To understand the burden of foodborne diseases caused by Vibrio parahaemolyticus in Liaoning Province and to clarify the risk associated with different types of food, thereby assisting in foodborne disease prevention efforts.

Using surveillance data of foodborne disease cases from 2014 to 2023 in Liaoning Province, the population level of foodborne diseases burden caused by Vibrio parahaemolyticus was estimated using the disease burden pyramid model. The main food types contributing to Vibrio parahaemolyticus infections were also classified by attributable risk.

Based on active surveillance data from sentinel hospitals, the multiple factor for Vibrio parahaemolyticus infections was found to be 86.50,indicating that for every reported case, approximately 87 cases occurred within the coverage area of the sentinel monitoring hospitals. Utilizing provincial case data, the multiple factor was 428.37 (95% CI: 424.05-432.62), suggesting that for each reported case, around 428 cases occurred across the province. It was estimated that from 2014 to 2023, there were a total of 440 448 (95% CI: 421 202-460 607) cases of Vibrio parahaemolyticus infections in Liaoning Province, with an annual incidence rate of approximately 103.41 per 100 000 people (95% CI: 98.85-108.11). Risk classification for various food items indicated that seafood posed the highest risk, accounting for 50.20% of infections, with shellfish being the highest-risk food type, followed by shrimp and watermelon.

Based on the multiple factor; it can be concluded that the burden of Vibrio parahaemolyticus infections in Liaoning Province is slightly higher than in other coastal regions. Seafood, particularly shellfish, is the primary cause of foodborne diseases associated with Vibrio parahaemolyticus in Liaoning Province. Continued enhancement of prevention and education efforts targeting key populations and regions is necessary to guide residents in the proper consumption of seafood, as well as to improve disease burden assessment work.

To investigate the prevalence of dyslipidemia and its influencing factors among the elderly in Pidu District.

An analysis was conducted on health examination data from permanent residents aged 65 and older in Pidu District from 2022 to 2023. The comparison of rates was performed using the chi-square test, and multivariate logistic regression analysis was employed to explore the risk factors associated with dyslipidemia. The significance level was set at α=0.05.

A total of 110 992 elderly individuals completed all examination items in Pidu District during 2022 and 2023, including 48 956 males (44.1%) and 62 036 females (55.9%), with an average age of (71.9±5.9) years. The detection rates of dyslipidemia, elevated total cholesterol (TC), elevated triglycerides (TG), elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and decreased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were 30.3%, 16.1%, 15.5%, 7.3%, and 5.6%, respectively. Female gender (OR=1.48, 95%CI: 1.43-1.54),smoking (OR=1.09, 95%CI: 1.04-1.14), overweight (OR=1.97, 95%CI: 1.80-2.16), obesity (OR=2.05, 95%CI: 1.86-2.26), central obesity (OR=1.23, 95%CI: 1.19-1.27), and lack of exercise (OR=1.18, 95%CI: 1.14-1.22) were identified as risk factors for dyslipidemia among the elderly in Pidu District. Conversely, being a rural resident (OR=0.84, 95%CI: 0.81-0.86) and being aged 80 years or older (OR=0.76, 95%CI: 0.73-0.79) were identified as protective factors.

It is essential to implement gender-sensitive management for the elderly, enhance health education related to overweight, obesity, and central obesity, and strengthen weight management among the elderly, while promoting daily exercise and smoking cessation.

To construct and validate a nomogram model for sarcopenia in Chinese elderly individuals.

Data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) in 2011 and 2015 were utilized, randomly divided into training and validation sets in a 7:3 ratio. LASSO regression was employed to select potential predictive variables, and Logistic regression was used to determine the final predictive variables, leading to the construction of the nomogram. The model’s predictive performance, calibration, and clinical validity were evaluated through the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), Hosmer-Leeshawn test, calibration curve, and decision curve analysis.

