Objective: To explore Zhang Zhongjing's understanding of the efficacy and indications of Semen Persicae(Taoren) and his medication characteristics.Methods: Based on the 13 clauses where Zhang Zhongjing applied Semen Persicae and the nine formulas containing Semen Persicae in Treatise on Cold Damage and Miscellaneous Diseases and Synopsis of the Golden Chamber—Dahuang Mudan Tang (Rhubarb and Moutan Decoction), Taobe Chengqi Tang(Peach Kernel Purgative Decoction), Didang Tang (Resistance Decoction), Didang Wan (Resistance Pill), Xiayuxue Tang (Stasis - Expelling Decoction), Biejiajian Wan (Turtle Shell Decoction Pill), Guizhi Fuling Wan (Cinnamon and Poria Pill), Dahuang Zhechong Wan (Rhubarb and Ground Beetle Pill), treatment of horse falls, and all formulus for treating tendon and bone injuries—the efficacy and indications of Semen Persicae were summarized. Results and Conclusion: Semen Persicae can purify the lung and unblock the fu organs, enter the blood and remove stasis, gradually attack and break stasis, and unblock the vessels and activate collaterals to treat acute critical conditions such as intestinal abscess, blood stasis, and tendon and bone injuries. It can regulate qi and blood, nourish blood and supplement deficiency to treat difficult and complicated diseases such as abdominal masses and consumptive blood dryness. It can also expel stasis and regulate menstruation, eliminate masses and stop bleeding to treat gynecological disorders such as postpartum abdominal pain, persistent lochia, unfavorable menstruation, amenorrhea, and female abdominal masses. For acute critical conditions, large doses and aggressive attacking methods are used; for difficult and complicated diseases and chronic conditions, small doses and gradual unblocking methods are applied. Both decoctions and pills are used for long - term treatment. For activating blood and removing stasis, the dosage should be large, mostly decocted and taken with wine; for moistening dryness and moving stagnation, the dosage is slightly smaller, mostly prepared into honeyed pills.

Objective: To explore the mechanism of Bushen Jiangzhi Formula in intervening atherosclerosis (AS) in Apoe⁻/⁻ mice based on comprehensive tissue metabolomics.Methods: Apoe⁻/⁻ mice were fed a high - fat diet to establish an AS model and randomly divided into model (M) group, Bushen (BS) group, and atorvastatin (ATV)group, with age - matched C57BL/6J mice as normal control (C) group. After 12 weeks of intervention, ultra - high - performance liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC - MS/MS) combined with UPLC - Orbitrap mass spectrometry - based untargeted lipidomics was used to detect aortic metabolites and lipids. Bioinformatics analysis was performed to identify signature differential metabolites and lipids.Results: High - fat diet induced typical AS lesions and lipid accumulation in the aortic sinus of Apoe⁻/⁻ mice. Aortic metabolites were mainly classified as lipids and lipid - like molecules. Compared with the M group, the BS group showed 7 upregulated and 2 downregulated differential metabolites in positive ion mode, and 12 upregulated and 3 downregulated in negative ion mode. Bushen Jiangzhi Formula reversed the expression trends of signature differential metabolites, including deoxythymidine 5' - phosphate(dTMP) and milnacipran. KEGG analysis indicated that dTMP was significantly enriched in the pyrimidine metabolism pathway. Lipidomics identified 3,897 lipid molecules belonging to 44 subclasses. Compared with the M group, the BS group exhibited 102 significantly upregulated and 24 downregulated differential lipid molecules. Bushen Jiangzhi Formula reversed the expression trends of 30 signature differential lipids related to phosphatidylserine (PS), triglyceride (TG), and lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) subclasses. Correlation analysis revealed strong interrelationships among these signature lipids.Conclusion: The mechanism of Bushen Jiangzhi Formula in intervening AS in Apoe⁻/⁻ mice may involve regulating aortic metabolite dTMP through the pyrimidine metabolism pathway and modulating the expression of PS -, TG -, and LPC - related lipid molecules at the comprehensive tissue metabolomics level.

