To explore the changes in the quality of life and its influencing factors of elderly people in rural areas of Sichuan province from 2018 to 2023, and to provide a basis for timely adjustment of health intervention measures.

Data from the sixth and seventh health service surveys in Sichuan province in 2018 and 2023 were summarized, and the EQ-5D questionnaire health utility value and visual analogue scale (VAS) score were used to evaluate quality of life.Survey time interaction items were includedin a weighted two-level random intercept model to explore the differences in the effects of influencing factors.

The utility value of elderly people in rural areas of Sichuan province was 0.83±0.22, and the VAS score was 65.53±17.81, both lower than the national average. Analysis showedthat survey year, individual characteristics, lifestyle, chronic disease prevalence, and family medical factors wereinfluencing factors for utility value and VAS score. In addition, in the utility score, the interaction items of over 80 years old (β=0.046, P<0.001), 1-2 times of weekly exercise (β=-0.035, P=0.045), diabetes (β=0.032, P=0.031), and annual family income of over 50 000 (β=0.029, P=0.048) with time were statistically significant; In VAS score, the interaction between time and age of over 80 years old (β=4.647, P<0.001), primary and junior high school education (β=-3.301, P<0.001), alcohol consumption (β=-2.262, P=0.004), diabetes (β=4.946, P<0.001), hypertension (β=2.992, P<0.001), annual family income of more than 50 000 (β=4.322, P<0.001), physical examination in the past year (β=2.925, P<0.001) had statistical significance.

The quality of life of elderly people in rural areas of Sichuan province is relatively low and requires attention. When formulating health intervention measures, full consideration should be given to the changes in the above factors and effects.

To analyze theassociation and interactionof night shift work and unhealthy lifestyle on hyperhomocysteinemia(HHcy), and to provide basis for theHHcy preventionamong railway workers.

Total of 6 926 railway workers who received physical examination in a hospital in Guangzhou from September to December 2021 were selected as study objects. Binary logistic was performed to analyze correlation, the restricted cubic spline (RCS) model was used to assess the dose-response relationship, and the interaction of night shift work and unhealthy lifestyle with HHcy were analyzed.

The prevalence rate of HHcy among railway workers was 23.3%. Logistic regression showed that night shift work lasted 0-2.9 years (OR=1.340, 95% CI:1.120-1.603), night shift work frequency ≤ 1 d/w (OR=1.302, 95% CI:1.029-1.646) or ≥ 4 d/w (OR=1.516, 95% CI:1.248-1.841), smoking (OR=1.516, 95% CI:1.248-1.841), overweight (OR=1.173, 95% CI: 1.030-1.335) were positively correlated with HHcy. Sleep duration > 7 h/d and exercise were negatively correlated with HHcy (P<0.05). RCS model found a nonlinear relationship of night shift work with HHcy (P_total <0.001,P_non-linear=0.001). No multiplicative and additive interaction of night shift work and any unhealthylifestyle with HHcy were found(P> 0.05). Among different night shift conditions, smoking, almost inactive, overweight/obesity, and ≤ 7 h/d sleep had a higher risk of HHcy (P<0.05).

Night shift work and unhealthy lifestyle are risk factors for HHcy. In different night shift work conditions, smoking, almost inactive, overweight/obesity, sleep duration ≤ 7 h/d can increase HHcy risk.

To understand the current situation of the construction of the integration mechanism of medical treatment and prevention in infectious disease hospitals in China, and to provide data support for the promotion of related work and policy formulation.

Based on the survey data of the construction of the integration mechanism of medical treatment and prevention in infectious disease hospitals in China, a quantitative analysis was conducted on the current situation of the related work of the integration of medical treatment and prevention in 97 secondary and tertiary infectious disease hospitals. A difference analysis was carried out on the current situation of the integration of medical treatment and prevention in different regions. Moreover, the t-SNE algorithm and data visualization were used to cluster the sample institutions for a comparative study at the hospital level.

Among the sample institutions in the eastern region, 46.51% had policy support related to the integration of medical treatment and prevention at the provincial (municipal) level, with an obvious advantage compared to other regions (P=0.001). The proportions of sample institutions in the eastern and central regions that established internal systems for the integration of medical treatment and prevention were higher (P=0.015), accounting for 27.91% and 28.57% respectively. In terms of the proportion of infectious disease hospitals that independently set up public health departments: the eastern region had the highest proportion, accounting for 72.09%; the northeastern region had the lowest proportion, accounting for 20.00%; and there were significant statistical differences among different regions (P=0.001). The t-SNE algorithm grouped the sample institutions into three categories: head tertiary hospitals, typical secondary hospitals and medium-sized hospitals. The construction of the integration mechanism of medical treatment and prevention in the three hospitals in head tertiary hospitals was significantly better than that in the other two categories.

