidence-based public health policies and the burden of disease control measures.

Adjusted Serfling regression models were used to estimate the excess hospitalization and degree of structural change and grey correlation analysis was employed to analyze the change in structure of hospitalization costs and the association of items, based on the data from the regional health information platform in Yantian District from 2020 to 2023.

In 2023, there were 1 698 excess hospitalization cases of acute respiratory infection, with an excess rate of 170.82%, accounting for 63.08% of the total number of hospitalizations. An increase in the number of viral and mycoplasma infections may be the reason for the excess hospitalization. There was a change in the structure of hospitalization costs, with the diagnostic category having the greatest value, contribution, and association with the structural change in costs.

There was a high excess hospitalization for acute respiratory infections and structural change in hospitalization costs was observed in 2023. Surveillance systems should be continuously improved to capture abnormal epidemics or excess hospitalizations to provide evidence for medical resource preparation and allocation. Clinical pathway management should be continuously strengthened to reduce the medical cost of patients.

To analyze the changes and influencing factors of female health literacy level in Nanchang, and to provide reference for intervention in female health literacy.

Based on the health literacy monitoring of residents in Nanchang from 2018 to 2023, analyze the data of 10 034 women in the effective sample. Conduct inter-group difference comparisons and influencing factor analyses on the health literacy levels of women with different characteristics by using the χ² test and Logistic regression model. And analyze the changes in the health literacy of women in Nanchang City using the χ² trend test.

From 2018 to 2023, the level of female health literacy in Nanchang showed rising year by year, increased from 17.87% to 30.80%. Health knowledge and concept as well as safety and first aid ranked first in three aspects and six dimensions of health literacy. The factors affecting female health literacy in Nanchang included regions, age, education, occupation and marriage. The health literacy level of urban women was 1.249 times higher than that of rural women (OR=1.249, 95%CI: 0.934-1.669; The health literacy level of women aged 35-44 was 93.5% higher than that of women aged 15-24; The health literacy level of women with junior college and above (OR=15.851, 95% CI: 12.525-20.060) was 15.851 times higher than that of women with primary school and below; The health literacy level of female civil servants/teachers and other employees of public institutions (OR=0.373, 95%CI: 0.252-0.553) and female farmers (OR=0.368, 95%CI: 0.231-0.585) were significantly lower than female medical staff; Unmarried women had a higher level of health literacy than married women by 45.5% (OR=0.545, 95%CI: 0.332-0.896).

The level of female health literacy in Nanchang has been improved. In the future, infectious and chronic disease prevention and basic medical literacy should be the key content. Focusing on key population such as women of farmers, the elderly, lower education level and low-income, targeted health education and promotion activities will be innovatively carried out to popularize healthy lifestyles and skills.

To provide a reference for the health department and to improve the medical quality by analyzing and evaluating the medical quality of public traditional Chinese medicine hospitals in Shandong Province from 2019 to 2022 comprehensively.

Based on the survey data of public TCM hospitals participating in performance appraisal in Shandong Province, the medical quality of public TCM hospitals in Shandong Province was comprehensively evaluated by using the entropy-weighted TOPSIS method, RSR method and the fuzzy combination method of the two.

According to the entropy-weighted TOPSIS method, the evaluation results of medical quality were the best in 2019, followed by 2022, with C values of 0.594 4 and 0.548 6, respectively, the evaluation results of RSR method were the best in 2022, followed by 2021, with RSR values of 0.750 0 and 0.688 0, respectively, and the best evaluation results of the two fuzzy joint methods were in 2022 and followed by 2021, and the three evaluation methods showed that the evaluation results of medical quality in 2020 were the worst.

Although the evaluation results of the entropy-weighted TOPSIS and RSR methods and the fuzzy joint method are slightly different, the trend is basically the same, and the medical quality of public TCM hospitals in Shandong Province has been improving year by year from 2019 to 2022. The fuzzy combination method of the two can reflect the evaluation results more scientifically and reasonably, and has certain reference significance for the improvement of medical quality level and management standards.

To study the control and structural change of hospitalization cost for malignant tumor and cardiovascular disease patients in a place in Anhui from 2020 to 2022, and to provide reference for reasonable control of medical cost and improvement of health insurance payment method reform.

