To investigate the influencing factors of frailty among rural elderly people,and to construct,verify and compare frailty risk prediction models based on multiple machine learning algorithms,so as to provide a scientific basis for the early identification and precise prevention of frailty.

From July to September 2023,using a multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling strategy,a total of 1 366 elderly people from 13 rural areas were selected as the research subjects.They were randomly divided into the training set(n=957) and the internal validation set(n=409) at a ratio of 7∶3.In July 2024,a total of 491 rural elderly people were selected as the external validation set.In this study,whether frailty occurs was used as the dependent variable.Variable selection was completed through single-factor analysis and LASSO regression.Then five machine learning methods including random forest(RF),extreme gradient boosting algorithm(XGBoost),artificial neural network(ANN),support vector machine(SVM),and Logistic regression(LR) were used to construct the prediction model.The core evaluation indicators were sensitivity,specificity,area under the receiver operating characteristic curve,and classification accuracy rate.The clinical practicality of the model was evaluated by the decision curve analysis.The performance of each frailty risk prediction model was comprehensively evaluated to determine the optimal model.

The incidence rate of frailty among rural elderly people was 27.4%.LASSO regression ultimately included sleep quality,depression status,anxiety status,fall risk and physical condition as key predictors.After internal and external verification and comprehensive evaluation by multiple indicators,the XGBoost model performed the best.

The incidence of frailty among rural elderly people is relatively high.There are numerous influencing factors.The frailty risk prediction model based on XGBoost algorithm has the best performance.It could provide a scientific and effective tool for frailty risk screening and precise intervention.It has high clinical application value.

To construct a prediction model for social frailty in elderly patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis.To explore the predictive value of modifiable factors such as dialysis symptom burden,family function,depression,and physical activity for the model.

By using the convenience sampling method,451 elderly patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis in the hemodialysis room of a tertiary grade A hospital in Chengde City from November 2024 to April 2025 were selected as the research subjects for the construction group.Another 181 elderly patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis in the hemodialysis rooms of two tertiary grade A hospitals from May to July 2025 were selected as the external validation group for the research.A cross-sectional survey was conducted using general information questionnaires,5-Item Geriatric Depression Scale(GDS-5),Dialysis Symptom Index(DSI),Brief Aging Perceptions Questionnaire(B-APQ),Family APGAR Index(APGAR),and the Score of the Chinese Version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form.Logistic regression analysis was used to screen the influencing factors of social frailty.The ROC curve was drawn using R language and internal and external validations were conducted.The distinguishability,calibration,and clinical practicability of the model were evaluated.Based on the predictive factors,the basic model and the full model were constructed.The predictive value of the modifiable factors was quantified.

The incidence rates of social frailty among elderly maintenance hemodialysis patients in the construction group and the validation group were 33.7% and 35.9% respectively.Logistic results showed that dialysis duration,burden of dialysis symptoms,family function,physical activity,and depression were the influencing factors of social frailty in elderly maintenance hemodialysis patients.Based on the above five factors,the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the Nomogram for internal and external validation was 0.888 and 0.876 respectively.The Hosmer-Lemeshow test results showed that both P>0.05.The calibration curves and decision curves of internal and external validation both showed that the model had good calibration and high clinical practicability.The modifiable factors significantly contributed to the predictive value of the model.

The constructed prediction model for social frailty in elderly patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis has good predictive efficacy and clinical applicability.It could provide a tool for the early identification of social frailty in elderly maintenance hemodialysis patients.Medical staff could formulate corresponding intervention measures based on factors that can be intervened,such as the burden of dialysis symptoms,family function,depression,and physical activity,so as to delay the occurrence and development of social frailty in elderly patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis.

To explore the multidimensional fatigue and motor perception of patients with acute myocardial infarction at different time points,and to construct a cross-lag model to analyze the dynamic correlation between multi-dimensional fatigue and motor perception.

A total of 308 patients with acute myocardial infarction admitted to our hospital from May 2023 to January 2025 were selected.The general information questionnaire,the Chinese version of the Exercise Sensitivity Qustionnaire(ESQ),and the Chinese version of the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory(MFI-20) were used to investigate the levels of multidimensional fatigue and motor perception of the patients 1 day before discharge,1 month after discharge,and 3 months after discharge.

