To study the association between serum albumin level and the risk of respiratory failure after pulmonary infection in patients with pneumoconiosis.

This study utilized data of hospitalized pneumoconiosis patients from 2012 to 2021 and employed the Cox model to analyze the association between baseline serum albumin levels and the risk of respiratory failure following pulmonary infection in male pneumoconiosis patients.

The average age of 1 301 male inpatients with pneumoconiosis was 50.94 ±11.12 years, with a median age of 48 years old. Respiratory failure occurred in 194 patients after infection, and the incidence density was 44.14 per 1 000 person-years. Grouped by whether respiratory failure occurred, there were significant differences between the two groups in terms of age, smoking status, drinking status, length of dust exposure, ALB, BMI and stage of pneumoconiosis (P<0.05). Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that compared with pneumoconiosis patients with serum ALB≤35.1 g/L, those with ALB≥40.9 g/L had a reduced risk of developing respiratory failure after infection (HR=0.48, 95%CI: 0.02-0.94, P=0.002). Subgroup analysis revealed that compared with the lowest quartile group (Q1) of serum ALB, in the low BMI group (BMI<18.5 kg/m²), patients in the Q4 group of serum ALB had a significantly lower risk of developing respiratory failure after infection (HR=0.36, 95% CI: 0.20-0.64, P=0.001); in normal BMI group (18.5 kg/m²≤BMI<24 kg/m²), the Q4 group of serum ALB significantly reduced the risk of developing respiratory failure after infection (HR=0.22, 95% CI: 0.09-0.53, P=0.001); and in pneumoconiosis stage 3 group, the Q4 group of serum ALB significantly reduced the risk of developing respiratory failure after infection (HR=0.42, 95% CI: 0.25-0.71, P=0.001). The restricted cubic spline plot showed that when ALB>38.1 g/L, the risk of developing respiratory failure after pulmonary infection in male pneumoconiosis patients decreased progressively with increasing baseline serum albumin levels.

High serum albumin is a protective factor for respiratory failure in male pneumoconiosis patients after pulmonary infection. Serum ALB concentration higher than 38.1 g/L can reduce the risk of respiratory failure after infection.

To analyze the relationship between longitudinal changes in blood pressure and new-onset cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in older adults with hypertension in the community of Suzhou, and to provide a reference threshold for blood pressure management in older adults.

The physical examination data from 4 019 older adults with hypertension who participated in health check-ups at a community health service center in Suzhou from 2021 to 2023 were collected.Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) and Restricted Cubic Splines(RCS) models were used to analyze the association between blood pressure changes and new-onset CVD in older adults with hypertension.

A total of 365 new cases of new-onset CVD were observed among older adults, with a cumulative incidence rate of 9.1%. GEE analysis showed that after adjusting for the control variables, diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was negatively associated with the risk of new-onset CVD (OR=0.97, 95% CI: 0.96-0.98, P<0.001), while pulse pressure (PP) was positively associated with the risk of new-onset CVD (OR=1.01, 95% CI: 1.00-1.01, P<0.05). The RCS model showed that there were significant non-linear dose-response relationships between low DBP and the increased risk of new-onset CVD, and between low PP and the decreased risk of new-onset CVD (non-linear test P<0.05). Subgroup analysis showed that DBP≤84 mm Hg and ≥95 mm Hg, and PP between 77 to 88 mm Hg in the uncontrolled systolic blood pressure(SBP) group were significantly associated with an increased risk of new-onset CVD,while PP≤51 mm Hg in the controlled SBP group was significantly associated with a decreased risk of new-onset CVD.

Low and/or high DBP may increase the risk of new-onset CVD in older adults with hypertension in the community, while low PP has a protective effect on new-onset CVD. However, when SBP is not controlled, PP will increase the risk of new-onset CVD in a higher threshold range.

To understand the current situation and influencing factors of lactation mastitis in postpartum females, and to provide useful evidence for the prevention and control of lactation mastitis.

