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This study aims to investigate the association between polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) exposure and the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) by analyzing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).
Participants aged ≥20 years were selected from NHANES 2009-2016. Due to the left-skewed distribution of urinary PAHs metabolites (OH-PAHs), logarithmic transformation (lg) was applied to approximate a normal distribution. Participants were categorized into four quartiles based on lgOH-PAHs levels. A multiple linear regression model was used to evaluate the association between PAHs and AIP. A smoothing curve fitting approach was employed to explore potential nonlinear relationships, and subgroup analyses were conducted.
A total of 3 084 participants were included, including 1 560 females (50.6%) with an average age of (49.1±17.6) years.After adjusting for age, sex, race, education level, marital status, the ratio of family income to poverty, body mass index (BMI), smoking, alcohol consumption, hypertension, and high cholesterol, multiple linear regression analysis indicated a positive association between the highest quartile of PAHs exposure (Q4) (β=0.056, 95% CI: 0.021-0.091) and AIP compared to the lowest quartile (Q1). In sex-stratified subgroup analyses, higher PAHs exposure (Q4) (β=0.068, 95% CI: 0.010-0.126) was positively associated with AIP in the male population. A similar positive correlation was also found in the female population (β=0.047, 95% CI: 0.001-0.094). In BMI-stratified analyses, the association between PAHs exposure and AIP was significant in participants with BMI <25(β=0.096, 95% CI: 0.032-0.160). Smoothing curve fitting demonstrated an inverted U-shaped relationship between PAHs concentration and AIP.
This study found a strong association between PAHs exposure and AIP, suggesting that PAHs exposure may be an important risk factor for increased AIP.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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