One day before discharge,1 month after discharge,and 3 months after discharge,the MFI-20 scores of patients with acute myocardial infarction were 57.12±6.42,51.69±4.93,and 42.39±5.07 respectively.The ESQ scores were 40.24±5.68,36.57±4.74,and 29.13±4.16 respectively.There were statistically significant differences in terms of MFI-20 and ESQ scores among patients with different NYHA classifications and comorbidities at the three time points(all P<0.05).Pearson correlation analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between MFI-20 and ESQ scores at the three time points(all P<0.01).The results of the cross-lag model showed that the model had a good fitting effect.The multidimensional fatigue of patients 1 day before discharge could positively predict their movement perception 1 month after discharge(P<0.01).The multi-dimensional fatigue of patients 1 month after discharge could positively predict their movement perception 3 months after discharge(P<0.01).The movement perception of patients 1 day before discharge could also positively predict the multi-dimensional fatigue 1 month after discharge(P<0.05).The movement perception of patients 1 month after discharge could also positively predict the multi-dimensional fatigue of them 3 months after discharge(P<0.01).

Within 3 months after discharge,multidimensional fatigue and the level of movement perception in patients with acute myocardial infarction showed a downward trend.However,multidimensional fatigue and movement perception were mutually causal.There was a dynamic interactive influence relationship between them.Clinical nurses should pay attention to the collaborative intervention of fatigue relief and improvement of movement perception,so as to promote the recovery of patients.

To explore the quality of life and management needs of patients with cervical cancer during concurrent chemoradiotherapy,so as to provide a reference for clinical interventions.

An explanatory sequential mixed-methods design was adopted.A total of 355 cervical cancer patients undergoing concurrent chemoradiotherapy in the oncology department of a tertiary grade A hospital in Luzhou city,Sichuan province,were surveyed using questionnaires.Additionally,26 patients were selected through purposive sampling for semi-structured interviews.

During concurrent chemoradiotherapy,the highest score in quality of life among cervical cancer patients was observed in the domain of disease acceptance.The lowest score was in fertility concerns.Network analysis revealed that physical discomfort was the core node affecting quality of life,whereas satisfaction with disease management served as a bridge node connecting emotional status and functional status in the network.Qualitative interviews identified four themes:symptom management needs,disease knowledge needs,continuity of care needs,and psychosocial needs.

The quality of life of cervical cancer patients during concurrent chemoradiotherapy is influenced by multiple factors.Their management needs exhibit multidimensional characteristics.Quality of life could be improved through precise symptom management,full-cycle health education and follow-up,as well as multidisciplinary interventions.

To explore the latent classes of aging perceptions for the elderly in the communities,and to analyze the centrality indicators of depressive and anxiety symptoms across different classes.

Cluster sampling method was used to recruit 1 019 older adults from five communities in Xinxiang city,Henan province.They were surveyed using general information questionnaire,the Brief Aging Perceptions Questionnaire(B-APQ),the Patient Health Questionnaire-9(PHQ-9),and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 scale(GAD-7).Latent profile analysis was performed to identify latent classes of aging perceptions.Network analysis of depressive and anxiety symptoms was conducted for each class,and core symptoms were identified by expected influence.

Three latent classes of aging perceptions for the elderly in the communities were identified:the low aging perception group(43.1%),the high aging awareness-adaptation group(43.6%),and the high aging awareness-distress group(13.3%).Age and comorbidity status were influencing factors of these classes(P<0.05).Core symptoms differed across the three classes.The low aging perception group showed "feeling down or sad", "excessive worry", and "uncontrollable worry".The high aging awareness-adaptation group showed "uncontrollable worry", "fatigue", and "irritability".The high aging awareness-distress group showed "uncontrollable worry", "restlessness", and "feelings of worthlessness".

Aging perceptions for the elderly in the communities exhibit significant heterogeneity.The core depressive and anxiety symptoms vary across different classes.Nursing staff should provide targeted psychological care based on aging perceptions of the elderly and their specific psychological symptoms.

To explore the latent profile of health self-help behaviors among empty-nest elderly patients with hypertension,and to analyze its influencing factors.

Using stratified cluster sampling method,a total of 339 empty-nest elderly patients with hypertension in Fenyang city were selected as the survey subjects from January to May 2025.General information questionnaires,Health Self-Help Behavior Scale,Perceived Ageism Questionnaire,and Self-efficacy Scale for Hypertensive Patients were used for the investigation.

