To evaluate the clinical effect of Xiaoer Dingchuan s（小儿定喘颗粒）in children with respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia（phlegm-heat blocking lung syndrome）.

A stratified block randomized, single-blind, parallel controlled and multi-center clinical study was conducted. A total of 240 children hospitalized in 10 pediatric centers from October 2022 to June 2024 were randomly divided into control group and experimental group. The control group received the basic treatment, and the experimental group received Xiaoer Dingchuan Granules on the basis of the control group. The medical record observation table was recorded, and the total effective rate, clinical cure time, curative effect of TCM syndromes, curative effect of main symptoms and signs, wheezing score, adverse reactions and wheezing recurrence after discharge were observed and compared between the two groups after the trial.

A total of 240 children were included（120 cases in the experimental group and 120 cases in the control group）. After treatment, the total effective rate, clinical healing time and TCM syndrome efficacy of the experimental group were better than those of the control group, and the total effective rate and TCM syndrome efficacy of the experimental group were higher than those of the control group, with statistical significance（P < 0.05）. The effective rate and onset time of main symptoms and signs in the experimental group were better than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant（P < 0.05）, especially in the symptom of wheezing and phlegm in the throat. After treatment, the wheezing score of the experimental group was lower than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant（P < 0.05）. There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the groups（P > 0.05）. The number of recurrent wheezing after discharge in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group, with statistical significance（P < 0.01）.

The application of Xiaoer Dingchuan Granules in the treatment of children with respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia（phlegm-heat blocking lung syndrome）has a good clinical effect, and has a significant effect in improving the symptoms of wheezing and phlegm in the throat, shortening the acute period and reducing the wheezing recurrence, with high clinical application safety. It is worthy of clinical promotion.

To investigate the intervention effect and mechanism of Jiawei Wendan Decoction（加味温胆汤）on insulin resistance（IR）in obesity type 2 diabetes mellitus（T2DM）rats based on PI3K/AKT-GLUT4 signaling pathway.

Using high-fat feeding induced spontaneous diabetic obese rats（Zucker diabetic fatty, ZDF）, 5 SPF-grade 5 weeks old lean control（fa/+）males were the blank controls, and 10 ZDF（fa/fa）male rats were randomly divided into model control group and Jiawei Wendan Decoction group. The concentration of Jiawei Wendan Decoction was 9.04 g/（kg·d）, while the blank control group and the model control group were given the same volume ultrapure water daily by gavage for 6 weeks. Body weights, food intakes and the levels of fasting blood glucose（FBG）were measured regularly every week, and oral glucose tolerance test（OGTT）was performed at the end of the experiment. The mRNA and protein expression levels of insulin receptor-β（INSR-β）, phosphoinositol 3-kinase（PI3K）, protein kinase B（AKT）, phosphorylated-protein kinase B（p-AKT）and glucose transporter 4（GLUT4）were detected in skeletal muscle tissue by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR experiment（RT-qPCR）and Western blotting experiment（WB）.

Compared with those of the blank control group, the rats of the model control group showed a significant increase in body weight in the early stage, and showed a significant decrease in body weight during the hyperglycemia stage. However, the food intake and FBG increased significantly, and the glucose tolerance decreased significantly. Compared with the model control group, the Jiawei Wendan Decoction group was able to significantly control weekly weight gain and food intake, significantly reducedthe FBG levels, and significantly increased the glucose tolerance. Compared with those in the blank control group, the mRNA and protein expression levels of INSR（β）, PI3K-p85, AKT, p-AKT and GLUT4 were significantly reduced in the model control group. Compared with those in the model control group, the mRNA and protein expression levels of INSR（β）, PI3K-p85, AKT, p-AKT and GLUT4 were significantly increased in the Jiawei Wendan Decoction group.

Jiawei Wendan Decoction can effectively reduce the blood glucose and improve the glucose tolerance. The mechanism may be related to the regulation of IR by the PI3K/AKT-GLUT4 pathway.

High quality images of Chinese herbal medicine can effectively ensure the performance of relevant intelligent algorithms. Designing a quality assessment method of Juhua（Chrysanthemi Flos）image to intelligently screen the images that meet the requirements of application scenarios can provide high practical value.

This research focused on Juhua（Chrysanthemi Flos）. Firstly, it constructed a distorted Juhua（Chrysanthemi Flos）image dataset. And then, it proposed a quality assessment method of Juhua（Chrysanthemi Flos）image based on the deep color feature fusion. In this method, the original Juhua（Chrysanthemi Flos）image was converted from the RGB color space to the HSV color space and Lab color space. The image features of the S color channel, L color channel and b color channel were extracted separately, and the extracted image features were preprocessed. After that, both the preprocessed image features and the original Juhua（Chrysanthemi Flos）image were used as the inputs to a two-stream network to form the fused feature that described the quality of the Juhua（Chrysanthemi Flos）image.

