To examine the impact of fertility opportunity cost on childbearing intention among career women, with particular focus on career development cost.

Using data from the Chinese Residents’ Psychology and Behavior Survey, we analyzed 2 183 career women through binary logistic regression to assess how fertility opportunity costs (represented by career development costs) influence childbearing intentions.

Among participants, 348 (15.9%) reported higher career development costs, while 627 (28.7%) expressed childbearing intention. Regression analysis showed positive associations between childbearing intention and: Han ethnicity (OR=1.863, 95%CI: 1.086-3.196), being married (OR=2.528,95%CI: 1.842-3.471), having ≥2 children (OR=1.687, 95%CI: 1.175-2.423), and higher career development costs (OR=1.336,95%CI: 1.038-1.721). Negative associations were found for age ≥36 years (OR=0.465, 95%CI: 0.273-0.795) and government/institutional employment (OR=0.770, 95%CI: 0.597-0.994).

Fertility opportunity costs, particularly career development costs, significantly influence career women’s childbearing intentions. These findings highlight the need for workplace policies that better support work-life balance and reduce opportunity costs associated with childbearing.

To analyze the influencing factors and urban-rural differences in health impairment among empty-nest elderly in China, providing references for reducing health risks and optimizing allocation of elderly care resources.

Using data from 4 025 empty-nest elderly in the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS 2018), binary logistic regression was employed to identify influencing factors, and Fairlie decomposition was used to analyze urban-rural differences.

The prevalence of health impairment was 10.58%.Logistic regression showed significant associations with age, physical examination, pension insurance, ≥2 chronic diseases, outdoor activities, and access to healthcare/life care services. Fairlie decomposition revealed a total urban-rural difference of -0.0606, with 44.06% explained by observable factors. The main contributors were: number of chronic diseases (28.22%), healthcare access (19.64%), outdoor activities (-14.36%), and physical examination (7.76%).

Urban empty-nest elderly show higher health impairment rates than rural counterparts. Priority should be given to addressing disparities in chronic disease management, healthcare access, outdoor activities, and health examination between urban and rural areas.

To construct a contemporaneous network model of adolescent obesity-related eating behaviors and family health, identifying potential intervention targets to provide reference for effective management of obesity-related eating behaviors and prevention of obesity-related diseases.

A multi-stage sampling method was used to select 1 065 adolescents from 120 Chinese cities between July and September 2021. Data were collected using a general information questionnaire, Chinese version of the Sakata Eating Behavior Scale, and Chinese version of the Family Health Scale. Network analysis was performed using R language to explore relationships between obesity-related eating behaviors and family health.

The network model revealed FH2 (family health lifestyle) as the node with the highest expected influence (EI=0.970). EB6 (others’ eating behavior stimulates my eating desire) showed the highest bridge expected influence (BEI=0.048), while FH3 (family health resources, BEI=-0.397) and EB1 (irregular mealtime, BEI=-0.235) exerted strong negative connecting effects in the network.

Interactive relationships exist between adolescent obesity-related eating behaviors and family health. Targeted interventions focusing on eating behavior regulation, integration of family health resources, and establishment of regular mealtimes may improve dietary behavior management and prevent obesity-related diseases in adolescents.

To examine the relationship between dietary patterns and hypertension prevalence among Mongolian adults, providing evidence for dietary interventions to prevent hypertension in this population.

A cross-sectional study was conducted among Mongolian adults from three regions in Inner Mongolia. Principal component analysis was used to extract dietary patterns, and binary logistic regression was employed to assess the association between different dietary patterns and hypertension risk.

Among 2 179 participants, 1 056 had hypertension, yielding a prevalence rate of 48.46%. Six dietary patterns were identified. The beverage-dessert pattern (OR=1.256, 95%CI: 1.008-1.56) and fast-food-whole dairy pattern (OR=1.250, 95%CI: 1.002-1.559) were positively associated with hypertension, while the mushroom-algae-legume pattern (OR=0.701, 95%CI: 0.563-0.874) showed a negative association.

