Latest ArticlesThe Dendrobium polysaccharide（DP）is one of the main functional components of Shihu（Dendrobium dendrobium）, which has become a hot spot in current research because of its wide range of biological activities. This paper systematically expounded the research progress of the extraction, isolation and purification, content determination, structure identification and antitumor activity of DP at home and abroad in the past 10 years, analyzed the shortcomings in the current research of DP. For example, although DP are diverse, the extraction rate is affected by various factors, and the different extraction methods have an impact on the structure and activity of DP. The extraction, isolation and purification methods have not been standardized. In the stage of monosaccharides and molecular weight measurement, the relationship between the structure is not clear enough. At the same time, DP, especially small molecule DP, polysaccharide fragments in small molecules, inhibits the proliferation of tumor cells, promotes tumor cell apoptosis, autophagy, anti-metastasis and anti-invasion. And it looked forward to the future research directions of DP, established the quality standards for the extraction, isolation and purification of DP, further accurately identifed the structure of DP, promoted the research on advanced structures, applied the emerging omics technologies to study the relationship between the structure of DP and anti-tumor activity, and revealed its anti-tumor mechanism in order to provide a theoretical basis for the development and reasonable application of DP.
As the rhizome of the plant of Compositaceae, the traditional Chinese medicine Baizhu（Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma）has the effects of strengthening spleen and replenishing Qi, eliminating dampness and diuresis, anti-perspirant and miscarriage prevention. Its chemical active components mainly include lactones, polysaccharides, volatile oils, flavonoids, glycosides, etc. Modern pharmacological research shows that Baizhu（Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma）has the effects of regulating gastrointestinal tract, protecting cardiovascular and nervous system, protecting liver, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, anti-oxidant and regulating immunity and can be used for the treatment and prevention of gastrointestinal tract, nervous system, liver, tumor and other diseases. In this review, the anti-tumor mechanism of the main chemical components of Baizhu（Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma）was summarized. It can exert anti-tumor effects by inhibiting tumor cell proliferation, inducing tumor cell apoptosis, inhibiting tumor cell migration and invasion, blocking tumor cell cycle, inhibiting tumor neovascularization and regulating tumor microenvironment. The aim of this review was to provide important reference basis for the anti-tumor application of Baizhu（Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma）and its main chemical components.
To investigate the effect of Shengqing Jiangzhuo Capsule（升清降浊胶囊, SQJZC）on membranous nephropathy in rats and its specific mechanism.
The rat model of membranous nephropathy was established, and the rats were treated with different concentrations of SQJZC. Biochemical indicators were determined, including 24-hour proteinuria, blood urea nitrogen（BUN）, serum creatinine（SCR）, triglyceride（TG）, total cholesterol（TC）, alanine aminotransferase（ALT）and aspartate aminotransferase（AST）. Hematoxylin eosin（HE）and periodic acid silver amine（PASM）staining were conducted to observe the pathological changes of glomerulus. The related indexes of Wnt1/β-catenin signaling pathway were detected by Western blot.
After SQJZC treatment, the 24 h urine protein of the rats decreased（P < 0.05）. There were no significant changes in BUN, SCR, AST or ALT in each group. Compared with those in the model group, the levels of TC and TG in the SQJZC group decreased in some degrees（P < 0.05）. The pathological staining results showed that SQJZC could alleviate the glomerular capillary basement membrane thickening in rats. Western blot results showed that SQJZC could restore the expression of nephrin protein in renal tissue. Compared with those of the blank group, the expression levels of MMP-7, Cyclin D1, CTGF, Wnt1, c-Myc, β-catenin and active β-catenin in the model group were increased（P < 0.05）. Compared with those of the model group, the expression levels of MMP-7, Cyclin D1, CTGF, Wnt1, c-Myc, β-catenin and active β-catenin in the SQJZC group were decreased（P < 0.05）.
SQJZC could alleviate the renal injury in rats with membranous nephropathy, and its mechanism may be through Wnt1/β-catenin signaling pathway.
To observe the clinical effect of acupuncture combined with Modified Liuwei Dihuang Pill（六味地黄丸加味）on the elderly stroke patients with hypertension（Yin deficiency of liver and kidney type）and its impact on blood pressure levels.
