To analyze the incidence and epidemiological characteristics of congenital heart disease (CHD) in perinatal infants in Xinjiang from January 2016 to December 2022.

A retrospective analysis was conducted on the data of perinatal infants diagnosed with congenital heart disease from various birth defect monitoring hospitals between 2016 and 2022.

A total of 591 849 perinatal infants were monitored in Xinjiang, among which 3 531 cases of congenital heart disease were identified, resulting in an overall incidence rate of 59.66 per 100 000. There were statistically significant differences in annual incidence rates (χ²=754.466, P < 0.001), showing a general upward trend (χ²_trend =592.218, P < 0.001). The most common types of congenital heart disease were atrial septal defect (43.72 per 100 000), patent ductus arteriosus (25.53 per 100 000), ventricular septal defect (8.69 per 100 000), atrioventricular septal defect (3.25 per 100 000), and tetralogy of Fallot (0.79 per 100 000). The survival rate of perinatal infants with congenital heart disease showed an upward trend (χ²_trend =11.239, P=0.001).

The overall incidence of congenital heart disease in perinatal infants in Xinjiang is on the rise. It is recommended to further strengthen tertiary prevention measures to reduce the risk of congenital heart disease and improve the prognosis of surviving infants.

To investigate the association between sedentary duration, physical activity, and male sperm quality.

Based on 1 578 semen samples from the Sichuan Human Sperm Bank, a linear regression model and restricted cubic spline analysis were employed to examine the linear and nonlinear associations of daily sedentary duration, weekly physical activity volume, and physical activity level with conventional semen parameters and sperm kinetic parameters.

Daily sedentary duration and weekly physical activity volume showed significant nonlinear associations with forward motility, immotility, and total motility (P <0.05). Additionally, weekly physical activity volume was significantly nonlinearly associated with average curvilinear velocity, average path velocity, average straight-line velocity, and average flagellar beat frequency (P < 0.05). Compared to the low activity group, the moderate and high activity groups had significant improvements in forward motility [% Change (95%CI): 4.302 (1.691-6.979), 2.816(0.227-5.472)], total motility [% Change (95%CI): 3.624 (1.227-6.079), 2.567 (0.179-5.012)], average curvilinear velocity [%Change (95%CI): 6.600 (3.021-10.304), 3.958 (0.446-7.594)], average path velocity [% Change (95%CI): 6.529 (2.987-10.193),4.012 (0.532-7.613)], and average straight-line velocity [% Change (95%CI): 5.992 (2.049-10.087), 4.221 (0.319-8.274)], with the moderate activity group showing more pronounced improvements.

Both insufficient and excessive daily sedentary duration are risk factors for male sperm quality, with insufficient sedentary duration potentially posing greater harm. Maintaining regular and moderate physical activity is beneficial for improving sperm quality.

To comprehend the correlation between handgrip strength and blood pressure as well as vital capacity among pupils in Shiyan City, and furnish a scientific basis for pupils to prevent heart and lung diseases.

In November 2023, a cluster random sampling method was used to measure the height, weight, handgrip strength, blood pressure, vital capacity and other indicators of 1 263 primary school students aged 6-12 years in Shiyan City, Hubei Province. Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between handgrip strength and blood pressure and vital capacity. Quantile regression model was used to analyze the correlation degree of handgrip strength with blood pressure and vital capacity at different quantiles.

A total of 1 263 students aged 6-12 years old were investigated in Shiyan city, including 658 boys and 605 girls. The systolic blood pressure(Z=-3.280), vital capacity(Z=-7.015)and handgrip strength(Z=-5.675)of boys were higher than those of girls (all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in diastolic blood pressure between boys and girls (P>0.05). There were significant differences in systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, vital capacity and handgrip strength between pupils of different ages and places of residence (all P<0.05). Spearman correlation analysis showed that handgrip strength was positively correlated with systolic blood pressure (r=0.390), diastolic blood pressure (r=0.271) and vital capacity (r=0.636) (all P<0.01). Quantile regression analysis showed that systolic blood pressure increased with the increase of handgrip strength, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The regression coefficient of handgrip strength was the lowest at the 95th percentile of diastolic blood pressure (β=0.222, 95% CI: -0.139-0.583). Except for the 95th percentile, the regression coefficient of handgrip strength and diastolic blood pressure was statistically significant at the other percentiles (P<0.05). The regression coefficient of handgrip strength was the highest at the 50th quantile of vital capacity (β =59.881, 95% CI: 51.456-68.306), and the correlation between handgrip strength and vital capacity at each quantile was statistically significant (P<0.05).

Handgrip strength is positively correlated with blood pressure and vital capacity. Different levels of handgrip strength have different effects on blood pressure and vital capacity in primary school students. Handgrip strength can be used as an index to reflect blood pressure and vital capacity.

To analyze the relationship between social support networks and the sense of gain among elderly individuals in the community and further explore the mediating role of psychological resilience in this process.

