To investigate the contamination status and distribution characteristics of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in liquid milk and livestock meat in Inner Mongolia, to assess the health risks of dietary exposure in the population, to provide a scientific basis for national food safety risk assessment, and to promote the formulation and implementation of PFASs prevention and control measures.

Samples of locally produced liquid milk and livestock meat were collected from 12 leagues and cities in Inner Mongolia. High-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) was used to detect and analyze 23 PFASs in the samples. The estimated daily intake (EDI), estimated weekly intake (EWI), and hazard quotient (HQ) methods were applied to conduct an exposure assessment on the total intake of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), and perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS) through liquid milk and livestock meat consumption among the population in Inner Mongolia.

A total of 454 liquid milk and livestock meat samples were collected, including 214 liquid milk samples and 240 livestock meat samples. The detection results showed that the overall detection rate of 23 PFASs in liquid milk samples was 48.13% (103/214). The predominant compounds detected were perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA), PFHxS, and perfluoropentanoic acid (PFPeA), with detection rates of 31.31% (67/214), 13.08% (28/214), and 11.21% (24/214), respectively. The overall detection rate of PFASs in livestock meat samples was 59.17% (142/240). The compounds with higher detection rates were PFPeA, potassium perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS), and PFBA, with detection rates of 23.75% (57/240), 20.83% (50/240), and 19.58% (47/240), respectively. The assessment results indicated that the HQs for the total intake of PFOA, PFOS, PFNA, and PFHxS through liquid milk and livestock meat in the Inner Mongolia population were all<1.

The contamination level of PFASs in liquid milk and livestock meat in Inner Mongolia is relatively low, and the dietary exposure risk of total PFOA, PFOS, PFNA, and PFHxS through liquid milk and livestock meat consumption is low.

To explore the chain mediating role of health information acquisition behavior and blood glucose management behavioral decision-making between risk perception and self-management in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

Using a convenience sampling method, 353 pregnant women with GDM from four tertiary Grade-A hospitals in Zhengzhou City were selected as participants. They were surveyed using the Risk Perception Scale for Pregnant Women with GDM, the Diabetes Health Information Acquisition Behavior Scale, the Blood Glucose Management Behavioral Decision-Making Scale for Pregnant Women with GDM, and the Self-Management Assessment Scale for GDM. Structural equation modeling and the Bootstrap method were employed to test the mediating effects.

Risk perception was positively associated with self-management in pregnant women with GDM (β=0.676, P<0.001). Health information acquisition behavior was positively associated with self-management (β=0.097, P<0.001), and blood glucose management behavioral decision-making was also positively associated with self-management (β=0.133, P<0.001). The chain mediating effect of both variables was significant (β=0.033, 95%CI: 0.016-0.142, P<0.001), accounting for 4.88% of the total effect. The total mediating effect accounted for 38.91% of the total effect.

Health information acquisition behavior and blood glucose management behavioral decision-making play a chain mediating role between risk perception and self-management in pregnant women with GDM. This suggests that clinical interventions should start with enhancing pregnant women’s risk perception, subsequently promoting their proactive acquisition of health information and optimizing management decisions to ultimately improve self-management behaviors.

To identify the latent profiles of job demands-resources among village doctors and their association with turnover intention, and to provide references for reducing the risk of village doctors’ departure.

A questionnaire survey was conducted among village doctors in 16 prefecture-level cities of Shandong Province using a general information form, job demands scale, job resources scale, and turnover intention scale. Latent profile analysis was employed to identify latent profiles of job demands and resources, while multiple linear regression analysis explored the association between different latent profiles and turnover intention.

A total of 2 404 village doctors were included. Five latent profiles were identified: high-risk burnout profile (5.17%), imbalance risk profile (22.98%), low-strain abundant profile (13.37%), high-strain active profile (16.68%), and moderate balanced profile (41.80%). Differences across these categories in terms of gender, age, and employment type were statistically significant (P<0.05). High-risk burnout profile and imbalance risk profile were risk factors for turnover intention (β=0.218, P<0.001; β=0.199, P<0.001), while low-strain abundant profile and high-strain active profile were protective factors for turnover intention (β=-0.292, P<0.001; β=-0.067, P<0.001).