A hundred and ten elderly stroke patients with hypertension treated in the Traditional Chinese Medicine Department of The Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University from January 2021 to January 2024 were randomly divided into a control group and an experimental group, with 55 patients in each group. The control group was treated with nifedipine controlled-release tablets, while the experimental group was treated with acupuncture combined with Modified Liuwei Dihuang Pills. The clinical efficacy, blood pressure, blood lipid levels and safety were compared between two groups.
The effective rate of the experimental group（94.55%, 52/55）was significantly better than that of the control group（83.64%, 46/55）. Compared with those before intervention, the systolic and diastolic blood pressures of the patients in both groups were significantly reduced after 4 and 8 weeks of intervention（P < 0.05）. Compared with those in the control group, the systolic and diastolic blood pressures of the patients in the experimental group were significantly reduced after intervention for 4 and 8 weeks（P < 0.05）. Compared with those before intervention, the levels of TC, TG and LDL-C in both groups were significantly down-regulated after 4 and 8 weeks of intervention, while the level of HDL-C was significantly up-regulated（P < 0.05）. Compared with those of the control group, the levels of TC, TG and levels of the experimental group were significantly down regulated after 4 and 8 weeks of intervention, while the HDL-C level was significantly up-regulated（P < 0.05）. Compared with those before intervention, the NIHSS scores of both groups were significantly reduced after 4 and 8 weeks of intervention（P < 0.05）. Compared with those of the control group, the NIHSS scores of the experimental group were significantly reduced after 4 and 8 weeks of intervention（P < 0.05）. Compared with those before intervention, the SS-QOL scores of both groups were significantly up-regulated after 4 and 8 weeks of intervention（P < 0.05）. Compared with those in the control group, the SS-QOL scores of the patients in the experimental group were significantly up-regulated after 4 and 8 weeks of intervention（P < 0.05）. During the pre-treatment period, the main adverse reactions of the patients included nausea and vomiting, loss of appetite, palpitations and chest tightness, dizziness and headache, but there was no significant difference in the total incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups（P > 0.05）.
Acupuncture combined with Modified Liuwei Dihuang Pills can achieve better clinical efficacy in the elderly stroke patients with hypertension（Yin deficiency of liver and kidney type）. It can control the systolic and diastolic blood pressures more smoothly, reduce the blood lipids, improve the neurological and limb functions of the stroke patients, and has higher safety.
Xuanyu Tongjing Decoction（宣郁通经汤）, listed in the Catalogue of Ancient Classical Famous Formulas（First Batch）, has a wide range of clinical applications. However, the current research on this formula primarily consists of clinical reports, with a notable lack of comprehensive bibliographic analysis. This study aimed to fill this gap by systematically reviewing and analyzing the literature on Xuanyu Tongjing Decoction. The formula＇s name was first defined in FU Qingzhu’s Gynecology, and its composition later evolved into Jiawei Xiaoyao Powder（加味逍遥散）, one of the most widely used formulas globally. Additionally, this study examined the origins of the medicinal ingredients used in its preparation. The findings provided an accurate theoretical foundation and comprehensive literature references, supporting the inheritance, innovation and application of classical formulas in modern research.
To study the effects of Qingjin Huatan Decoction（清金化痰汤）and Qianjin Weijian Decoction（千金苇茎汤）on patients with bronchiectasis and infection.
A total of 106 patients with bronchiectasis and infection admitted to the hospital from April 2022 to April 2024 were selected as the study objects. The patients were divided into two groups by random number table method. Fifty-three patients receiving conventional western medicine treatment were established as the control group, on the basis of conventional western medicine, 53 patients who were treated with Qingjin Huatan Decoction and Qianjin Weijian decoction as the experiment group. Both groups were treated for 2 weeks. After treatment, the clinical efficacy, improvement degree of traditional Chinese medicine symptoms, lung function before and after treatment, sputum culture results, serum inflammatory markers, bronchiectasis severity index（BSI）score, lung lobe involvement and safety of the two groups were observed and compared.