The prevalence of hypertension is high among Mongolian adults. Adherence to a mushroom-algae-legume dietary pattern may reduce hypertension risk, whereas the beverage-dessert and fast-food-whole dairy patterns may increase the risk. Targeted dietary interventions should be considered for hypertension prevention in this population.

To explore the transition patterns of latent classes of intrinsIC capacity (IC) and their associations with adverse health outcomes in community-dwelling older adults.

A convenience sample of 512 older adults from Lishui, Zhejiang was followed for one year (T1, T2). Latent transition analysis was used to identify IC latent classes and analyze their transition patterns.

Three IC latent classes were identified: low IC (T1: 19.14%), moderate IC (43.75%), and high IC (37.11%). IC classes remained relatively stable over one year, with transitions mainly occurring between adjacent classes: 9.2% of low IC improved to moderate IC;14.3% of moderate IC improved to high IC while 7.1% deteriorated to low IC; and 15.8% of high IC declined to moderate IC. Chi-square tests revealed that persistent low IC (χ²=5.986, P<0.05) or moderate IC (χ²=0.044, P<0.05), and transition from high to moderate IC (χ²=0.015, P<0.05) were associated with recurrent falls (≥2 times). Transition from moderate to low IC increased hospitalization risk (χ²=5.042, P<0.05).

IC latent classes demonstrate relative stability in community-dwelling older adults over one year, with predominant transitions between adjacent classes. These transitions are signifICantly associated with risks of falls and hospitalization.

To investigate the compositional and functional differences in gut microbiota between Tibetan hyperuricemia patients and healthy controls in Lhasa.

From the Southwest China Natural Population Cohort, 108 Tibetan participants were enrolled and stratified into hyperuricemia and control groups based on serum uric acid levels. Fecal samples underwent metagenomic sequencing, with bioinformatics analyses comparing microbial composition and function. Spearman correlation and linear regression assessed phenotype-microbiome associations.

Hyperuricemia patients showed significantly reduced α-diversity (W=938.000, P=0.046). Fusobacterium varium (LDA=4.315, P<0.001), Bifidobacterium pseudolongum (LDA=4.284, P=0.018), and Oscillibacter sp. PEA192 (LDA=4.259, P=0.050) were enriched in hyperuricemia, whereas Bacteroides uniformis (LDA=4.032, P<0.001), Phocaeicola dorei (LDA=3.750, P=0.028), and Bacteroides fragilis (LDA=3.945, P=0.005) predominated in controls. B. pseudolongum positively correlated with hyperuricemia (r=0.267, P=0.005), while B. uniformis showed negative association (r=-0.305, P=0.001).

Tibetan hyperuricemia patients exhibit gut dysbiosis characterized by reduced beneficial bacteria and increased pathogenic species, which may contribute to disease pathogenesis.

To investigate the mediating effects of visceral fat rate and muscle rate on the relationship between menopausal age and blood glucose levels in naturally postmenopausal women, providing references for diabetes prevention.

Participants were selected from the Guangzhou Chronic Disease Prospective Cohort Study.Baseline data including demographic characteristics, menopausal status, visceral fat rate, muscle rate, fasting blood glucose and lipid profiles were collected.Generalized linear models were used to analyze the relationships between menopausal age and visceral fat rate, muscle rate, and blood glucose levels.

The study included 1 939 naturally postmenopausal women with menopausal age ≥46 years (mean age 59.1±5.1 years, mean menopausal age 50.9±2.4 years). After adjusting for confounders, menopausal age showed linear associations with visceral fat rate (β=0.054, 95%CI: 0.024-0.083), muscle rate (β=-0.113, 95%CI: -0.193 to -0.032), and blood glucose (β=0.032, 95%CI: 0.009-0.055). Visceral fat rate and muscle rate partially mediated the relationship between menopausal age and blood glucose, accounting for 17.04% and 11.65% of the total effect respectively.

Later menopausal age may influence blood glucose levels partially through increasing visceral fat accumulation and decreasing muscle mass in postmenopausal women.