Using the evaluation indexes of structural change value, structural change degree and structural change contribution rate, we analyzed the changes of hospitalization expenses and their influence degree on the total cost changes after DRG reform.

The average cost of hospitalization and the average number of days of hospitalization for both types of diseases decreased significantly after the DRG reform, with the highest contribution of structural changes in the cost of medicines (29.89%) and the cost of treatments (26.61%), respectively.

The effect of DRG on actual cost control and structural optimization is obvious; the cost component of the value of medical personnel’s technical labor still needs to be further improved; and the problem of "supporting doctors with tests" needs to be paid attention to.

To analyze and evaluate the prevention and control policies for thalassemia, identify the usage and distribution of policy tools, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of the policies, and propose improvement suggestions.

From the perspective of policy instruments, an analytical framework of "policy tools-stakeholders" has been constructed. Utilizing the Policy Modeling Consistency (PMC) index model, a quantitative evaluation was conducted. The characteristics of policy tool usage were identified, problems in the policies were discovered, and strategies for policy optimization were explored.

The study found that the overall quality of Guangxi’s thalassemia prevention and control policies is relatively high, but there are also issues such as fewer joint documents issued by multiple departments, lack of demand-oriented policy tools (18.46%), slightly vague policy nature, and difficulty in balancing long-term and short-term policy effectiveness.

The prevention and treatment policy for Mediterranean anemia should start by enhancing the utilization of demand-driven tools, taking into account the short-term and long-term effectiveness of the policy, and mobilizing the participation of multiple stakeholders to improve policy quality.

To explore the attitude of medical students to premarital sex and its association with social ecological risk factors, so as to provide scientific basis for sex education in schools and relevant departments.

From September to November 2021, an anonymous survey was conducted among 1 280 students from a medical college in Shanxi Province, including general demographic characteristics, socio-ecological risk factors, and attitudes toward premarital sexual behavior.

There was 39.75 percent of the students who had a positive attitude toward premarital sex. After adjusting for general demographic characteristics, binary logistic regression analysis showed that in the household dimension, the approvingrate about premarital sex of high-risk group (OR=1.61, 95%CI: 1.01-2.54) was 1.61 times higher than in the low-risk group. In the time dimension, the approvingrate about premarital sex of medium-risk group (OR=1.57, 95%CI: 1.14-2.17) was 1.57 times more than the low-risk group, and compared with the low-risk group of the cultural dimension, the medium-risk group (OR=1.96, 95%CI: 1.43-2.69) and the high-risk group (OR=4.75, 95%CI: 3.24-6.97) were positively correlated with premarital sexual attitudes, that is, the higher the approval of premarital sex is, as the risk increased. The results of WQS model analysis showed that cultural dimension had the most influence on medical students’ attitudes towards premarital sexual behavior, accounting for 45.40%, meantime, time dimension and family dimension accounted for 15.60% and 14.40%, respectively.

The positive attitude of medical students towards premarital sexual behavior is the result of the comprehensive effect of social and ecological risk factors. Besides the high-risk family factors and the medium-risk time factors, the medium and high-risk cultural factors increase the approval of premarital sexual behavior of medical students. Then, the cultural factors have the most influences on the outcome.

To study the relationship between the education of offspring and the developmental trajectory of cognitive function in the rural elderly, and to explore the mediating effect of intergenerational support.

Based on seven waves of a special longitudinal survey spanning 18 years, a group-based trajectory model was used to identify the heterogeneous developmental trends of cognitive function in the rural elderly population. An unordered polytomous logistic regression was employed to study the association between offspring’s education and the developmental trajectory cognitive function among the rural elderly. The KHB method was utilized to analyze the mediating effect of intergenerational support.

A total of 1 342 elderly individuals, aged 60 to 100 years and having participated in at least two survey waves, were included. Three cognitive function trajectory groups were identified: the low decline group (19.75%), the moderate decline group (44.41%), and the high stability group (35.84%). Compared with subjects in the low decline group, those with higher levels of offspring education were more likely to belong to the moderate decline or high stability groups. Intergenerational support played a significant mediating role in this relationship, exhibiting a characteristic of need dependency. Furthermore, intergenerational economic support contributed the most to the mediating effect in each trajectory group, and robustness checks yielded similar results.