The total effective rate of the experimental group was 96.23%, higher than that（84.91%）of the control group（P < 0.05）. After treatment, the scores of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome in both groups decreased, and compared with the control group, the experimental group showed a more significant decrease（P < 0.05）. After treatment, compared with the control group, the experimental group had higher levels of forced expiratory volume in the first second（FEV1）and the ratio of forced expiratory volume in the first second to lung capacity（FEV1/FVC）, and lower levels of BSI grading and lung lobe involvement（P < 0.05）. After treatment, compared with the control group, the experimental group had lower levels of white blood cell count（WBC）, C-reactive protein（CRP）and procalcitonin（PCT）（P < 0.05）. The pathogen detection rate of the experimental group was 11.32%, lower than that（32.08%）of the control group. The experimental group had fewer pathogen types（P < 0.05）. The adverse reaction rate of the experimental group was 5.66%, lower than that（20.75%）of the control group（P < 0.05）.
The combination of Qingjin Huatan Decoction and Qianjin Weijian Decoction has a good effect on the patients with bronchiectasis and infection, which can effectively reduce the clinical symptoms of patients, improve the lung function, reduce the inflammation and promote the rehabilitation of patients.
According to textual research, 17 of the 31 species of Polygonatum in China are used in 24 ethnic minorities, and the research on their material basis mainly focuses on Huangjing（Polygonatum sibiricum）, Dianhuangjing（Polygonatum kingianum）, Duohua Huangjing（Polygonatum cyrtonema）, etc., which have the anti-osteoporosis, anti-diabetes mellitus, lipid-lowering, anti-aging, immune regulation and anti-tumour effects, and their main active material bases are polysaccharides, saponins, flavonoids and other constituents. However, despite the rich medicinal value and material basis of the ethnomedicinal resources of the genus Polygonatum, the research and application of some Polygonatum plants are still weak, and their medicinal mechanism and clinical application value are still to be deeply excavated and verified. In addition, because there are many varieties of Polygonatum, with different chemical compositions and structural types, the quality and quality of these varieties are also different, which makes the biological activities also different, and thus the research on their quality standards needs to be further improved. Therefore, the systematic research and exploitation of ethnomedicinal resources of Polygonatum is particularly important. In this study, it reviewed the current status of drug resources, pharmacological activity and quality research of this genus, and explored the active substance bases of different functions in order to provide a scientific basis for the quality control evaluation and the formulation of relevant standards.
To study the curative effect of Sangma Xingbei Decoction combined with budesonide and ipratropium bromide on acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease（AECOPD）and its influence on lung function and inflammatory factors.
A hundred patients with AECOPD admitted to the hospital from February 2022 to January 2024 were randomly divided into 50 control groups and 50 treatment group. The control group was treated with budesonide and ipratropium bromide, while the treatment group was treated with Sangma Xingbei Decoction based on the control group. Both groups were treated for 2 weeks. The clinical efficacy, traditional Chinese medicine symptom scores（cough, expectoration, wheezing and shortness of breath）, lung function［forced vital capacity（FVC）, forced expiratory volume in the first second（FEV1）, FEV1/FVC］and inflammatory factors（tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-8 and interleukin-6）before and after treatment were compared between the two groups.
The total effective rate of the treatment group was higher than that of the control group（P < 0.05）. After 2 weeks of treatment, the scores of traditional Chinese medicine symptom scores and inflammatory factors in the two groups decreased, and the above indexes in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group, the levels of pulmonary function indexes in both groups increased, and the above indexes in the treatment group were higher than those in the control group（P < 0.05）.
Sangma Xingbei Decoction combined with budesonide and ipratropium bromide can improve the curative effect of patients with AECOPD, and has more advantages in improving lung function and reducing inflammatory reaction.
To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of Shenling Baizhu Powder（参苓白术散）combined with methalazine in the treatment of ulcerative colitis with spleen deficiency and dampness syndrome.
