Latest ArticlesMitophagy acts as a crucial mediator in the progression of heart failure（HF）after myocardial infarction（MI），characterized by the clearance of the damaged mitochondria and the maintenance of mitochondrial homeostasis. The regulation of mitophagy exerts a protective effect on cardiomyocytes post-MI. The theory of “harmful hyperactivity and responding inhibition” in traditional Chinese medicine elucidates the physiological and pathological phenomena in the human body and guides the clinical practice. The pathological mechanism underlying mitophagy dysfunction in HF after MI aligns with the theoretical essence that “hyperactivity is harmful，and commitment is a control.” The involvement of the internal organs results in the impaired Qi transformation，leading to the failure of the dispersal of essence，blood and body fluids，as well as the obstruction of phlegm，water and stagnant toxins within the heart vessels. This presents an excess of harm，manifested by the accumulation of inflammatory factors and reactive oxygen species（ROS），which contributes to the aggravation of mitophagy dysfunction. The interaction between these two aspects creates a vicious cycle that is pivotal to the progression from MI to HF. Adhering to the treatment principle of “restraining excess and alleviating hyperactivity”，and applying traditional Chinese medicine interventions that respect the pathogenesis characteristics can inhibit the mitochondrial damage，regulate the mitophagy，promote the clearance of inflammatory factors and ROS，protect the cardiomyocytes，and improve the cardiac function.
Awei（Ferulae Resina）first appeared in the Tang Dynasty's Newly Compiled Materia Medica（Xinxiu Bencao）. Before 1975，it was mainly imported from countries like Iran and Afghanistan. This traditional Chinese medicine，which has a history of over 1300 years recorded in herbal literature，has always been shrouded in mystery. To explore the true nature of imported Awei（Ferulae Resina），the author processed herbalogical study on the name，habitat and original plants，and then traveled to eastern Iran for an on-site investigation to clarify the source plant，harvesting methods，resources and applications. The results show that in ancient times，Awei（Ferulae Resina）imported from Iran is the mainstream for medicinal use，and Awei（Ferulae Resina）produced in Xinjiang may also have been used. The investigation results indicate that imported Awei（Ferulae Resina）is the dried resin of the perennial herb Awei（Ferula assa-foetida L.）from the Umbelliferae family. Wild resources of Awei（Ferula assa-foetida L.）are scarce and it is considered an endangered species in Iran，although it has been successfully cultivated. There are two methods for collecting Awei（Ferulae Resina）：（1）Before flowering，in the second or third year，the growing point around the underground root is cut to obtain resin.（2）During the flowering period，the stalk is broken from the root，shaded，and after a certain amount of resin has oozed out，it is scraped off. This process is repeated until the resin is exhausted. In Iran，the tender roots，petioles，leaf，flower clusters and fruits of Awei（Ferula assa-foetida L.）are all edible or used as spices. Additionally，Ferulae Resina is known locally for its digestive aid，expectorant，laxative，calming，analgesic，anti-parasitic，aphrodisiac and preservative properties. In the future，it is suggested that the resin of Xinjiang Awei（F. sinkiangensis K. M. Shen）or Fukang Awei（F. fukanensis K. M. Shen）in China can adopt local Iranian methods for multiple harvests to increase yield. To protect the resources of Xinjiang Awei（F. sinkiangensis K. M. Shen）or Fukang Awei（F. fukanensis K. M. Shen），it is also suggested that Awei（F. assa-foetida L.）should be recorded as one of the official original plants in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia.
Machine learning，as the core driving force of artificial intelligence，brings opportunities and challenges to the development of traditional Chinese medicine in the context of rapid development of information technology. Its combination with traditional Chinese medicine research has significantly promoted the standardization，efficiency and intelligence process of traditional Chinese medicine disease syndrome system，but it is still in the exploration stage. In this paper，it provided an overview of the research progress of machine learning in the field of traditional Chinese medicine from the fields of ancient literature，experience of famous doctors，syndrome-based diagnosis，disease prediction，as well as traditional Chinese medicine and acupuncture，and discussed its future development trend，with a view to providing new methodological ideas for the application of intelligent technologies，such as machine learning，to the study of traditional Chinese medicine.
To solve the problem of poor recognition performance of current traditional Chinese medicine case naming entity recognition models，and to improve the efficiency and accuracy of the structuring of traditional Chinese medicine cases.
A BDM-CRF named entity recognition neural network model was constructed to integrate multi-dimensional information. The model integrated Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory（BiLSTM），Gated-Dilated Convolutional Neural Networks（DGCNN）and Multi-Head Attention（MHA）models for multi-dimensional feature extraction. The feature extraction results were constrained by the Conditional Random Field（CRF）model. The effectiveness of the model was verified through comparative experiments，ablation experiments，pre-training model comparison experiments and neural network structure comparison experiments，validating and demonstrating the extraction performance of the model through case analysis.