Using cluster random sampling, elderly individuals aged 65 and above from three towns (districts) in Dongguan City, Guangdong Province—Tangxia, Songshan Lake, and Liaobu—were selected as the study population from May to July 2023. A total of 1 245 valid responses were included in the analysis. Stepwise linear regression and mediation effect models were used to investigate the relationships between social support networks, sense of gain, and psychological resilience.

A positive correlation was found between the sense of gain and psychological resilience (r=0.516, P<0.01), as well as between the sense of gain and social support networks (r=0.383, P<0.01). Additionally, a positive correlation was observed between psychological resilience and social support networks (r=0.321, P<0.01). Psychological resilience partially mediated the effect of social support networks on the sense of gain, with a mediation effect value of 1.113, accounting for 34% of the total effect.

There is a significant association between social support networks, psychological resilience, and the sense of gain among elderly individuals in the community. Social support networks enhance the sense of gain by improving psychological resilience.

To explore the time-varying association between adverse childhood experiences and social isolation in middle-aged and older adults and provide a scientific evidence for the early identification of people at risk of social isolation and the development of appropriate interventions.

Data were used from respondents who participated in the life history survey of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) and at least one of the surveysconducted between 2011 and 2020. Adverse childhood experienceswere collected through self-reporting and divided into four groups based on the number of adverse childhood experiences, which were categorized into the group that had not experienced adverse childhood experiences, the group that had experienced one type of adverse childhood experience, the group that had experienced two types of adverse childhood experiences, and the group that had experienced three or more types of adverse childhood experiences. A time-varying effect model was used to explore the age-varying association between adverse childhood experiences and social isolation among middle-aged and older adults, using age as the time variable.

A total of 14 397 middle-aged and older adults were included in the study. Compared with those who had not experienced adverse childhood experiences, those who had experienced one adverse childhood experience had a higher risk of social isolation between the ages of 61 and 70(OR=1.22, 95% CI:1.06-1.41); those who had experienced two adverse childhood experiences had a higher risk of social isolation between the ages of 50 and 65(OR=1.33, 95% CI: 1.13-1.57); and those who had experienced three or more adverse childhood experiences had a higher risk of social isolation between the ages of 45 and 58(OR=1.86, 95% CI:1.16-2.99).

There is aage-varyingassociation between adverse childhood experiences and social isolation among middle-aged and elderly people, with the more childhood adversities experienced, the younger the age at which social isolation occurs.

To investigate the moderating role of physical activity (PA) in the association between leisure-time sedentary behavior (LT-SB) and non-suicidal self-injurious behaviors (NSSI) among secondary vocational students in Guizhou Province, and to determine its significant value for providing a scientific basis for the prevention and intervention of NSSI among this group.

Students from a total of nine secondary schools in Guizhou Province were selected for a self-administered questionnaire survey through a multi-stage stratified whole cluster random sampling method from October to December 2023, and multiple linear regression was used to analyse the moderating effect of different types of PA on the association between LT-SB and NSSI among secondary students and to determine the critical value of the moderating effect by using Johnson-Neumann techniques (J-N techniques).

The detection rate of NSSI among secondary vocational students in Guizhou Province was 27.5%, with male and female students' rates at 14.2% and 13.3%, respectively. Multiple linear regression showed that the interaction term coefficients of total PA, light physical activity (LPA), moderate physical activity (MPA), and vigorous physical activity (VPA) with LT-SB were -0.255, -0.220, -0.472, and -0.424 (P < 0.001), respectively, with MPA having the largest moderating effect. The J-N technique indicated that the association between LT-SB and NSSI weakened as the duration of PA increased, with critical values of 2.39 hours for total PA, 1.63 hours for LPA, 0.99 hours for MPA, and 1.11 hours for VPA.

When developing an exercise intervention to prevent NSSI behavior in secondary vocational students, approximately 1 hour of MPA per day may be the most appropriate and efficient option.

To examine the association between physical activity and its different domains with sleep quality among rural older adults in Chengdu, and to further investigate whether this relationship differs between different age groups.

Using data from a cluster randomized controlled trial conducted from May 2021 to May 2023 in rural areas of Chengdu, the study included 511 older adults aged 60 years and above from eight villages. A questionnaire survey was conducted using the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and other instruments. Linear mixed models were used to analyze the relationship between physical activity andits three domains (leisure time physical activity, work-related physical activity, and household physical activity) and sleep quality.

There was a statistically significant association between leisure time physical activity and sleep quality (P< 0.05), and there was no statistically significant association of total physical activity, work-related physical activity, household physical activity with sleep quality (P > 0.05). The association between leisure time physical activity and sleep quality was more pronounced among those aged ≥ 70 years (β=-0.009, P=0.049).

Rural older adults with higher leisure time physical activity level have better sleep quality. There is a need to carry out intervention programs to increase leisure time physical activity level among rural older adults to improve their sleep quality.