From January to October 2024, a cohort of pregnant females at 32-42 weeks of gestation was established in a tertiary hospital in Karamay city, and followed up until 42 days postpartum. Among them, 196 females who developed lactation mastitis were selected as the case group, and 196 females who did not develop lactation mastitis were matched 1:1 according to age ± 2 years as the control group. A self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate the basic information of the females. χ² test and binary logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the influencing factors.

A total of 624 pregnant females were included in this study.During the study period, 196 cases of lactation mastitis occurred, with an incidence rate of 31.41%. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that primiparity (OR=2.086, 95% CI: 1.316-3.307), nipple fissure (OR=3.593, 95% CI: 2.261-5.711),excessive milk production (OR=2.697, 95% CI: 1.393-2.261), family dysfunction (OR=2.435, 95% CI: 1.264-4.691), and co-occurrence of postpartum depression and anxiety (CAD) (OR=2.551, 95% CI: 1.369-4.755) were risk factors for lactation mastitis in postpartum females.

Hospitals and communities should fully play their supportive roles, provide personalized and systematic breastfeeding consultation and guidance for postpartum females and their family members, and emphasize the importance of family support to reduce the occurrence of lactation mastitis in postpartum females and promote breastfeeding.

To examine the relationship between postnatal passive smoking and neuropsychological development in rural 2-year-old children.

This study, based on a birth cohort study conducted in rural Yunnan Province in the previous period, followed up with assessments of passive smoking at ages 1 and 2, and a total of 293 mother-child pairs were included in the study. Passive smoking exposure was assessed through self-reports and children's urinary cotinine tests. At age 2, cognitive, language, and motor development were evaluated using the Bayley-III scales. Stata software and multivariate binary logistic regression models were used to analyze the association between between postnatal passive smoking exposure and neuropsychological development in 2-year-old children.

Passive smoking exposure rates of 293 toddlers were 45.73%at age 1 and 65.19% at age 2. Mean cognitive, language, and motor scores at age 2 were 100.73±18.60, 99.50±16.99, and 101.05±19.86, with developmental delay rates of 7.51%, 15.07%, and 14.43%, respectively. The results of the logistic regression analyses showed that passive smoking at age 1 increased the risk of language development delay (OR=2.036, 95%CI: 1.025-4.046).

Passive smoking in infancy is a risk factor for lagging language development in 2-year-old children. It is recommended to create a smoke-free growing environment for infants and toddlers to protect and promote early neuropsychological development.

To analyze the status and influencing factors of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) screened by the recombinant mycobacterium tuberculosis fusion protein (EC) test in Henan Province, and to understand the willingness of LTBI individuals to accept preventive treatment, with the aim of providing data support for improving tuberculosis (TB) control strategies in Henan Province.

In 2023, the EC test was used to screen for LTBI and conduct preventive treatment among high-risk groups for TB (including school teachers and students, healthcare workers, close contacts, and HIV/AIDS patients) in counties participating in the Henan Province TB Care Action public welfare project. Excel 2019 and SPSS 21.0 software were used to analyze the data. Binary logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of latent tuberculosis infection.

A total of 4 818 subjects were included in the study, excluding those who had not been screened for latent infection due to other reasons such as screening contraindications. The positive rate of EC test was 4.42% (213/4 818). Four patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis were found, and the detection rate was 83.02/100 000 (4/4 818). 204 people met the criteria for preventive treatment, 86 people received preventive treatment, the acceptance rate was 42.16% (86/204), the completion rate was 89.53%(77/86), among which the main reason for refusal was that they thought they would not get sick (77.97% (92/118)). Binary logistic regression model analysis results showed that with students as the control group, medical staff (OR=9.762，95% CI：3.441-27.697), close contact staff (OR=6.853, 95% CI：3.074-15.277), HIV/AIDS (OR=4.387, 95% CI：1.582-12.165) were risk factors for TB infection.

