To analyse the association between high blood pressure and dietary behaviors among children and adolescents aged 9 to 17 years in Inner Mongolia, and to develop targeted preventive measures for high blood pressure among children and adolescents in Inner Mongolia.

The data were obtained from the National Monitoring and Intervention Work Program for Common Diseases and Health Influencing Factors in Students, and a total of 129 821 primary and secondary school students were included in the stratified random cluster sampling method in September each year. The χ² test was used for the analysis of single factors, and binary logistic regression was used for multifactorial analyses, and risk prediction of high blood pressure was performed by column-line plots.

In Inner Mongolia, the overall high blood pressure of children and adolescents aged 9-17 years was 16.23%, with simple systolic blood pressure increase as the main cause. By gender, the overall high blood pressure rates of boys and girls were 15.42% and 17.05%, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (χ²=63.38, P<0.001); the overall high blood pressure rates of primary schools, junior high school, and high school were 14.95%, 16.89%, and 17.77%, respectively, according to the school segments. The difference was statistically significant (χ²=124.95, P<0.001). Logistic regression model analysis showed that the risk of high blood pressure was higher in female students than in male students (OR=1.13, 95% CI:1.10-1.17), and the risk of high blood pressure was higher in junior high school and high school students than in primary school students [OR=1.14(95% CI:1.10-1.18), 1.18(95% CI:1.13-1.23), respectively], the risk of high blood pressure was lower for students in flag counties than for students in urban areas (OR=0.89,95% CI:0.86-0.92), and the rate of high blood pressure was lower for Mongolian and other students than for Han Chinese students [OR=0.96(95% CI:0.92-0.99), and 0.93(95% CI:0.87-0.99)], the risk of high BP was lower for those who ate fried food ≤1 time per week than for those who ate it ≥2 times per week (OR=0.86,95% CI:0.77-0.97), the risk of high BP was lower for those who ate chocolate ≤1 time per week than for those who ate it ≥2 times per week (OR=0.94,95% CI:0.91-0.97), and the risk of high BP was lower for those who ate butter ≤1 time per week had a lower risk of high blood pressure than students who ate it ≥2 times per week (OR=0.95,95% CI:0.92-0.98), ate pastry ≤1 time per week had a lower risk of high blood pressure than students who ate it ≥2 times per week (OR=0.93,95% CI:0.90-0.96), and drank soya milk ≤1 time per week had a higher risk of high blood pressure than students who drank it ≥2 times per week (OR=1.13,95% CI:1.03-1.24), and students who ate breakfast every day had a higher risk of high blood pressure than those who ate it sometimes or never [OR=1.15(95% CI:1.11-1.19),1.23(95% CI:1.15-1.31), respectively].

Dietary behaviour is closely associated with high blood pressure in children and adolescents, and this aspect should be actively addressed in future preventive measures.

To systematically assess the trend of high BMI-related gout disease burden in China, Japan and Korea and globally from 1990 to 2021, and to provide a scientific basis for gout prevention and control.

Based on data from the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD), the disease burden characteristics of high BMI-induced gout were resolved by gender and age group,and trends in the rate of standardized disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) were analyzed by using the Joinpoint regression model,and trends in the burden of disease were predicted for the period of 2022-2035 by the ARIMA model.

From 1990 to 2021,the rates of standardized DALYs among adults in China,Japan,Korea,and the world showed a simultaneous upward trend,with an increase of 114.82% in China,which was significantly higher than that of Japan(38.41%),Korea(62.40%), and the global average(62.01%). Gender analysis showed that the rate of standardized DALYs was higher in males than in females in all regions. The age distribution showed a single-peak pattern of increasing and then decreasing, with peak ages of 55-59 years for males and 65-69 years for females in China and globally, whereas peak ages were reached most recently in Japan for males(70-74 years) and females(75-79 years), and peak ages for males in South Korea(60-64 years) were in the middle of the range between China and Japan, and peak ages for females were in line with the global trend(65-69 years).The results of the Joinpoint regression showed that the peak ages of 1990-2021 DALYs rates of gouty diseases attributable to high BMI in China,Japan,and Korea and globally were on the rise in 2021 (AAPC was 2.50%,1.04%,1.58%,and 1.58%,respectively,all P<0.05).

