To explore the transition patterns of latent classes of intrinsIC capacity (IC) and their associations with adverse health outcomes in community-dwelling older adults.

A convenience sample of 512 older adults from Lishui, Zhejiang was followed for one year (T1, T2). Latent transition analysis was used to identify IC latent classes and analyze their transition patterns.

Three IC latent classes were identified: low IC (T1: 19.14%), moderate IC (43.75%), and high IC (37.11%). IC classes remained relatively stable over one year, with transitions mainly occurring between adjacent classes: 9.2% of low IC improved to moderate IC;14.3% of moderate IC improved to high IC while 7.1% deteriorated to low IC; and 15.8% of high IC declined to moderate IC. Chi-square tests revealed that persistent low IC (χ²=5.986, P<0.05) or moderate IC (χ²=0.044, P<0.05), and transition from high to moderate IC (χ²=0.015, P<0.05) were associated with recurrent falls (≥2 times). Transition from moderate to low IC increased hospitalization risk (χ²=5.042, P<0.05).

IC latent classes demonstrate relative stability in community-dwelling older adults over one year, with predominant transitions between adjacent classes. These transitions are signifICantly associated with risks of falls and hospitalization.

To analyze the quality of life (QoL) status and influencing factors among human immunodeficiency virus/hepatitis C virus (HIV/HCV) co-infected individuals in Yunnan using structural equation modeling (SEM), providing empirical evidence for improving their QoL.

A cross-sectional survey was conducted from June to September 2024 using convenience sampling in Dehong, Dali, Kunming, and Lincang. Data on socio-demographics, social support, and depression were collected, with QoL assessed using the SF-36 scale. SEM was constructed using AMOS 24.0.

The mean QoL score (65.91±21.71) was lower than Chinese norms. SEM revealed direct effects on physical health from monthly income (β=0.18, 95%CI: 0.09-0.29), occupation (β=-0.09, 95%CI: -0.18 to -0.01), HIV diagnosis duration (β=-0.11, 95%CI: -0.19 to -0.02), HIV knowledge (β=-0.36, 95%CI: -0.47 to -0.27), HCV knowledge (β=-0.14, 95%CI: -0.22 to -0.05), social support (β=0.14, 95%CI: 0.02-0.28),and depression (β=-0.34, 95%CI: -0.42 to -0.24). Monthly income (β=-0.17, 95%CI: -0.27 to -0.06), HIV knowledge (β=0.14,95%CI: 0.05-0.24), and social support (β=-0.25, 95%CI: -0.36 to -0.11) indirectly affected physical/mental health through depression.

HIV/HCV co-infected individuals in Yunnan exhibit poor QoL. Interventions should enhance mental health support and social assistance, particularly targeting those with low income, unemployment, long HIV diagnosis duration, and limited disease knowledge to improve treatment adherence and self-management.

To construct a contemporaneous network model of adolescent obesity-related eating behaviors and family health, identifying potential intervention targets to provide reference for effective management of obesity-related eating behaviors and prevention of obesity-related diseases.

A multi-stage sampling method was used to select 1 065 adolescents from 120 Chinese cities between July and September 2021. Data were collected using a general information questionnaire, Chinese version of the Sakata Eating Behavior Scale, and Chinese version of the Family Health Scale. Network analysis was performed using R language to explore relationships between obesity-related eating behaviors and family health.

The network model revealed FH2 (family health lifestyle) as the node with the highest expected influence (EI=0.970). EB6 (others’ eating behavior stimulates my eating desire) showed the highest bridge expected influence (BEI=0.048), while FH3 (family health resources, BEI=-0.397) and EB1 (irregular mealtime, BEI=-0.235) exerted strong negative connecting effects in the network.

Interactive relationships exist between adolescent obesity-related eating behaviors and family health. Targeted interventions focusing on eating behavior regulation, integration of family health resources, and establishment of regular mealtimes may improve dietary behavior management and prevent obesity-related diseases in adolescents.

To translate and validate the Chinese version of the Sexual Health Literacy Measurement Tool for Pregnancy Prevention Among Adolescents (SHL-PPA).