Objective: To investigate the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of Yinhuang Lotion on wound healing in diabetic ulcer rats.Methods: A diabetic model was established in SD rats using a high - sugar, high - fat diet combined with a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ). A diabetic skin ulcer model was then created through surgical intervention and stimulation with 50% glacial acetic acid. The successfully modeled rats were randomly divided into a model group, a Yinhuang Lotion group, and a Kangfuxin Liquid group, with 12 rats in each group. An additional 12 normal SD rats served as the control group. The ulcer wounds of the control and model groups were covered with gauze soaked in normal saline. The Yinhuang Lotion group received gauze soaked in Yinhuang Lotion, while the Kangfuxin Liquid group was treated with gauze soaked in Kangfuxin Liquid. All groups underwent daily dressing changes for 28 days. On days 14 and 28, six rats from each group were randomly selected to assess general condition, body weight, fasting blood glucose, ulcer area, and ulcer healing rate. Serum levels of interleukin - 18 (IL - 18) and tumor necrosis factor - α (TNF - α) were measured using ELISA, while the expression levels of hypoxia - inducible factor 1α (HIF - 1α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were detected via Western blot.Results: On days 14 and 28, compared with the control group, the model group exhibited larger ulcer areas, lower ulcer healing rates, higher levels of inflammatory factors, and reduced expression of related proteins (P <0.05). In contrast, the Yinhuang Lotion and Kangfuxin Liquid groups showed smaller ulcer areas, higher ulcer healing rates, lower inflammatory factor levels, and increased expression of related proteins (P <0.05). Furthermore, on days 14 and 28, the Yinhuang Lotion group demonstrated significantly smaller ulcer areas (P <0.01), higher ulcer healing rates (P < 0.01), lower inflammatory factor levels (P <0.01), and higher expression of related proteins (P < 0.01) compared with the Kangfuxin Liquid group.Conclusion: Yinhuang Lotion can promote angiogenesis in ischemic wounds, accelerate tissue repair, and shorten the treatment period for diabetic ulcers by inhibiting inflammatory factors and regulating the HIF - 1α/VEGF signaling pathway, thereby effectively treating diabetic ulcer wounds.

Objective: To investigate the intervention effect of Feijin Mixture on airway mucus hypersecretion in mice with cough variant asthma (CVA).Methods: Mice were divided into five groups: control group, model group, low- dose Feijin Mixture group, high - dose Feijin Mixture group, and prednisone group. A CVA mouse model was established by sensitization and challenge with ovalbumin (OVA) and aluminum hydroxide [Al(OH)₃]. Mice in the control and model groups were administered normal saline by gavage, while mice in the treatment groups received corresponding doses of drugs. Pathological changes in lung tissue were detected by hematoxylin - eosin (HE) staining. Mucin content secreted by tracheal epithelial cells was observed by Alcian blue - periodic acid - Schiff (AB - PAS)staining. Mucin 5AC (Mucin5AC) content in lung tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry. Tumor necrosis factor - α (TNF - α) levels in lung tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, as well as serum levels of interleukin - 4(IL - 4) and interleukin-8 (IL - 8), were measured by enzyme - linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression in lung tissue was detected by Western blot.Results: Compared with the model group, the Feijin Mixture groups showed reduced bronchial epithelial goblet cell hyperplasia, inflammatory cell infiltration around the respiratory tract and bronchi and blood vessels, and reduced fibroblast hyperplasia in alveolar walls of the respiratory region. The number of goblet cells, Mucin5AC content, PAS - positive staining area, TNF - α, IL - 4, IL - 8, and p - EGFR/EGFR expression in lung tissue were decreased in the Feijin Mixture groups (P <0.05).Conclusion: Feijin Mixture can reduce the expression of airway mucin - like proteins, alleviate pathological changes and inflammatory responses, thereby effectively intervening in airway mucus hypersecretion through the TNF - α/EGFR pathway.

Objective: To investigate the properties and morphology of Coptis chinensis - Evodia rutaecarpa self- assemblies and their effects on the contents of seven components: epiberberine hydrochloride, coptisine hydrochloride, palmatine hydrochloride, berberine hydrochloride, evodiamine, rutaecarpine, and evodin.Methods: The morphology, fluidity, and water absorption rate of the self - assemblies were characterized. High - performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) was used to compare the differences in the seven components among single decoctions of Coptis chinensis and Evodia rutaecarpa, co - decoction supernatant, and the self - assemblies.Results: The self - assemblies exhibited good fluidity and water - absorbing swelling properties. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that they were spherical particle aggregates. The formation of self - assemblies led to a decrease in the contents of the seven components in the supernatant, with significant reductions in evodiamine, berberine hydrochloride, and evodin, while epiberberine hydrochloride slightly increased. Among the seven components in the self - assemblies, berberine hydrochloride was relatively abundant and likely a key component in the formation of the self - assemblies.Conclusion: A quantitative method for the seven components in Coptis chinensis - Evodia rutaecarpa self - assemblies was established, which can be used by enterprises to monitor changes in the main components in the self - assemblies and supernatant. The Coptis chinensis - Evodia rutaecarpa self - assemblies are fundamentally different from chemical precipitation and can serve as a green strategy for supramolecular design and construction. This provides insights into the reuse of carrier - free self- assembled drugs and offers a new perspective for understanding self - assembly phenomena in traditional Chinese medicine decoctions.