The experimental results demonstrated the rationality of the constructed Juhua（Chrysanthemi Flos）dataset, and the proposed method performed excellently on the distorted Juhua（Chrysanthemi Flos）image dataset, with SROCC and PLCC values reaching above 0.90, and the evaluation results of Juhua（Chrysanthemi Flos）images were highly consistent with the real results.

The method can accurately measures the angular deviation and incomplete distortion of Juhua（Chrysanthemi Flos）in the images, meeting the requirements for intelligent screening of Juhua（Chrysanthemi Flos）images.

4-coumarate CoA ligase（4CL）is a key enzyme in the phenylpropane pathway controlling the biosynthesis of lignan, lignin and other compounds closely related to Niubang（Arctium lappa）microscopic characterization of stone cell development and Niubang（Arctium lappa）glycoside accumulation, the aim of this study was to identify the 4CL genes in Niubang（Arctium lappa）and explore the biological functions of Niubang（Arctium lappa）4CL enzyme gene family＇s biological functions.

In this study, it cloned and sequenced 8 predicted 4CL gene coding sequences（CDS）in the burdock genome, performed bioinformatics analysis on the obtained sequences and performed prokaryotic expression of Al4CL3.

The eight members of Niubang（Arctium lappa）4CL gene family were identified and cloned with 100% consistency with the predicted sequences, except for Al4CL5（96%）and Al4CL8, which had five variant sites. Al4CL3, Al4CL5 and Al4CL8 proteins had two transmembrane helical structures; subcellular localization in the cytoplasm, plasma membrane, chloroplast and endoplasmic reticulum and gene structure. There were some differences in the gene structure, unevenly distributed on chromosomes 1, 2, 3, 9, 10 and 14, and there was a 4CL amino acid conserved domain in the amino acid sequence. There were multiple cis-acting elements in the promoter region of the Al4CL gene, which was induced by multiple hormones or stresses. The phylogenetic analysis showed that Al4CL was divided into three subfamilies, and the covariance analysis showed that there was a closer relationship between members of the Al4CL family of genes and the prickly bracteate thistle. There was a closer relationship between members of the Al4CL gene family and the prickly bracteate thistle. Recombinant plasmid pET-28a-chAl4CL3 was constructed, successfully induced the expression of chAl4CL3 protein and purified.

The excavation and characterization of burdock 4CL gene family provides a certain theoretical basis for the biosynthesis of Niubang（Arctium lappa）and its quality improvement, and provides a reference for the in-depth study of Al4CL and its biological functions.

To investigate the protective mechanism of Sanqi（Panax notoginseng）saponins on gastric mucosa in mice with gastric precancerous lesions combined with myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Eighty-five C57BL/6 mice were divided into 6 groups：blank control group（C group）, model group（M group）, high, medium and low dose groups of Sanqi（Panax notoginseng）saponins（SH, SM, SL groups）, and positive control group（R group）. Except for group C which had 10 animals without modeling, all the other groups had 15 animals in each. A mouse model of gastric precancerous lesions was established by chemical induction and fasting every other day for 310 days. On the 311th day, the model mice underwent the myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury surgery to establish a mouse model of gastric precancerous lesions combined with myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. SH, SM and SL groups were given Sanqi（Panax notoginseng）saponins with the dose of 300, 150, 75 mg/kg, respectively. R group was given rapamycin（1.5 mg/kg）, and C and M groups were given the equal amounts of distilled water. During the modeling of gastric precancerous lesions, the drug was given once a day by intragastric administration. After the completion of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury modeling, the drug was continued to administer once a day for 1 week. HE and AB-PAS staining were used to observe the pathological changes of gastric mucosa. TTC staining was used to observe the heart infarction area and weigh it, and Western blot was used to analyze the expressions of autophagy related proteins.

Histopathological analysis showed that the intrinsic layer of the gastric tissue of mice in group M was arranged in a loose manner, the cell atrophy cavity and trace inflammatory infiltration were evident, the local nucleus necrosis was ablated, the amount of purplish red particles in the epithelial cells was significantly reduced, and there was obvious cell shedding, while the gastric histopathology of mice in SH and R groups was significantly improved. The TTC staining and tissue weighing results showed that compared with the M group, the SH group, SM group, SL group and R group had significantly reduced heart infarction and ischemic area and weight（P < 0.001）. The Western blot results showed that compared with those of the M group, the expressions of LC3 Ⅱ/LC3 Ⅰ, Beclin-1 and ATG5 proteins in the gastric tissues of SH group, SM group and R group mice were up-regulated（P < 0.05 or P < 0.01）, while the expressions of p62, AKT, p-AKT, mTOR and p-mTOR proteins were down-regulated（P < 0.05 or P < 0.01）.

