To explore the association between depressive symptoms and all-cause mortality and cardiovascular disease mortality in patients with chronic comorbidity.

Single-factor analysis was performed using chi-square test, and the relationship between PHQ-9 scores, depressive symptoms, and all-cause mortality as well as cardiovascular disease mortality in patients of multimorbidity were analyzed using COX proportional hazards regression model.

The results of the multivariable COX regression showed that as compared to those without depressive symptoms, patients of multimorbidity with depressive symptoms had HR=1.665 (95% CI: 1.135-2.444) for all-cause mortality and HR=2.090 (95% CI: 1.216-3.594) for cardiovascular mortality. With an increase in PHQ-9 score, the risks of all-cause mortality (HR=1.060, 95% CI: 1.014-1.107) (P_trend<0.010) and cardiovascular mortality (HR=1.072, 95% CI: 1.005-1.144) (P_trend<0.010) gradually increased. Subgroup analysis by urban and rural areas showed that there was an interaction between different urban and rural depressive symptoms on the risk of all-cause mortality in patients of multimorbidity (P interaction <0.05). In rural areas, patients of multimorbidity with depressive symptoms had 2.637 times (95% CI: 1.639-4.243) higher risk of all-cause mortality and 3.207 times (95% CI: 1.686-6.101) higher risk of cardiovascular mortality compared to those without depressive symptoms. With an increase in PHQ-9 score, the risks of all-cause mortality (P_trend<0.001) and cardiovascular mortality (P_trend<0.001) also increased. However, these associations were not significant in urban areas.

Depressive symptoms is a risk factor for all-cause mortality and cardiovascular disease mortality in patients of multimorbidity, and more attention should be paid to psychological interventions for patients of multimorbidity in rural areas to reduce the risk of mortality in patients of multimorbidity.

To descriptively analyze the epidemiological and pathogenetic characteristics of influenza (flu) in Chaoyang District from 2016 to 2023, and to provide a basis for scientific prevention and control of influenza.

Through the China Influenza Surveillance Information System, the etiology of influenza cases and influenza-like cases were collected, and epidemiological descriptions and statistical analysis were carried out, and χ² tests were used for comparison between groups.

A total of 210 738 influenza cases were reported in Chaoyang District from 2016 to 2023, with an average annual reported incidence rate of 829.81/100 000, and the highest incidence rate in the age group of 0-4 years (4 619.07/100 000). A total of 21 480 pharyngeal swab specimens of influenza-like cases were tested, with a positive detection rate of 14.14%. The positive rate of specimens in 2017-2018 was the highest (22.82%), and the positive rate in 2020-2021 was the lowest (0.77%), and the difference in the positive rate in different monitoring years was statistically significant (χ²=857.804, P<0.001). Influenza A viruses were mostly prevalent in winter, and influenza B viruses were mostly prevalent in winter and spring, and different subtypes of influenza viruses were prevalent at the same time or alternately. Of the 50 influenza outbreaks reported in Chaoyang District from 2016 to 2023, 96.00% occurred in primary and secondary schools.

The intensity of influenza epidemics in Beijing’s Chaoyang District varies in different monitoring years, and influenza A and B viruses show alternating epidemics. Children aged 0-14 years are the key population for influenza prevention and control, and schools are the key prevention and control sites.

To explore the relationship between muscle mass and disability in the elderly.

This study is based on the tracking survey data from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) from 2008 to 2018, utilizing Cox regression and constructing restricted cubic spline models to analyze the dose-response relationship between muscle mass and disability in the elderly.

A total of 2 165 elderly patients were followed up 4 times for an average of 10 years. Among them, 603 (27.8%) developed disability. After adjusting for confounders, muscle mass affected disability in the elderly(HR=0.879,95%CI:0.822-0.939). The RCS results showed that the association between muscle mass and disability risk in older adults was non-linear in both older men(P_{overall trend}<0.05,P_non-linear<0.05) and older women(P_{overall trend}<0.05, P_non-linear<0.05). It is suggested that ASMI level of 7.2 (kg/m²) and above should be maintained in elderly men and 5.2 (kg/m²) and above in elderly women.

Muscle mass is associated with disability in the elderly. Maintenance or improvement of muscle mass can improve the quality of life in the elderly.

To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis E in Heilongjiang Province from 2010 to 2022, and to provide scientific basis and data support for the prevention and control of hepatitis E in Heilongjiang Province.

The data of reported cases of hepatitis E in Heilongjiang Province from 2010 to 2022 were collected. Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to describe the temporal, spatial and population distribution characteristics of cases of hepatitis E. Joinpoint regression model was used to analyze the trend of hepatitis E. and to calculate the Annual Percentage Change (APC).

