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To explore the mediating effect of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) on the association between body mass index (BMI) and thyroid nodules, and analyze the mechanisms of how an increase in BMI contributes to the development of thyroid nodules.
We selected 1 627 individuals who underwent health examinations at a hospital in Shenzhen from December 2020 to October 2023. Demographic data, physical examination, and biochemical test information were collected. Logistic regression was used to analyze the association between BMI, HbA1c, and thyroid nodules. The bootstrap method was used to assess the mediating effect of HbA1c on the relationship between BMI and thyroid nodules.
Among the 1 627 participants, there were 520 males and 1 107 females, with males and females accounting for 32.0% and 68.0% of the sample, respectively. The detection rate of thyroid nodules was 40.9% (666/1 627). Significant differences (P<0.05) were observed between the nodule group and the non-nodule group in terms of age, BMI, occupation, education level, salt intake, HbA1c, and alkaline phosphatase levels. Multivariate analysis indicated that elevated BMI and HbA1c levels were risk factors for thyroid nodules, with OR(95% CI) of 1.038 (1.002-1.075) and 1.297(1.060-1.587), respectively. Mediation analysis showed that HbA1c partially mediated the effect of BMI on the prevalence of thyroid nodules (β=0.018, 95% CI [0.007 - 0.035]), with the mediating effect of HbA1c accounting for 31.58% of the total effect.
BMI and HbA1c are influencing factors of the risk of thyroid nodules, with HbA1c partially mediating the impact of BMI on the incidence of thyroid nodules.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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