The work on the integration of medical treatment and prevention for infectious diseases in China is still in the stage of exploration and breakthrough. All regions should explore the models and paths for the integration of medical treatment and prevention for infectious diseases in combination with local actual situations. The pilot construction of the integration of medical treatment and prevention of infectious diseases at both the "regional" and "hospital" levels should be coordinated，in order to promote infectious disease hospitals to better fulfill their public health functions, and take this as a breakthrough to open up the effective integration and interconnection of personnel, information and resources between medical institutions and disease control institutions.

To understand the current status of digital health literacy among rural elderly individuals in Shandong Province and analyze the main influencing factors.

A multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method was employed to select 720 rural individuals aged 60 years and older from the eastern, central, and western regions of Shandong Province for a questionnaire survey. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to explore the factors influencing digital health literacy among the elderly.

The average digital health literacy score of the 720 rural elderly participants was 58.31±16.34. Multiple linear regression revealed that factors associated with higher digital health literacy included normal BMI (β=8.28, P<0.001), low body weight (β=18.61, P<0.001), self-reported good health status (β=6.90, P<0.001), general health status (β=10.20, P<0.001), being married (β=3.49, P=0.001), monthly income between 3 000-4 999 yuan (β=6.75, P<0.001), income ≥5 000 yuan (β=11.48, P<0.001), and having health insurance coverage (urban employee health insurance/rural resident health insurance) (β=5.58, P=0.001).

The level of digital health literacy among rural elderly individuals in Shandong Province needs improvement. Targeted measures should be implemented from five aspects: personal traits, behavioral characteristics, interpersonal relationships, living and working conditions, and policy environment, in order to enhance digital health literacy in this population.

To investigate the differences in gut microbiota and energy metabolism among individuals with varying body mass index (BMI) levels, and to provide insights for the prevention and treatment of overweight and obesity.

A total of 98 healthy adults were recruited from Chengdu, categorized into four groups based on BMI: overweight (n=16), obesity (n=15), underweight (n=16), and normal weight (n=51). Participants underwent questionnaire surveys, physical examinations, body composition analysis, biochemical tests, and energy expenditure measurements. Fecal samples were collected for 16S rDNA sequencing and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) metabolomics analysis. Univariate analysis of variance and chi-square tests were performed to compare differences in gut microbiota structure and energy metabolism among the four groups.

Gut microbiota structure analysis: Significant differences were observed in the gut microbiota structure among the four groups, with statistical significance in ACE and Chao1 indices (P=0.003, P=0.003). The normal weight group exhibited higher ACE and Chao1 indices compared to other groups, indicating a higher species richness. The relative abundance of different bacteria varied across groups. Compared to the normal weight group, the overweight, obese, and underweight groups showed reduced species richness and lower relative abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Bifidobacterium. Functional metabolic pathways of the gut microbiota were altered in these groups, with significant differences in the synthesis and metabolism of various amino acids, including glycine, in the overweight and obese groups (P=0.009, P=0.032).Correlation with BMI and energy expenditure indicators: The gut microbiota structure was associated with different levels of energy metabolism indicators. Bifidobacterium was positively correlated with cold-induced thermogenesis (CIT) (P=0.011), while Bifidobacterium animalis was negatively correlated with BMI and basal energy expenditure (BEE) (P<0.001), and positively correlated with CIT (P=0.029).

There are differences in gut microbiota structure and functional metabolic pathways among individuals with different BMI levels. The gut microbiota structure is associated with various energy metabolism indicators at different levels. These findings suggest that gut microbiota may play a role in energy metabolism and could be a potential target for interventions aimed at preventing and treating overweight and obesity.

To construct the evaluation index system of public hospital operation management to provide a reference tool for administrative departments and public hospitals to grasp the public hospital operation management situation.

Based on the balanced scorecard theory, the evaluation index system of public hospital operation management was initially constructed through literature analysis, the final evaluation index system was determined by Delphi method, and the index weight was calculated by AHP method.

The response rate of expert consultation for the secondround was 100%, the authority coefficient was 0.840 and the coordination coefficients of the importance, feasibility and relevance of the indicators were 0.210, 0.181 and 0.196, respectively (P<0.001). The final evaluation index system consisted of 4 first-level indicators, 16 second-level indicators and 39 third-level indicators. The top 3 indicators of combined weight were inpatient satisfaction(0.0979), outpatient satisfaction(0.0682) and the proportion of medical service income(0.0494).

The public hospital operation management evaluation index system constructed by this research had high scientific, rational and practical guiding significance and was an effective tool to analyze and evaluate the operation management of public hospitals.