A total of 1 320 elderly individuals without sarcopenia at baseline were included, and after a 4-year follow-up, 161 individuals (12.2%) developed sarcopenia. LASSO regression identified 10 potential predictive variables, while Logistic regression analysis indicated that age and social isolation were risk factors, with odds ratios (ORs) of 1.086 (95%CI: 1.049-1.125) and 1.696 (95%CI: 1.114-2.582), respectively. Social interaction (SI) was identified as a protective factor (OR=0.986, 95%CI: 0.973-0.999). Compared to a body roundness index (BRI) ≤ 3.00, higher BRI levels were associated with lower risk: ORs (95%CI) for >3.00-3.74, >3.74-4.51, >4.51-5.47, and >5.47 were 0.529 (0.284-0.988), 0.315 (0.164-0.606), 0.128 (0.061-0.270), and 0.174 (0.087-0.347),respectively. Based on these findings, a nomogram was constructed, with AUCs of 0.734 and 0.723 for the training and validation sets, respectively, indicating good model discrimination. The Hosmer-Leeshawn test demonstrated good model fit, and the calibration curve closely matched the ideal curve. Decision curve analysis suggested that the model possesses good clinical efficacy.

The risk of sarcopenia is relatively high among Chinese elderly individuals, and the nomogram model constructed based on age, SI, social isolation, and BRI can effectively predict the risk of its occurrence.

To understand the prevalence of health abnormalities detected in health examinations of elderly individuals aged ≥65 in Shenzhen from 2021 to 2023.

This study extracted health examination records of all participants aged ≥65 who underwent free health check-ups as part of the National Basic Public Health Service Project in Shenzhen from 2021 to 2023.The prevalence rates of single, dual, and triple health abnormalities were described, and the co-occurrence rates of two diseases were analyzed by gender and age groups.

A total of 1 194 927 health examination records were reviewed from 2021 to 2023, showing an overall increasing trend in the detection rate of health abnormalities among the elderly, which remained high.The detection rate for overweight or obesity ranked first, ranging from 59.0% to 59.5% during this period. The highest co-occurrence rate was observed for overweight or obesity combined with dyslipidemia or abnormal blood lipids, ranging from 34.3%to 35.3%. Overall, females and individuals aged 75 and older exhibited higher health risks. Furthermore, the highest cooccurrence of three health abnormalities was found in individuals with overweight or obesity, electrocardiogram abnormalities, and dyslipidemia or abnormal blood lipids, with a detection rate of 19.2% to 20.1%.

Among elderly individuals aged ≥65,the highest detection rate was for overweight or obesity, which frequently coexists with other chronic diseases. There is a pressing need to focus on women and older seniors. Public health institutions at the grassroots level should enhance health management for early detection, intervention, and treatment of key diseases and populations.

To explore the relationship between sleep duration, its changes, and the activities of daily living (ADL) in the elderly.

Utilizing data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, participants who took part in the surveys conducted in 2018 and 2020 were selected. Based on sleep duration, participants were categorized into three groups: short sleep (<7 hours), adequate sleep (7-9 hours), and long sleep (>9 hours). The study employed restricted cubic spline analysis to examine the dose-response relationship between sleep duration and ADL, and a Cox proportional hazards regression model to analyze the relationship between dynamic changes in sleep duration and ADL.

A total of 3 923 participants were included in this study, with 1 162 (29.6%) experiencing ADL impairment during the follow-up period. The Cox proportional hazards regression model indicated that individuals who consistently maintained short sleep and those who transitioned from adequate sleep to short sleep had a 50% and 39% increased risk of ADL impairment, respectively, with hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of 1.50(1.27-1.78) and 1.39 (1.14-1.71). Additionally, those with a significant reduction in sleep duration (< -2 hours) had a 20% increased risk of ADL impairment (HR=1.20, 95%CI: 1.01-1.41).

Maintaining adequate and stable sleep duration over the long term can reduce the risk of ADL impairment in the elderly.

To assess the content of heavy metals lead and cadmium in mantis shrimp and Chinese mitten crab sold in Suzhou, as well as the dietary exposure and health risks associated with passive intake of these metals through consumption of these two seafood products.