The burden of gout associated with high BMI continues to increase in China,Japan,Korea,and globally,and it is necessary to strengthen the comprehensive management of BMI in the population and to implement focused interventions for high-risk age and gender groups.

To conduct molecular surveillance and evolutionary analysis of avian influenza virus (AIV) in air samples collected from the live poultry wholesale market in Changsha, providing laboratory data for the prevention and control of human AIV infections.

Air samples were collected from poultry stalls in live poultry wholesale market in Changsha. AIV nucleic acid detection and nucleotide sequencing were performed. The sequencing results were analyzed using BLAST, key amino acid (aa) residue alignment, and nucleotide evolutionary analysis.

All 27 air samples from the live poultry wholesale market tested positive for AIV nucleic acid (100% positivity rate). Two AIV nucleotide sequences (CS17 and CS11) were obtained. For CS17, the HA and NA genes exhibited the highest nucleotide similarities to A/duck/Bangladesh/38285/2019(H11N3)(98.47%) and A/mallard/South Korea/JB21-58/2019 (H5N3) (98.94%), respectively. For CS11, the HA and NA genes showed the highest nucleotide similarities to A/environment/Fujian/EV01/2020(H11N3)(95.34%) and A/duck/Wenzhou/771/2013 (H7N3) (95.30%), respectively. Internal gene analysis revealed that CS17 originated from H3N8, H4N6, H3N2, and H6N1 viruses, while CS11 was derived from H7N9, H3N2, and related viruses. Both CS17 and CS11 were identified as H11N3 subtype AIV (abbreviated as H11N3-CS17 and H11N3-CS11, respectively).The H11N3-CS17, H11N3-CS11, and 101 H11N3 strains (retrieved from GISAID) exhibited conserved molecular features in their HA proteins. All strains retained a single basic amino acid (aa) at the HA cleavage site and preserved Q/G residues at the receptor-binding sites. No critical mutations were observed at R293K (NA protein), S31N (M2 protein), E627K, or D701N (PB2 protein), nor deletions in the 69-73 (NA protein) or 218-230 (NS1 protein) regions. Notably, specific mutations were identified: L89V (PB2 protein), and N30D and T215A (M1 protein). Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the HA and NA genes of both strains belonged to the Eurasian lineage. H11N3-CS17 clustered into a subclade with H11N3 viruses from ducks in Bangladesh and Japan, while H11N3-CS11 formed a subclade with H11N3 viruses from domestic ducks and live poultry market environments in China.

Two H11N3 subtype AIV strains were identified in air samples from the live poultry wholesale market in Changsha. These strains exhibited molecular features of low pathogenicity and avian receptor specificity but displayed distinct genetic reassortment and evolutionary subclades, warranting further surveillance.

To investigate the relationship between the ratio of non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (NHHR) and new-onset stroke in different glucose metabolism states, and to provide new perspectives on stroke prevention and treatment.

Based on data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), a total of 8 567 participants were selected to participate in five surveys in 2011, 2013, 2015, 2018, and 2020. First, the cumulative risk of stroke onset was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method based on NHHR quartile groupings, and the Log-rank test was used to compare differences between groups. Second, the association between NHHR and new-onset stroke in the total population and in individuals with different glucose metabolic status was analyzed using Cox proportional risk regression models, and interaction analyses were performed.

A total of 745 (8.4%) participants had a new stroke during the 9-year follow-up period. The incidence of stroke in the NHHR quartiles from Q1 to Q4 groups was 6.1%, 8.2%, 9.4%, and 11.1%, respectively. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed a significant difference in cumulative incidence risk of stroke among the different NHHR groups (P<0.05). Cox regression modeling showed that the risk of stroke was increased by 34%, 56%, and 75% in Q2, Q3, and Q4 groups, respectively, compared with Q1 group, with HR and 95% CI of 1.34 (1.07-1.68), 1.56 (1.25-1.95), and 1.75 (1.41-2.18). In prediabetic and diabetic patients, elevated NHHR increased the risk of stroke onset, whereas the association was not observed in the normoglycemic group, and there was a significant interaction between NHHR and glucose metabolic status (P=0.020).