There is heterogeneity in the trajectories of cognitive function among the rural elderly. The educational achievements of offspring are an intrinsic driving force for the positive development of cognitive function in this demographic. At the same time, under the continuous impact of modern ideas and cultural waves, the traditional "filial piety culture" in rural areas of China remains deeply rooted.

To analyze the relationship between parental academic upward social comparison perception(PAUSCP) and mobile phone dependence tendency(MPDT) among children, and explore the chain mediation of learning boredom(LB) and academic self-handicapping(ASH).

In October 2023,1 024 higher primary school pupils were tested with parental academic upward social comparison perception scale, academic self-handicapping scale, learning boredom scale, and mobile phone dependence tendency scale,and process 4.3were used to analyze mediation.

Not detected tendency accounted for 54.78%, potential Children’s MPDT accounted for 27.25%, and MPDT accounted for 17.97%.Boys(χ²=10.975,P=0.004), grade(χ²=47.055,P<0.001), relationship with parents(χ²=28.453,P<0.001) and residence(χ²=14.128,P=0.007)was correlation factors. Total indirect effect of PAUSCP → MPDT was 0.115(95%CI:0.090,0.142), effect size P_M=58.67%.Indirect effect of PAUSCP→LB→MPDTwas 0.064(95%CI:0.042,0.090).Indirect effect PAUSCP→ASH→MPDT was 0.024(95%CI:0.013,0.038).Indirect effect of PAUSCP→LB→ASH→MPDT was 0.027(95%CI:0.018,0.040).

Parental academic upward social comparison perception can indirectlyaffect mobile phone dependence tendencyamong childrenthrough learning boredom and academic self-handicapping.

To analyze the mediating role of activities of daily living ability in older adults and the long-term relationship between cognitive trajectories and the risk of all-cause mortality.

Based on the CLHLS data from 2002 to 2008, the Group-based Trajectory model (GBTM) was used to identify the heterogeneous trajectories of cognitive function in older adults, using CLHLS data from 2008 to 2018 as the follow-up time for all-cause mortality risk. The connection between the cognitive trajectories and the risk of all-cause mortality was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier survival curves, Log-Rank tests and Cox regression analysis. Marginal structure model was used to analyze the mediating effect of ADL in their relationship, with subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis conducted.

A total of 4 177 older adults aged 65-105 years who participated in follow-up for three consecutive years were enrolled, and two cognitive trajectory groups were identified: the low-decline group (n=691, 16.61%) and the high-stable group (n=3 186, 83.39%). By Log-Rank test, there was a statistically significant difference in survival rate between the different cognitive trajectory groups (χ²=323.69, P<0.01). After adjusting for other covariates, the risk of all-cause death was still lower in the high-stable group (HR=0.64, 95%CI: 0.57-0.71) compared to the low-declining group. ADL had a mediating effect in the relationship between cognitive trajectories and the risk of all-cause mortality, and the indirect hazard ratio was 0.93 (95%CI: 0.87-0.98). The results of subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis were consistent with the trend of the main research results.

There are different cognitive trajectories in the elderly, and cognitive trajectories can affect the risk of all-cause mortality, ADL plays a mediating role in this relationship. Therefore, it is necessary to dynamically monitor cognition, detect problems in time, and take targeted measures to reduce the risk of death in the elderly.

To investigate the mediating role of professional psychological help-seeking attitudes between family parenting styles and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) among secondary school students.

A multistage stratified whole cluster sampling method was used to select 4 393 secondary school students from 12 secondary schools in 2 districts of Guiyang City, Guizhou Province, from October to December 2023, and a self-administered general information questionnaire, a Chinese version of the short-form parenting style questionnaire, a short-form scale of attitudes toward professional psychological support for help, and a Chinese adolescent NSSI rating questionnaire were used to conduct a survey of secondary school students. The survey was conducted. SPSS 27.0 was used for descriptive and correlation analyses, PROCESS 4.1 for mediation effect analysis, and Bootstrap method for validation.