This article interprets the pathological characteristics of coronary heart disease in the elderly from the perspective of the dysregulation of the "Qi - Blood - Vessel - Spirit" chain. It posits that deficiency is the fundamental basis of coronary heart disease in the elderly, with qi deficiency being the initiating factor. Prolonged qi deficiency leads to stagnation of deficient qi, which affects the blood, making qi stagnation and blood stasis the primary cause. When deficient qi stagnates in the vessels, vessel obstruction becomes the key pathological mechanism. When deficient qi stagnates and affects the spirit, mental restlessness becomes an independent risk factor. Based on this, the article summarizes the experience of the renowned traditional Chinese medicine practitioner Guo Shikui in treating coronary heart disease in the elderly by focusing on restoring the "Qi - Blood - Vessel - Spirit" chain. Specifically, for deficiency, tonifying qi is essential, promoting free flow through tonification; for blood stasis, activating circulation is appropriate, using free flow as tonification; for vessel obstruction, promoting free flow is crucial, warming and unblocking to relieve pain; for mental disturbance, harmonizing is the norm, resolving stagnation and calming the spirit. The aim is to provide a perspective and method for the treatment of coronary heart disease in the elderly with traditional Chinese medicine.

This article explores the pathogenesis of infertility due to diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) based on the "Liver - Kidney Theory" and summarizes Professor Han Yanhua's treatment experience. Based on the differentiation of the liver and kidney organs, the analysis is conducted from three aspects: kidney deficiency and essence depletion, liver failure in dispersion and discharge, and Qi deficiency and blood stasis. Kidney essence deficiency leads to hindered follicular development; liver stagnation and failure in discharge cause imbalance in the storage and discharge of the uterine chamber; Qi deficiency and blood stasis result in blockage of the thoroughfare and conception vessels, making it difficult for sperm and egg to combine, all of which can lead to infertility. Professor Han Yanhua advocates that treatment should focus on regulating the liver and kidney, combining dispersion and tonification, following the storage and discharge of the uterine chamber, and conducting cyclical regulation. Commonly used empirical formulas such as Bailing Tiaogan Decoction and Bushen Huoxue Formula are employed to harmonize Yin and Yang and nourish Qi and blood. This article briefly analyzes Professor Han Yanhua's clinical experience and academic ideas to share with peers, accompanied by one proven case.

Based on the discussion of the theory of phlegm and blood stasis in ancient literature, combined with modern medical research on femoral head bone marrow edema syndrome, the pathogenesis of phlegm and blood stasis in the same disease is explored. It is recognized that the occurrence and development of femoral head bone marrow edema syndrome are closely related to phlegm and blood stasis, and both phlegm and blood stasis are pathological factors that run through the entire course of the disease. It has been elucidated that the occurrence of femoral head bone marrow edema syndrome is closely related to the dysfunction of organs such as the liver, spleen, and kidneys. Its pathological mechanism is often based on deficiency of the root and excess of the target, with insufficient spleen and stomach circulation, liver and kidney dysfunction, and loss of muscle and bone nourishment as its root causes, and phlegm and blood stasis as its targets. Therefore, the treatment of this disease should be based on regulating qi and strengthening the spleen, nourishing liver, kidney, qi and blood, and promoting the circulation of qi and blood, in order to achieve the goal of "When blood circulation is activated, phlegm is resolved; when phlegm is eliminated, blood stasis is then dispersed."