To evaluate the epidemic intensity of scarlet fever in Xinjiang using the Moving Epidemic Method (MEM), and to provide evidences for the classification of early warning of scarlet fever.

Monitoring data on scarlet fever in Xinjiang from 2014 to 2023 were collected, with the weekly incidence rate serving as the research object. The δ value corresponding to the maximum Youden index was selected to establish the MEM model. The epidemic thresholds for the two epidemic seasons of scarlet fever were estimated separately. The effectiveness of the MEM was evaluated through a cross-validation procedure. The epidemic level of scarlet fever in Xinjiang from 2014 to 2023 was assessed, and predictions were made for the spring epidemic season in 2024.

The optimal δ value for the spring epidemic peak of scarlet fever in Xinjiang was 2.5. The sensitivity of the model fitting was 0.83, the specificity was 0.91, and the Youden index was 0.74. For the autumn epidemic peak model, the optimal δ value was 2.6, with a sensitivity of 0.90, a specificity of 0.93, and a Youden index of 0.83. In the spring of 2024, the epidemic season entered the low-epidemic level in the 13th week and rose to the medium-epidemic level in the 23rd week, after which it maintained the low-epidemic level. By the 28th week, the epidemic level had fallen below the epidemic threshold, and there were no high or very high epidemic levels observed.

For the bimodal epidemic characteristics of scarlet fever in Xinjiang, the MEM model can be used to determine the epidemic intensity thresholds of different epidemic seasons by splitting the epidemic season, which is proved to be feasible. The model can be used to establish a scarlet fever early warning system, which provides a scientific basis for guiding the classification and early warning of scarlet fever.

To analyze the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics and changing trends of newly reported HIV / AIDS cases aged 50 years and over in Guizhou Province from 2018 to 2023, and to provide scientific basis for ≥50 years old AIDS prevention and control.

Using the database of the AIDS comprehensive prevention and control data information system, the newly reported cases aged 50 years and over from 2018 to 2023 were screened out, and their demographic characteristics were analyzed. Then use ArcGIS software for spatial autocorrelation analysis.

From 2018 to 2023, the proportion of HIV/AIDS cases aged 50 and above in Guizhou Province increased from 46.91% in 2018 to 56.99% in 2023, and the proportion increased year by year(trend χ²=249.968, P<0.001),and the distribution of local areas was concentrated.The global Moran ’s I was between 0.336 3 and 0.395 0(P<0.001). It showed that there was a global spatial autocorrelation in 2018-2023. SatScan showed six clusters, among which Puding, Xixiu, Zhenning, Liuzhi, Zhijin and Guanling were the most likely to gather (RR=2.990, LLR=1 222.719), which was also highly consistent with the results of spatial autocorrelation analysis.

The newly-discovered HIV / AIDS patients aged 50 and above in Guizhou Province in recent years have spatial clustering, mainly concentrated in the central and western and southern regions of Guizhou Province. It is recommended to strengthen the comprehensive prevention and control of AIDS in areas with high incidence of epidemic, especially to carry out targeted preventive measures in time in areas with a trend of spread.

Toinvestigate whether maternal vitamin D deficiency (VDD) prevents normal placental development through the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway during preconception and pregnancy, which in turn triggers adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Four-week-old female SD rats were randomly divided into two groups according to body mass, Ctrl group fed with standard rat chow and VDD group fed with vitamin D deficiency chow. After eight weeks of feed intervention and successful construction of the VDD rat model, blood was taken from the orbits, male and female were co-caged. The females were executed at 18 days of gestation (GD18).Tissue samples were collectedfor later experiment.

At eight weeks of modelling,the serum 25(OH)D levels of female rats in VDD group were significantly lower compared with those of the Ctrl group(P<0.001). At GD18, measured the placental 25(OH)D, 1,25(OH)₂D, and VDR levels, these indexes in the VDD group were (6.75 ± 1.40) ng/ml, (24.23 ± 8.31) ng/L, (74.46±27.54) nmol/L, which were significantly lower than indexes in the Ctrl group: (16.76±3.12) ng/ml, (36.19±4.27) ng/L, and (137.52±26.25) nmol/L(P<0.01). Placenta diameter, weight, syncytial trophoblast area, and foetal weight were measured at GD18. There was a significant difference between the two groups. At GD18, compared with the Ctrl group, the number of implanted fetuses and live fetuses per litter decreased, but the number of absorbed fetuses increased in the VDD group. The level of β-catenin hosphorylation was significantly increase in the placental tissues of pregnant rats in the VDD group.

Maternal vitamin D deficiency before and during pregnancy is an important cause of placental dysplasia, which in turn can induce adverse pregnancy outcomes, and the mechanism may involve the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway.