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To explore the influence of family environment on depression in middle school students, and explore the role of coping styles in this process.
Amulti-level sampling method was conduct in Qingpu District. A total of 1 902 junior and senior school students from four middle schools were investigated. The questionnaires included self-designed questionnaire which was used for collecting the students’ information of gender, age, family environment and so on,coping style questionnaire for middle school students which was used for evaluating the scores of coping factors, Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) which was used for evaluating the scores of depression. The t-Test, Mann-Whitney Test, Pearson correlation analysis and Spearman rank correlation analysis were used for difference analysis or correlation analysis, and the SPSS Process was used for Mediation analysis.
ThePHQ-9 scores of junior high school students in the adverse family environment (divorced/single-parent family, unharmonious family atmosphere, and non-wealthy family) were significantly higher than those in favorable family environment (non-divorced/single-parent family, harmonious family atmosphere, and wealthy family). Students in the adverse family environment scored higher in "problem-focused coping" and lower in "emotion-focused coping", while students in adverse family environment scored the opposite. The results of mediation analysis showed that "emotion-focused coping" played a partial mediating role in the relationship between depression and family structure (β=0.212, 95%CI:0.029-0.421) or family atmosphere (β=0.304, 95%CI:0.169-0.461) or family economic status (β=0.261, 95%CI:0.058-0.491) in the middle school students, and the mediation effect accounted for 9.83%, 15.13% and 13.85% of the total effect respectively. "Problem-focused coping" also played a partial mediating role in the relationship between depression and family structure (β=0.316, 95%CI:0.139-0.521) or family atmosphere (β=0.455, 95%CI:0.311-0.626) or family economic status (β=0.505, 95%CI:0.306-0.730) in the middle school students, and the mediation effect accounted for 14.68%, 22.72% and 26.75% of the total effect respectively.
The adverse family environment is a risk factor for depression in middle school students, and coping styles play a partial mediating role in this process.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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