To investigate the relationship between the weight-adjusted waist index (WWI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) among the middle-aged and elderly population in China.

This study included 5 630 individuals aged 45 and older who participated in the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey (CHARLS) in 2011 and 2015. The Cox proportional hazards regression model was employed to analyze the association between WWI, treated as a continuous variable and categorized into quartiles, and the risk of CKD. Additionally, a restricted cubic spline (RCS) model was used to explore the dose-response relationship between WWI and CKD.

During the four-year follow-up, 187 participants developed CKD,resulting in an incidence rate of 3.32%. After adjusting for all covariates, each unit increase in WWI was associated with a 33%increase in the risk of CKD (HR: 1.33, 95%CI: 1.10-1.62). In the highest quartile of WWI, the risk of CKD was 2.30 times greater compared to the lowest quartile (HR=2.30, 95%CI: 1.37-3.86). The RCS curve indicated a nonlinear dose-response relationship between WWI and CKD (P_{fornon-linear} < 0.05).

There is a positive correlation between WWI and the risk of CKD among the middle-aged and elderly population in China, exhibiting a significant nonlinear dose-response relationship.

To provide a scientific basis for the formulation of effective prevention and control strategies by assessing the risk of dengue fever importation and local transmission in Guangxi from ASEAN countries by 2025.

Relevant information was collected and organized. The risk of dengue case importation from ASEAN countries was calculated using the Poisson distribution. Based on previous studies on local transmission risk assessment indicators for dengue fever, various factors influencing local transmission were assigned values. The local transmission risk was analyzed and evaluated through quantitative indicators, and the severity of local transmission consequences was qualitatively assessed using an expert consultation method.

There were significant regional differences in the risk of dengue cases being imported from ASEAN countries across the 14 prefecture-level cities in Guangxi from January to December. Nanning and Guilin had a year-round risk of “high” or “very high” for external importation;five cities, including Qinzhou, had “medium” or “high” risk; five cities, including Liuzhou, had “low” or “medium” risk; and Hezhou and Laibin had “very low” or “low” risk. If cases were imported, the risk of local transmission in the 14 prefecture-level cities in Guangxi was assessed as “low” for January to March and December; in April, all cities except Baise were “low”, while others were“medium”; from May to October, the risk was “medium”; in November, four cities including Liuzhou were “low”, while the others were “medium”. Based on comprehensive expert consultations, the risk of dengue importation and local transmission in Guangxi’s 14 prefecture-level cities was assessed as “medium” for 2025.

Due to its geographical location and close exchanges with ASEAN countries, Guangxi faces a higher risk of dengue fever importation and local transmission. The 14 prefecture-level cities should develop dengue prevention and control measures based on the characteristics of dengue importation and the dynamic changes in monitoring indicators, tailored to local conditions and timing, to effectively manage dengue outbreaks.

To understand the disconnection between knowledge and action regarding HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (Pr EP) among university students with multiple sexual partners in Nanning, Guangxi, and analyze its influencing factors.

A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Nanning from November 19 to December 4, 2023, recruiting young university students who had at least one sexual partner in the past six months to investigate their knowledge and usage behaviors related to Pr EP. Students with only one sexual partner were used as a control group. Multivariate logistic regression models were employed to analyze the influencing factors of the knowledge-action disconnection.

A total of 5 630 university students with at least one sexual partner were surveyed, among which 4 494 (79.8%) had one partner, 572 (10.2%) had 2-3 partners, and 564 (10.0%) had four or more partners. The occurrence of knowledge-action disconnection among students with one sexual partner was 1 558 (34.7%), among those with 2-3 partners was 201 (35.1%), and among those with four or more partners was 144 (25.5%). The multivariate logistic regression results indicated that sexual orientation (gay or bisexual) (OR=1.436, 95%CI: 1.150-1.793), testing frequency of less than six months (OR=1.423, 95%CI: 1.198-1.691), and testing frequency of more than six months (OR=1.386, 95%CI: 1.113-1.725) were factors influencing the knowledge-action disconnection regarding PrEP.

There is a significant disconnection between knowledge and action regarding PrEP among university students in Nanning with multiple sexual partners. PrEP education should focus on gay individuals and HIV testing behaviors to enhance the willingness to use PrEP and promote its actual implementation, thereby reducing the occurrence of knowledge-action disconnection.

To clarify the causal relationship between body image comparison on social media and perinatal depression in pregnant women.

A convenience sampling method was employed to select pregnant women attending prenatal check-ups at a tertiary hospital in Hefei, Anhui Province, from September 2023 to April 2024. A longitudinal survey was conducted during late pregnancy (T1) and six weeks postpartum (T2) using a general information questionnaire, the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), and a body image comparison scale for social media. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 23.0 and Mplus 8.3 statistical software. Pearson correlation analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between body image comparison on social media and depression scores at T1 and T2, while a cross-lagged model was constructed using Mplus 8.3 to explore the causal relationship between body image comparison and perinatal depression.