The health self-help behaviors of empty-nest elderly patients with hypertension could be divided into three potential profile groups,namely the isolated abandonment-low self-help behavior group(29.2%),the passive dependence-moderate self-help behavior group(57.5%),and the active and proactive-high self-help behavior group(13.3%).The results of multivariate analysis showed that age,educational level,living condition,having other chronic diseases,experiencing age discrimination,and hypertension self-efficacy were the influencing factors of potential profile classification for health self-help behaviors among empty-nest elderly patients with hypertension.

The health self-help behaviors of empty-nest elderly patients with hypertension showed group heterogeneity.Healthcare professionals should adopt corresponding intervention measures for different groups to improve their health self-help behaviors and enhance their quality of life.

To develop a postoperative home exercise program for elderly patients with hip fracture,and to evaluate its effectiveness.

Through literature review and Delphi expert consultation,a postoperative home exercise program for elderly patients with hip fracture based on integrated theory of health behavior change(ITHBC) was formed.The elderly patients with hip fracture surgery from a tertiary grade A hospital in Shenzhen city were selected as the research subjects.Among them,35 patients from March to June 2024 were assigned to the control group,and 33 patients from July to September 2024 were assigned to the experimental group.The patients in control group received routine post-discharge care.The patients in experimental group received home exercise intervention in addition to the routine care.The scores of Harris Hip Scale(HHS),6-minute walking distance(6MWD),Activities of Daily Living(ADL),and Self-efficacy for Rehabilitation Outcome Scale(SER) scores of the two groups were compared at the time of discharge,the end of 1st month after discharge,and the end of the third month after discharge.

At the end of 1st month and the end of the third month after discharge,the HHS score,6MWD,ADL score,and SER score of the experimental group were all better than those of the control group(all P<0.05).The exercise compliance of the experimental group showed an overall upward trend.Although there was brief fluctuation in the 5th and 6th weeks,and then followed by recovery and maintenance at a high level.

The postoperative home exercise program for elderly patients with hip fracture based on integrated theory of health behavior change is scientifically and practically feasible.It could effectively improve the exercise function,daily living activity ability,and rehabilitation belief of elderly hip fracture patients,and improve their exercise compliance.

Based on family nurse diet theory and the competency model,to optimize the training program for nutrition support nurses in China,and to verify its scientific validity and practical applicability through a preliminary application,thereby to provide basis for improving the training system.

A preliminary draft of the training program was developed through literature review and semi-structured interviews.A modified Delphi method was used to consult 29 experts over two rounds.The final program was revised based on their opinions.A preliminary application was conducted in Shanxi province.Data on core competencies were collected from 57 nutrition support nurses before and after the training to evaluate the training effect.

The response rates for the two rounds of expert consultation were 85.29% and 100.00% respectively.The expert authority coefficients were 0.876 and 0.907,respectively.The final program consisted of four parts:training objectives,training content,training process,and assessment and evaluation.Core contents included nutrition-related knowledge,whole-process management of nutrition support,competency development,and clinical practice.The preliminary application showed that the post-training core competency score of the nutrition support nurses was significantly higher than the pre-training score (P<0.05).

The training program for nutrition support nurses,to optimize based on the family nurse diet theory and the competency model,is highly scientific and feasible.It can provide a reference for improving the training system for Nutrition Support Nurses in China.

To explore the definition and connotative characteristics of the concept of social isolation among the elderly in nursing homes.

The system retrieved relevant literature on social isolation among the elderly from databases such as PubMed,Web of Science,ScienceDirect,CNKI,SinoMed,WanFang Database,and VIP Database.Rodgers' evolutionary concept analysis was employed for the analysis.

A total of 39 articles were finally included.The manifestations of social isolation among the elderly in nursing homes included spatial isolation,interpersonal isolation,emotional isolation,event isolation,and ability isolation.The antecedent variables included demographic factors,health factors,social participation,and the length of residence in nursing homes.The outcome indicators of social isolation for the elderly in nursing homes were their impact on physical health,quality of life,cognitive ability,suicide rate and mortality.

The assessment of social isolation is an important indicators of the quality of life for the elderly.Defining social isolation of the elderly in nursing homes helps caregivers accurately identify and intervene in the occurrence and development of social isolation among the elderly.It could reduce the adverse effects of social isolation on the elderly,and provide decision-making references for the sustainable development of institutional elderly care and the formulation of elderly policies.

To explore the application effect of standardized nursing intervention in the no-vomiting ward on reducing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting(CINV) of breast cancer patients treated with antibody-drug conjugates(ADC).