Healthcare workers, close contacts, and HIV/AIDS patients are the focus of LTBI screening. Additionally, enhancing the awareness of preventive treatment among individuals with latent infections is crucial to improving the acceptance rate of preventive treatment and advancing TB control efforts in Henan Province.

To analyze the internal structure and influencing factors of hospitalization expenses for rare disease patients at different medical levels in Jiangxi Province’s “Health Expenditure Accounting System 2011” (SHA2011) sentinel hospitals, providing references for rare disease treatment in Jiangxi Province and its healthcare institutions.

Data on rare disease patients from 2018 to 2022 were collected from the sample hospitals in Jiangxi Province. Structural variation analysis and grey correlation analysis were employed to examine changes in the internal composition of hospitalization expenses and their interrelationships, while a random forest model was used to identify factors influencing the average total cost per hospitalization case.

From 2018 to 2022, the average hospitalization costs per case were 19 082.70 yuan (provincial), 8 175.29 yuan (municipal), and 6 586.23 yuan (county/district). The random forest model revealed that medication fees and diagnostic examination fees were key factors affecting rare disease hospitalization costs, with structural variation values of -3.15, -1.79, and 5.30 for medication fees, and -3.86, 5.48, and 2.16 for diagnostic examination fees at provincial, municipal, and county/district levels, respectively. Grey correlation analysis showed that surgical fees and nursing fees had low correlation degrees with hospitalization costs across all levels, ranking between 7th and 8th.

From 2018 to 2022, hospitalization expenses at all levels exhibit fluctuating trends but remained generally high. Medication fees and diagnostic examination fees are critical influencing factors, though their structural variation trends and contribution rates differed significantly across hospital tiers. Additionally, surgical and nursing fees demonstrate consistently low correlation with hospitalization costs at all levels.

To explore the relationship between smartphones usage, internet usage and subjective, objective cognitive functions.

Multi-stage cluster random sampling method was used to select 45-70 year old permanent residents from 7 sample villages in Pingyin County, Shandong Province who meet the standards. The subjective cognitive decline-questionnaire 9 (SCD-Q9) and the montreal cognitive assessment basic scale (MoCA-B) were used to evaluate the subjective and objective cognitive functions, respectively. The logistic regression model was used to calculate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) of the relationship between smartphones usage, internet usage and subjective, objective cognitive function. Furthermore, the non-linear relationship between smartphones usage, internet usage and cognitive function scores was explored.

This study included 1 654 participants. Compared with those who did not use mobile phones, those who used mobile phones had a 42% lower risk of experiencing abnormal objective cognitive scores (OR=0.58, 95% CI: 0.46-0.73), and the risk of abnormal objective cognitive scores was relatively low when using a mobile phone for less than or equal to 2 hours per day or more than 2 hours per day (0.65, 0.51-0.82; 0.69, 0.55-0.88). Compared to those who did not use the internet, internet users had a 41% lower risk of experiencing abnormal objective cognitive scores (0.59, 0.47-0.74), and people who spent less than 1 hour online or more than 2 hours online had a lower risk of experiencing abnormal objective cognitive scores compared to those who spent less than or equal to 1 hour online (0.65, 0.52-0.83; 0.66, 0.52-0.83). Nonlinear correlation showed that as the duration of mobile phone use and internet usage gradually increased, the objective cognitive score showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing.

People who use mobile phones and the internet have a lower risk of experiencing objective cognitive score abnormalities. As the duration of mobile phone use and internet usage increases, the objective cognitive score shows a non-linear trend of first increasing and then decreasing. Overuse of mobile phones and the internet (such as>5.5 h/d) may have adverse effects on cognitive function.

To assess the current status and influencing factors of occupational health literacy (OHL) among key populations in Yunnan Province.

In accordance with the requirements of the National Key Population Occupational Health Literacy Monitoring and Intervention Technical Plan, a stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select workers from three key industries in the secondary sector and five key industries in the tertiary sector in Yunnan Province. A questionnaire survey was conducted to assess their OHL levels. The pearson χ² test and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the influencing factors of OHL.