The model proposed in this study achieved an average improvement of 2.30% in precision，4.73% in recall and 3.53% in F1 score compared to those of the control model. The case analysis results indicated that the model in this study can correctly identify most of the entity content in the text of traditional Chinese medicine medical cases.
The proposed model for the named entity recognition in traditional Chinese medicine（TCM）medical records，which integrates multi-dimensional information，can achieve better recognition results，effectively improve the accuracy and efficiency of TCM medical record structuring，and promote the intelligent processing of TCM medical records.
Based on Toll-like receptor 4（TLR-4）/MyD88/nuclear factor kappa-B（NF-κB）signal pathway，the regulatory effect of warm acupuncture on rabbit model of knee osteoarthritis was observed，and the mechanism of warm acupuncture in treating knee osteoarthritis was discussed.
Forty healthy big-ear white rabbits were randomly divided into blank group，model group，warm acupuncture group and western medicine group，with 10 rabbits in each group. The model of knee osteoarthritis was established by improved Hulth method. After four weeks of intervention，two rabbits were randomly killed. The pathological examination showed that the model was successful. HE staining was used to observe the morphological changes of rabbit knee joint and Mankin's score was made. Immunohistochemical method was used to observe the expressions of TLR-4，MyD88 and NF-κB in rabbit knee cartilage，and semi-quantitative analysis was made. The contents of interleukin-6（IL-6），interleukin-1β（IL-1β）and tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α）in rabbit serum were detected by ELISA. The protein expression levels of TLR-4，MyD88 and NF-κB in cartilage were detected by Wes automatic protein blot quantitative analysis system.
HE staining showed that the cartilage tissue of knee joint in the blank group was smooth without any pathological changes. In the model group，the surface of cartilage tissue was rough，and chondrocytes were clustered or reduced. The surface of cartilage tissue in warm acupuncture group and western medicine group was uneven，with a few cracks and a small amount of inflammatory cell infiltration. Compared with the blank group，the serum levels of IL-6，IL-1β and TNF-α in the model group increased significantly（P<0.05），while those in the warm acupuncture group and western medicine group decreased significantly（P<0.05）. Compared with those of the blank group，the expressions of TLR-4，MyD88 and NF-κB protein in cartilage tissue of the model group were significantly increased（P<0.05），while the expressions of TLR-4，MyD88 and NF-κB protein in cartilage tissue of the warm acupuncture group and western medicine group were significantly decreased（P<0.05），and the effect of the warm acupuncture group was more significant.
Warm acupuncture can inhibit the activation of TLR-4/MyD88/NF-κB signal pathway，reduce the contents of IL-6，IL-1β and TNF-α downstream，alleviate the inflammatory reaction，delay the progress of the disease，achieve the purpose of treating knee osteoarthritis，and repair the cartilage tissue to a certain extent.
To study the efficacy of Shenmai Injection（参麦注射液）in the treatment of diabetic lung injury and its effect on lung function and inflammatory factors in patients with diabetic lung injury.
A total of 110 patients with diabetic lung injury treated in the emergency department of the hospital from August 2021 to January 2024 were selected and divided into two groups according to the random number table method，with 55 cases in each group. The patients in the control group were treated with conventional western medicine，and those in the observation group were treated with Shenmai Injection on the basis of the control group for 10 days. The effective rate of traditional Chinese medicine（TCM）syndromes，lung function［forced vital capacity（FVC），oxygenation index（OI），static compliance（Cst）］，inflammatory factors［tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α），interleukin（IL）-6，IL-10］ and incidence of adverse reactions between two groups of patients.
The total effective rates of the observation group and the control group were 96.36% （53/55）and 83.64%（46/55），respectively. The rate of the observation group was higher than that of the control group and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）. After treatment，the values of FVC，OI and Cst of both groups significantly increased，and the values of the observation group were higher than those of the control group（P<0.05）. After treatment，the serum levels of TNF-α，IL-6 and IL-10 in both groups were significantly reduced，and the levels of the observation group were lower than those of the control group（P<0.05）. No serious adverse reactions occurred in either group.
Shenmai Injection is effective in the treatment of diabetic lung injury. It can effectively improve the lung function of patients，reduce the levels of inflammatory factors，and promote the relief of symptoms. It is a safe and effective treatment plan.
To study the efficacy of Shensong Yangxin Capsule（参松养心胶囊）in the treatment of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation and its effect on the levels of serum creatine kinase（CK），creatine kinase isoenzyme（creatine kinase-MB，CK-MB）and cardiac troponin I（cTnI）in patients.
A total of 320 patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation diagnosed and treated in the hospital from January 2021 to February 2024 were selected as the research objects. According to the treatment plan，they were divided into two groups. A hundred and sixty patients treated with conventional western medicine were as the control group，and the other 160 patients treated with Shensong Yangxin Capsule on the basis of conventional western medicine were as the observation group. The curative effect，TCM syndrome scores，serum myocardial injury markers，cardiac function indexes and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.