Sanqi（Panax notoginseng）saponins can prevent precancerous lesions and alleviate myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and activating autophagy.

To explore the pathogenesis of anxiety and depression-anxiety（hereinafter referred to as “comorbidity”）in the rat model and the regulatory effects of Jiawei Wendan Decoction（加味温胆汤）based on the changes in the diversity and composition of the gut microbiota.

Fifty-six SPF male SD rats（180～200 g）were randomly divided into the normal control group, model groups（anxiety model group and comorbidity model group）, traditional Chinese medicine（TCM）groups（anxiety TCM group and comorbidity TCM group）, and Western medicine groups（anxiety Western medicine group and comorbidity Western medicine group）. The anxiety and comorbidity models were established using predator exposure stress and chronic restraint stress, respectively. The normal control group and model groups were given the normal saline gavage, while the TCM groups were given Jiawei Wendan Decoction（12 g/kg）by gavage. The anxiety Western medicine group and comorbidity Western medicine group were given paroxetine and probiotics（1.8 mg/kg）by gavage, respectively. After 35 days, the behavioral testing and sampling were conducted. The diversity and compositional changes of the gut microbiota in each group were analyzed using high-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing.

The behavioral data showed that in the anxiety model group, the number of horizontal movements, vertical movements and total distance was significantly decreased compared to those in the normal control group（P < 0.05）. Jiawei Wendan Decoction improved the number of vertical and horizontal movements（P < 0.05）but had no significant effect on total distance. The anti-anxiety drug paroxetine improved the number of vertical movements but showed no significant effects on other parameters（P < 0.05）. In the comorbid model group, the number of horizontal movements, vertical movements and total distance were significantly increased compared to those in the normal control group（P < 0.05）. Jiawei Wendan Decoction significantly affected the total distance（P < 0.05）, and probiotics improved the number of vertical movements and total distance（P < 0.05）but had no significant effect on horizontal movements. Compared to the normal control group, the anxiety model group showed a decrease in ACE, Chao1, PD_whole_tree and Shannon indices, whereas the comorbid model group showed slight increases in these indices. The relative abundances of Firmicutes and Allobaculum were higher in the TCM group for anxiety. Moreover, the relative content of Lactobacillus intestinalis in the samples showed an increasing trend compared with the anxiety model group, and the reduction of Lactobacillus johnsonii was improved. Compared with the comorbidity model group, the proportions of Allobaculum, Lactobacillus, Lactobacillaceae and Lactobacillales were particularly significant in the comorbidity TCM group. Additionally, the relative abundance of the Lactobacillus johnsonii population increased substantially, and this enhancement was superior to that in the comorbidity western medicine group and the model group.

Jiawei Wendan Decoction showed advantages in regulating the intestinal microbiota of anxiety and comorbidity model rats. It not only improved the diversity and structure of intestinal microbiota, but also increased the contents of probiotics, enhanced the expressions of genes related to environmental information processing, and effectively regulated the microbial communities related to aging and neurodegenerative diseases, demonstrating the potential therapeutic advantages.

To investigate the effect of Linggui Zhugan Decoction（苓桂术甘汤）on lipid metabolism in mice with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease（NAFLD）, and to provide a new target and data support for clinical treatment of NAFLD.

C57BL/6J mice were used as the blank control group. ApoE^-/- mice were divided into model group, Linggui Zhugan Decoction low, middle and high dose groups and simvastatin group. The blood lipid levels of mice were detected by automatic biochemical analyzer. Hematoxylin-eosin（HE）staining and oil red O staining were used to determine the degree of liver steatosis in NAFLD mice. RT-qPCR was used to detect the mRNA expressions of PI3K, AKT, FASN, SREBP1 and ATGL. The protein expressions of PI3K, AKT, p-AKT, FASN, SREBP1 and ATGL were detected by Western Blot.

After treatment with Linggui Zhugan Decoction, the serum levels of total cholesterol（TC）, triglyceride（TG）and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol（LDL-C）were down-regulated（P < 0.05）. The expressions of fatty acid synthesis related genes and proteins FASN and SREBP1 were decreased（P < 0.05）, and the expressions of TG breakdown related genes and proteins ATGL were increased（P < 0.05）. The protein expressions of PI3K and p-AKT were significantly increased（P < 0.05）.

Linggui Zhugan Decoction may inhibit the occurrence and development of NAFLD by promoting the decomposition of hepatic triglyceride and inhibiting fatty acid synthesis through PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.