To analyze the correlation between health literacy and health-related quality of life among the elderly in China.

A multi-stage random sampling method was used to measure the health literacy and health-related quality of life of the participants using short-form health literacy survey questionnaire (HLS-SF12) and the European five-dimensional five-level health scale (EQ-5D-5L), respectively. Health-related quality of life was evaluated by using the health utility value. Spearman’s correlation analysis, tobit regression analysis, and restricted cubic spline were used to analyze the correlation between health literacy and HRQoL in elder adults, and sensitivity analyses were performed by excluding participants with hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, and overweight and obesity.

A total of 1 147 cases of older adults aged ≥60 years were included, with 581 male cases (50.65%) and the age range of 71-75 years was the most prevalent, with 361 cases (31.47%). The mean level of health literacy was 34 (30, 36) points, and the mean level of health utility value was 0.94 (0.83, 1.00). Spearman correlation analysis found a positive correlation between health literacy and health utility value (r_s=0.370, P<0.001). Tobit regression analysis found a positive correlation between health literacy and health utility value (β=0.007, 95% CI: 0.005-0.008, P<0.001). Restricted cubic spline showed an irregular “right skewed” distribution between health literacy and health utility value after adjusting for confounding factors; The relationship between health literacy and health utility value still existed in the sensitivity analyses of elder adults who excluded participants with hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and overweight and obesity.

The health literacy level is an influential factor in the health-related quality of life of the elderly, and improving the health literacy of the elderly is conducive to the patients’ beneficial behaviors such as disease prevention and control, health care, and health promotion.

To examine the impact of drinking water arsenic exposure on the development of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and to investigate specific changes in plasma exosomal miRNAs.

Sixteen male SPF-grade Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups: control and arsenic. Each group consisted of 8 rats. The arsenic group was exposed to 0.10 mg/L. All groups had unrestricted access to drinking water. The rats were exposed to arsenic for a duration of 21 days. Behavioral assessments using the open field and elevated plus maze tests were conducted on days 0, 7, 14, and 21 to evaluate GAD-like behavior. At the end of the experiment, plasma exosomal miRNAs were extracted from both groups of rats. Sequencing was performed, and the expression levels of differentially expressed miRNAs were validated using real-time quantitative PCR.

On the 21st day after arsenic exposure, the arsenic group exhibited lower body weight compared to the control group (t=7.950, P<0.001). In the open field test, the arsenic group showed a decrease in total distance traveled (t=2.213, P=0.044), an increase in rearing frequency (t=-4.704, P<0.001), an increase in grid crossings (t=4.340, P=0.001), and a decrease in standing frequency (t=4.496, P=0.001) compared to the control group. In the elevated plus maze test, the arsenic group exhibited a decrease in the number of entries into the open arms (t=3.614, P=0.003) and a decrease in time spent in the open arms (t=4.775, P<0.001), while showing an increase in the number of entries into the closed arms (t=-2.486, P=0.026) and an increase in time spent in the closed arms (t=-6.862, P<0.001) compared to the control group. These results indicate GAD-like behavior in the rats exposed to arsenic. Real-time quantitative PCR revealed that the expression levels of miR-99b-3p, miR-9a-5p, and miR-218a-5p were upregulated, while the expression levels of miR-425a-3p, miR-378a-3p, and miR-155-5p were downregulated in the arsenic group compared to the control group (P<0.05). Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis of the differentially expressed plasma exosomal miRNAs indicated their potential involvement in GAD development through processes such as endocytosis, MAPK pathway, Ras signaling pathway, cAMP signaling pathway, mTOR signaling pathway, and apoptosis.

Drinking water arsenic exposure can induce GAD-like behavior in rats. Plasma exosomal miRNAs, including miR-99b-3p, miR-9a-5p, miR-218a-5p, miR-425a-3p, miR-378a-3p, and miR-155-5p, may be involved in the regulation of GAD development induced by drinking water arsenic exposure.

To study the vulnerability and influencing factors of health poverty among depressed people in rural Ningxia and to provide a theoretical basis for promoting the governance and implementation of health poverty prevention.

Based on the 2022 health data survey of depressed people in rural Ningxia, 13 evaluation indicators related to the depressed population were selected from the four dimensions of personal characteristics, health level, health services and living environment of depressed populations, and the main influencing factors were identified through binary logit regression analysis, and the results were quantitatively estimated by Shapley decomposition method.

8.49% of the depressed population was at risk of health poverty vulnerability, and age, number of permanent family residents, and per capita housing area were the main influencing factors of health poverty vulnerability. The results of Shapley's decomposition showed that age (28.63%) contributed the most to it.

The influencing factors of health poverty vulnerability of depressed people in rural Ningxia are multidimensional and complex.In order to prevent more depressed people from falling into health poverty, the local government should improve the living environment of depressed people, pay attention to the health status of the elderly and those with large families, and improve their medical and health services and medical security system, so as to reduce the health poverty vulnerability of depressed people in Ningxia.