NHHR is positively associated with the risk of new stroke and shows different characteristics in different glycaemic states.

To analyze the contamination status of Listeria monocytogenes in the production and distribution stages of enoki mushrooms in Chengdu.

A total of 180 samples were collected from two major enoki mushroom manufacturers in Chengdu, including enoki mushrooms (30 samples), culture media (14 samples), environmental samples (25 samples), tools and equipment (64 samples), operators (30 samples), and other samples (17 samples). L.monocytogenes was isolated and identified according to the 2024 National Manual for Monitoring Food Contaminants and Harmful Factors. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was conducted on the isolates to predict serotypes and analyze lineages, sequence types (ST), clonal complexes (CC), antimicrobial resistance genes, and virulence genes. Homology among strains was determined based on core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST) genetic characteristics.

A total of 69 L.monocytogenes strains were detected from 180 samples, with an overall detection rate of 38.33%. The strains belonged to two lineages (I and II), with lineage II being predominant (97.10%, 67/69). Three serotypes were identified, among which serotype 1/2a,3a was dominant (94.20%, 65/69). Seven CC types were detected, with CC8 (52.17%, 36/69) and CC155 (30.43%, 21/69) being dominant. Eight ST types were identified, among which ST8 (52.17%, 36/69) and ST155 (30.43%, 21/69) were the predominant types. All strains carried only the antimicrobial resistance gene fosX. All 69 strains carried virulence island 1 (LIPI-1), and six virulence genes (prfA, plcA, hly, mpl, actA, and plcB) were all positive. All 69 strains also carried virulence island 2 (LIPI-2); among the nine virulence genes, inlA, inlB, inlC, and inlJ were positive in all strains; inlE, inlG, and inlH were all negative; and the carriage rates of inlF and inlK were both 97.10% (67/69). CgMLST clustering analysis revealed the presence of homologous strains.

L.monocytogenes contamination is present in both the production and distribution stages of enoki mushrooms in Chengdu, with a potential for cross-contamination. Although current antimicrobial resistance is not severe, the strains harbor numerous virulence genes, suggesting potential for acquiring resistance genes and posing a threat to human health.

To understand the health care providers’ willingness to recommend nasal spray influenza vaccine and the influencing factors, and to provide suggestions for formulating an immunization service strategy for the nasal spray influenza vaccine.

From March to May 2023, a convenience sampling method was used to conduct an online questionnaire survey among 171 health care providers in vaccination clinics in Shanghai, Weifang and Wuhan. We analyzed their willingness to recommend nasal spray influenza, as well as the reasons and influencing factors.

The willingness of Chinese health care providers to recommend the nasal spray influenza vaccine was 83.04%. The more the vaccine and the more they accepted the vaccine, the higher the willingness was (OR=2.71,95% CI:1.50-4.63,P<0.001). The reasons why they were willing to recommend the vaccine were that they believed in its safety, fewer side effects, effectiveness and convenience of vaccination. The main reasons for being unwilling to recommend it were that they lacked the knowledge about the supplier and pricing method of the vaccine, and trust in its safety and effectiveness.

Chinese health care providers have a high willingness to recommend nasal spray influenza vaccine, which is mainly affected by their perception of and acceptance about the vaccine. During the formulation of the vaccine’s immunization service strategy, providing health education and specific training to health care providers may help them understand the market information, safety and effectiveness of the vaccine.

To estimate the utilization of cancer screening and physical examinations in Beijing and analyses its main influencing factors, and to provide evidence for improving cancer prevention and control strategy.

From November to December 2024, a questionnaire survey was conducted among residents aged 35 to 74 from 10 districts in Beijing using probability proportionate to size (PPS) sampling and random sampling. Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression was employed to explore the potential factors influencing residents’ cancer screening behavior.

A total of 4 452 residents were included in the analysis, with 39.4% having undergone cancer screenings or physical examinations within the past 5 years. Female residents (OR=1.33, 95% CI: 1.16-1.52), those with basic medical insurance (OR=1.63, 95% CI: 1.41-1.89), residents with a family history of cancer (OR=2.11, 95% CI: 1.78-2.50), and those willing to uptake cancer screening and physical examinations (OR =1.71, 95% CI: 1.46-2.01) were more likely to have cancer screening(P<0.05).

