To investigate the contamination status of Listeria monocytogenes in commercial food in Hainan province and characterize the antimicrobial resistance of the isolated strains. This study aims to provide baseline data for foodborne L. monocytogenes surveillance and scientific evidence for the prevention and control of listeriosis.

From 2015 to 2024, 8 878 commercial food samples were collected in Hainan Province and screened for L. monocytogenes. Thirty strains isolated from 2019 to 2024 underwent whole genome sequencing, and 26 were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility.

A total of 38 L. monocytogenes strains were detected in this study, and the positive rate of 0.43%. The highest annual rate occurred in 2022 (1.29%, 15/1 160), and the peak seasonal rate was in the second quarter (0.91%, 24/2 639). Geographically, Baisha County (1.48%, 2/135) showed the highest rate. Among food categories, meat and meat products exhibited the highest contamination (1.06%, 22/2 072). Retail processing stores had highest facility-level rate (1.67%, 2/120), while the circulation stage showed the highest rate among sampling links (0.49%, 33/6 783). Antimicrobial susceptibility testing identified one L. monocytogenes isolate with dual resistance to tetracycline and erythromycin. All other isolates were susceptible to all tested antibiotics. Lineage II predominate (66.67%, 20/30), with serogroup IIA as the most common type (50.0%, 15/30). ST8 was the predominant sequence type (20.0%, 6/30). All strains carried the virulence island LIPI-1, and 56.7%(17/30) strains carried the stress survival island SSI-1.

L. monocytogenes is present in meat, meat products and other foods in Hainan Province at a low overall contamination. ST8 is the predominant sequence type, and the isolates remains largely susceptible to antibiotics. These findings highlight the need to enhance monitoring of food contamination, particularly in meat and meat products, to detect potential hazards early and track evolving antimicrobial resistance pattern for effective listeriosis prevention and control.

To analyze the association between maternal and to offspring taste sensitivity and examine the moderating effect of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in this relationship.

A total of 106 mother-child pairs were recruited, including 46 GDM mothers. Taste sensitivity for sweet, sour, and salty tastes was measured using sensory threshold tests. Statistical analyses included ordinal logistic regression and Spearman rank correlation.

After adjusting for relevant confounders, significant positive correlations were found between maternal and offspring sensitivity for sweet, sour, and salty tastes. Specifically, each one-level increase in maternal sweet taste sensitivity was associated with an odds ratio (OR) of 7.19 (95% CI: 2.78-19.9) for the offspring having a higher level of sweet taste sensitivity. Further stratified analysis revealed that GDM status significantly modified the intergenerational transmission of sweet taste sensitivity (between-group difference P=0.024), indicating a stronger mother-offspring association in the GDM group. Covariance analysis further revealed a specific moderating trend of GDM status in the sweet taste sensitivity association, although this effect did not reach the conventional level of statistical significance (P=0.104).

Intergenerational associations of taste sensitivity for sweet, salty, and sour tastes exist between mothers and their offspring, and the metabolic state of GDM may potentiate the transmission of sweet taste sensitivity. These findings provide new evidence supporting the mechanism of intergenerational transmission in early-life taste development.

To understand the adversity beliefs of adolescents and their parents, and to explore the impact of parental adversity beliefs on adolescents' adversity beliefs and non-suicidal self-injury.

Data were derived from the fourth round of the Chengdu Children's Positive Development Cohort. Adversity Beliefs Scale and Deliberate Self-Harm Inventory were used for on-site surveys to collect 4 994 valid paired samples of adolescents aged 8-19 and their parents. Differences in adversity beliefs between adolescents and their parents were analyzed, and the mediating role of adolescents' adversity beliefs under the moderation of parents' educational level was tested using SPSS PROCESS.

(1) The detection rate of NSSI among adolescents was 22.33%, and there are differences in the incidence of NSSI among adolescents under different demographic characteristics; (2) Parental adversity beliefs (r=-0.168, P<0.01) and adolescents' adversity beliefs (r=-0.329, P<0.01) were negatively correlated with NSSI behavior, while parental adversity beliefs were positively correlated with adolescents' adversity beliefs (r=0.293, P<0.01); (3) Adolescents' adversity beliefs played a partial mediating role in the impact of parental adversity beliefs on NSSI behavior, accounting for 52.76% of the total effect; (4) The parents' education level significantly moderates the effect of their adversity beliefs on adolescents' adversity beliefs (β=-0.064, P<0.01).

