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In the context of comprehensively promoting rural revitalization and accelerating the construction of a strong agricultural nation，enhancing farmers’scientific literacy is of significant strategic importance. Based on data from 5 192 farmers sampled in the 14th National Civic Scientific Literacy Sampling Survey，and comparing the results with 2023 data，this study aims to deeply analyze the development status and characteristics of scientific literacy among Chinese farmers. It also evaluates the implementation effectiveness of the“Farmers’Scientific Literacy Improvement Action，”providing decision-making references and empirical evidence for the continuous and effective improvement of farmers’scientific literacy and the bridging of the urban-rural gap. Findings show that in 2024，8.09% of farmers possessed scientific literacy，narrowing the gap with the national average for the first time. The development of farmers’scientific literacy exhibits a trend towards more balanced regional development，with the eastern region showing relatively higher levels，and the central and western regions experiencing accelerated improvement. While initiatives to improve farmers’scientific literacy have been effective，the significant gap between the scientific literacy of young farmers and the national youth average still requires close attention. Based on the above research results，the following recommendations are proposed: First，continue to deepen the “Farmers’Scientific Literacy Improvement Action，”expanding its coverage and enhancing its effectiveness. Second，implement precise strategies targeting relatively weak groups such as farmers with lower educational attainment and young farmers，addressing shortcomings in scientific literacy. Third，enrich the channels for farmers to access scientific and technological information，optimize science popularization content and dissemination methods，and enhance their attractiveness and effectiveness. Fourth，guide and incentivize farmers to apply scientific knowledge in practice，promote the transformation of scientific and technological achievements，and truly transform scientific literacy into a powerful driving force for promoting rural revitalization.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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