In 2023, the sample of Yunnan Province included 9 718 people. The overall OHL level was 48.4%, with the OHL level of the secondary sector was 55.0% and that of tertiary industry was 45.5%. Female workers had significantly higher OHL levels than males (χ²=11.529, P<0.05); higher income (χ²=166.574, P_{for trend}<0.001) and higher education levels (χ²=99.473, P_{for trend}<0.001) were positively associated with OHL levels. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that using “junior high school and below” and “monthly income<3 000 yuan” as reference groups, having a college degree or above (OR=1.180, 95% CI:1.042-1.335) and a monthly income of ≥9 000 yuan (OR=2.615, 95% CI:1.967-3.477) were protective factors for higher OHL levels (P<0.05). Using state-owned enterprises as the reference, working in private enterprises (OR=0.854, 95% CI:0.763-0.956) and public institutions (OR=0.865, 95% CI:0.756-0.991) were risk factors for OHL levels (P<0.05).

The OHL level in Yunnan Province needs to be further improved. Low-income groups, individuals with lower educational backgrounds, and workers in emerging industries should be key targets for future attention and intervention. To enhance OHL levels and safeguard workers’ health, targeted education and awareness campaigns should be designed based on the specific characteristics of each group.

To explore the relationship between intergenerational emotional support and depression of migrant elderly following children and its mechanism of action.

A total of 210 migrant elderly following children participated in this study. And they completed the Intergenerational Emotional Support Questionnaire, Flow Centre Depression Scale, Short boredom proneness scale and Seff-Rating Scale of Sleep.

(1) Intergenerational emotional support significantly and negatively predicted depression in migrant elderly following children (β=-0.354, P<0.001); (2) Boredom proneness played a mediating role between Intergenerational emotional support and depression of migrant elderly following children. The mediation effect value was -0.129 (95% Bootstrap CI=［-0.215，-0.068］), the mediating effect accounted for 36.44% of the total. (3) Sleep problem moderated the relationship between boredom proneness and depression of migrant elderly following children (β=0.137, P=0.009). Specifically, moderated mediation analysis showed that the impact of boredom proneness on depression strengthened with sleep problem getting worse among the migrant elderly following children (simple slope=0.384, 95% CI: 0.235-0.533, P<0.001). When there was mild sleep problem, the influence of boredom proneness function on depression was weaker (simple slope=0.110, 95% CI: -0.044-0.263, P=0.160).

This study highlights the mediating and moderating mechanisms linking intergenerational emotional support to depression of migrant elderly following children. More importantly, it has prominent implications for the prevention and intervention of depression among migrant elderly following children.

To evaluate the health economy of the whole-process management strategy of personalized lung cancer screening according to the size of lung nodules compared with the annual screening strategy and the natural development strategy.

Based on the publicly available dataset from the US NLST, a decision tree-Markov model was constructed. Incremental cost-utility analysis was used to evaluate the economic efficiency of the three strategies, and one-way sensitivity analysis and probabilistic sensitivity analysis were conducted to test the stability of the model results.

Compared with the natural development strategy, the incremental cost-utility ratios (ICER) of the whole-process management strategy and the annual screening strategy were 82 798.96 yuan/quality-adjusted life year (QALY) and 71 168.05 yuan/QALY, respectively.Compared with the annual screening strategy, the ICER of the whole management strategy was 129 227.28 yuan/QALY. Univariate sensitivity analysis showed that the proportion of lung cancer patients with stage III and IV lung cancer had a significant impact on ICER. Probability sensitivity analysis showed that when the Willingness to pay (WTP) was 89 358 yuan/QALY, the economic probability of the whole management strategy was 0.279. When WTP was 268 074 yuan/QALY, the economic probability of the whole process management strategy was 0.826.

When WTP is 1 time the Gross Domestic Product (GDP), the annual screening strategy is the best choice. When WTP is 3 times the GDP per capita, the whole-process management strategy is the best choice.