The total effective rate of the observation group was 97.50%（156/160），which was significantly higher than that of the control group（92.50%，148/160）（P<0.05）. After treatment，the scores of palpitation，chest tightness，upset，poor sleep，dizziness and fatigue in the two groups were significantly decreased（P<0.05），and those in the observation group were lower than the control group（P<0.05）. After treatment，the levels of serum CK，CK-MB and cTnI in the two groups were significantly decreased（P<0.05），and those in the observation group were lower than those in the control group（P<0.05）. After treatment，the left atrial diameter（LAD）of the two groups decreased，and the left ventricular ejection fraction（LVEF）and stroke volume（SV）increased. The indexes of the observation group were better than those of the control group（P<0.05）.
Shensong Yangxin Capsule is effective in the treatment of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. It can better improve TCM syndromes，reduce myocardial injury and improve cardiac function. It is worthy of application.
Zaojiaoci（Gleditsiae Spina）is a dry thorn of the leguminous plant Zaojia（Gleditsia sinensis Lam），which has the function of reducing swelling and supporting poison，expelling pus and killing insects. The main chemical components include polyphenols，flavonoids，terpenoids，sterols，etc. Modern pharmacology indicates that Zaojiaoci（Gleditsiae Spina）has various pharmacological effects such as anti-tumor，anti-bacterial，anti-coagulation，immune regulation and anti-allergy effects. However，there is no index component for quality control in recorded of Zaojiaoci（Gleditsiae Spina）in Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Furthermore，there is no systematical standard basis for interpreting the relationship between its “composition” and “quality”. Therefore，the chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Zaojiaoci（Gleditsiae Spina）were summarized. According to the concept of quality marker（Q-Marker），the Q-Markers of Zaojiaoci（Gleditsiae Spina）were predicted from the aspects of plant relatives，chemical composition specificity，composition and efficacy correlation，traditional medicinal properties，compound compatibility and chemical measurement of chemical composition，which provided the basis for the quality evaluation and rational development and utilization of Gleditsiae Spina.
Daqingye（Isatidis Folium）is the dried leaves of Songlan（Isatis indigotica Fort）. Its chemical composition mainly includes alkaloids，organic acids，flavonoids，lignans，etc.，with antiviral，anti-endotoxin，anti-inflammatory，antibacterial，antioxidant，anti-tumor，immune regulation and other effects. Based on the research progress of chemical components and pharmacological effects of Daqingye（Isatidis Folium），the quality markers of Daqingye（Isatidis Folium）were predicted and analyzed from the aspects of transmission and traceability，plant genetics，chemical component specificity，effectiveness and measurability. It is predicted that indirubin，indigo，tryptanthrin，4（3H）- quinazolinone，1，2，2＇-tri-O-E-sinapoyl-β-gentiobiose，1，2，6＇-tri-O-E-sinapoylgentiobiose，isovitexin，isoscoparin and lariciresinol can be used as the candidate compounds of the quality markers of Daqingye（Isatidis Folium），which can provided a reference for improving the quality evaluation system of Daqingye（Isatidis Folium）.
To analyze the clinical efficacy and regression of patients with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome treated with Modified Xuanbai Chengqi Decoction（宣白承气汤加减）.
A total of 120 patients with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome were selected for the study，60 cases of the control group were treated with conventional treatment，and 60 cases of the observation group were treated with auxiliary treatment of Modified Xuanbai Chengqi Decoction based on the above mentioned foundation. The blood gas indicators，traditional Chinese medicine syndrome scores，inflammatory factors，acute physiology and chronic health conditions（APACHE Ⅱ），sequential organ failure assessment（SOFA）scores，mechanical ventilation time and ICU stay time of the two groups were compared between the two groups.
The level of partial pressure of carbon dioxide（PaCO2）of the observation group was lower than that of the control group and the levels of partial pressure of oxygen（PaO2）and PaO2/fraction of inspiration O2（FiO2）were higher than those of the control group after 3 d and 7 d of treatment（P<0.05）. The traditional Chinese medicine syndrome scores of the observation group were lower than those of the control group，and the time of mechanical ventilation and ICU hospitalization were shorter than those of the control group after treatment（P<0.05）. The levels of interleukin-1β（IL-1β），tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α）and interleukin-6（IL-6）of the observation group were lower than those of the control group after 3 d and 7 d of treatment（P<0.05）. The APACHE Ⅱ scores and SOFA scores were lower than those of the control group after treatment（P<0.05）.
The application of Modified Xuanbai Chengqi Decoction adjuvant treatment for patients with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome is conducive to improving the patients＇ oxygenation index and blood oxygen metabolism，enhancing the tissue circulation，regulating the levels of inflammatory factors，correcting the manifestations of respiratory distress and hypoxemia faster，and contributing to the improvement of the patients＇prognosis.
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