The detection rate of NSSI among secondary school students was 34.9%. Positive family upbringing style was positively correlated with professional psychological help-seeking attitude and negatively correlated with NSSI (r=0.308,-0.191, P<0.001); negative family upbringing style was negatively correlated with professional psychological help-seeking attitude and positively correlated with NSSI (r=-0.213, 0.310, P<0.001); and professional psychological help-seeking attitude was negatively correlated with NSSI (r=-0.190, P<0.001). Professional psychological help-seeking attitude played a partial mediating role between positive family parenting style, negative family parenting style and NSSI, and the mediating effect accounted for 28.76% and 8.87% of the total effect, respectively.

Professional psychological help-seeking attitude plays a mediating role between family parenting style and NSSI of secondary school students. Parents should adopt positive parenting styles and increase the motivation of secondary school students to seek professional psychological help, which can prevent and reduce the occurrence of NSSI.

To investigate the relationship of sleep duration and sleep quality with depression in young and middle-aged people in Tibet.

From May 2018 to August 2019, people aged 30 and above in Chengguan District of Lhasa City were selected by random cluster sampling method for questionnaire survey, and the independent and combined effects between sleep and depression was analyzed by multifactor logistic regression model.

A total of 5 510 young and middle-aged people aged 30-59 years old were included in the study. The age was (44.7 ± 8.5) years old, and 1.9% of them were defined with depression. Multivariate logistic regression models showed that shorter sleep duration and poor sleep quality were risk factors for depression in young and middle-aged people after adjusting for confounding factors. Compared with 8 hours of sleep duration daily, the OR (95% CI) of depression for those with sleep duration ≤ 6h and 7h were 3.51 (1.91-6.44) and 1.89 (1.06-3.37), respectively. The OR (95% CI) of depression was 2.24 (1.46-3.46) in the poor sleep quality group compared with those with good sleep quality. Subgroup analysis showed that male with sleep duration ≤6 h and female with sleep duration ≤7h were risk factors for depression. The association of sleep quality with depression was statistically significant in different gender groups. The combined effects of sleep duration and sleep quality were associated with depression, and sleep duration ≤6 h and poor sleep quality had the strongest association with depression (OR=7.43, 95%CI: 3.50-15.75).

Shorter sleep duration (≤7h) and poor sleep quality are associated with depression in young and middle-aged people at high altitude, and there is a combined effect. There are gender differences in the association of sleep duration with depression.

This study assesses the status and determinants of treatment delays among patients with rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (RR-TB) in Guizhou Province, 2016-2022, aiming to inform the development of RR-TB control strategies in the region.

Data on RR-TB patients from 2016 to 2022 were extracted from the "Tuberculosis Management Information System," a subsystem of the "China Disease Prevention and Control Information System." The trend in treatment delay rates over time was analyzed using Trend chi-square test, while logistic regression models were used to examine the factors influencing these delays.

From 2016 to 2022, Guizhou Province reported 513 cases of treatment delays among patients with rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (RR-TB), resulting in a treatment delay rate of 23.29%. The rate of treatment delays decreased from 2016 to 2019 (Trend chi-square test=9.099, P=0.003), reaching its lowest in 2018 at 10.53%. However, from 2020 to 2022, the rate of treatment delays exhibited an upward trend (Trend chi-square test=5.937, P=0.015), peaking in 2021 at 31.62%. Multivariable analysis indicated that compared to migrant populations, patients undergoing initial treatment, and those tested with molecular biological drug sensitivity tests, non-migrant patients (OR=1.496, 95%CI=1.198 to 1.867), new patients (OR=1.774, 95%CI =1.344 to 2.342), patients with relapse (OR=1.494, 95%CI=1.110 to 2.011), and those tested using traditional drug sensitivity methods (OR=2.985, 95%CI=2.323 to 3.834) were at higher risk for treatment delays.

From 2016 to 2022, the overall trend of treatment delays in rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (RR-TB) patients in Guizhou Province showed a decline. However, there was an increasing trend during the COVID-19 pandemic. This suggests a need to enhance the prevention and control of drug-resistant tuberculosis in key areas such as Bijie City. There is also a need to intensify health education for patients with drug resistance, implement patient-centered care systems for those patients, expand the application of molecular biological drug sensitivity testing techniques, and strengthen the referral and admission mechanisms for RR-TB patients.

To explore the longitudinal relationship between sleep condition and physical & mental health among Chinese adults and to provide a basis for improving sleep condition and preventing related chronic diseases.