An in vitro experiment was conducted to simulate the human digestive process, measuring the levels of lead and cadmium in simulated gastric and intestinal digestion extracts, and calculating their bio accessibility. The dietary exposure and health risks of lead and cadmium in the two seafood products were evaluated using exposure boundary ratios, non-carcinogenic hazard coefficients, and target carcinogenic risk indices.

Among the tested seafood products, lead levels were within acceptable limits, while cadmium exceeded the limit in four samples. After treatment with simulated gastric digestion fluid, the bio accessibility data for cadmium and lead were 59.1% to 87.5% and 19.9% to 46.0%, respectively. Following treatment with simulated intestinal digestion fluid, the bio accessibility data for cadmium and lead were 20.5% to 45.1% and 18.1% to 38.2%,respectively. The dietary exposure limits for lead and cadmium in both seafood products were greater than 1.8, the noncarcinogenic hazard coefficients were below the safety benchmark of 1.0, and the target carcinogenic risk was no greater than 5.00×10^-5 per year.

The dietary exposure risk of lead and cadmium in the two seafood products does not have a significant impact on human health, and both non-carcinogenic and target carcinogenic risks are within acceptable limits.

To analyze the factors influencing overweight and obesity among middle school students and to establish a nomogram for predicting the risk of overweight and obesity in this population.

From September to November 2024, a random cluster sampling method was used to select 5 135 middle school students from 20 schools in Tongren city for physical examinations and questionnaire surveys. Lasso regression was employed to identify factors affecting overweight and obesity, and a nomogram prediction model was established and validated.

The prevalence of overweight and obesity among middle school students was 25.02%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that being female (OR=0.430, 95%CI: 0.371-0.499),boarding at school (OR=0.582, 95%CI: 0.500-0.678), engaging in moderate to high-intensity physical activity for one hour daily (OR=0.730, 95%CI: 0.630-0.847), having non-obese parents (OR=0.466, 95%CI: 0.404-0.538), and external eating triggers (OR=0.945, 95%CI: 0.935-0.956) were protective factors against overweight and obesity. Conversely, consuming fresh fruits and vegetables at every meal (OR=1.308, 95%CI: 1.103-1.549), restrictive eating (OR=1.100, 95%CI: 1.089-1.111), and emotional eating (OR=1.091, 95%CI: 1.079-1.103) were identified as risk factors. The areas under the curve (AUC) for the training and validation sets were 0.790 (95%CI: 0.775-0.806) and 0.765 (95%CI: 0.731-0.799), respectively, indicating good discrimination of the nomogram prediction model. The Brier score was 0.15, and the Hosmer-Leeshawn test suggested good model fit (χ²=10.984, P=0.203).

The nomogram model established in this study effectively predicts the risk of overweight and obesity, providing a reference for screening high-risk students and implementing personalized prevention strategies.

To investigate the protective effect of ursula acid (UA) supplementation on alcoholic liver injury and to clarify the role of gut microbiota through fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) experiments, as well as to explore the underlying mechanisms.

Eight-week-old C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into a normal control group, an alcohol model group, and a UA intervention group, with six mice in each group. During the 8-week modeling period, fecal samples from each group were collected daily for the last two weeks to prepare fecal microbiota solutions. After the recipient mice underwent gut-derived bacterial clearance, they were randomly assigned to FMT-control, FMT-model, and FMT-UA groups. Starting from the seventh week, each group received daily gavage of 200 μl of the corresponding fecal microbiota solution for two weeks.Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE) staining was used to observe the histopathological changes in liver tissues of the mice, and colorimetric assays were performed to measure serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and total bile acid (TBA). The changes in gut microbiota of donor mice were analyzed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and Western blotting (WB) was used to detect the expression levels of Foresaid X receptor (FXR) protein in the liver of recipient mice.Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS 22.0, with a significance level (α) set at 0.05.

