Objective: To investigate the protective effect and mechanism of KR ethanol extract on hypoxia - induced TC - 1 injury in mouse lung epithelial cells.Methods: LC - MS was used to analyze the compounds in the alcohol extract of KR. The cell hypoxia model was established by three - gas incubator (37 ℃, 5% CO₂, 94% N₂, 1% O₂). TC - 1 cells were divided into normal group (Normal), hypoxia group (Hypoxia), hypoxia + KR alcohol extract low dose group (Hypoxia + KRL, 90 μg/mL), hypoxia + KR alcohol extract high dose group (Hypoxia + KRH, 180 μg/mL). Cell viability was measured by CCK - 8 assay. The morphological changes of cells were observed by inverted microscope and the number of cells was counted. The leakage of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the supernatant of cell culture medium and the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), tumor necrosis factor - α (TNF - α), interleukin -6 (IL - 6) and ATP in cells were detected. The fluorescence intensity of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cells was observed by fluorescence microscope. The mRNA expression levels of hypoxia - inducible factor - 1α (HIF - 1α), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) were detected by RT - qPCR. The protein expression levels of HIF - 1α, eNOS and iNOS in cells were detected by Western blot.Results: Twenty - two compounds were found in the KR ethanol extract. After 24 h of hypoxia treatment, the cells of TC - 1 cells became swollen and round, and the contents of ROS, LDH, MDA, TNF - α and IL - 6 were significantly increased, while the contents of SOD and ATP were significantly decreased. The mRNA and protein expression levels of HIF - 1α and iNOS were significantly increased, while the expression level of eNOS was decreased. After treatment with KR ethanol extract, the number of cells increased significantly, the cell morphology tended to be Normal group, and the contents of ROS, LDH, MDA, TNF - α and IL - 6 decreased. The mRNA and protein expression levels of HIF - 1α and iNOS were decreased. SOD, ATP and eNOS were significantly increased.Conclusion: KR ethanol extract can down - regulate the expression of HIF - 1α when TC - 1 cells are stimulated by hypoxia, and improve cell energy metabolism disorder, oxidative stress response and inflammatory response to exert anti - hypoxia effect.

Objective: To investigate the mechanism of Yangxue Antai serum in regulating the release of exosomes from JEG - 3 cells to affect endothelial cells and endometrial cells.Methods: The exosome release inhibitor GW4869 was used to inhibit the release of exosomes from JEG - 3 cells, and the Yangxue Antai serum interfered with JEG - 3 cells, A co - culture system was established in which JEG - 3 cells or exosomes secreted by JEG - 3 cells were co - cultured with HEC-1 - A cells or HUVECs. The expression of VEGFA and p - VEGFR2 in HUVECs, the expression of EMT - related proteins E - cadherin, Vimentin, N - cadherin and Fibronectin as well as the expression of deciduation - related proteins BMP2, HOXA10, PRL and IGFBP1 in HEC -1 - A cells were measured by Western blot. The migration rate of HUVECs was measured by cell scratch assay. The invasion and migration ability of HUVECs were measured by Transwell assay, F - actin expression was measured by cytoskeleton assay, and the lumen length in HUVECs was measured by tubule formation assay.Results: Compared with Control group, the expressions of VEGFA and p - VEGFR2 in GW4869 group were significantly decreased. The expression of E - cadherin was significantly increased, while the expression of Vimentin, N - cadherin and Fibronectin were significantly decreased. The expressions of BMP2, HOXA10, PRL and IGFBP1 were significantly decreased. Cell invasion and migration ability were significantly decreased, the lumen length was decreased, and the expression of F - actin was significantly decreased. Compared with GW4869 group, the expressions of VEGFA and p - VEGFR2 in GW4869 + Yangxue Antai and GW4869 + exosome group were significantly increased. The expression of E - cadherin was significantly decreased, while the expression of Vimentin, N - cadherin and Fibronectin was significantly increased. The expressions of BMP2, HOXA10, PRL and IGFBP1 were significantly increased. Cell invasion and migration ability were increased significantly, the lumen length was increased, and the expression of F - actin was increased significantly.Conclusion: Yangxue Antai serum can affect the angiogenesis of endothelial cells, EMT and decidualization of endometrial cells by regulating the release of exosomes from JEG - 3 cells.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common reproductive endocrine and metabolic disorder disease and its incidence is increasing year by year. The pathogenesis of this disease has not been clarified, which is also a major challenge in clinical treatment. Cangfu Daotan Decoction, derived from the secret recipe for diagnosis and treatment of Ye Tianshi Nvke Zhenzhi Mifang, is particularly effective in the treatment of PCOS. Studies have found that Cangfu Daotan Decoction exerts therapeutic effects by regulating phosphatidylinositol 3 - kinase/protein kinase (PI3K/Akt), nuclear transcription factor - κB(NF - κB), adenosine monophosphate - activated protein kinase (AMPK), mitogen- activated protein kinase (MAPK), and transforming growth factor - β1/SMAD family member 3 (TGF - β1/Smad3)signaling pathways. In clinical studies, Cangfu Daotan Decoction alone or modified Cangfu Daotan Decoction or in combination with western medicines or external therapies not only can alleviate the clinical symptoms of PCOS,but also are safe and effective, which are worthy of clinical application. This article systematically summarized the research progress of Cangfu Daotan Decoction by analyzing the mechanisms and clinical studies,in order to provide references for further basic experimental research and evidence to support the promotion of Cangfu Daotan Decoction for the treatment of PCOS in the future.

