To investigate the relationship of sleep duration and sleep quality with depression in young and middle-aged people in Tibet.

From May 2018 to August 2019, people aged 30 and above in Chengguan District of Lhasa City were selected by random cluster sampling method for questionnaire survey, and the independent and combined effects between sleep and depression was analyzed by multifactor logistic regression model.

A total of 5 510 young and middle-aged people aged 30-59 years old were included in the study. The age was (44.7 ± 8.5) years old, and 1.9% of them were defined with depression. Multivariate logistic regression models showed that shorter sleep duration and poor sleep quality were risk factors for depression in young and middle-aged people after adjusting for confounding factors. Compared with 8 hours of sleep duration daily, the OR (95% CI) of depression for those with sleep duration ≤ 6h and 7h were 3.51 (1.91-6.44) and 1.89 (1.06-3.37), respectively. The OR (95% CI) of depression was 2.24 (1.46-3.46) in the poor sleep quality group compared with those with good sleep quality. Subgroup analysis showed that male with sleep duration ≤6 h and female with sleep duration ≤7h were risk factors for depression. The association of sleep quality with depression was statistically significant in different gender groups. The combined effects of sleep duration and sleep quality were associated with depression, and sleep duration ≤6 h and poor sleep quality had the strongest association with depression (OR=7.43, 95%CI: 3.50-15.75).

Shorter sleep duration (≤7h) and poor sleep quality are associated with depression in young and middle-aged people at high altitude, and there is a combined effect. There are gender differences in the association of sleep duration with depression.