Significant heterogeneity exists in turnover intention among village doctors across different latent profiles of job demands-resources. Priority should be given to interventions targeting the high-risk burnout profile and the imbalance risk profile, while efforts should focus on stabilizing and maintaining the low-strain abundant profile and the moderate balanced profile, and providing developmental support for the high-strain active profile.

To examine the needs and utilization of home health care services among key elderly populations in China and identify factors influencing service needs, providing evidence for service improvement.

A purposive sampling survey was conducted in Beijing. Data on older adults’ needs and utilization of home health care services were collected. Descriptive analysis, univariate analysis, and multivariate logistic regression were performed using SPSS 26.0.

The need rate for home health care services was 64.1%, and the utilization rate among those with needs was 54.6%. The average need-satisfaction rate across 26 service items was 37.4%. Age, education, monthly income, caregiver type, functional ability, self-rated health, and hospitalization in the past year were significant influencing factors(P<0.05).

Although demand is high, a structural mismatch exists between service provision and needs, particularly for more specialized services. Efforts should focus on improving accessibility, expanding supply, and prioritizing high-need populations.

To investigate the role of social isolation in the long-term impact of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) on depressive symptoms in middle-aged and older adults, and to provide empirical support for preventing and intervening in the negative effects of ACEs on mental health in this population.

Based on data from the 2014 life history survey and the 2018 and 2020 follow-up survey of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), a total of 12 695 middle-aged and older adults aged ≥45 years were included. ACEs were derived from the 2014 data, social isolation from the 2018 data, and depressive symptoms from the 2020 data. The relationships among social isolation, ACEs, and depressive symptoms were examined using independent samples t-tests, chi-square tests, and Pearson correlation analysis. The mediating effect of social isolation between ACEs and depressive symptoms was analyzed through mediation models, Sobel tests, and bootstrap tests.

ACEs showed a significant positive correlation with depressive symptoms (β=0.618, P<0.001). Path analysis revealed that social isolation partially mediated the association between ACEs and depressive symptoms. Specifically, ACEs positively predicted social isolation (β=0.026, P<0.001), and social isolation positively predicted depressive symptoms (β=0.913, P<0.001). Both Sobel and Bootstrap tests confirmed the robustness of this mediating effect. The influence of ACEs and social isolation on depressive symptoms was consistent across different genders and age groups within the middle-aged and elderly population.

ACEs can directly or indirectly influence depressive symptoms in middle-aged and older adults through the mediating effect of social isolation. Relevant social departments should implement life-course intervention strategies, including preventing ACEs, providing psychological counseling, and building social support networks, to alleviate depression issues among middle-aged and older adults.

Construct a core competency system for personnel providing basic public health services in grassroots medical and health institutions in Guizhou, providing a guiding basis for enhancing the capabilities of grassublic health personnel.

Through literature review and Delphi consultation, primary, secondary, and tertiary indicators were conand screened, and weights were calculated using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP).

After two rounds of expert consultation (n₁=18, n₂=15), the expert authority coefficients were 0.88 and 0.90, respectively, both higher than 0.70 (P<0.01), and the coordination coefficients were significant (P<0.01). A core competency scale for grassroots public health personnel was constructed, covering 46 items across five dimensions: professional knowledge, professional skills, comprehensive ability, concepts, and values.

This indicator system provides a practical tool for evaluating the core competencies of grassroots public health personnel in Guizhou Province, and its methodological framework and policy recommendations significant reference value for similar regions.

To identify the health science popularization demand attributes of middle-aged and elderly people in Henan Province, analyze the impact of different demand attributes on satisfaction, and analyze the differences in health sciencepopularization needs of middle-aged and elderly people with different characteristics.

A total of 423 middle-aged and elderly people were randomly selected from the health literacy monitoring points in Henan, and the general information sheet, the national residents' health literacy monitoring questionnaire and the self-made health science popularization demand Kano questionnaire were used for survey. The demand attributes and their differences were analyzed by frequency statistics, Better-Worse analysis and chi-square test.

Among the 34 items, there were 3 expected needs, 13 attractiveness needs, 15 indifferent needs, and 3 reverse needs. Expected needs were primarily concentrated in the dimensions of communication institutions and personnel, specifically large hospitals, community hospitals, and healthcare professionals. Attractiveness needs mainly focused on the dimensions of science popularization content, formats, and delivery channels. The Better-Worse quadrant distribution chart showed 18 items in the first quadrant, 15 in the third quadrant, and 1 in the fourth quadrant. Differences in health science popularization needs were observed among middle-aged and elderly individuals based on gender, residential location, and health literacy levels.