Objective: To analyze the therapeutic effect and immune mechanism of the Jianpi Yishen Huoxue Tongluo Paste Formula on the stable stage of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Methods: The clinical data of 83 COPD patients admitted to the outpatient service of Suzhou Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital during January, 2021 to August, 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the different treatment methods, they were divided into control group (n = 40,Western medicine treatment) and observation group (n = 43,Western medicine +Jianpi Yishen Huoxue Tongluo Paste Formula),which were treated for 2 months. The clinical efficacy, adverse reactions, Chinese medicine symptom scores before and after treatment, dyspnea severity [modified British Medical Research Council Respiratory Questionnaire (mMRC)], symptoms [COPD Self - Assessment Test Questionnaire (CAT)], exercise endurance [6 - minute walking distance (6MWD)], and T helper cell 17(Th17)/regulatory T were compared between the two groups Cell (Treg) ratio, and the annual number of attacks 1 year before treatment and 1 year after treatment.Results: The total effective rate of observation group was 95.00%, which was higher than that of control group 76.32% (P <0.05). After treatment, the syndrome score, mMRC score,CAT score, annual number of attacks and Th17/Treg ratio were decreased in both groups, and the 6MWD value was increased, and the change was greater in the observation group compared with the control group (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the control group(13.16%) and the observation group (5.00%) (P >0.05).Conclusion: The Jianpi Yishen Huoxue Tongluo Paste Formula is safer and more effective in the treatment of stable COPD It may exert its effect by affecting the Th17/Treg balance.

Objective: To observe the effect of Xiaoyong Liyan Decoction combined with auricular acupoint therapy on the clinical symptoms and inflammatory reaction of recurrent suppurative tonsillitis in pediatric patients with wind- heat - aggravated lung syndrome.Methods: One hundred and seventy cases of children with recurrent suppurative tonsillitis with wind - heat against the lung syndrome admitted to Puyang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2022 to June 2024 were selected, and were randomly divided into two groups using the envelope method, with 85 cases in a single group. The control group was given conventional symptomatic treatment with western medicine, and the treatment group was given Xiaoyong Liyan Decoction combined with auricular acupoint therapy on the basis of it, with a continuous intervention of 7 d. Inflammatory factors, the time of improvement of symptoms and signs, the degree of tonsillar enlargement, the Chinese medicine symptom scores as well as the rate of adverse reaction reaction were compared between the two groups.Results: White blood cell count (WBC), C - reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor - alpha (TNF - α), and interleukin 8 (IL - 8) were lower in both groups after treatment compared with before treatment, and were lower in the treatment group after treatment (P < 0.05). The time for fever reduction, disappearance of sore throat, disappearance of purulent secretions, and swelling of tonsils in the treatment group were shorter than those in the control group (P <0.05). The degree of tonsil enlargement after treatment in both groups was improved compared with that before treatment, and the degree of tonsil enlargement after treatment in the treatment group was lighter (P < 0.05). The primary symptom scores (fever, sore throat, tonsillar enlargement, purulent secretion)and secondary symptom scores (irritating dry cough, obstructive sensation, nausea, thirst) were lower in both groups after treatment compared with those before treatment, and they were lower in the treatment group after treatment (P <0.05). There was no difference in the rate of adverse reaction response between the two groups (4.71% in the control group and 7.06% in the treatment group) (P >0.05).Conclusion: Xiaoyong Liyan Decoction combined with auricular acupoint therapy can reduce inflammatory reaction, improve tonsil enlargement and promote disease recovery in pediatric recurrent suppurative tonsillitis with wind - heat against the lungs.