To investigate the effects of walnut-derived peptides (WDP) on miR-124-3p, STAT3, TGF-β1, and Smad3 proteins in aluminum-induced cognitive impairment.

Forty male SD rats were divided into control (saline),aluminum model (20 μmol/kg aluminum maltolate, Al (mal)3), 45-day WDP treatment (Al (mal)3 + 800 mg/kg WDP from day 45), and 90-day WDP prevention (Al (mal)3 + 800 mg/kg WDP from day 1) groups (n=10 each). Cognitive function was assessed by Morris water maze. Hippocampal protein expressions (p-STAT3 Ser727, p-STAT3 Tyr705, TGF-β1, p-Smad3 Ser423/425) and miR-124-3p levels were measured.

Aluminum exposure prolonged escape latency from day 2 (P<0.05), which was attenuated by WDP (P<0.05). Aluminum increased hippocampal p-STAT3, TGF-β1, and p-Smad3 expressions while decreasing miR-124-3p (P<0.05 vs control). WDP interventions reversed these alterations (P<0.05 vs model).

WDP exerts protective effects against aluminum-induced cognitive dysfunction potentially through modulating miR-124-3p/STAT3-TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway.

To optimize the extraction process of total flavonoids from Allium mongolicum and investigate its in vitro hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activities as well as preventive effects on high-fat diet-induced obesity in mice.

Single-factor experiments and Box-Behnken response surface methodology were employed to determine the optimal extraction conditions. In vitro experiments evaluated the inhibitory effects on pancreatic lipase and α-glucosidase activities. Male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into control, high-fat diet (HFD), and three treatment groups (0.75, 1.5, and 2.25 g/kg doses),with six mice per group. After 8 weeks of intervention, serum lipid profiles, liver enzymes, blood glucose, and histopathological changes were analyzed.

The optimal extraction conditions yielded 10.43 (±0.52) mg/g total flavonoids. The IC50 values for pancreatic lipase and α-glucosidase inhibition were 0.99 mg/ml and 5.17 mg/ml, respectively. Compared with HFD group, medium and high dose groups showed significant reductions in body weight, fat mass, serum TC, TG, LDL-C, ALT, AST, and blood glucose levels (P<0.05), along with improved hepatic and adipose tissue pathology.

The optimized extraction process effectively enhances flavonoid yield from Allium mongolicum, and the obtained flavonoids demonstrate potential in preventing high-fat diet-induced obesity by improving glucose and lipid metabolism disorders.

To compare the characteristics of deaths and disease burden of respiratory tuberculosis in China and globally from 1990 to 2021 and predict future trends, providing evidence for formulating prevention and control policies.

Data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 (GBD 2021) were used to describe deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of respiratory tuberculosis in China and globally from 1990 to 2021. The average annual percentage change (AAPC) was used to assess trends. The Bayesian age-period-cohort (BAPC) model was employed for prediction.

From 1990 to 2021,the number of respiratory tuberculosis deaths in China and globally was 37 300 and 1 162 800, respectively, with age-standardized mortality rates (ASMR) of 1.91/100 000 and 13.96/100 000, and AAPCs of -7.4 (95%CI: -7.8 to -7.1) and -3.3(95%CI: -3.5 to -3.2), respectively. DALYs were 1 375 500 person-years and 46 977 500 person-years, with age-standardized DALY rates (ASDR) of 76.22/100 000 and 580.26/100 000, and AAPCs of -7.0 (95% CI: -7.2 to -6.8) and -3.3 (95% CI: -3.4 to-3.2), respectively. The death and disease burden were higher in males than females. From 2022 to 2036, ASMR (China: males-55.30%, females -62.50%; global: males -36.72%, females -37.50%) and ASDR (China: males -46.50%, females -44.82%;global: males -31.87%, females -32.95%) are projected to decline.

From 1990 to 2021, the ASMR and ASDR of respiratory tuberculosis declined in both China and globally, with a significantly higher disease burden in males. Over the next 15 years, ASMR and ASDR are expected to continue decreasing. Relevant authorities should sustain and optimize prevention and control measures to further reduce the disease burden and achieve more comprehensive disease control.