As crucial components of human life activities, body, Qi, and spirit interact with each other, driving various vital processes. The onset and progression of cervical vertigo are accompanied by changes in body, Qi, and spirit. The "body" aspect is reflected in the pathological state of cervical spine muscle and bone imbalance; the "Qi" aspect manifests as dysfunction of Qi circulation and malnutrition of the brain; the "spirit" aspect is reflected in liver stagnation, muscle tension, and blocked brain connections. The pathological change in the body serves as the pathological foundation for the onset of cervical vertigo, the dysregulation of Qi is the root cause of the disease, and the disturbance of the spirit acts as a pathogenic factor. Therefore, in the treatment of cervical vertigo, it is necessary to emphasize the "unity of body, Qi, and spirit", prioritizing the manipulation of complex shape and the balance of muscles and bones, regulating Qi as the root cause, dredging yang Qi as the method, unblocking the governor vessel and soothing the liver, regulating the mind and stopping vertigo as the key, and utilizing traditional Chinese medicine, acupuncture, massage, psychological counseling, and other comprehensive means of treatment, in order to provide new insights for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of cervical vertigo.

Objective: To explore the effect of acupotomy combined with warm acupuncture and moxibustion on the improvement of vertebral artery blood flow and cervical joint range of motion in the treatment of cervical spondylotic radiculopathy (CSR).Methods: 92 patients with CSR diagnosed and treated in the Pain Department of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from June 2023 to June 2024 were selected as the research objects. They were divided into two groups by random number table. 46 patients in the control group were treated by warming acupuncture and moxibustion regularly, and 46 patients in the observation group were assisted with acupotomy at the same time. After three courses of treatment (three weeks), the vertebral artery blood flow, cervical joint range of motion, TCM syndrome score, effective rate and adverse reactions of the two groups were compared.Results: After 3 weeks of treatment, both groups showed significant improvement in bilateral vertebral artery blood flow velocity and bilateral vertebral artery blood flow compared to before treatment. The observation group had higher bilateral vertebral artery blood flow velocity and bilateral vertebral artery blood flow (P <0.05). After 3 weeks of treatment, the cervical joint range of motion scores in both groups decreased significantly compared to before treatment, with the observation group scoring lower than the control group (P < 0.05). After 3 weeks of treatment, the TCM syndrome scores of both groups decreased significantly compared to before treatment (P <0.05), and the TCM syndrome scores of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group (P < 0.05). After 3 weeks of treatment, the effective rate of the observation group was higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups of patients (P > 0.05).Conclusion: The combined scheme of acupotomy and warm acupuncture and moxibustion has significantly improved the vertebral artery blood flow and the cervical joint range of motion in the treatment of CSR population, which is conducive to improving the therapeutic effect and ensuring the safety.

Objective: To investigate the differences in clinical blood indicators among infants with cytomegalovirus(CMV) hepatitis of different Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) syndromes, providing reference for clinical syndrome differentiation.Methods: A total of 120 infants meeting the diagnostic criteria for cytomegalovirus hepatitis were consecutively enrolled from Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, from Febuary 2022 to Febuary 2024, including 40 cases each of dampness - heat internal accumulation syndrome, spleen deficiency with dampness retention syndrome, and qi stagnation with blood stasis syndrome. Differences in red blood cell parameters, platelet parameters, coagulation function, and liver function indicators were compared among the syndromes.Results: No significant differences were found in gender or age among the groups (P >0.05). The disease duration was longer in the spleen deficiency with dampness retention group and qi stagnation with blood stasis group compared to the dampness- heat internal accumulation group (P < 0.01). Regarding liver function, the qi stagnation with blood stasis group had higher GGT levels than the dampness - heat internal accumulation group (P <0.01), while the spleen deficiency with dampness retention group showed higher ALT levels (P <0.01). Both spleen deficiency with dampness retention and qi stagnation with blood stasis groups exhibited higher AST, TBIL, DBIL, and TBA levels than the dampness - heat internal accumulation group (P <0.05, P < 0.01). The qi stagnation with blood stasis group had higher TBIL, DBIL, and TBA levels than the spleen deficiency with dampness retention group (P <0.01). In red blood cell parameters, the spleen deficiency with dampness retention and qi stagnation with blood stasis groups showed lower RBC, HGB, and HCT but higher RDW compared to the dampness - heat internal accumulation group (P <0.05, P < 0.01). Platelet analysis revealed higher PLT in the qi stagnation with blood stasis group than in the spleen deficiency with dampness retention group (P <0.01). Coagulation tests demonstrated longer PT and higher INR in the qi stagnation with blood stasis group(P < 0.01) but lower FIB (P <0.05) versus the dampness - heat internal accumulation group. The spleen deficiency with dampness retention group had prolonged APTT (P < 0.05).Conclusion: Significant differences exist in blood indicators among different TCM syndromes of infantile cytomegalovirus hepatitis, providing a theoretical basis for clinical syndrome differentiation.