From 2010 to 2022, the reported incidence of hepatitis E in Heilongjiang Province showed a decreasing trend, and the annual reported incidence was 1.27/100 000. There were reported cases of hepatitis E in every month, and the peak period of hepatitis E was from October to April of the following year. Hepatitis E cases were reported every year in all cities (places) of Heilongjiang Province, and the top five regions reported annual incidence were Qitaihe City (238/100 000), Hegang City (203/100 000), Shuangyashan City (194/100 000), Jixi City (156/100 000) and Yichun City (154/100 000). The reported incidence rates of both men and women decreased year by year, with APC of -8.41% (95% CI: -11.31%- -5.42%, P<0.001) for men and -5.22% for women (95% CI：-9.12% - -1.09%，P=0.013), the incidence of male was higher than that of female. The cumulative number of cases in the 45-55 age group was 1 430(30.45%). The results of occupation distribution showed that 1 380 cases (29.39%) were housework and unemployed, and 1 204 cases (25.64%) were farmers.

The reported incidence of hepatitis E in Heilongjiang Province from 2010 to 2022 shows a decreasing trend, but there arestill significant seasonal, regional and population characteristics. Winter and spring arethe peak of the incidence, and men, 45-65 years old age group, household workers and unemployed people and farmers arethe high incidence groups of hepatitis E. In the future, targeted health publicity activities should be carried out for key groups to promote hepatitis E vaccination, which is expected to further reduce the incidence of hepatitis E in Heilongjiang Province.

To evaluate the current status and development trends of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) in China, providing decision support for policy adjustments by government and health departments.

Data extraction from the 2024 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database was conducted for indicators related to the incidence, prevalence, mortality, and Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) of IBD in China. Joinpoint regression analysis was used to calculate the Annual Percent Change (APC) and the Average Annual Percent Change (AAPC). Additionally, an Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average Model (ARIMA) was employed to forecast disease characteristics from 2022 to 2031.

From 1990 to 2021, the number of prevalent cases, incident cases, and deaths from IBD in China, as well as the age-standardized prevalence rate (ASPR), and age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) showed an upward trend. By 2021, these figures stood at 168077 prevalent cases, 24 941 new cases, and 5 640 deaths, with ASPR and ASIR reaching 9.16 per 100 000 people and 1.4 per 100 000 people, respectively, representing a significant increase compared to 1990 levels. Meanwhile, the age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) and age-standardized DALY rate (ASDR) exhibited a downward trend, standing at 0.33 per 100 000 people and 7.68 per 100 000 person-years in 2021, with notable differences observed across age groups and genders. The ARIMA model predicted that by 2031, the ASPR, ASIR, ASMR, and ASDR would decrease compared to 2021 levels, projecting figures of 5.23 per 100 000 people, 1.20 per 100 000 people, 0.21 per 100 000 people, and 5.41 per 100 000 person-years, respectively.

Currently, the incidence and prevalence of IBD in China are on the rise. Although this trend may change over the next decade, given China’s large population base and demographic structure, it is essential to strengthen primary and secondary prevention efforts among key populations, particularly males and the elderly.

To investigate the association between smoking behavior and diabetes among adult hypertensive patients aged 20 years and above.

Using annual health examination data from the National Basic Public Health Service Program for hypertensive patients in Jianye District, Nanjing (2019-2023), logistic regression was employed to analyze the association between smoking behavior and diabetes in adult hypertensive patients aged≥20 years. Restricted cubic spline curves were used to explore the dose-response relationships between daily cigarette consumption, smoking duration, and smoking index with diabetes.

Among 55 128 participants, 14 102 were identified as having diabetes. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that, compared with non-smokers, former smokers (OR＝1.17, 95% CI: 1.01-1.35) and current smokers (OR＝1.18, 95% CI: 1.10-1.26) were positively associated with diabetes. Compared with non-smokers, hypertensive patients who smoked≥30 cigarettes/day, had a smoking duration of ≥50 years, or had a smoking index of ≥20 pack-years showed higher proportions of diabetes, with corresponding OR values (95% CI) of 1.66 (1.23-2.21), 1.13 (1.01-1.26), and 1.21 (1.12-1.31). A U-shaped dose-response relationship was observed between smoking duration and diabetes prevalence (non-linear P＝0.029). Subgroup analysis revealed that the association between smoking status and diabetes was more pronounced in younger age groups (interaction P<0.050).

Among hypertensive patients aged≥20 years, smoking behavior is positively associated with diabetes prevalence, and smoking duration shows a U-shaped association with diabetes.

To measure and evaluate the compatibility between the level of outpatient chronic special disease coverage under the basic health insurance and the level of healthcare resource service utilization in Shanxi Province, so as to provide reference for the coordinated development of the level of outpatient chronic special disease coverage under the basic health insurance and the level of healthcare resource service utilization in Shanxi Province.

