Latest ArticlesBreast cancer（BC）is one of the most common malignant tumors among women，and its incidence rate has been ranked the highest among female cancers athome and abroad. Nowadays，although the research on the prevention and treat ment of breast cancer has made great progress，such as surgery，radiotherapy，chemotherapy and immunotherapy，many complications may occur in the process of treatment，which may affect the quality of life of the patients，endanger their physical and mental health and even endanger their lives. According to the theory of traditional Chinese medicine，breast cancer belongs to “breast rock”，which is caused by“the evil excess and the vital Qi decline forming the mass accumulation”，and its treatment means are quite abundant，such as acupuncture and moxibustion，Tuina，plaster and guided therapy，etc. In recent years，traditional Chinese medicine has gained great popularity in the prevention and treatment of breast cancer. In recent years，the prevention and treatment of breast cancer by traditional Chinese medicine has received extensive attention from all walks of life，and more and more researches have shown that in the process of breast cancer prevention and treatment，there are many advantages of traditional Chinese medicine，such as reducing the toxic side effects of radiotherapy，lowering patients' resistance to medication，effectively controlling the disease，reducing complications and so on，and so more and more researchers have invested in the study of prevention and treatment of breast cancer with the aim of enriching the prevention and treatment means of breast cancer and reducing the toxic side effects produced by related treatments. Therefore，more and more researchers have devoted themselves to the study of traditional Chinese medicine in the prevention and treatment of breast cancer，with a view to enriching the means of prevention and treatment of breast cancer and reducing the toxic side effects of related treatment. However，the mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine in preventing and treating breast cancer has not been fully elucidated yet，and whether its mechanism of action is related to breast cancer-related signaling pathways（e.g.，Wnt，P13K/PTEN/AKT，etc.）still needs to be confirmed by a large number of clinical and experimental studies. Therefore，this paper summarized the current status of domestic and international research on the intervention of traditional Chinese medicine in relevant signaling pathways to prevent and control breast cancer in recent years，and explored the role and mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine in the prevention and treatment of breast cancer，with a view to providing a research direction for the succeeding researchers.
To observe the effect of Yiqi Congming Decoction（益气聪明汤）combined with acupuncture on dizziness caused by deficiency of Qi and blood.
A total of 100 cases of vertigo with deficiency of Qi and blood in the hospital from January 2020 to January 2023 were selected as research objects. By simple random number table，they were divided into observation group and control group with 50 cases in each group. Both groups received acupuncture treatment for 4 weeks，and the observation group was treated with Yiqi Congming Decoction for 4 weeks. Maximum vertebrobasilar blood systolic flow velocity，the levels of serum total cholesterol（TC）and fibrinogen（Fib）of the two groups were compared before and after treatment，and the vertigo scores of the two groups were compared before and after treatment. At the end of treatment，the therapeutic efficacy of the two groups and the occurrence of adverse reactions during treatment were compared according to the relevant standards of the Guiding Principles for Clinical Research of New Chinese Medicine Drugs.
The clinical recovery rates of the observation group and the control group were 38.00%（19/50）and 18.00%（9/50），respectively，and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）. After treatment，the levels of serum TC and Fib in the two groups were lower than those before treatment，and the levels of the observation group were lower than those of the control group. The difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）. After treatment，the maximum systolic flow velocities of left vertebral artery，right vertebral artery and basilar artery in both groups were significantly higher than those before treatment，and the values in the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group. The difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）. After treatment，the vertigo score in both groups was higher than that before treatment，and the score of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group. The difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）. No adverse reactions occurred in both groups during treatment.
Yiqi Congming Decoction combined with acupuncture in the treatment of vertigo with deficiency of Qi and blood has better effect than acupuncture alone. It can significantly improve the maximum systolic flow velocity of vertebra-basilar artery in patients and has high safety，which is suitable for promotion.