Objective: To evaluate the therapeutic effect of ""Xingshui Tongqi Decoction"" (XTD) in patients with hydrosalpinx - related infertility of dampness - heat and blood stasis syndrome.Methods: A total of 124 patients diagnosed with hydrosalpinx - related infertility (dampness - heat and blood stasis syndrome) and treated in the First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of Chinese Medicine from January 2023 to January 2024 were enrolled. They were randomly divided into a control group (n = 62, conventional postoperative anti - infection therapy) and an observation group (n =62, XTD combined with conventional therapy). All patients underwent hysteroscopic - laparoscopic surgery, followed by 3 menstrual cycles of treatment. Ovarian function (LH, E₂, FSH, AMH), endometrial receptivity(endometrial thickness, volume, PI, RI), TCM syndrome scores, postoperative complications, pregnancy outcomes, and hydrosalpinx recurrence were assessed during a 1 - year follow - up.Results: Compared with the control group, the observation group showed higher LH, FSH, and AMH levels, lower E₂ and TCM syndrome scores, improved endometrial receptivity, higher intrauterine pregnancy rate (P < 0.05), and lower hydrosalpinx recurrence rate (P < 0.05). No significant difference in safety was observed between groups (P > 0.05).Conclusion: XTD combined with hysteroscopic- laparoscopic surgery significantly improves ovarian function, enhances endometrial receptivity, increases intrauterine pregnancy rates, and reduces hydrosalpinx recurrence in patients with hydrosalpinx - related infertility (dampness - heat and blood stasis syndrome) , with a favorable safety profile.

Objective: To observe the efficacy and safety of Jieyu Anchang Tongxie Formula combined with Pinaverium bromide in the treatment of liver - depression and spleen - deficiency syndrome of irritable bowel syndrome with predominant diarrheal (IBS - D).Methods: A total of 112 IBS - D patients with liver - depression and spleen- deficiency treated in Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital from August 2022 to September 2023 were chosen and randomly separated into the observation group (n = 56, Jieyu Anchang Tongxie formula + Pinaverium bromide, 4 weeks) and control group (n=56, Pinaverium bromide, 4 weeks). 8 - week follow - up was arranged after the end to observe the sustained effect. The clinical efficacy, IBS symptom severity questionnaire (IBS - SSS), rectal sensitivity [anal canal resting pressure (ARP), anal maximum contraction pressure (AMCP) , rectal resting pressure (RRP), abdominal pain threshold, defecation threshold], serum vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), neurotransmitter [5 - serotonin (5- HT), Neuropeptide Y (NPY), calcitonin gene - related peptide (CGRP)], the number of intestinal flora, quality of life (IBS - QOL), self - rating anxiety scale (SAS) and self - rating depression scale (SDS) were compared between the two groups. The adverse reactions were recorded.Results: The observation group had higher effective rate (92.86%vs 78.57%) (P <0.05); IBS - SSS scores in the observation group were lower than those in the control group at 4 weeks and 8 weeks after treatment (P < 0.05) ; After treatment, ARP, abdominal pain threshold and defecation threshold in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P <0.05), while the levels of VIP, 5- HT, and CGRP were lower, the levels of NPY were higher, and Lactobacillus acidophilus and bifidobacterium were also higher (P <0.05) ; The observation group had lower IBS - QOL scores, SAS scores and SDS scores (P < 0.05). Th incidence of adverse reactions was similar in the two groups (7.14% and 3.57%, P > 0.05). Conclusions: Jieyu Anchang Tongxie Formula combined with Pinaverium bromide has good efficacy in the treatment of IBS - D, which can significantly improve symptoms, reduce the release of serum VIP, neurotransmitter and inflammatory factors, maintain intestinal mucosal barrier and rectal sensitivity, regulate intestinal flora and negative emotions, and improve patients' quality of life with good safety.