Objective: To explore the influence of Tongfei Pingxiao Decoction combined with acupoint acupuncture on TCM syndromes, serum immunoglobulin (Ig) E, intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM - 1) and interferon - γ (IFN - γ) in children with acute attack of bronchial asthma (BA).Methods: 144 children with BA acute attack of heat wheezing admitted to Jingzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital were selected from October 2023 to October 2024 as the research subjects. According to the random number table method, the above children were divided into control group and observation group, 72 cases in each group. Both groups were given routine treatment, and the control group was treated with acupoint acupuncture, whereas the observation group was combined with Tongfei Pingxiao Decoction on the basis of the control group. The clinical efficacy and safety in the two groups were evaluated, and the differences in TCM syndromes scores, lung function [forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1), peak expiratory flow (PEF)], serum IgE, ICAM - 1 and IFN - γ levels were analyzed in both groups.Results: The observation group had significantly higher total effective rate than the control group (P < 0.05). After treatment, the scores of wheezing, cough, runny nose, tongue and pulse and levels of serum IgE and ICAM - 1 in both groups were significantly decreased, and the above scores and levels in observation group were significantly lower than those in control group (P <0.05). The lung function indexes such as FVC, FEV1%, PEFR% and serum IFN- γ were significantly increased in the two groups after treatment, and the indexes were significantly higher in observation group (P < 0.05).Conclusion: Based on the conventional western medicine treatment, Tongfei Pingxiao Decoction combined with acupoint acupuncture can effectively improve the clinical symptoms and lung function of children with acute attack of BA. The role mechanism may be related to the regulations of serum IgE, IFN - γ and ICAM - 1.

Objective: To explore the clinical effect of Shenghui Decoction on vascular dementia with kidney essence deficiency.Methods: A total of 110 VD patients with kidney essence deficiency syndrome admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2023 to June 2024 were selected and divided into the control group and the observation group according to different clinical treatment methods, with 55 cases in each group. The control group was treated with conventional western medicine (nimodipine + piracetam), and the observation group was treated with western medicine combined with Shenhui decoction. The efficacy, TCM symptoms, cognitive function [Dementia Rating Scale (CDR), Mini - Mental State Examination (MMSE)], oxidative stress [nitrotyrosine(NT), reduced glutathione (GSH), total antioxidant capacity (T - AOC)], neurological function [neurofilament light chain polypeptide (NF - L), B - cell lymphoma - 2 (Bcl - 2), neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), brain- derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)] and medication safety were compared between the two groups.Results: The efficacy of the observation group was higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05). After treatment, the TCM symptom scores, CDR scores, and levels of NT, NF - L and nNOS in the two groups were reduced, and the reduction was more significant in the observation group (P <0.05). After treatment, the MMSE score, GSH, T - AOC, Bcl - 2 and BDNF levels of the two groups increased, and the observation group increased more significantly (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in medication safety between the two groups (P > 0.05).Conclusion: Modified Shenghui Decoction is safe and effective in treating VD with kidney essence deficiency syndrome. It can not only promote the recovery of neurological function and reduce oxidative stress damage but also improve patients' cognitive function and enhance the overall clinical efficacy.

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of oral Jianpi Shuyi Decoction in treating patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP) of liver depression and spleen deficiency syndrome.Methods: Using a randomized number table method, from September 2019 to July 2023 80 CP patients with liver depression and spleen deficiency syndrome who visited Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine were divided into a control group and an experimental group, with 40 cases in each group. The control group received Western medicine treatment, while the experimental group received the same plus Jianpi Shuyi Decoction. The treatment course was 4 weeks, and both groups were treated for 2 courses. The clinical efficacy, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) symptom scores, abdominal pain visual analog scale (VAS) scores, laboratory indicators [serum amylase (AMS), lipase (LPS), fasting blood glucose (FBG)] levels, and the diameters of the main pancreatic duct and common bile duct were compared between the two groups.Results: After treatment, the total clinical effective rate in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group (89.74% vs. 68.42%), with a statistically significant difference(P < 0.05). After treatment, abdominal pain, poor appetite, and pain - diarrhea symptoms in the control group were significantly reduced compared with those before treatment (P < 0.05). In the experimental group, abdominal pain, abdominal distension, poor appetite, depression and irritability, loose and sticky stools, and pain - diarrhea symptoms were significantly reduced compared with those before treatment (P < 0.05). Moreover, the scores for abdominal pain, abdominal distension, loose and sticky stools, and pain - diarrhea symptoms in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). After treatment, the VAS scores of both groups were significantly reduced (P < 0.05), and the VAS score of the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group(P < 0.05). The AMS levels of both groups were significantly reduced (P < 0.05), and the experimental group was significantly lower than the control group (P < 0.05). No significant reduction in LPS level was observed in the control group (P > 0.05), while the LPS level in the experimental group was significantly reduced (P < 0.05) and significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). No significant reduction in FBG levels was observed in either group(P > 0.05), and there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). After treatment, the diameters of the main pancreatic duct and common bile duct in both groups showed no significant changes compared with those before treatment (P > 0.05).Conclusion: Jianpi Shuyi Decoction can effectively alleviate clinical symptoms such as abdominal pain, improve digestive function, reduce serum amylase and lipase levels, alleviate inflammatory responses, and demonstrate good safety in treating CP patients with liver depression and spleen deficiency syndrome.