To explore the molecular mechanism ofWendan Decoction（温胆汤）improving cognitive impairment in schizophrenia from the perspective of neuronal synaptic plasticity by using glutamate-induced HT22 cells as a cellularmodel of schizophrenia and detecting synaptic plasticity related proteins，postsynaptic density protein-95（PSD-95），growth associated protein-43（GAP-43），c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase-interacting protein-3（JIP-3）and connexin-43（Cx-43）.
The SD ratswere randomly divided into four groups：Wendan Decoction 40 g/kg，30 g/kg and 20 g/kg groups and clozapine 0.02 g/kg group. Each drug group was given the corresponding dose of drug by gavage，once a day. After seven days，the ratswere be killed to collect blood and prepare the drug-containing serum. CCK8 assay was used to determine the concentration and time point of glutamate action on astrocytes. HT22 cells at 10 mmol/L glutamate for 24 h were used as a cellmodel to detect the effect of Wendan Decoction-containing serum on the apoptosis rate of HT22 cells by flow cytometry. RT-qPCR was used to detect the expressions of Psd95，Gap43，Jip3 and Cx43 mRNA in HT22 cells. The expressions of PSD-95，GAP-43，JIP-3 and Cx-43 proteins in HT22 cellswere detected by Western blot.
According to the results of the effectof different concentrations of glutamate on the proliferation rate of HT22 cells，10 mmol/L glutamate HT22 cells for 24 h were determined as the cell experimental conditions. Compared with thatof the normal control group，the apoptosis rate of HT22 cells in the glutamate model group increased significantly. The mRNA and protein expressions of PSD-95，GAP-43，JIP-3 and Cx-43 were also significantly down-regulated（P<0.01）. Compared with that of the glutamate model group，the apoptosis rate of HT22 cells in Wendan Decoction-containing serum groups were significantly decreased and the expressions of PSD-95，GAP-43，JIP-3，Cx-43 mRNA and protein significantly up-regulated（P<0.05 or P<0.01）.
Wendan Decoction may be to reduce apoptosis in neurons and up-regulate the expressions of PSD-95，GAP-43，JIP-3 and Cx-43，and then regulate synaptic plasticity，in order to effectively improve cognitive deficits in schizophrenia.
To explore the effects of Modified Zhibai Dihuang Pill（知柏地黄丸）combined with acupoint catgutembedding on sex hormones and plasma Kisspeptin levels in girls with idiopathic central precocious puberty.
Seventy-two girls with idiopathic central precocious puberty who received treatment in the hospital from June 2021 to December 2022 were selected as subjects of this study，and were randomly divided into observation group and control group according to random number table method，with 36 cases in each group. The observation group was treated with Modified Zhibai Dihuang Pill combined with acupoint catgut embedding. The control group was treated with lepraline acetate 3.75mg by subcutaneous injection. Growth and development indexes，secondary sex characteristics，sex hormone levels and plasma Kisspept in levels were compared between the two groups.
There were no significant differences in heightand weightbet ween two groups before and after treatment（P>0.05）. The bone age index between two groups before treatment had no significance（P>0.05）. The bone age indexes in the two groups after treatment were significantly lower than those before treatment，and the index in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group（P<0.05）. There were no significantdifferences in the diameter of milk nucleus，uterine volume，ovarian volume ormaximum follicle diameter between the two groups before treatment（P>0.05）. After treatment，the diameter ofmilk nucleus，uterine volume，ovarian volume and maximum follicle diameter between the two groups were significantly lower than those before treatment，and the values in the observation group wre significantly lower than those in the control group（P<0.05）. There were no significant differences in the levels of follicular estrogen（FSH），estradiol（E2）or luteinizing hormone（LH）between the two groups before treatment（P>0.05），and the levels in the two groups after treatment were significantly lower than those before treatment. There was no significant difference in plasma Kisspeptin level between the two groups before treatment（P>0.05），and the plasma Kisspeptin level in the two groups after treatment was significantly lower than that before treatment，and that in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group（P<0.05）.