A total of 277 pregnant women were included in the study, with depression rates of 34.30% and 21.66% at T1 and T2, respectively. A positive correlation was found between body image comparison on social media and depression scores at both T1 and T2 (P < 0.010). Body image comparison at T1 positively predicted depression at T2 (β=0.237, P=0.001).

Pre-pregnancy body image comparison on social media can predict postpartum depression.

To investigate the relationship between different obesity statuses in patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and the incidence of all-cause dementia and its subtypes.

Based on data from the UK Biobank, study subjects were categorized into five obesity states—underweight, normal weight, simple central or simple generalized obesity, combined overweight, and combined obesity—according to BMI and waist circumference. The Cox proportional hazards regression model was employed to analyze the hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for dementia incidence among patients with cardiovascular metabolic diseases across different obesity statuses.

A total of 63 066 CVD patients and 33 872 T2DM patients were included in the study. Compared to normal weight CVD patients, underweight individuals exhibited a 135% increased risk of vascular dementia (VD) (HR=2.35, 95%CI: 1.09-5.09). The risk of all-cause dementia and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in patients with simple central or simple generalized obesity decreased by 26% (0.74, 0.61-0.90) and 30% (0.70, 0.51-0.95),respectively. For combined overweight patients, the risk of all-cause dementia and AD decreased by 28% (0.72, 0.64-0.82) and 29%(0.71, 0.58-0.87), respectively. In combined obesity patients, the risk of all-cause dementia, AD, and VD decreased by 35% (0.65,0.58-0.74), 40% (0.60, 0.49-0.74), and 27% (0.73, 0.57-0.93), respectively. Compared to normal weight T2DM patients, combined overweight patients showed a 39% (0.61, 0.46-0.81) and 46% (0.54, 0.36-0.81) reduction in the risk of all-cause dementia and AD,respectively. The risk of all-cause dementia, AD, and VD in combined obesity patients decreased by 35% (0.53, 0.41-0.69), 40%(0.45, 0.31-0.66), and 27% (0.53, 0.32-0.87), respectively.

There is an “obesity paradox” in dementia risk among patients with cardiovascular metabolic diseases, with a significant reduction in the incidence of dementia among patients with simple central or simple generalized obesity, combined overweight, and combined obesity.

To investigate the current status of sports equipment disinfection in kindergartens in the urban area of Yinchuan, as well as the awareness and regulations regarding disinfection, providing reference for improving hygiene and epidemic prevention in kindergartens.

Samples were collected from the surfaces of sports equipment, indoor air in sports equipment rooms, and the hands of sports staff, following the “Disinfection and Sanitation Standards for Nurseries and Kindergartens” (DB12/T447-2011) from Tianjin. A self-developed questionnaire was used to survey the usage of disinfectants, the awareness of disinfection practices among management personnel and sports staff, and the disinfection regulations in kindergartens. Statistical analysis of the testing and survey results was conducted using SPSS 18.0.

The average compliance rates for disinfection of sports equipment surfaces, indoor air in sports equipment rooms, and the hands of staff in kindergartens were 63.76%, 62.63%, and 55.29%,respectively, with no statistically significant differences across different types (public, inclusive) and scales (≥300 students large-scale, <300 students small-scale) of kindergartens (P values > 0.05). The average usage rates of disinfectants such as ultraviolet lamps, air disinfectants, hand sanitizers, disinfectant solutions, disinfectant spray bottles, and disinfectant cloths were 26.55%,15.66%, 54.88%, 52.17%, 56.06%, and 51.39%, respectively, with no statistically significant differences across different types and scales of kindergartens (P > 0.05). The average rates of good awareness regarding sports equipment disinfection among management personnel and sports staff were 57.18% and 50.91%, respectively, with statistically significant differences observed across different types of kindergartens (χ² values of 8.74 and 7.97, P < 0.05). The average rates of a well-established disinfection system for sports equipment were 42.58%, 43.57%, and 42.02%, with statistically significant differences noted among different types of kindergartens (χ² values of 7.95, 8.32, and 8.48, P < 0.05).

The compliance rates for sports equipment disinfection, the usage rates of disinfectants, and the rates of good awareness among management personnel and sports staff in kindergartens in Yinchuan are relatively low, and the disinfection system for sports equipment is inadequate, which impacts the hygiene and safety of sports equipment. Enhanced supervision, monitoring, and technical guidance are necessary.

To evaluate the balance of bed allocation in hospital rehabilitation departments across different regions of China, providing policy recommendations for establishing a rehabilitation health service system that aligns with socioeconomic development and public health needs.

The number of rehabilitation department beds in hospitals across 31 provinces from 2012 to 2021 was selected. The Dagum Gini coefficient, concentration degree, and kernel density estimation methods were employed to measure the balance of bed allocation and analyze its temporal and spatial evolution characteristics.

