Citizens’ digital literacy and skills are closely linked to personal survival and development，social equity and inclusiveness，and national economic development. Conducting relevant evaluations is an inevitable requirement for promoting the sustainable development of the digital society. This paper reviews the research progress and practical status of citizens’ digital literacy and skills in terms of evaluation concepts and frameworks，evaluation methods and tools. By comparing the characteristics of different evaluation systems through evaluation cases，it clarifies the problems and challenges faced by evaluations and looks forward to the future trends of intelligent，precise，and standardized evaluations.

Scientific literacy underpins national technological innovation and sustainable development，with the efficacy of science popularization directly influencing a nation’s overall scientific literacy. China has always attached great importance to the science popularization，and since the beginning of the 21st century，the promulgation of a series of important policies and documents and the establishment of mechanisms for the science popularization have led to the important development of the cause of science popularization. In the new era，the connotation，concept and means of science popularization have undergone significant changes，and science popularization is facing many challenges，including insufficient understanding of the importance of science popularization，insufficient supply of high-quality science popularization，the urgent need to improve the system of collaborative work in the society of science popularization and the need to strengthen the venues for science popularization，etc. In view of this，the latest progress and experience of science popularization in the international arena will be useful for China to enhance the effectiveness of science popularization. This paper takes the United Kingdom，the United States，Japan，Australia and the European Union as the research objects，and conducts in-depth research and comparative analysis on the science popularization systems in these countries and regions from 2017 to 2024 by constructing a multi-dimensional analytical framework of “theory-policy-technology-practice-public participation”，aiming at grasping the cutting-edge dynamics of the development of science popularization in the international arena. It is found that these developed countries and regions have the following distinctive features in the field of science popularization：theoretical inquiry shows a trend of paradigm change and synergy of subjects，policy making focuses on educational integration and differentiated response，technological development and application and cognitive reflection，practical path focuses on multi-dimensional expansion and continuous deepening，and public participation highlights equal interaction and multi-party linkage. Based on the current situation of science popularization in China，this paper proposes that China should build a multi-dimensional optimization path with its own characteristics.

In the technological scenarios where social media and artificial intelligence are popularized，low-quality scientific and health information has become an important object for the collaborative governance of false information，which poses higher requirements for the knowledge and skills of Internet users who serve as one of the main bodies of collaborative governance. To investigate the role of digital news literacy and its sub-dimensions in reducing the preference for unofficial media trust among individuals with different levels of scientific trust，this paper conducted an online survey based on a quota sample of Chinese netizens（N=1 109）. Research has found that those with higher literacy in the context，content，circulation，and consumption of digital news，as well as overall literacy，are more likely to break the reliance on unofficial information channels，and this mechanism is more effective among scientific believers. The research has broken the theoretical myth of “trust nexus”；as a differentiated path for the whole society to enhance digital news literacy and govern disinformation，the study suggests disseminating social science knowledge，such as media effects and media systems to science believers，and emphasizing how news differs from non-news and the process of news production to science skeptics.

To enhance the China Science and Technology Museum（CSTM）visitor satisfaction，This reseanh constructs a structural model to inquire into the interaction mechanism among visitor expectations，perceived quality，perceived value，visitor satisfaction，and visitor loyalty. During the periol from August to October 2024，the research team conducted a survey among CSTM visitors，the results show that perceived quality and perceived value have a significant positive impact on visitor satisfaction，while，visitor expectations exert a relatively weak influence on visitor satisfaction. Furthermore，visitor satisfaction was found to have a positive effect on visitor loyalty. Therefore，CSTM should focus on enhancing perceived quality and perceived value.

The national science popularization system and the construction of national science popularization capacity are of great significance for continuously improving the scientific literacy of the entire population，achieving high-level scientific and technological self-reliance and self- improvement，meeting the people’s ever-growing demand for scientific life，and comprehensively building a strong country in science and technology. This article explores the conceptual connotations of the national science popularization system and national science popularization capacity from the meta-concepts of“system”and“capability”. That is，the national science popularization system and national science popularization capacity are a concentrated reflection of a country’s entire set of systematic arrangements and comprehensive strength regarding science popularization. From the perspective of“structure-function”，this article systematically examines the diverse logical relationships between the two. The national science popularization system is the front-end structural construction，while the national science popularization capacity is the post-functional embodiment. The two are composed of a closely coordinated and functionally embedded complementary relationship. Based on this institutionalized logical approach，a set of efficiency improvement paths is proposed，including policies on science popularization，subjects of science popularization，diverse safeguard mechanisms for science popularization investment，management mechanisms combining supervision and incentives，and international science popularization exchange mechanisms.