In the treatment of idiopathic central precocious puberty in girls，Zhibai Dihuang Pill combined with acupoint catgut embedding can effectively improve the growth，development and secondary sex characteristics of the children，and reduce the secretion of sex hormones and plasma Kisspeptin.
To observe the differences in biological traits between male and female Fangji（Stephania tetrandra）and to screen and identify simple sequence repeats（SSR）loci，so as to provide methods and basis for clarifying the differences bet ween male and female Fangji（Stephania tetrandra）and identifying the sexes of Fangji（Stephania tetrandra）in the early stage.
The differences in biological traitswere observed and analyzed by using the artificial ex-situ planting for 4 years as experimental materials，and the SSR marker identification technology was used to dig out and verify the specific SSR loci ofmale and female Fangji（Stephania tetrandra），and the SSR marker sites that can be used for early identification ofmale and female Fangji（Stephania tetrandra）were screened and obtained.
There was no significant difference in the phenotypic traits of female and male Fangji（Stephania tetrandra）at the 0.05 significant level，and there was no significant difference in the diameter，surface color or cross-section color of male and female Fangji（Stephania tetrandra），but the diameter，surface color or cross-section color of of female Fangji（Stephania tetrandra）were lighter and more brittle and powdery than those of male Fangji（Stephania tetrandra）. A total of 38 956marker sites were obtained by mining SSRmolecular marker sites with MISA，including 25 632 loci formale plants and 30 389 loci for female plants.
There were some differences in the phenotypic traits of male and female Fangji（Stephania tetrandra）and the traits of medicinal materials，but there was no significant difference in the overall quality traits. The SSR molecular marker differential loci screened in this study can identify the sex of Fangji（Stephania tetrandra）at an early stage，which can provide an effective basis for the development of Fangji（Stephania tetrandra）planting industry.
To observe the protective effect of Jiedu Huayu Granules（解毒化瘀颗粒）on liver failure in rats and to investigate its mechanism of action.
Thirty SPF-grade Wistar rats were divided into blank control group，model control group and Jiedu Huayu Granules group（JDHYKL group）according to the number table method，with 10 rats in each group. Dgalactosamine（D-GalN）+lipopolysaccharide（LPS）was used to replicate the ratmodel of acute liver failure，and the JDHYKL group was given Jiedu Huayu Granules by irrigated 5 days beforemodeling and continued until 24 h after modeling，and the blank group and the model control group were given equal amounts of distilled water. The liver function［alanine aminotransferase（ALT），aspartate aminotransferase（AST），total bilirubin（TBil）］，the levels of oxidative stress indexes［malondialdehyde（MDA），superoxide dismutase（SOD），glutathione peroxidase（GSH-PX）］，inflammatory cytokines［interleukin-6（IL-6）and tumor necrosis factorα（TNF-α）］were detected in each group，and the histopathological changes of liver were observed in each group by HE staining.
The hepatocyte necrosis in the liver tissue of rats was significantly improved after treatment with Jiedu Huayu Granules. Meanwhile，it could significantly decrease the levels of ALT，AST，TBil，MDA，IL-6 and TNF-α，and increase the levels of SOD and GSH-PX（P<0.05）.
Jiedu Huayu Granules have significant antioxidant and antiinflammatory effects，and could mitigate hepatocyte necrosis in liver failure.
Alzheimer's disease is the most common type of dementia，characterized by cognitive decline and memory dysfunction. The orderly operation of cellular signal transduction pathways in the brain maintains the physiological function and activity of nerve cells. The phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase/protein kinase B（PI3K/Akt）signaling pathway is a classical pathway for cell proliferation，differentiation，growth and apoptosis，which can regulate downstream effector molecules involved in the occurrence and development of Alzheimer's disease. Itplays an important role in various aspects such as abnormal protein aggregation，insulin resistance in the brain，neuroinflammation，oxidative stress，apoptosis and atophagy. Based on the current research status at home and abroad，the article reviewed and summarized the recent progress in traditional Chinese medicine treating Alzheimer's disease by regulating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in recent years in order to provide new ideas for Alzheimer's disease drug treatment and provide reference for further in-depth mechanism research.