Adversity beliefs have an intergenerational transmission effect. Parental adversity beliefs influence adolescents' NSSI behavior through intergenerational transmission. Targeted measures can be implemented from the perspective of intergenerational relationships to reduce the occurrence of adolescents' NSSI behavior.

To analyze the prevalence of elevated blood pressure and its associated factors among children and adolescents aged 6-17 years in Fujian Province.

Data were derived from the 2022 Fujian Provincial Project of the China National Nutrition and Health Surveillance. A total of 1 722 children and adolescents aged 6-17 years were selected using a multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method. Data were collected through standardized questionnaires, physical measurements, and laboratory tests. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of elevated blood pressure.

The detection rates of prehypertension and elevated blood pressure were 11.4% and 11.0%, respectively. Among the types of elevated blood pressure, the detection rates for isolated systolic hypertension, mixed hypertension, and isolated diastolic hypertension are 4.9%, 3.7%, and 2.4%, respectively, with isolated systolic hypertension being the most prevalent. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the independent risk factors for elevated blood pressure in children and adolescents included overweight (OR=2.147, 95%CI: 1.435-3.212), obesity (OR=2.688, 95%CI: 1.757-4.112), hypertriglyceridemia (OR=1.554, 95%CI: 1.029-2.346), and vitamin D deficiency (OR=1.777, 95%CI: 1.037-3.047).

Elevated blood pressure is relatively common among children and adolescents in Fujian Province, with isolated systolic elevation being the predominant pattern. Its occurrence is significantly associated with overweight/obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, and vitamin D deficiency. A comprehensive prevention and control strategy is recommended that centers on weight management, while also addressing lipid metabolism and vitamin D nutritional status, thereby providing a scientific basis for the early prevention of cardiovascular diseases.

To evaluate the “Township Recruitment and Village Utilization” policy in Nanning, examining its effects, challenges, and the role of policy instrument allocation.

We constructed a “policy instruments–policy goals” framework to analyze 21 policy documents (policy dimension). Findings were triangulated with a survey of 2 689 village doctors and in-depth interviews with 35 (empirical dimension).

A structural imbalance was found: environmental instruments (46.2%) focused predominantly on standardized management (57.1%), while demand-side instruments were underutilized (21.8%). Only 31.0% of village doctors were satisfied with their compensation, and 21.0% with career prospects. Frequent issues included drug shortages, promotion difficulties, and delayed performance payments.

The policy-empirical analysis reveals a systemic dilemma of “excessive management versus deficient incentives” due to imbalanced policy tools. Optimizing the policy mix, establishing a dynamic drug supply system, and improving career pathways are recommended.

To identify latent classes of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) health literacy among Chinese residents and examine influencing factors, in order to inform targeted promotion strategies.

A combined stratified and typical sampling approach was used to survey 1 259 residents from Hangzhou, Hefei, and Sanming. Latent profile analysis (LPA) identified TCM health literacy classes, and logistic regression analyzed influencing factors.

Residents' TCM health literacy has reached 57.9%. Four latent classes were identified: knowledge-belief separation (18.6%), basic deficiency (29.4%), balanced literacy (34.3%), and ideal exemplary (17.7%). Significant influencing factors included age, monthly income, medical payment method, self-rated health, and awareness of TCM health service and insurance reimbursement.

There is significant group heterogeneity in TCM health literacy among Chinese residents. An intervention system covering policy guidance, community implementation and individual participation is required, featuring differentiated strategies based on knowledge popularization, belief cultivation, behavior transformation and role modeling, so as to foster overall improvement in TCM health literacy.

To analyze the impact of DRG policy on the medical cost and service efficiency of patients with esophageal cancer, and to provide reference for further improvement of medical services.

Case data of patients with esophageal cancer treated by surgery in five pilot hospitals undergoing DRG policy in Changzhi, Shanxi Province, were collected from January 2019 to June 2023 to analyze the changes in patients' medical costs and hospitalization days before and after the implementation of DRG, and an interrupted time series (ITS) model was established to analyze the impact of the DRG reform.

