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To investigate the association between smoking behavior and diabetes among adult hypertensive patients aged 20 years and above.
Using annual health examination data from the National Basic Public Health Service Program for hypertensive patients in Jianye District, Nanjing (2019-2023), logistic regression was employed to analyze the association between smoking behavior and diabetes in adult hypertensive patients aged≥20 years. Restricted cubic spline curves were used to explore the dose-response relationships between daily cigarette consumption, smoking duration, and smoking index with diabetes.
Among 55 128 participants, 14 102 were identified as having diabetes. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that, compared with non-smokers, former smokers (OR＝1.17, 95% CI: 1.01-1.35) and current smokers (OR＝1.18, 95% CI: 1.10-1.26) were positively associated with diabetes. Compared with non-smokers, hypertensive patients who smoked≥30 cigarettes/day, had a smoking duration of ≥50 years, or had a smoking index of ≥20 pack-years showed higher proportions of diabetes, with corresponding OR values (95% CI) of 1.66 (1.23-2.21), 1.13 (1.01-1.26), and 1.21 (1.12-1.31). A U-shaped dose-response relationship was observed between smoking duration and diabetes prevalence (non-linear P＝0.029). Subgroup analysis revealed that the association between smoking status and diabetes was more pronounced in younger age groups (interaction P<0.050).
Among hypertensive patients aged≥20 years, smoking behavior is positively associated with diabetes prevalence, and smoking duration shows a U-shaped association with diabetes.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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