Objective: To explore the clinical value of Yiqi Quxie Cangerzi Decoction combined with acupoint catgut embedding in the prophylactic treatment of patients with lung qi deficiency and cold type of seasonal allergic rhinitis.Methods: 168 patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis of lung qi deficiency and cold type in Zhangjiakou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine were selected from May 2022 to October 2023, and were randomized into combined group, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) group, catgut embedding group and control group by convenient sampling method, with 42 cases in each group. All four groups received prophylactic treatment 2 weeks before disease onset in each previous year, and the control group was treated with mometasone furoate nasal spray, and the TCM group was given oral administration of modified Yiqi Quxie Cangerzi Decoction, the catgut embedding group received acupoint catgut embedding, and the combined group adopted modified Yiqi Quxie Cangerzi Decoction combined with acupoint catgut embedding. The clinical efficacy was compared among the four groups of patients. The nasal symptoms and signs [total nasal symptom score (TNSS)], rhinitis accompanying symptoms [total non - nasal symptom score (TNNSS)] and quality of life [rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life questionnaire (RQLQ)] after 4 weeks and 8 weeks of treatment were evaluated. The adverse reactions and recurrence were observed in the four groups.Results: The effective rate in TCM group, catgut embedding group and combined group was obviously higher compared to control group (P <0.01). After 4 and 8 weeks of treatment, the scores of TNSS, TNNSS and RQLQ in TCM group, catgut embedding group and combined group were significantly lower than those in control group (P < 0.05). The recurrence rate was significantly lower in TCM group, catgut embedding group and combined group than that in control group (P <0.01). Only 2 cases of nasal bleeding occurred in control group, and no other obvious adverse reactions were found.Conclusion: Yiqi Quxie Cangerzi Decoction combined with acupoint catgut embedding therapy has a significant prophylactic treatment effect on seasonal allergic rhinitis of lung qi deficiency and cold type. Meanwhile, it can effectively improve the quality of life of patients, and it has low recurrence rate and low risk of adverse reactions.

Objective: To explore the clinical effect of Chaihu Longgu Muli Decoction on breast hyperplasia of liver qi stagnation syndrome and its influence on immune function.Methods: A total of 110 patients with mammary hyperplasia with liver - qi stagnation syndrome admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine from July 2023 to July 2024 were selected and divided into 2 groups according to treatment methods, with 55 cases each. The control group was treated with conventional Western medicine, and the observation group was treated with conventional Western medicine combined with bupleurum keel and oyster soup. The efficacy, TCM syndrome score, improvement of breast mass, serum neurotransmitter indexes [5 - hydroxytryptamine (5 - HT), dopamine (DA)], estrogen indexes[estradiol (E₂), prolactin (PRL), progesterone (P)], immune function indexes and drug safety were compared between the two groups.Results: Compared with the control group, the observation group had higher efficacy and less adverse reactions (P < 0.05). After treatment, the scores of main syndrome, secondary syndrome, mass maximum diameter and visual analogue scale (VAS) were decreased in both groups, and the decrease was more obvious in the observation group (P <0.05). After treatment, the levels of E₂, PRL, 5 - HT and DA were decreased in both groups, the decrease was more obvious in the observation group, the levels of P, CD3⁺ and CD4⁺/CD8⁺ were increased in both groups, and the increase was more obvious in the observation group (P < 0.05).Conclusion: Chaihu Longgu Muli Decoction is used for clinical treatment of mammary hyperplasia of liver qi stagnation syndrome. It can improve clinical symptoms, breast mass and sex hormone levels, regulate serum neurotransmitter and immune function, improve clinical efficacy and drug safety.