Compared to the alcohol model group, UA intervention improved liver injury in mice with alcoholic liver damage, evidenced by a 39.3% reduction in serum ALT activity (P < 0.05) and a 16.7% reduction in AST activity (P < 0.05), while also restoring the diversity of gut microbiota. The liver pathology of recipient mice exhibited changes similar to those of donor mice. Analysis of ALT, AST, and TBA levels in recipient mice revealed that, compared to the FMT-control group, the serum ALT, AST, and TBA levels in the FMT-model group increased by 124%, 47.4%, and 97.5%, respectively (P < 0.05); the FMT-UA group showed significant reductions in ALT, AST, and TBA levels compared to the FMT-model group (P < 0.05). WB results indicated that FXR protein expression in the liver tissue of the FMT-model group was only 17.8% of that in the FMT-control group (P < 0.05); compared to the FMT-model group, the FXR protein expression in the liver of the FXR-UA group increased by 2.09 times (P < 0.05).

UA exhibits a protective effect against alcoholic liver injury in mice, and its mechanism may be associated with the regulation of gut microbiota and the modulation of liver FXR protein expression, thereby maintaining bile acid homeostasis.

To investigate the relationship between hemoglobin (Hb) levels in early pregnancy and the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

Following the principle of informed consent, data were collected from pregnant women who underwent prenatal care and delivery at ten hospitals and fifteen community health service centers in Kunshan,Jiangsu Province, from August 2019 to June 2021. This included demographic information, medical and family history, reproductive history, physical examinations, and laboratory test results. GDM was diagnosed based on the results of the oral glucose tolerance test during pregnancy. A restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression analysis was employed to explore the dose-response relationship between Hb levels and the risk of GDM. Based on the RCS results, Hb levels were categorized into two groups: Hb ≤ 138.4 g/L and Hb > 138.4 g/L. Logistic regression was then used to analyze the relationship between early pregnancy Hb levels and the risk of GDM, calculating the odds ratio (OR) and its 95% confidence interval (95%CI) to assess the strength of the association.

Totally 9 045 women with singleton pregnancy were included in this study, with an incidence of GDM of 14.72% (n=1 331). The RCS regression results indicated a linear relationship between early pregnancy Hb levels and the risk of GDM (overall trend test: P=0.013, non-linear test: P=0.396). Multivariable logistic regression revealed that women with Hb > 138.4 g/L had a higher risk of GDM compared to those with Hb ≤ 138.4 g/L, with an adjusted OR of 1.214 (95%CI: 1.021-1.445).

Elevated Hb level in early pregnancy is a risk factor for the development of GDM.

To understand the current status of health information avoidance behavior regarding AIDS prevention among rural middle-aged and elderly individuals aged 50 and above, and to analyze its influencing factors.

From September to December 2024, a convenience sampling method was employed to select 751 middle-aged and elderly individuals from rural areas in five districts of Luzhou city for the study. A general information questionnaire, AIDS prevention health information avoidance scale, brief health literacy scale, self-neglect scale, and AIDS discrimination scale were utilized for data collection. Statistical analyses including t-tests, ANOVA, Pearson correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression were conducted to analyze influencing factors.

The average score for health information avoidance behavior regarding AIDS prevention among rural middle-aged and elderly individuals was (31.64±10.08). The influencing factors included education level (β=-0.066, 95%CI: -0.122 to -0.010), age (β=0.074,95%CI: 0.021-0.127), being widowed (β=-0.089, 95%CI: -0.154 to -0.024), employment status (β=0.061, 95%CI: 0.004-0.118),health literacy (β=-0.267, 95% CI: -0.337 to -0.197), self-neglect (β=0.267, 95%CI: 0.199-0.334), and AIDS discrimination (β=0.344, 95%CI: 0.279-0.408) (all P<0.05), collectively explaining 64.10% of the total variance.

The health information avoidance behavior regarding AIDS prevention among the rural middle-aged and elderly population is at a moderately high level. To reduce this behavior, it is essential to focus on individuals with lower health literacy, higher levels of self-neglect, greater discrimination against AIDS, older age, lower educational attainment, and those engaged in labor. Targeted measures should be implemented to improve this population’s willingness and ability to access and apply AIDS prevention health information