In the context of convergence media，the field of meteorological science popularization is showing a trend towards interactivity and visualisation. Through case analysis，it has been found that interactive visualisation in meteorological science popularization communication exhibits characteristics such as intertwined narrative structures，multi-dimensional interaction among narrative subjects，flexible shifts in narrative perspectives，and multi-modal narrative discourse. To promote interactive and visualised dissemination of meteorological science popularisation，a multi-subject collaborative meteorological communication interactive model can be constructed in the future. This model should include dialogue mechanisms involving policymakers（including venues），science popularization creators，and diverse audiences，innovative cross-media communication models for meteorological scientific achievements，and develop a technical platform for concrete meteorological science popularisation scenarios.

Through a questionnaire survey of over 100 college students across the country，the current situation of science popularization reading among college students was preliminarily sorted out，and the main problems and corresponding countermeasures were analyzed. The results show that college students generally recognize the importance of science popularization reading，but their actual reading is insufficient，and they lack systematic reading plans. At present，the science popularization reading promotion activities for college students are faced with problems such as few brand projects，single activity forms，and a lack of innovation，which，to some extent，affect the effective implementation of science popularization reading for college students. Given these problems，it is suggested to strengthen ideological guidance，refine reading needs，and create a good campus reading atmosphere.

The emergence and rapid development of generative artificial intelligence（GenAI）have greatly changed the current science popularization ecology. It not only effectively empowers current science popularzation creators，making the production of science popularization content more convenient and faster，but also directly intervenes in the current socialized collaborative science popularization pattern as a non-human actor. To better realize the benign intervention of GenAI in the current ecological pattern of science popularization，it is first necessary to systematically analyze its strategy bias as a science communicator when generating science popularization content and the possible differences between its science popularization strategy use and that of human science popularization creators. Based on the method of algorithm auditing，this paper finds，through coding and analyzing the science popularization content that representative GenAI tools generated at home and abroad，that GenAI has indeed adopted a series of diversified discourse strategies when producing science communicators，and there are certain differences between the discourse strategies adopted and those of human science communicators. Overall，it presents a characteristic of being inclined to be microcosmic and having an ambiguous identity. There are also considerable differences in the discourse strategies of large models based on different corpora within them，and they may need to be treated differently. This result may provide experience and reference for further improving the regulation and guidance of science popularization by GenAI in the future.

Based on the results of the National Civic Scientific Literacy Sampling Survey，this study reveals that the scientific literacy of Chinese youth（aged 18~35）exhibits three distinct characteristics：high-level，regional imbalance，and cognitive contradictions. The findings indicate that the proportion of youth with qualified scientific literacy significantly surpasses the national average. Notable disparities exist across regions：developed areas such as the Yangtze River Delta outperform western and rural regions. Highly educated and knowledge-intensive vocational youth form a clear advantage group. Scientific interests are predominantly concentrated in specific domains，with a heavy reliance on digital media and interactive scenarios for information acquisition. The field of artificial intelligence presents the characteristics of“high activity coinciding with anxiety coexisting”，reflecting the deep contradictions in digital transformation. To advance high-level technological self-reliance and further foster an innovation-driven nation，this study proposes the following recommendations：Guided by policy frameworks，strengthen the foundation for enhancing youth scientific literacy；Construct a layered and classified system for accurately improving the scientific literacy of young people；Build a youth science popularization ecosystem with collaborative participation of multiple stakeholders；Actively embrace artificial intelligence，with Guiding young people to grasp the technological dividends and ethical boundaries.

The popularization of frontier scientific achievements plays a pivotal role in enhancing public understanding and engagementwith science. With the widespread application of generative artificial intelligence（GenAI），its potential performance of popularizing frontier scientific achievements has become a critical topic. Unlike the generation of general science popularization content，GenAI encounters distinct challenges when addressing topics related to frontier scientific achievements. Firstly，there is a paucity of sufficient online textual data for GenAI training.Secondly，these topics often entail relatively higher uncertainty，necessitating a more cautious approach to content formulation. This study conducts a comparative analysis of science popularization content on frontier scientific achievements generated by traditional science popularizers and that produced by GenAI models. The results indicate no significant disparities between the two in terms of scientific accuracy and source reliability. However，the content generated by GenAI models tends to exhibit a more positive emotional tone compared to that produced by traditional science popularizers. Based on these results，this study suggests that while the risk of GenAI disseminating misinformation may be limited，it has the potential to reinforce existing stereotypes. Consequently，GenAI can not entirely supplant traditional science popularizers within the current framework of science popularization.