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To descriptively analyze the epidemiological and pathogenetic characteristics of influenza (flu) in Chaoyang District from 2016 to 2023, and to provide a basis for scientific prevention and control of influenza.
Through the China Influenza Surveillance Information System, the etiology of influenza cases and influenza-like cases were collected, and epidemiological descriptions and statistical analysis were carried out, and χ2 tests were used for comparison between groups.
A total of 210 738 influenza cases were reported in Chaoyang District from 2016 to 2023, with an average annual reported incidence rate of 829.81/100 000, and the highest incidence rate in the age group of 0-4 years (4 619.07/100 000). A total of 21 480 pharyngeal swab specimens of influenza-like cases were tested, with a positive detection rate of 14.14%. The positive rate of specimens in 2017-2018 was the highest (22.82%), and the positive rate in 2020-2021 was the lowest (0.77%), and the difference in the positive rate in different monitoring years was statistically significant (χ2=857.804, P<0.001). Influenza A viruses were mostly prevalent in winter, and influenza B viruses were mostly prevalent in winter and spring, and different subtypes of influenza viruses were prevalent at the same time or alternately. Of the 50 influenza outbreaks reported in Chaoyang District from 2016 to 2023, 96.00% occurred in primary and secondary schools.
The intensity of influenza epidemics in Beijing’s Chaoyang District varies in different monitoring years, and influenza A and B viruses show alternating epidemics. Children aged 0-14 years are the key population for influenza prevention and control, and schools are the key prevention and control sites.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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