ITS results indicate that compared to the period before the implementation of the DRG policy, medical expenses for esophageal cancer patients decreased by 12 089 CNY (P<0.05). The intervention instantaneous intercept showed a significant decline and exhibited a sustained downward trend (P<0.05). Hospitalization days decreased by 5 days (P<0.05), with the intervention instantaneous intercept decreasing, though the long-term downward trend was not significant (P=0.176). Within the medical cost structure, the intervention instantaneous intercepts for general medical service fees, diagnostic examination fees, non-surgical treatment fees, surgical fees, and Western medicine fees all decreased. Diagnostic examination fees, non-surgical treatment fees, and Western medicine fees exhibited a long-term downward trend (P<0.05). Conversely, the intervention-specific intercepts for nursing fees, anesthesia fees, and consumables fees all increased, with consumables fees showing the most significant rise. After the reform, consumables fees increased by 9 185 CNY (P<0.05) and exhibited a long-term upward trend (P<0.05).

The DRG policy can alleviate patients' financial burden and enhance the service efficiency of healthcare institutions. It is recommended to further deepen the long-term mechanism of DRG in controlling overall costs and innovate clinical management models; strengthen the supervision of pharmaceuticals and medical consumables; elevate the value of labour and technical services; advance payment method reforms; and improve supporting systems compatible with DRG reform.

To explore the coupling and coordination relationship between medical service price and social economic development in Sichuan Province, and provide references for deepening medical service price reform and promoting regional linkage and coordinated development.

The coupling coordination degree model was used to evaluate the coupling coordination degree between medical service price and social economic development, and the coupling coordination grade and type were clarified.

From 2017 to 2022, the coupling coordination degree between medical service price and social economic development in Sichuan Province showed an upward trend. Among the five economic regions, only the coupling coordination degree of Northwest Sichuan Ecological Demonstration Zone showed a downward trend, while the other four regions showed an upward trend. Specifically speaking, Chengdu ranked first in coupling coordination degree, belonging to intermediate coordination, while Ganzi and Aba were at the end, belonging to serious imbalance. From high to low, the proportion of coupling coordination type was lagged medical service price type, synchronized medical service price and social economic development type, lagged social economic development type.

The coupling coordination trend of the two systems in Sichuan Province is generally good, but the coordination degree is not high, and there are significant regional differences. Generally, it belongs to the lag coordination of medical service prices.

To understand the chain-mediating role of health literacy and self-efficacy in the relationship between social support and health-promoting behaviors among older adults.

From September to December 2024, a multi-stage random sampling method was adopted to conduct a questionnaire survey among 1 152 elderly individuals aged 60 and above in Shandong Province. Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlations among social support, health literacy, self-efficacy, and health-promoting behaviors. Using SPSS software and its PROCESS plug-in, a chain mediation model was constructed to analyze the mediating effects of health literacy and self-efficacy in this relationship, with significance tested via the Bootstrap method.

The direct effect of social support on health-promoting behaviors was significant (β=0.586, 95%CI: 0.503-0.669). The mediating effect of health literacy between social support and health-promoting behaviors was significant, with an effect value of 0.138 (95%CI: 0.100-0.179). The mediating effect of self-efficacy between social support and health-promoting behaviors was significant, with an effect value of 0.125 (95%CI: 0.087-0.167). The chain-mediating effect of health literacy and self-efficacy between social support and health-promoting behaviors was significant, with an effect value of 0.076 (95% CI: 0.053-0.104).

Social support has a positive predictive effect on the health-promoting behaviors of older adults. Social support indirectly influences the health-promoting behaviors of older adults through health literacy and self-efficacy.

To explore the relationship between the healthy eating index (HEI) and falls and injuries from falls in older adults.

Data from the 2018 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity survey and happy family study (CLHLS-HF, wave 2018) were used. HEI scores were calculated based on the consumption frequency of 13 food categories collected through face-to-face interviews. Fall events and fall injuries were based on self-reports. Multivariate logistic regression and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis were used to analyze the association between HEI and falls and fall injuries. Confounding factors were adjusted and subgroup analyses were performed.

A total of 8 701 older adults aged 65 years and above were included in this study. After adjusting for potential confounding variables, HEI was significantly negatively correlated with falls (OR=0.98, 95%CI: 0.97-0.99) and fall injuries (OR=0.97, 95%CI: 0.96-0.98). RCS analysis showed a linear dose-response relationship between HEI and falls (P overall<0.001, P for non-linearity=0.208) and fall injuries (P overall<0.001, P for non-linearity=0.059). Subgroup analysis showed that this association remained significant in men (P trend=0.032), women (P trend=0.002), individuals aged 80 years and older (P trend<0.001), and non-living-alone elderly (P trend<0.001).

Higher HEI levels among the elderly in China are associated with a reduced risk of falls and fall injuries. Paying attention to HEI levels may help the early identification of high-risk groups for falls, providing new ideas for the early prevention and intervention of falls in the elderly.