IgA nephropathy（IgAN）is the most common primary glomerular disease world wide and a common cause of endstage renal disease. At present，it is difficult to explain the etiology and pathogenesis. With the deepening of research，many scholars have found that intestinal flora dysbiosis and mucosal immune response are closely related to the occurrence and development of this disease. The clinical progression of IgAnephropathy caused and exacerbated by respiratory infections cannot be ignored. This article attempted to summarize and analyze the relationship among lung，intestines and IgAN based on the classic traditional Chinese medicine theory of “interior-exterior relationship between lung and large intestine” combined with modern medical research，in order to consider the possible prevention and treatment mechanisms of drugs applied to IgAN based on the theory of “interior-exterior relationship between lung and large intestine” and provide new directions for the clinical treatment and research of IgAN.
By consulting ancient literature，pharmacopoeia and processing specifications，this paper systematically combed the historical evolution of carbonized Chinese medicine，the historical edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia（hereinafter referred to as Ch. P），the national and provincial Chinese medicine processing specifications，and the collection of Chinese medicine processing experience in various places. It is found that charcoal medicine has a long history of application，and has a significanteffecton hemostasis and gastrointestinal diseases. The application of charcoal medicine in ancient times is mainly animal charcoal medicine，while in modern times it is mostly plant charcoal medicine. It is necessary to explore the clinical application value of animal charcoal medicine. A total of 78 kinds of charcoal drugs were recorded in the Ch. P，the national and provincial Chinese medicine processing specifications，and the processing experience of Chinese medicine in various places. Among them，39 kinds of charcoal drugs were recorded in the Ch. P，42 kinds of charcoal drugs were recorded in the national Chinese medicine processing specifications，24 kinds of charcoal drugs were recorded in the provincial Chinese medicine processing specifications，and 56 kinds of charcoal drugs were recorded in the processing experience of Chinese medicine in various places. Among them，12 kinds of charcoal drugs were only recorded in experience，and have not yetbeen recorded in the Ch. P and processing specifications. In addition，it was found that there was a phenomenon of “one drug with multiple methods” and “local methods” in the collection of the same charcoal drug. Some methods were consistent but there were some differences in the process. Based on this，the excavation and collation of charcoal drugs should be increased，the processing methods of charcoal drugs should be standardized，and more charcoal drugs should be actively promoted into the local and national Chinese medicine processing standards and pharmacopoeia standards. At the same time，the establishment of charcoal drugs processing standards should also be paid attention to，so that charcoal drugs can play a better clinical application value. Carbonized drugs are one of the important characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine processing. This paper systematically summarized the historical evolution，standards and experience of carbonized drugs，which can provide literature reference for further exploring the types of carbonized drugs and expanding their clinical application.
After corona virus disease 2019（COVID-19），there is a widespread hypoxic environment，and accompanied by lung，heart，brain and other systemic complications for a long time，which is consistent with the theory of “long-term disease involving collateral” of traditional Chinese medicine. The heart and brain are high oxygen consuming and energy consuming organs，which can directly or indirectly lead to the progression of chronic heart failure and mild cognitive dysfunction in the hypoxic environment. The subtle network of collaterals is easy to retain evils and “collaterals are connected”. The deficiency of lung Qi after COVID-19 and the lack of Qi and blood substances in the hypoxic environment create the pathogenesis characteristics of “Qi deficiency and collateral stasis”of the “lung collateral-heart collateral-brain collateral” axis. Therefore，it is of great significance to explore chronic heart failure with mild cognitive impairmentafter COVID-19 from the perspective of collateral diseases in traditional Chinese medicine.
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