Following Brislin’s translation model, the SHL-PPA was forward- and back-translated, then culturally adapted by 15 experts. From June to July 2024, 420 participants completed the online questionnaire, with 30 randomly selected for retesting to examine reliability and validity.

The final Chinese version contained 16 items with item-level content validity indices ranging from 0.87 to 1.00 (scale-level=0.97). The scale demonstrated excellent internal consistency (Cronbach’ α=0.918), test-retest reliability (0.811), and split-half reliability (0.829). Exploratory factor analysis extracted three factors explaining 61.715% of total variance. Confirmatory factor analysis showed good model fit (χ²/v=2.250, RMSEA=0.077, IFI=0.921, TLI=0.906, CFI=0.921, RMR=0.042). Significant positive correlation with contraceptive knowledge (r=0.608, P<0.001) confirmed criterion validity.

The Chinese SHL-PPA demonstrates good reliability and validity for assessing contraceptive health literacy among Chinese adolescents, providing a tool for developing pregnancy prevention interventions.

To investigate the compositional and functional differences in gut microbiota between Tibetan hyperuricemia patients and healthy controls in Lhasa.

From the Southwest China Natural Population Cohort, 108 Tibetan participants were enrolled and stratified into hyperuricemia and control groups based on serum uric acid levels. Fecal samples underwent metagenomic sequencing, with bioinformatics analyses comparing microbial composition and function. Spearman correlation and linear regression assessed phenotype-microbiome associations.

Hyperuricemia patients showed significantly reduced α-diversity (W=938.000, P=0.046). Fusobacterium varium (LDA=4.315, P<0.001), Bifidobacterium pseudolongum (LDA=4.284, P=0.018), and Oscillibacter sp. PEA192 (LDA=4.259, P=0.050) were enriched in hyperuricemia, whereas Bacteroides uniformis (LDA=4.032, P<0.001), Phocaeicola dorei (LDA=3.750, P=0.028), and Bacteroides fragilis (LDA=3.945, P=0.005) predominated in controls. B. pseudolongum positively correlated with hyperuricemia (r=0.267, P=0.005), while B. uniformis showed negative association (r=-0.305, P=0.001).

Tibetan hyperuricemia patients exhibit gut dysbiosis characterized by reduced beneficial bacteria and increased pathogenic species, which may contribute to disease pathogenesis.

To investigate the effects of walnut-derived peptides (WDP) on miR-124-3p, STAT3, TGF-β1, and Smad3 proteins in aluminum-induced cognitive impairment.

Forty male SD rats were divided into control (saline),aluminum model (20 μmol/kg aluminum maltolate, Al (mal)3), 45-day WDP treatment (Al (mal)3 + 800 mg/kg WDP from day 45), and 90-day WDP prevention (Al (mal)3 + 800 mg/kg WDP from day 1) groups (n=10 each). Cognitive function was assessed by Morris water maze. Hippocampal protein expressions (p-STAT3 Ser727, p-STAT3 Tyr705, TGF-β1, p-Smad3 Ser423/425) and miR-124-3p levels were measured.

Aluminum exposure prolonged escape latency from day 2 (P<0.05), which was attenuated by WDP (P<0.05). Aluminum increased hippocampal p-STAT3, TGF-β1, and p-Smad3 expressions while decreasing miR-124-3p (P<0.05 vs control). WDP interventions reversed these alterations (P<0.05 vs model).

WDP exerts protective effects against aluminum-induced cognitive dysfunction potentially through modulating miR-124-3p/STAT3-TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway.

To investigate the knowledge and attitudes of tuberculosis (TB) control workers regarding preventive treatment for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, providing evidence for promoting LTBI preventive treatment.

A cross-sectional survey was conducted among TB control workers from 14 prefectures in Xinjiang. Data were entered using EpiData 3.1 and analyzed with SPSS 26.0, with statistical significance set at P<0.05.