A total of 82 ulcerative colitis patients with spleen deficiency and dampness syndrome admitted from March 2021 to March 2024 were divided into groups by random number table method. According to different treatment methods, the patients were divided into the methalazine group treated solely with methalazine and the combined TCM group treated with Shenling Baizhu Powder combined with methalazine, with 41 cases in each group. The therapeutic effect, the symptom remission time（mucous, pus and blood stools, abdominal pain and diarrhea）, the changes of TCM syndrome scores such as mucous, pus and blood stools, loose stool diarrhea, abdominal distension, abdominal pain and fatigue before and after treatment, as well as the improved Mayo SCore（Mayo）and disease activity index（DAI）were observed in two groups. The changes in DAI scores, tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α）, interleukin-8（IL-8）and interleukin-17（IL-17）, and the quality of life of the two groups were assessed by inflammatory bowel disease quality of life questionnaire（IBDQ）, and the adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.
The total effective rate of the combined TCM group was significantly higher than that of the mesalazine group, and the symptom remission time（mucous, pus and blood stools, abdominal pain and diarrhea）was shorter than that of the mesalazine group（P < 0.05）. The TCM syndrome scores such as mucous, pus and blood stools, loose stool diarrhea, abdominal distension, abdominal pain and fatigue of the two groups before treatment were not significant（P > 0.05）. After treatment, the scores of TCM symptoms such as mucus, abscess, blood stool, loose stool diarrhea, abdominal distension, abdominal pain and fatigue, Mayo and DAI scores, the levels of TNF-α, IL-8 and IL-17, and IBDQ scores were improved in two groups. And these scores and levels in combined Chinese medicine group were better than those in mesalazine group（P < 0.05）. The adverse reaction rate of the combined TCM group was lower than that of the mesalazine group（P < 0.05）.
The combination of Shenling Baizhu Powder and methalazine in the treatment of ulcerative colitis with spleen deficiency and dampness has a good effect, and the clinical symptoms and quality of life of the patients have been significantly improved after treatment, which can better promote the recovery of the patients, and the treatment is safe and reliable.
The effects of electroacupuncture at “Zulanli（ST36）” on the energy metabolism of myocardial tissue in rats with spleen Qi deficiency were observed, and the intervention mechanism was investigated. Sixty SD rats were randomly divided into blank control group, model group, acupuncture group and non-meridian and non-acupuncture group. The rat model of spleen Qi deficiency was established by the composite factor of “excessive labour and dietary disorders”, the blank control group was raised normally without intervention, the acupuncture group was given electroacupuncture intervention at bilateral “Zulanli（ST36）”, and the non-meridian non-acupuncture group was given non-meridian non-acupuncture acupoints to perform the electroacupuncture control, once a day for 14 d. The general state, body mass and grip strength of the rats were observed at the end of the intervention. The content of adenosine triphosphate（ATP）in myocardial tissue was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA）. The expression levels of glucose transportor（GLUT4）and glucose transportor（GLUT1）in myocardial tissues were detected by immunofluorescence（IF）method. The expression levels of insulin receptor substrate-1（IRS1）, phosphoinosmode-3-kinase（PI3K）, protein kinase B（AKT）and GLUT4 were detected by immunohistochemistry（IHC）method and quantitative real-time fluorescence PCR（RT-qPCR）. Western blot（WB）method was used to detect the protein expression levels of PI3K, AKT and GLUT4 in myocardial tissues. The results showed that compared with those in the blank control group, the rats in the model group and the non-meridian and non-acupoint group were in poorer general condition, in the same trend as the decrease in body weight and grip strength. The ATP production in myocardial tissue was significantly reduced（P < 0.05）, and the protein expression levels and mRNA levels of IRS1, PI3K, AKT, GLUT4 and GLUT1 significantly decreased（P < 0.05）. The rats in the acupuncture group had good general condition, body mass and grip strength, and significantly decreased ATP production in myocardial tissues（P < 0.05）, compared with those in the model group. Compared with those in the model group, the rats in the acupuncture group were in good condition, body mass and grip strength increased, ATP production in myocardial tissues increased significantly（P < 0.05）, and protein expression levels and mRNA levels of IRS1, PI3K, AKT, GLUT4 and GLUT1 increased significantly（P < 0.05）. The mechanism by which electroacupuncture at “Zulanli（ST36）” improved the cardiac energy metabolism in rats with spleen Qi deficiency may be related to the activation of PI3K/AKT/GLUT4 signalling pathway and the enhancement of glucose transport function in myocardial tissues.
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