Taking 11 cities in Shanxi Province as the study object, the fitness between the two was measured using the entropy weight-TOPSIS method and gray correlation analysis.

From the perspective of utilization level, the numerical intervals of breadth and depth of healthcare resource service utilization in Shanxi Province were 0.161-0.751 and 0.000-1.000, respectively, with a wide span of the intervals; from the perspective of protection level, the numerical intervals of breadth, width, and sustainability of outpatient chronic and special disease protection of the basic healthcare insurance in Shanxi Province were 0.761-0.994, respectively, 0.518-0.938 and 0.445-1.000; Taiyuan City had a comprehensive score of 0.734, which was the city with the highest degree of suitability.

This can be done by consolidating the stability of basic medical and healthcare human resources, enhancing the balance of medical resource allocation, strengthening the synergy between the breadth and depth of healthcare insurance coverage, and reinforcing the linkage between healthcare insurance policies and healthcare resources, so as to improve the level of coverage for outpatient chronic and special illnesses under the basic healthcare insurance scheme in Shanxi Province, as well as the level of utilization of healthcare resources and the degree of appropriateness of the two.

To evaluate the impact of family doctor contract on the utilization of services in primary medical and health institutions.

Logit model and propensity score matching method were used for analysis.

The signing rate of family doctors was 75.8%, and the service utilization rate of primary medical and health institutions was 65.28%. The propensity scores matching results showed that after kernel matching and radius matching, ATT of family doctor contract on utilization of primary medical and health institutions was 0.052 4 and 0.068 3. The contracted services of family doctors had increased the utilization rate of primary medical and health institutions of residents with chronic diseases by 13.84%. The contract services of family doctors had no statistical significance on the utilization rate of primary medical and health institutions of non-chronic residents. The contracted services of family doctors had increased the average utilization rate of elderly residents to primary medical and health institutions by 9.25%. The contracted services of family doctors increased the average utilization rate of non-elderly residents to primary medical and health institutions by 5.98%.

The signing rate of family doctors and the utilization rate of primary medical and health institutions are both good. Contracted family doctors can promote the utilization of primary medical and health institutions by residents, and the contracted service of family doctors is more obvious to the utilization of primary medical and health institutions by people with chronic diseases and the elderly.

To investigate the effect of subchronic benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) toxicity on tau protein phosphorylation and mild cognitive dysfunction in HAPOE4 mice.

24 male C57BL/6 wild-type and HAPOE4 mice were used in this study, 12 of each type. The mice were randomly divided into three groups: vehicle group (olive oil), low-dose BaP-treated group (2.5 mg/kg), and high-dose BaP-treated group (6.25 mg/kg), with 8 mice in each group. The mice were injected with BaP via the peritoneal cavity and weighed before and after injection. The exposure period was 90 days. The Morris water maze test was used to detect the mice’s learning and memory abilities, the tail suspension test was used to detect the mice’s depressive state, the silver glycinate dip staining was used to observe the neurofibrillary tangles in mouse brain tissue sections, and immunohistochemistry was used to detect the protein expression of APOE, LRP1, tau, p-tau (Ser199), and p-tau (Ser396) in the hippocampus of the mice. ANOVA was used for the comparison of the above count data, the two-sample t-test was used for the comparison between genotypes, and the factorial analysis method was used to verify the interaction between the treatment and genotype.

The results of the water maze behavior experiment: the results of the positioning navigation experiment: the escape latency length of each group decreased with the increase of training days, and the escape latency of HAPOE4 mice with the same dose of poison was higher than that of WT type. There were differences in escape latency between groups on the 4th and 5th days. Both genotype and toxicity could lead to a decrease in the number of crossings of the platform and the residence time in the target quadrant, but there was no significant interaction between genotype and toxicity. The results of tail suspension experiment: genotype and poisoning had an interactive effect on the immobility time of mice, and both of them would lead to an increase in the immobility time of mice. The results of silver glycinate dipping experiment: both genotype and poisoning would cause the dyeing to deepen and increase in mice. The results of immunohistochemistry showed that genotype and poisoning had an interactive effect on the MOD values of APOE, LRP1, tau, p-tau (ser199) and p-tau (ser396), and all of them led to an increase in MOD values.

BaP and APOE4 genes affected spatial learning and memory ability and depression in mice, and BaP and APOE4 genes interacted with the immobility time of tail suspension experiments, indicating that the combined effect of BaP and APOE4 genes may have an effect on the depressed state of mice; and BaP and APOE4 genes interacted with abnormal phosphorylation of tau protein in mice, indicating that subchronicBaP infection could lead to tau protein phosphorylation and mild cognitive dysfunction in mice with HAPOE4 genotype, which may be caused by the combined effect of BaP and APOE4 genes resulting in the increase of APOE and LRP1 in mice.