Among 235 respondents,92.77% (218/235) knew about LTBI, 63.40% (149/235) understood the probability of LTBI progression, 73.62% (173/235) knew screening methods, 29.79% (70/235) recognized high-risk populations, 65.11% (153/235) knew target groups for preventive treatment, and 60.85% (143/235) understood treatment efficacy. Of those aware of LTBI, 71.56% (156/218) believed preventive treatment was necessary. Significant differences (P<0.05) were found in recommending preventive treatment by gender (χ²=4.565, P=0.033), occupation (χ²=10.839, P=0.004), knowledge of treatment efficacy (χ²=16.490, P<0.001), perceived necessity (χ²=122.919, P<0.001), and training experience (χ²=5.200, P=0.023). Main concerns included uncertain efficacy (39.57%), adverse reactions (32.34%), public knowledge gaps (15.32%), and implementation difficulties (12.77%).

TB control workers demonstrated limited knowledge and moderate acceptance of LTBI preventive treatment. Targeted training and education programs are needed to improve acceptance and implementation of preventive treatment among high-risk populations.

To examine the relationship between dietary patterns and hypertension prevalence among Mongolian adults, providing evidence for dietary interventions to prevent hypertension in this population.

A cross-sectional study was conducted among Mongolian adults from three regions in Inner Mongolia. Principal component analysis was used to extract dietary patterns, and binary logistic regression was employed to assess the association between different dietary patterns and hypertension risk.

Among 2 179 participants, 1 056 had hypertension, yielding a prevalence rate of 48.46%. Six dietary patterns were identified. The beverage-dessert pattern (OR=1.256, 95%CI: 1.008-1.56) and fast-food-whole dairy pattern (OR=1.250, 95%CI: 1.002-1.559) were positively associated with hypertension, while the mushroom-algae-legume pattern (OR=0.701, 95%CI: 0.563-0.874) showed a negative association.

The prevalence of hypertension is high among Mongolian adults. Adherence to a mushroom-algae-legume dietary pattern may reduce hypertension risk, whereas the beverage-dessert and fast-food-whole dairy patterns may increase the risk. Targeted dietary interventions should be considered for hypertension prevention in this population.

To investigate the genetic association between gestational duration and fetal mental disorders using Mendelian randomization (MR), and to explore the mediating role of brain functional networks in this pathway through two-step Mendelian randomization (TSMR).

Using gestational duration as the exposure and six mental disorders (autism spectrum disorder[ASD], anorexia nervosa [AN], schizophrenia, etc.) as outcomes, with 191 resting-state functional MRI traits as potential mediators, we analyzed publicly available GWAS summary data. The inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method, MR-Egger regression, and weighted median method were employed to estimate causal effects. TSMR was used to assess the mediating role of brain functional networks, and sensitivity analyses were conducted to evaluate robustness.

Gestational duration showed negative genetic associations with ASD (OR=0.58, 95% CI: 0.48-0.69), AN (OR=0.77, 95% CI: 0.66-0.89), and schizophrenia (OR=0.85, 95% CI: 0.74-0.96). Brain networks, including the salience, central executive, and default mode networks, partially mediated the genetic association between gestational duration and mental disorders, with mediation proportions ranging from 19.09% to 52.40%.

Longer gestational duration reduces the risk of mental disorders, and brain functional networks mediate this genetic association.

To investigate the mediating effects of visceral fat rate and muscle rate on the relationship between menopausal age and blood glucose levels in naturally postmenopausal women, providing references for diabetes prevention.

Participants were selected from the Guangzhou Chronic Disease Prospective Cohort Study.Baseline data including demographic characteristics, menopausal status, visceral fat rate, muscle rate, fasting blood glucose and lipid profiles were collected.Generalized linear models were used to analyze the relationships between menopausal age and visceral fat rate, muscle rate, and blood glucose levels.

The study included 1 939 naturally postmenopausal women with menopausal age ≥46 years (mean age 59.1±5.1 years, mean menopausal age 50.9±2.4 years). After adjusting for confounders, menopausal age showed linear associations with visceral fat rate (β=0.054, 95%CI: 0.024-0.083), muscle rate (β=-0.113, 95%CI: -0.193 to -0.032), and blood glucose (β=0.032, 95%CI: 0.009-0.055). Visceral fat rate and muscle rate partially mediated the relationship between menopausal age and blood glucose, accounting for 17.04% and 11.65% of the total effect respectively.

Later menopausal age may influence blood glucose levels partially through increasing visceral fat accumulation and decreasing muscle mass in postmenopausal women.