A total of 737 breast cancer patients who received chemotherapy in the oncology department of our hospital from October 2023 to December 2025 were selected for this study.According to the treatment plan,the patients were divided into the ADC group(347 cases) and the traditional chemotherapy group(390 cases).Both groups received basic antiemetic treatment and standardized nursing intervention in the non-vomiting ward.The complete control rate of CINV was evaluated before treatment,during treatment,on the day after treatment,24 hours after treatment,and on the seventh day after discharge both groups.

There was no statistically significant difference in the complete control rate of nausea and vomiting between the two groups(P>0.05).The generalized estimating equation showed that the risk of CINV in the two groups changed differently over time.The severity of nausea was higher and the risk of grade 1 vomiting was higher in the traditional chemotherapy group 24 hours after treatment.

The overall CINV burden of the two groups was comparable,but the temporal characteristics were different.The monitoring of ADC patients should be extended to the seventh day after discharge,and home follow-up management should be strengthened to achieve full-course precise care.

To systematically evaluate the genetic causal relationship between dietary preferences and allergic asthma using Mendelian randomization(MR).

Based on the genome-wide association study(GWAS) data of 187 dietary preferences from the UK Biobank,and the GWAS data of allergic asthma from the FinnGen database,a dual-sample Mendelian randomization analysis was conducted to explore the causal relationship.

The Mendelian randomization causal analysis showed that preferences for bacon,soft cheese,and cornflakes were positively associated with the risk of allergic asthma,while the preference for high-fiber vegetables showed protective effect against allergic asthma.The robustness of the results was verified through heterogeneity tests and level pleiotropy analysis.The leave-one-out sensitivity analysis results indicated that there was no dominant effect of a single-nucleotide polymorphism.

Preference for bacon,soft cheese,and cornflakes may increase the risk of allergic asthma,while preference for high-fiber vegetables may have protective effect.The research results provide preliminary genetic causal evidence for formulating dietary intervention-based prevention and control strategies for allergic asthma.

To evaluate the practicality,effectiveness,and sustainability of implementing the "Standard of Quality Management for Cytotoxic Drugs Compounding in Healthcare Institutions" using the exploratory-preparation-implementation-continuous model.

From July 2022 to September 2023,ten qualified pharmacists and ten qualified nurses from the pharmacy intravenous admixture service at the Children's Hospital of Fudan University were enrolled in the study.The levels of knowledge,attitude and practice of medical staff,their behavioral compliance,as well as the quality of practice behaviors regarding intravenous cytotoxic drugs were compared before and after the implementation of the regulations.

Following implementing the standard,the scores for knowledge,attitudes,and coping behavior among medical staff significantly improved(all P<0.05).Compliance increased significantly in 17 of 29 evaluated indicators across the five categories(all P<0.01).The ratio of cytotoxic drug spillage decreased,and the internal error rate dropped(both P<0.01).

Implementation of the "Standard of Quality Management for Cytotoxic Drugs Compounding in Healthcare Institutions" could effectively reduce the risk of exposure and ensure the safety of medication.

To understand the status quo of internalizing and externalizing problem behaviors among rural middle school students,and to explore the mediating role of digital health literacy and active health behaviors between family function and internalizing and externalizing problem behaviors.

In December 2024,a survey was conducted on 1 093 middle school students from 2 rural schools in Fuyang city,Anhui province,using the General Family Functioning Scale,Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire,the eHealth Literacy Scale,and Adolescent Proactive Health Behavior Scale.

The total detection rates of internalizing and externalizing problem behaviors among 1 093 rural middle school students were 25.1% and 25.8% respectively.The correlation analysis results showed that family function,digital health literacy,and active health behaviors were all negatively correlated with internalizing and externalizing problem behaviors(P<0.05).Path analysis revealed that digital health literacy and active health behaviors played a partial mediating role between family function and internalizing and externalizing problem behaviors,with the mediating effect values being 0.033 and -0.104 respectively.

The detection rate of internalizing and externalizing problems among rural middle school students is relatively higher.In future practice,it is possible to reduce the incidence of internalizing and externalizing problems by strengthening family functions,enhancing digital health literacy,and formulating healthy living plans.

To investigate the willingness,demand,and influencing factors of children of the elderly regarding elderly medical escort services in Shenzhen city,and to provide a theoretical basis for promoting the implementation of such services for the elderly.

Using the convenience sampling method,a total of 526 adult children of the elderly in Shenzhen city,Guangdong province from April to June 2025 were selected for a questionnaire survey.