Objective: To analyze the application value of the self - designed Xuanfei Tongqiao Decoction combined with acupoint application in the clinical efficacy, inflammatory factors, immune function and prognosis of children with allergic rhinitis. Method: The research subjects were 186 children with allergic rhinitis who were diagnosed and treated in our hospital from September 2022 to August 2024. They were divided into the control group (n = 93) and the observation group (n =93) by the random number table method. The control group was treated with loratadine syrup, while the observation group was treated with self - designed Xuanfei Tongqiao Decoction combined with acupoint application. Both groups were treated for 2 months. Compare the clinical efficacy of the two groups; The levels of inflammatory factors, immune function indicators, TCM syndrome scores and quality of life scores of the two groups of children before and after treatment were compared; Compare the incidence of adverse reactions after treatment between the two groups of children.Results: Compared with the control group, the total effective rate of clinical treatment of the children was significantly increased in the observation group (P < 0.01). After treatment, the levels of C - reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF - α) and interleukin - 6 (IL - 6) were significantly decreased in the observation group compared with the control group (P <0.01). Compared with the control group, the immunoglobulin E(IgE) and eosinophils (EOS) counts were significantly decreased in the observation group after treatment, and the CD4⁺/CD8⁺ levels were significantly increased in the observation group (P < 0.01). Compared with control group, TCM syndrome score and allergic rhinitis Quality of Life questionnaire (RQLQ) score were significantly decreased in observation group after treatment (P <0.01). Compared with the control group, the total incidence of adverse reactions after treatment was significantly reduced in the observation group (P <0.05).Conclusion: The self - proposed Xuanfei Tongqiao Decoction combined with acupoint application has a high clinical efficacy for children with allergic rhinitis. It can effectively improve the inflammatory response, immune function, TCM syndrome score and quality of life of the children, and has high safety.

Objective: To investigate the effect of eliminating phlegm and promoting blood circulation method combined with Western medicine in treating diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) with the pattern of phlegm - dampness obstructing collaterals.Methods: A total of 92 DPN patients with the pattern of phlegm - dampness obstructing collaterals admitted to Xuchang People's Hospital from January 2021 to November 2023 were selected as study subjects and divided into a combination group and a control group according to a random number table, with 46 cases in each group. In this study, 3 cases in the combination group dropped out/were excluded (2 withdrew voluntarily, 1 did not take medication as required by the study), and 4 cases in the control group dropped out/were excluded (1 withdrew voluntarily, 2 did not take medication as required by the study, 1 had worsened condition requiring other treatment plans). Finally, 43 patients were included in the combination group and 42 in the control group. The control group was treated with Western medicine, while the combination group was additionally treated with the method of eliminating phlegm and promoting blood circulation. Neurological function, nerve conduction velocity, traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) symptom scores, and oxidative stress indicators were compared between the two groups before and after treatment. Clinical efficacy and medication safety were also compared between the two groups.Results: After treatment, malondialdehyde (MDA), Toronto Clinical Scoring System (TCSS) scores, and TCM symptom scores decreased in both groups (P <0.05, P < 0.01), and the combination group was lower (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Superoxide dismutase(SOD), reduced glutathione (GSH), and nerve conduction velocity increased in both groups after treatment (P <0.05), and the combination group was higher (P <0.05). The total effective rate in the combination group was higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups (P > 0.05).Conclusion: The method of eliminating phlegm and promoting blood circulation combined with Western medicine can effectively improve TCM symptoms, enhance neurological function, reduce oxidative stress, and demonstrate significant clinical efficacy with a low risk of adverse reactions in treating DPN with the pattern of phlegm - dampness obstructing collaterals.