Objective: To conduct a retrospective analysis on the clinical efficacy of the renowned traditional Chinese medicine formula, Lichong Decoction, in treating adenomyosis.Methods: A total of 158 patients with adenomyosis who first visitedthe gynecology outpatient clinic of the First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine from January 2023 to August 2024 were selected. After screening, 100 patients with adenomyosis of the Qi deficiency and blood stasis pattern were included. They were treated with the Chinese herbal decoction Lichong Decoction, administered from the date of consultation, one dose daily, taken warm, with 30 days as one treatment cycle, for a total of 3 cycles.Results: After treatment, the uterine size in AM patients showed mild reduction; menstrual volume significantly decreased; the dysmenorrhea relief rate was 53% at 3 months post - treatment and 62% at 6 months post- treatment; levels of FSH, LH, E2, P, and T all decreased, with each showing statistical significance (P < 0.05).Conclusion: The Chinese herbal decoction Lichong Decoction has the effects of boosting Qi, regulating menstruation, activating blood circulation, resolving stasis, dispersing masses, and resolving nodules. It can effectively improve uterine volume, reduce excessive menstrual flow, and relieve dysmenorrhea in patients with adenomyosis, with a low incidence of adverse reactions, demonstrating clinical research value.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of oral administration of Chailing Decoction combined with external mirabilite application in patients with nephrotic syndrome edema.Methods: Eighty patients with nephrotic syndrome edema admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of Chinese Medicine from January 2023 to December 2024 were enrolled. Patients were divided into a control group and a treatment group based on admission sequence (odd and even numbers), with 40 patients in each group. The control group received conventional basic treatment plus external application of magnesium sulfate. The treatment group added Chailing Decoction to the control group's regimen. The two groups were compared in terms of edema treatment efficacy, physiological indicators, traditional Chinese medicine syndrome scores, liver and kidney function indicators, and safety.Results: The total effective rate for edema treatment was significantly higher in the treatment group than in the control group (P <0.05). Pre - treatment physiological and laboratory parameters showed no statistically significant differences between groups(P > 0.05). Post - treatment, the treatment group exhibited significantly lower fasting body weight and lower calf circumference than the control group (P <0.01), while demonstrating significantly higher 24 - hour urine output (P <0.01). Pre - treatment scores for TCM syndromes showed no statistically significant difference between groups (P >0.05). Post - treatment scores for edema, loose stools, fatigue, and poor appetite were significantly lower in the treatment group than the control group (P < 0.01). Pre - treatment liver and kidney function indicators showed no statistically significant difference between groups (P > 0.05). After treatment, alanine aminotransferase levels in the treatment group showed no statistically significant difference compared to the control group (P >0.05). However, 24- hour urinary protein levels, serum cystatin C, and blood urea nitrogen levels were significantly lower in the treatment group than in the control group (P < 0.01). The incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups showed no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05).Conclusion: The combination therapy of oral administration of Chailing Decoction combined with external mirabilite application significantly improved clinical efficacy in patients with nephrotic syndrome edema, enhanced physiological and laboratory parameters, and reduced traditional Chinese medicine syndrome scores. This regimen did not increase adverse reactions and demonstrated high safety.

Objective: To analyze the clinical efficacy of the traditional Chinese medicine formula WD3 (WD3)combined with carrilizumab in the treatment of advanced esophageal cancer.Methods: A total of 86 patients with advanced esophageal cancer admitted to the Jiangyin Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from September 2022 to August 2024 were divided into observation group (43 cases,WD3 combined with carrilizumab were used for treatment)and control group (43 cases, carrilizumab was used for treatment) by random number table method. TCM symptom score, quality of life, clinical efficacy, tumor markers, immune function, adverse reactions and prognosis were compared between the two groups.Results: After treatment, the scores of TCM symptoms in 2 groups were decreased(P < 0.05), and the scores in observation group were lower (P < 0.05). After treatment, the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire 30 (QLQ - C30) score was increased in both groups(P < 0.05), and higher in observation group (P < 0.05). The objective remission rate and disease control rate of observation group were higher than control group (P <0.05). After treatment, the levels of keratin19 fragment antigen 21 -1 (CYFRA21 - 1), carbohydrate antigen 199 (CA199) and squamous cell carcinoma associated antigen (SCC- Ag) in serum of 2 groups were decreased (P < 0.05), and the levels were lower in observation group (P < 0.05). After treatment, the levels of CD4 ⁺/CD8 ⁺, CD4 ⁺ and CD3 ⁺ were increased in 2 groups (P < 0.05), and higher in observation group (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the total incidence of class I to Ⅳ adverse reactions such as thrombocytopenia, rash, liver function injury and gastrointestinal reactions between the two groups(P > 0.05). After one year of follow - up, there were 1 case lost to follow - up in the observation group and 2 cases lost to follow - up in the control group, resulting in a follow - up rate of 96.51% (83/86), and the survival rate was 83.33% (35/42) in the observation group and 63.41% (26/41) in the control group. The survival curve of observation group was better than control group (P <0.05).Conclusion: In patients with advanced esophageal cancer, the combination of WD3 and carrellizumab has significant therapeutic effect, which can improve the quality of life and immune function of patients, reduce the level of tumor markers, is safe and reliable, and can prolong the survival time of patients.