Based on China Family Panel Studies data, sleep condition index was constructed using self-reported sleep time, quality and daytime function. Physiological health was measured using self-rated health, chronic diseases, physical discomfort and BMI values. Mental health was measured using the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale. 15 187 adults in three periods (T0: 2016, T1: 2018, T2: 2020) were involved. Trend tests, Cross-lagged path models and robustness tests were used in this study.

There was a significant downward trend in the sleep time among Chinese adults (Z=-19.609, P<0.001). The rate of insufficient sleep showed a clear upward trend (Z=-11.542, P<0.001). Sleep quality (Z=8.594, P<0.001) and daytime function (Z=11.045, P<0.001) showed significant deterioration trends. Correlation analysis results showed that sleep condition at three time points was positively correlated with physical health (P<0.001) and mental health (P<0.001). Cross-lagged analysis results showed that T0 and T1 sleep condition positively predicted T1 and T2 physical health [β=0.108(95%CI:0.093-0.122), β=0.078(95%CI:0.063-0.092)] and mental health [β=0.113(95%CI:0.096-0.126), β=0.095(95%CI:0.105-0.136)], T0 and T1 physical health [β=0.111(95%CI:0.096-0.129), β=0.121(95%CI:0.078-0.111)] and mental health [β=0.132(95%CI:0.116-0.149), β=0.139 (95%CI:0.122-0.156)] each positively predicted T1 and T2 sleep condition. The cross-lagged analysis results were robust in subgroups.

There has been a significant and concerning decline in the sleep condition among Chinese adults. There is a bidirectional predictive relationship between sleep condition and physical & mental health across time points.

To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of varicella and effectiveness of varicella vaccine in Jinan.

We collected data of varicella surveillance in Jinan from 2006 to 2022 from the Chinese Information System for Disease Control and Prevention and vaccination data for children born during 2010-2021 form the Jinan Immunization Planning Information System. All reported varicella cases from 2006 to 2022 in Jinan were analyzed with descriptive epidemiological methods; Coverage and effectiveness of varicella vaccine for children born during 2010 to 2021 were conducted with the screening method.

61 145 cases of varicella were reported in Jinan during 2006—2022, yielding an annual average incidence of 51.82 per 100 000 population; the incidence ranged from 74.48 per 100 000 in 2008 to 28.47 per 100 000 in 2022.Peak varicella incidences occurred between April and June and between November and the following January. The highest incidence rate was 5-9 years old group from 2006—2016 and was 15-19 years old group from 2017 to 2022.Coverage levels for one doses was 77.32% in the 2010-2021births; the overall effectiveness of varicella vaccine was 91.83% (95%CI: 91.43%-92.30%). Coverage levels for two doses was 45.86% in the 2010—2018 births; the overall effectiveness of varicella vaccine was 95.14%(95%CI: 94.56%-95.66%).

The high incidence age group shifted from 5-9 years old to 15-19 years old. It was suggested that the vaccine administration should be used to targeted age groups. Levels of vaccine effectiveness for 2 doses of varicella vaccine were greater than levels of Vaccine effectiveness for one-doses. We suggest to introduce 2 dose of varicella vaccine into the national immunization program for children.

To analyze the monitoring data of rural drinking water quality and water supply project information in Gansu Province, and to provide a basis for the guarantee of rural drinking water health security.

Based on the water quality monitoring data of rural centralized water supply project in Gansu Province from 2018 to 2023, the water quality index evaluation method was used to compare the differences in water quality, and the chi-square test was used to compare the status of water supply projects in each year.

The results showed that the automatic monitoring system, the proportion of purification and disinfection facilities, and the comprehensive index of water quality in rural centralized water supply project in Gansu Province were improved, and the differences between each year were statistically significant (P<0.05). In the single monitoring index, the total standard rate of total coliforms in microbial index increased from 68.66% to 90.95% from 2018 to 2023, and the turbidity qualified rate in sensory index increased from 92.26% to 98.65%.

The rural drinking water supply situation in Gansu from 2018 to 2023 was improved, and the water quality was on the rise. It is necessary to continue to promote the scale and standardization construction of water supply project to ensure the health safety of drinking water.

To explore the association between gallstones and CVD among ethnic minority populations in Guizhou Province, as well as the mediating effect of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in this association, in order to provide reference suggestions for reducing the burden of CVD.