Middle-aged and elderly populations exhibit significant demand for health science popularization. It is essential to clarify the core role of hospitals and healthcare professionals in science popularization to meet expected needs, promote innovation in formats and content to stimulate attractiveness demands, and implement targeted stratified science popularization based on the characteristics of this demographic.

To explore intervention strategies aimed at improving community residents’ knowledge of colorectal cancer screening, their health beliefs, and screening rates.

A randomized controlled trial was conducted from December 2024 to March 2025, recruiting eligible community residents in Chengdu, Sichuan Province, for the intervention study. The navigation intervention protocol was developed based on the Health Belief Model and the Transtheoretical Model.

A total of 113 community residents participated in the study, comprising 56 in the intervention group and 57 in the control group. Prior to the intervention, there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in terms of demographic characteristics, colorectal cancer screening knowledge scores, scores on the various dimensions of health beliefs, screening intention scores, or colonoscopy screening status (P>0.05). Three months after the intervention, there were group effects, time effects, and interaction effects between the two groups regarding colorectal cancer screening knowledge scores, health belief scores (perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, and perceived barriers), and screening intention scores (P<0.001). At the end of the first and third months of the intervention, the intervention group’s community residents had higher scores for colorectal cancer screening knowledge (P<0.001), perceived susceptibility (P<0.001), perceived severity (P<0.05), perceived benefits (P<0.05), and screening intention (P<0.001) than those in the control group, while perceived barriers were lower (P<0.001). At the end of the first month of the intervention, there was no statistically significant difference in colonoscopy screening rates between the intervention group and the control group (P>0.05); however, by the end of the third month of the intervention, the difference became statistically significant (P<0.05).

The navigation intervention program based on the “HBM+TTM” theory can effectively improve community residents’ knowledge of colorectal cancer screening, their health beliefs, and screening rates, and it serves as a model for other regions to follow.

To systematically investigate the healthcare facility selection preferences and characteristics of insurance participation among basic medical insurance enrollees in Guangxi, with a focus on the influencing mechanisms of residents’ selection preferences, so as to provide empirical evidence and optimization pathways for advancing the integration of urban-rural medical insurance and deepening the implementation of the tiered diagnosis and treatment system.

A cross-sectional field survey was conducted among insured residents in 14 prefecture-level cities in Guangxi using a multi-stage random sampling method. A multinomial logit regression model was employed to systematically analyze the influence of demographic characteristics and medical insurance service factors on healthcarefacility selection preferences.

After incorporating variables with statistical significance in univariate analysis into multivariate Logit regression, household registration type(non-agricultural household registration, OR=0.410) and education level(high school or technical secondary school, OR=0.252; junior college and above, OR=0.273) were facilitators for choosing higher-level medical institutions. In contrast, medical insurance type(urban and rural resident medical insurance, OR=2.325) and hospitalization experience(no history of hospitalization, OR=3.151) were facilitators for choosing primary medical institutions. Payment pressure level was a facilitator for choosing high-level medical institutions. Patients who perceived payment pressure as “relatively high”(OR=0.330) or “general”(OR=0.203) were more inclined to choose tertiary medical institutions.

Household registration type and medical insurance type jointly influence insured residents’ choice of medical institution level. Hospitalization experience is a key health-related factor affecting such choices. Variations in perceived premium payment pressure lead to different preferences among insured residents in selecting medical institutions. Therefore, policies related to medical insurance and the tiered diagnosis and treatment system should be optimized accordingly.

To evaluate the implementation effectiveness of medical cluster policies and promote high-quality primary healthcare.

Using a “policy tools-policy objectives-policy effectiveness” framework, text analysis and the PMC index model were applied to policy texts on medical clusters issued by China’s central government and Shanxi and Zhejiang provinces from 2014 to 2024.

Current policies showed imbalanced policy tools, vague policy objectives, and weak incentive-constraint mechanisms.

Optimizing policy instruments, refining quantitative targets, and strengthening incentive and constraint measures can improve the effectiveness and quality of medical cluster policies, promoting high-quality primary healthcare development.