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To analyze the risk factors for cognitive impairment in patients with multimorbidity.
Studies on the occurrence of cognitive impairment in patients with multimorbidity were identified by searching Chinese and foreign databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane library, CNKI, Wan Fang Data, VIP, SinoMed. The search period was from database inception to July 1, 2024, meta-analysis was performed using RevMan5.4 and Stata18.0 software.
A total of 12 studies were included, comprising 1 137 737 patients. The meta-analysis indicated that smoking (OR=1.11，95% CI=1.05-1.18), low social activity (OR=1.52，95% CI=1.06-2.17), having two chronic diseases (OR=1.15，95% CI=1.05-1.26), having three chronic diseases (OR=1.37，95% CI=0.96-1.94), having four or more chronic diseases (OR=1.67，95% CI=1.49-1.87), having two cardiovascular metabolic diseases (OR=1.72，95% CI=1.42-2.07), having three or more cardiovascular metabolic diseases (OR=2.53，95% CI=1.41-4.54), and eight multimorbidity models were the neuropsychiatric (OR=2.05，95% CI=1.83-2.29), cancer/sensory impairment (OR=1.32，95% CI=1.18-1.47) diabetes/heart disease (OR=2.17，95% CI=1.68-2.08) diabetes/stroke (OR=2.92，95% CI=1.49-5.71), diabetes/hypertension (OR=1.93，95% CI=1.72-2.17), hypertension/heart disease (OR=1.56，95% CI=1.40-1.74), stroke/heart disease (OR=2.65，95% CI=1.89-3.71), and stroke/diabetes-heart disease (OR=3.95，95% CI=2.81-5.56) showed statistically significant differences (all P<0.05).
Current evidence suggests that smoking, low social activity, number of chronic diseases, and different patterns of multimorbidity are all risk factors for cognitive impairment in patients with multimorbidity, and that early clinical screening and intervention is warranted to reduce the progression of cognitive impairment in patients with multimorbidity.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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