From 2012 to 2021, the total number of rehabilitation department beds in Chinese hospitals increased by 196 120, with a growth rate of 270%. The concentration matching levels among provinces gradually narrowed, although there remained significant interprovincial allocation disparities within regions. The density estimation curve indicated a polarization phenomenon in the central region. The Dagum Gini coefficient results revealed that the differences in balance primarily stemmed from the contribution rates between regions, with the contribution rate within regions rising annually from 28.84% to 30.06% by 2021.

The balance of rehabilitation department bed resource allocation in Chinese hospitals improved from 2012 to 2021,with significant impacts from both interregional and intraregional allocation disparities on overall balance. Therefore, it is recommended to scientifically plan the number of rehabilitation department beds in hospitals across regions, enhance the regional bed coordination and sharing mechanism through information technology, and optimize resource allocation patterns.Additionally, further coordinated efforts should be made to promote balanced bed distribution through targeted assistance and optimizing total capacity, thereby better meeting the health service needs of the public.

To explore the relationship between the cumulative effect of overweight and obesity in children and the occurrence of elevated blood pressure, providing a basis for better prevention of hypertension in children.

Data were derived from the “Zigong School-Based Cardiovascular Metabolic Risk Cohort Study” conducted from 2012 to 2018. The survey included a questionnaire and physical examinations. The “overweight and obesity years” metric was calculated to assess the cumulative effect of overweight and obesity in children. Multivariable-adjusted linear regression and logistic regression models were employed to analyze the relationship between the cumulative effect of overweight and obesity, blood pressure levels and their changes, and the occurrence of elevated blood pressure.

The study included 1 637 children who were not hypertensive at baseline and had undergone at least four surveys, with an average age of 6.43 years, of which 50.00% were male. After an average follow-up of 4.57 years, 447 children developed elevated blood pressure, resulting in a cumulative incidence rate of 27.31%. During the follow-up, 381 children exhibited a cumulative effect of overweight and obesity (non-zero cumulative overweight and obesity years). The cumulative overweight and obesity years were positively correlated with endpoint systolic blood pressure, endpoint diastolic blood pressure, the difference between endpoint and baseline systolic blood pressure, and the difference between endpoint and baseline diastolic blood pressure (β₁=0.25, β₂=0.19, β₃=0.19, β₄=0.11, all P<0.05). Additionally, cumulative overweight and obesity years (OR=1.05, P<0.001),the degree of cumulative overweight and obesity (OR=1.04, P<0.001), and the duration of cumulative overweight and obesity (OR=1.14, P=0.014) were all positively correlated with the occurrence of elevated blood pressure in children.

The cumulative effect of overweight and obesity in children increases the risk of developing elevated blood pressure. Dynamic monitoring and timely intervention for overweight and obese children are crucial for preventing hypertension.

To explore the mortality trend and years of life lost due to bladder cancer among residents in Pudong New Area, Shanghai from 2002 to 2022.

The data were derived from the cause-of-death monitoring database of registered residents in Pudong New Area, and the demographic data were provided by the Public Security Bureau of Pudong New Area.The crude mortality rate (CMR), age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR), potential years of life lost (PYLL), potential years of life lost rate (PYLLR), average years of life lost (AYLL), standardized potential years of life lost (SPYLL), standardized potential years of life lost rate (SPYLLR) and probability of premature death were calculated. The Join point software was used to analyze the annual percent change (APC), and the differential analysis method was used to evaluate the influence of population age-structure factors on bladder cancer mortality.

From 2002 to 2022, there were 2 244 deaths from bladder cancer among residents in Pudong New Area, Shanghai. The average annual CMR was 3.81 per 100 000, showing an upward trend (APC=2.24%, Z=4.607, P < 0.001). The average annual Chinese-standardized mortality rate was 1.77 per 100 000, showing an overall downward trend (APC=-1.54%, Z=-3.236, P=0.002). The mortality rate of bladder cancer in men was higher than that in women (Z_CMR=24.370, P < 0.001; χ²=1 143.000, P < 0.001). The mortality rate increased with age (χ²=9 324.374, P < 0.001),and the mortality rates in the 60 to >70-year-old group (APC=-3.36%, Z=-3.263, P=0.002) and the 70 to >80-year-old group (APC=-1.99%, Z=-3.229, P=0.015) decreased significantly. The PYLL due to bladder cancer death among residents in Pudong New Area was 9 120 person-years, and the AYLL was 4.06 years per person. The PYLL and AYLL in men were higher than those in women. The population age-structure factor was a risk factor for promoting bladder cancer mortality.

The mortality rate of bladder cancer increases with age, and the death burden of bladder cancer in men is heavier than that in women. Men over 60 years old should be regarded as a high-risk group. The population age-structure factor is the main reason affecting the bladder cancer mortality rate, and active measures should be taken to cope with the impact of aging. The probability of premature death in women shows an upward trend, and the prevention and control of bladder cancer in women need to be strengthened.