Objective: To investigate the effects of Shuhua Guwei Decoction combined with bacterial lysates on pulmonary function and immune function in children with recurrent respiratory tract infections (RRTI) and lung - spleen qi deficiency pattern.Methods: A total of 118 children with RRTI and lung - spleen qi deficiency pattern admitted to Qinhuangdao Hospital of Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, from March 2022 to March 2024 were selected and divided into a control group (treated with bacterial lysates) and an observation group (treated with Shuhua Guwei Decoction in addition to the control group treatment) according to a random number table method. The clinical efficacy, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome scores, pulmonary function indicators, immune function indicators, inflammatory indicators, and incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Results: After 4 weeks of treatment, the total effective rate in the observation group was 91.53% (54/59), which was higher than that in the control group (72.88%, 43/59), and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.01). After treatment, the TCM syndrome scores in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P <0.01). After treatment, the MMEF, FEF50, and FEF75 in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P <0.05), while the levels of IL - 4, IL - 6, TNF - α, and CRP were lower than those in the control group(P < 0.01). There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of adverse events between the observation group and the control group (P > 0.05).Conclusion: Shuhua Guwei Decoction combined with bacterial lysates in the treatment of children with RRTI and lung - spleen qi deficiency pattern can significantly improve clinical efficacy, TCM syndromes, pulmonary function, and immune function, while effectively reducing inflammatory levels, providing a new strategy for clinical treatment.

Objective: To analyze the effect of modified Banxia Xiexin Decoction in treating functional dyspepsia (FD).Methods: A total of 100 FD patients treated in the outpatient department of Jiangyin Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital from January 2024 to December 2024 were retrospectively included as study subjects. The patients were randomly divided into a control group and an observation group, with 50 cases in each group. Case data were sourced from the hospital's electronic medical record system. The control group received conventional Western medicine treatment, while the observation group received conventional Western medicine combined with modified Banxia Xiexin Decoction. After 4 weeks of treatment, the efficacy of the two groups was compared. Before treatment, at week 1, and at week 4 of treatment, Traditional Chinese Medicine syndrome scores (epigastric fullness, reduced appetite, fatigue), gastric antrum contraction frequency, gastric antrum contraction amplitude, gastric half - emptying time, motilin, gastrin, and somatostatin (SS) were compared between the two groups. Adverse reactions in both groups were also recorded.Results: After 4 weeks of treatment, the total effective rate in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05) ; before treatment, at 1 week, and at 4 weeks of treatment, scores of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndromes such as epigastric and abdominal fullness, reduced appetite, and fatigue, as well as antral contraction amplitude, gastric half - emptying time, and SS showed a gradual decreasing trend (P < 0.05), with the observation group lower than the control group (P <0.05). Antral contraction frequency, motilin, and gastrin showed a gradual increasing trend (P < 0.05), with the observation group higher than the control group. The main effects between groups were significant (P <0.05).Conclusion: modified Banxia Xiexin Decoction with significantly effective in treating functional dyspepsia (FD) can effectively improve patients' gastrointestinal motility and gastrointestinal hormone levels, and relieve clinical symptoms.

Ellagitannins are a class of structurally complex polyphenolic compounds and are common bioactive constituents in many traditional Chinese medicines and natural medicines. They possess significant application value in pharmaceuticals, food, and nutraceuticals. This article primarily reviews the pharmacological effects of ellagitannins derived from TCMs in disease treatment, summarizing their bioactivities in conjunction with their chemical structures, metabolism, and transformation characteristics. The aim is to provide a theoretical basis for the development and utilization of TCM resources rich in ellagitannins.

Pain, as the main symptom of postherpetic neuralgia (PHN), is considered in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) to be related to the generation and circulation of qi and blood. Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction is a modified formula derived from the combination of Sini Powder and Taohong Siwu Decoction. It specializes in promoting blood circulation, resolving stasis, moving qi, and relieving pain, and is mainly used to treat chest pain, headache, and other symptoms caused by qi stagnation and blood stasis. Clinically, this formula is often applied to treat cardiovascular diseases such as angina pectoris and coronary heart disease, but it can also be used for PHN of the qi stagnation and blood stasis type. Therefore, this article reviews the etiology and pathogenesis of PHN, as well as the research progress on Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction and its treatment of PHN, analyzing the formulation principles and compatibility characteristics of Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction in treating PHN, with the aim of providing references for the expanded application of Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction and the treatment of PHN.

Ganoderma is a valuable medicinal fungus with significant importance in both traditional Chinese medicine and modern medical practices. Historically, it has been esteemed for its abilities to replenish Qi (vital energy), calm the mind, and alleviate cough and asthma. In recent years, polysaccharides extracted from Ganoderma have garnered considerable attention as one of its primary active constituents, owing to their diverse pharmacological activities, including anti - tumor, antiviral, antioxidant, and anti - aging effects. This review summarizes the current research on the chemical structures and pharmacological effects of Ganoderma polysaccharides, aiming to provide a reference for their further development and application.