73.38% of the children expressed willingness to use medical escort services.The top three influencing factors for children's choice of the service of accompanying the elderly during medical treatment were the opinions or ideas of the elderly themselves,the economic ability of the individual or the family,and the content and quality of the accompanying service.

There is a phenomenon that children of the elderly regarding elderly medical escort services have a high demand for medical escort services but a low conversion rate.In the future,a framework of "government guidance + market supply" should be adopted to promote the development of a three-in-one escort service model of "licensed services-medical insurance payment-platform supervision",in order to solve the problems of elderly people's difficulty in accessing medical care and heavy burden on their children.

To explore the application effect of the adaptive-system dual-model psychological nursing based on Rosenthal effect theory for elderly patients undergoing colorectal cancer surgery.

A total of 96 elderly patients with colorectal cancer who were admitted to the Third People's Hospital of Bengbu City,Anhui Province from July 2022 to April 2025 were selected.Among them,48 patients admitted from July 2022 to January 2024 were assigned to the control group,and 48 patients admitted from February 2024 to April 2025 were assigned to the study group.The patients in control group received routine nursing.The patients in study group implemented the adaptation-system dual-model psychological nursing based on Rosenthal effect theory on the basis of routine nursing.The perioperative related indicators and hospital stay of the two groups were compared.The psychological state,coping style,level of perceived social support,hope level and nursing satisfaction of the two groups before intervention and at discharge were also compared.

The recovery time of bowel sounds,the time of first defecation,the time of getting out of bed for activities,and the length of hospital stay in the study group were all shorter than those in the control group(P<0.05).At discharge,the scores of the Psychosocial Adjustment to Illness Scale-Self Report(PAIS-SR), the Self-Rating Depression Scale(SDS), the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS),and the negative coping score decreased in both groups,and the study group had lower scores than the control group(P<0.05).At discharge,the total scores of the Life Orientation Test-Revised(LOT-R), the positive coping, Perceived Social Support Scale(PSSS), and the Herth Hope Inventory(HHI) increased in both groups,and the study group had higher scores than the control group(P<0.05).The nursing satisfaction rate of the study group was higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).

The adaptation-system dual-model psychological nursing based on Rosenthal effect theory in elderly patients undergoing colorectal cancer surgery could improve the psychological state and coping strategies of elderly patients undergoing colorectal cancer surgery,enhance their perception of social support and hope levels,promote postoperative recovery,shorten hospital stay,and increase nursing satisfaction.

To explore the facilitating and obstructive factors for nurses to fulfill the responsibility of ensuring patient safety in the context where the International Council of Nurses has incorporated this responsibility into the core duties of nurses,and to provide empirical evidence for the construction of a systematic support strategy.

The purposive sampling method was adopted to select experts in the fields of medicine,nursing,management,and education for semi-structured interviews.Content analysis was used for data collection and analysis.

A total of 16 interviewees were included.The facilitating factors for nurses to fulfill their responsibilities of ensuring patient safety included four themes:enhancement of professional values and professional autonomy,initial formation of national policy support and industry consensus,leadership commitment and systematic support,and positive participation intentions from patients and their families.The obstructive factors included four themes:increased occupational pressure and ambiguous accountability,structural barriers in internal collaboration,shortage of resources and lagging training system,and absence of a fair safety culture and non-punitive mechanism.

The International Council of Nurses' inclusion of patient safety in the core responsibilities of nurses is a high recognition of the value of the nursing profession,driving the transformation of the nursing role towards a more proactive and leadership-oriented paradigm.It is suggested that all parties work together to maximize the utilization of existing facilitating factors,and create a supportive system for nurses to fulfill their core safety responsibilities.

To analyze the underlying causes of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae(CRKP) infection in intensive care unit(ICU) of a certain medical institution,and to systematically evaluate the effectiveness of the implemented control measures,so as to provide a basis for exploring effective strategies to curb the spread of CRKP infections.

On November 28,2023,4 cases of CRKP infection were detected in the neurology ICU ward of a certain medical institution,with an infection rate of 11.76%.A comprehensive review of the medical records of the patients was conducted,and standardized sampling was carried out on the frequently touched environmental surfaces in the ward.Laboratory tests and analyses of pathogenic microorganisms were also carried out.To identify potential sources of infection and transmission routes,on-site observations and evaluations were conducted on the implementation of hand hygiene by medical staff and the compliance of environmental cleaning and disinfection procedures.