The utilization rate of cancer screening and physical examinations among residents in Beijing remains low. To address this issue, measures such as innovating “individual-family” and “extended-family” cancer screening models, promoting the translation of cancer prevention knowledge into actionable behaviors, supporting the adoption of appropriate screening technologies, and establishing and intelligent management system should be implemented. These measures will comprehensively improve the coverage of cancer screening and physical examination services among residents, thereby achieving cancer early diagnosis and treatment, and contributing to the Healthy China initiative.

To investigate and to analyze the residue status of fishery anesthetics in commonly marketed fresh and live freshwater fish and shrimp in Shandong Province.

From 2021 to 2023, a total of 480 freshwater fish and shrimp were collected from 16 prefecture-level cities in Shandong Province, and the four anesthetics of eugenol, MS-222, diazepam, and oxazepam were detected by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS).

Among the four anesthetics, eugenol had the highest detection rate of 31.9% (153/480), followed by diazepam and oxazepam with detection rates of 6.7% (32/480) and 3.1% (15/480), and MS-222 was not detected. Eugenol had the highest detection rate and level of detection in grass carp, diazepam was detected only in fish and oxazepam was detected only in shrimp.

The primary fishery anesthetic detected in commonly marketed fresh and live freshwater fish and shrimp in Shandong Province is eugenol, with overall low residue levels.

To investigate the impact of social capital on the patient activation of rural empty-nest elderly patients with chronic diseases and the mediating role of self-efficacy.

A questionnaire survey was conducted among 425 rural empty-nest older adults with chronic diseases using multistage stratified random sampling combined with convenience sampling. Pearson correlation analysis was employed to examine the relationships between variables. Independent t-tests and ANOVA were used for group comparisons. Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to examine the effects of social capital and self-efficacy on patient activation. The mediating role of self-efficacy between social capital and patient activation was analyzed using the PROCESS macro.

Correlation analysis showed that social capital, self-efficacy, and patient activation were positively correlated with each other (r=0.300, 0.224, and 0.312, P<0.001). The mediation effect analysis indicated that social capital (β=0.224, 95% CI:0.116-0.283), social participation (β=0.141, 95% CI:0.035-0.166), social support (β=0.189, 95% CI: 0.075-0.215), and social connections (β=0.180, 95% CI:0.049-0.152) had significant direct predictive effects on patient activation. Additionally, self-efficacy played a partial mediating role, accounting for 12.50% of the total effect.

Primary healthcare teams and government authorities should focus on and strengthen the dual-pathway intervention of social capital development and self-efficacy enhancement for rural empty-nest elderly patients with chronic diseases. This approach can more effectively activate their engagement in autonomous health management.

To establish a method for the determination of three datura alkaloids including atropine, hyoscine and racanisodamine in poisoned samples by ultra performance liquid chromatography-hybrid triple quadrupole linear ion trap-mass spectrometry(UPLC-QqLIT-MS), and provide scientific basis for the quick handling of food poisoning event and the clinical treatment of patients.

Blood, urine and residual food samples from patients were added with borax-NaOH buffer solution, and the analytes were extracted using ethyl acetate, dried with nitrogen, and dissolved in the initial mobile phase. Separation was achieved on a DikmaLeapsil C18 chromatographic column (2.1 mm×150 mm, 2.7 μm) with gradient elution using a mobile phase consisting of water and acetonitrile (containing 0.1% formic acid and 2 mmol/L ammonium formate). The quantitative determination was carried out by using the multi reaction monitoring mode, and the qualitative analysis of the suspected positive results was carried out by using the enhanced product ion (EPI) scanning mode.

The three alkaloids exhibited good linearity (r ≥ 0.997 1) within the concentration range of 0.5-100 μg/L across different matrices. The detection limits ranged from 0.05 to 0.12μg/L.The average recoveries were 91.9%-110.0%, with relative standard deviations of 1.16%-9.03%. The EPI scanning function can effectively eliminated false positive results by confirming suspicious positives.

This method is simple, rapid, and accurate for qualitative and quantitative determination of atropine, hyoscine, and racanisodamine in poisoned samples. It effectively reduces false positives and is suitable for screening and confirmation of datura alkaloid poisoning.