Based on the database of Cohort Study of Native Natural Population in Ethnic Minority Gathering Areas in Southwest China, stratified and multi-stage cluster sampling was used to conduct a baseline survey of ethnic minorities aged 30 - 79 years in Qiandongnan and Qiannan Prefectures of Guizhou Province from 2018 to 2019. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the association between gallstones and CVD, and the mediating effect model was used to evaluate the mediating effect of glomerular filtration rate in the association.

The detection rate of CVD in Guizhou minority population was 3.16 %, among which the detection rates of Dong, Miao and Buyi were 3.27%, 3.07 % and 3.12%, respectively. The total detection rate of gallstones was 9.03%. Logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for all the variables (model 3), the detection rates of CVD in the total population [OR（95%CI）: 1.633(1.269-2.102)], the Dong [OR（95%CI）: 1.567(1.077-2.280)], and Miao [OR（95%CI）: 1.679(1.055-2.673)], gallstones were positively associated with CVD. No association between gallstones and CVD was found in the Buyi population. Subgroup analysis showed that Dong patients with gallstones<60 years old were positively correlated with CVD [OR（95%CI）: 1.825(1.022-3.258)], gallstone patients without hyperlipidemia [OR（95%CI）: 2.151(1.352-3.422)], gallstone patients without hypertension [OR（95%CI）: 1.612(1.013-2.565)] were positively correlated with CVD. Miao≥60 years old [OR（95%CI）: 1.878(1.038-3.397)], male [OR（95%CI）: 1.546(1.212-5.586)], BMI≥24 [OR（95%CI）: 1.972(1.160-3.354)], gallstone patients with hypertension [OR（95%CI）: 2.264(1.297 - 5.429)] were positively correlated with CVD. Mediation analysis revealed that the glomerular filtration rate accounted for 16.96%, 12.08%, 17.43%, and 14.52% of the mediating effect between gallstones and CVD in the total population, Dong, Miao, and Buyi people, respectively.

Gallstones are positively correlated with CVD in the Dong and Miao populations in Guizhou Province, especially in the overweight and hypertension population of the Miao nationality. There is no association between gallstones and CVD in the Buyi population. Glomerular filtration rate has a partial mediating effect between gallstones and CVD.

To explore the mediating effect of depression between life self-care ability and frailty.

Based on data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), Pearson correlation analysis, linear regression model and Bootstrap repeated sampling method were used to analyse the relationships and mediating effects between activity of daily living, depression and frailty.

A total of 1 554 middle-aged and elderly people aged 45 years or older were included. The prevalence of debility was 14.1%, with a self-care score of 5.9±0.4 and a depression score of 9.4±6.0. Activity of daily living was significantly negatively correlated with depression and frailty (r=-0.14, r=-0.23, both P<0.001), and depression and frailty were positively correlated (r=0.34, P< 0.001). Activity of daily living (β=-0.164, P<0.001) and depression (β=0.013, P< 0.001) were influences on frailty, and depression partially mediated the relationship between activity of daily living and frailty, with a mediating effect of 12.17%.

Depression reduces the ameliorative effect of self-care ability on debility.

To explore the current situation and influencing factors of the family burden of patients with severe mental disorders.

The main guardians of 715 patients with severe mental disorders in Qingyang City were selected as the research object by the multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method. A self-made questionnaire was applied to investigate the guardian’s demographic data, family situation, health status, patient demographic data, and disease treatment. The current situation of family burden was investigated by the Family Burden Scale (FBS). Multiple linear regression analysis was applied to analyze the influencing factors of family burden for patients with severe mental disorders.

The total FBS score was 22.36±13.11, and the burden of medium and above accounted for 50.57%. The financial burden on the family was the heaviest. The results of multiple linear regression analysis revealed that the patient’s education level, marital status, monthly medication expenses, current condition, medication adherence, medical security, guardian’s health status, relationship with the patient, cohabitation time, and monthly family income were the influencing factors of family burden (P<0.05).

The family burden of patients with serious mental disorders in Qingyang City is relatively heavy. Families with unstable patient conditions, high monthly medication expenses, low household income, guardians in sub-health or suffering from chronic disease, and long-term living with the patient require further attention. Providing these families with assistance and support is essential to alleviating their burden.