The epidemiological investigation results revealed that the main cause of CRKP infection was closely related to the incomplete disinfection of environmental surfaces in the ward(especially in the frequently touched areas) and the low compliance of medical staff with hand hygiene measures.The hospital administrators promptly formulated and implemented a number of targeted strengthening control measures,and 4 patients recovered and were discharged from the hospital.No CRKP infection cases were found in the hospital.

Strictly implementing thorough disinfection of environmental surfaces and effectively improving the compliance of medical staff with hand hygiene are the key links for quickly controlling the CRKP infection in ICU.Establishing and implementing a strict hospital infection prevention and control system play a decisive role in blocking the transmission of drug-resistant bacteria.

To conduct a scoping review of the application of mobile medical technology in self-management of patients with osteoporosis,and to understand the intervention duration,functional characteristics,presentation characteristics and outcome indicators of mobile medical technology,so as to provide a reference for future research in this field.

This paper systematically retrieved literature on the application of mobile medical technology in the self-management of patients with osteoporosis from the following databases:China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),WanFang Database,VIP Chinese Journal Service Platform,China Biomedical Literature Service System,PubMed,Web of Science,Cochrane Library,EMbase,Scopus,and EBSCO.The retrieval period spanned from the establishment of the databases until May 5, 2025.The included literature was summarized and analyzed.

A total of 13 pieces of literature were included.The intervention duration of mobile medical technology ranged from 1 to 24 months.The main functional features of mobile medical technology included customizing and pushing health education knowledge,transmitting patients' health information,feeding back patients' information,regular follow-up,personalized reminders and notifications,etc.The presentation characteristics were personalization,information visualization and dynamics.The outcome indicators were self-management indicators,intervention effect indicators and doctor-patient experience indicators.

Mobile medical technology has played a positive role in the self-management of patients with osteoporosis.Future research could synergistically apply applications,wearable devices and virtual reality technology in the self-management of osteoporosis patients to construct a closed-loop management system of "monitoring,assessment,feedback,intervention",thereby reducing the risk of fractures for patients,improving the quality of life and alleviate the burden on public health.

To conduct a scoping review of studies on postoperative functional recovery trajectories in patients undergoing total shoulder arthroplasty(TSA),and to summarize patterns of functional change and associated influencing factors,so as to provide a evidence-based reference for postoperative rehabilitation management.

Relevant literature was systematically searched in CNKI,WanFang Database,Chinese Biomedical Literature Database,Chinese Journal Full-text Database,EMbase, PubMed,Web of Science,EBSCO,Scopus,and the Cochrane Library.The retrieval period was from the establishment of the databases until May 26,2025.

A total of 15 studies were included.The number of functional recovery trajectories identified in patients undergoing TSA ranged from 1 to 3.The most frequently used follow-up time points were 3 months,6 months,1 year,and 2 years postoperatively.Common evaluation indicators included joint function,range of motion,pain level and quality of life.The recovery speed of joint function in TSA patients was relatively fast within 3 to 6 months,and the improvement in function tended to be stable from 6 to 12 months.After one year,the function remained stable with little change.The influencing factors of the functional recovery trajectories in TSA patients included age,gender,type of underlying disease,ASA classification,Walch classification,surgical method, previous shoulder surgery history,psychological state,and social economic burden.

The functional recovery trajectories of TSA patients exhibit both a single overall trend as well as multiple types of trajectories.In the future,longitudinal data research should be strengthened to clarify the different types of recovery trajectories and their influencing factors,in order to provide a basis for precise postoperative rehabilitation management.

To systematically review the outcome indicators used in non-pharmacological intervention studies for elderly patients with oral frailty,so as to provide evidence-based support for developing non-pharmacological intervention protocols and their effectiveness evaluation systems for oral frailty in older adults.

A systematic search was conducted in PubMed,EMbase,Cochrane Library,SinoMed,CNKI,WanFang,and VIP databases for relevant literature,with the search period extending from database inception to December 31, 2025.Data were extracted from the included studies,with a focus on analyzing the types of outcome indicators and their corresponding measurement tools.

A total of 33 studies were included,comprising 32 English-language and 1 Chinese-language publication.Forty-two outcome indicators were extracted and categorized into 5 core domains and 19 outcome domains based on the Core Outcome Measures in Effectiveness Trials(COMET) classification framework.

There is a lack of standardized criteria for selecting outcome indicators in non-pharmacological intervention studies for elderly patients with oral frailty.It is recommended to establish a core outcome set to promote the standardization of oral frailty intervention research. Future studies should emphasize patient-centered outcome indicators and the long-term follow-up of intervention effects.